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[7] viXra:2412.0180 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-29 23:29:27
Authors: Yusuke Kato
Comments: 46 Pages.
The electromagnetic, strong, Higgs, weak, gravity force are explained as the result of interference. The force is that the waves try to avoid weakening and to strengthen each other to increase their probability of existence. These forces correspond to axial, radial, space moving, time moving, size symmetry. The Standard Model is explained geometrically, with γ and Z^0 are orthogonal planes, W^± is a sphere, and Θ_W is the angle between a sphere and a plane. All forces are unified in the form that the magnitude of the geometrically expressed phase asymmetry coincides with the gauge coupling constant. The theoretical and experimental values for the mass and coupling constant of the gauge particle are almost in agreement. Photons are symmetrical from front to back, so they have zero mass. All forces are derived from the principle that particle waves are always standing waves. The masses of all fermions are expressed in geometric volume ratios, and it is suggested that the generation is the number of dimensions of space. Energy and asymmetry are equivalent. The asymmetry of the Higgs particle is 1, and the Higgs mass M_H is a natural unit. 2M_H-v.e.v. divided by the Higgs volume inflated to match the hierarchy of gravity matches the observed value of dark energy. All forces and mass are not just one or something that was unnecessary in the early universe, they are all necessarily necessary.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] viXra:2412.0175 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-28 09:53:29
Authors: Tatsuyuki Sugawa
Comments: 6 Pages.
In this short report we speculate the spacetime dimension in our universe , by using both the Kasner solutions to the Einstein field equations and the Kaluza-Klein concept of the extra dimension. Surprisingly around the past Big-Bang, the space- time dimension may have been two dimensional (1+1) , and in the future the spacetime dimension may tend to three dimensional one (2+1) , though our observable space-time is four dimensions at the moment. This is a toy model.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[5] viXra:2412.0123 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-20 11:34:35
Authors: En Okada
Comments: 30 Pages.
We propose a novel theoretical paradigm that all physical realities can be concretely defined by the degree of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a binary field, providing an alternative interpretation of the Higgs mechanism. Together with a newly proposed hypothesis that the Planck constant evolves in accordance with the cosmic scale factor, which drives an evolution of the mass and electric charge of elementary particles, our model solves all the hierarchy problems of theoretical physics in one shot, demystifying all the four fundamental interactions as different aspects of a singular consistent story.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[4] viXra:2412.0109 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-19 02:23:37
Authors: Dominique Mareau
Comments: 6 Pages.
Following in the footsteps of Max Planck, through the path of dimensional analysis, this study reveals the factor ξ =1,5457109×1011 which turns out to be omnipresent in cosmology, at all scales. This factor also appears in the form ξ4, as the ratio between the Coulomb energy and the gravitational energy, acting on an electron-positron pair, separated by a unit distance. This same factor reveals, through several independent paths, a cosmic and constant length: L = 2483 Gyl. In addition to the valuable tool offered by dimensional analysis, this study uses the mass unit "electron" which allows to compare dimensionless ratios with masses expressed in the same unit. The study indicates that Newton’s constant G, is determined with the parameters [M, L, T] of the electron and the factor ξ4. Via the factor ξ8 and the standard photon density, ρph = 4.1073×108 u / m^3, the study predicts the mass density ρ = 8.953389×10-10 J/ m^3. The application of the Friedmann-Lemaitre equation, reveals: Ho = 72.7411 km s-1 Mpc-1 = 2.360126×10-18 s-1; the age of the Universe, 13.44 Gy; the critical density ρc = 8.953386×10-10 J/ m^3 < ρ = 8.953389×10-10 J/ m³. These results are close to the results obtained by the WMAP 1 space probe, namely: 13.77 Gy; Ho = 73±3 km s-1 Mpc-1 = (2.35±0.10)×10-18 s-1. However, they are in disagreement with the results of the Planck 2018 mission: Ho = 67.4±0.4 km s-1 Mpc-1 = (2.18±0.01)×10-18 s-1. This study also reveals what could be likened to a cosmic "string" of length L and Planck section, whose volume is equal to the Compton volume of the electron.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[3] viXra:2412.0107 [pdf] replaced on 2025-01-07 22:08:58
Authors: Holger Döring
Comments: 11 Pages.
The complete eigenwert-problem of damping process of oscillating tangential spacetime is described and solved. Characterized are all solutions of an associated spacetime - differential-equation of second order from advanced Lorentz-Einstein-factor, which defines the whole oscillation-process of damping states. This system of oscillation-solutions can be described as a set of energy-equations. The system of two coupled spacetimes to a linked shell-model allows movement of materialbodies or particles with ftl and real restmasses. This spacetime- lineelement can be interpreted as a one-parametrized pseudo-Kummersurface.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] viXra:2412.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-16 17:59:37
Authors: Oleg Ponfilenok
Comments: 6 Pages.
We present a model of gravity in which the gravitational interaction is interpreted as a consequence of changes in information regarding the mutual positions of Planckian masses on a holographic screen. This approach builds on the entropic interpretation of gravity and the holographic principle. We show that Newton’s law of gravitation can be derived by considering entropy changes resulting from a small displacement of a mass. Furthermore, the minimal quantum of entropy, known from the quantization of black hole horizons, leads to the concept of a "quantum of gravitational force." In addition, we introduce an uncertainty principle for mass. A prospective experimental test of these hypotheses, using highly sensitive torsion balances, is also proposed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[1] viXra:2412.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-15 08:44:15
Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 10 Pages.
The authors [1] have recently constructed models of nonextensive black hole Thermodynamics from a generalized Wick’s rotation procedure in the evaluation of the Euclidean path integral. We have explicitly shown in [6] how the Schwarzschild Black Hole Entropy (in all dimensions) emerges from truly point mass sources at r = 0 due to a non-vanishing scalar curvature involving the Dirac delta distribution. It is the density and anisotropic pressure components associated with the point mass delta function source at the origin r = 0 which furnish the Schwarzschild black hole entropy in all dimensions D ≥ 4 after evaluating the non-vanishing Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action. In this work we generalize our construction of the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action by following the generalized Wick’s rotation procedure of [1] in order to construct the nonextensive Schwarzschild black hole entropies in all dimensions. The first law of Thermodynamics is obeyed and when the nonextensivity parameter is λ < 0, the nonextensive entropy is finite at T = 0 despite that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy S_BH (β = ∞) = S_BH (T = 0) = ∞ blows up violating the the third law of Thermodynamics.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
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