High Energy Particle Physics

1901 Submissions

[25] viXra:1901.0469 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-31 07:35:28

Superinsulators Quark Playgrounds

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 97 Pages.

Scientists widely accept the existence of quarks, the fundamental particles that make up protons and neutrons. [56] Finding a material which behaves as a superconductor at room temperature would be a scientific breakthrough of incredible conceptual and technological importance. [55] Cuprates, a class of copper-oxide ceramics that share a common building block of copper and oxygen atoms in a flat square lattice, have been studied for their ability to be superconducting at relatively high temperatures. [54] Chemists at Friedrich Schiller University in Jena (Germany) have now synthesised a molecule that can perform the function of a computing unit in a quantum computer. [53]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[24] viXra:1901.0450 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-01 11:51:13

Why Is the Weak Mixing Angle in Electroweak Theory not Consistent with the Experimental Result?

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 3 Pages.

In some experiments for the weak mixing angle we get the values close to 0.2223 while the electroweak (EW) theory within the Standard Model (SM) leads to the value of 0.23122(3). Here we show that such a discrepancy of 4% is a result of incorrect interpretation of the measured value. Moreover, we show that such discrepancy does not appear in the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) - we obtain 0.22229.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[23] viXra:1901.0448 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-30 10:00:19

Help Improve Global Security

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 98 Pages.

A major research project between the UK and US to harness existing particle physics research techniques in order to remotely monitor nuclear reactors has been launched with the help of scientists at the University of Sheffield. [56] Despite being the most advanced quantum technology, secure encryption of information units based on a method called quantum key distribution (QKD) is currently limited by the channel's capacity to send or share secret bits. [55] An international team of researchers led by ANU is helping to build a safe data superhighway for the highly anticipated quantum internet, which promises a new era of artificial intelligence and ultra-secure communication. [54]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[22] viXra:1901.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-29 12:08:01

The Exact Fermion-Boson Empirical Equation

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 2 Pages.

The exact fermion-boson formula (within experimental error) binds masses of neutron, proton and electron with masses of pions and W and Z bosons. Such formula gives us the opportunity to decrease the experimental uncertainty for the W boson - we obtained 80.3813(11) GeV instead 80.379(12) GeV.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[21] viXra:1901.0387 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-26 08:03:31

Plasma Disruption in Fusion Facility

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 78 Pages.

Scientists seeking to capture and control on Earth fusion energy, the process that powers the sun and stars, face the risk of disruptions—sudden events that can halt fusion reactions and damage facilities called tokamaks that house them. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[20] viXra:1901.0369 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-25 10:26:09

New Concept of Magnetic Monopoles

Authors: Ilgaitis Prūsis, Peteris Prūsis
Comments: 5 pages, 4 figures

All attempts to find Dirac magnetic monopoles have remained unsuccessful until now. Only quasi particles with characteristics similar to magnetic monopoles are created experimentally. This article formulates a new concept of intrinsic magnetic monopoles. Magnetic monopoles are elementary particles with magnetic charges and electric spins. They can be generated by splitting a photon in a strong magnetic field. According to the concept at least a magnetic lepton, magnetic baryon, magnetically neutral monopole and its antiparticles exist.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[19] viXra:1901.0364 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-26 07:28:55

An Illusion of Periodic Changes in Survival Probability for Neutrino Oscillations

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 6 Pages.

Here we showed that the atom-like structure of baryons described within the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) leads to an illusion of periodic changes in survival probability for neutrino oscillations.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[18] viXra:1901.0356 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-24 07:03:36

New Form of Strange Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

In a discovery that could provide new insights into the origin of mass in the universe following the Big Bang, scientists from the international J-PARC E15 Collaboration, led by researchers from the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR) have used experiments with kaons and helium-3 to experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, the existence of an exotic nucleus containing two protons and a bound kaon. [29] The probability that a nucleus will absorb a neutron is important to many areas of nuclear science, including the production of elements in the cosmos, reactor performance, nuclear medicine and defense applications. [28] CERN's nuclear physics facility, ISOLDE, has minted a new coin in its impressive collection of isotopes. [27]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[17] viXra:1901.0322 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-22 00:12:54

The Dirac Experiment Test of the Maximal Acceleration Constant

Authors: Miroslav Pardy
Comments: 6 Pages. original article

We determine the nonlinear group of transformations between coordinate systems which are mutually in a constant symmetrical uniform acceleration. The maximal acceleration limit is a constant which follows from the logical necessity and the kinematical necessity of the system motion and it is an analogue of the maximal velocity in special relativity. The Pardy acceleration constant is not the same as the Caianiello acceleration constant in quantum mechanics and Lambiase acceleration constant in the Riemann space-time and this situation forms the serious puzzle in physics after the theta-tau puzzle in particle physics and Hawking black hole puzzle in cosmology. The author transformations of the accelerated systems is related to the Orlov transformations. The DIRAC experiment in CERN with pionium in the strong electrical field is discussed.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[16] viXra:1901.0303 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-21 01:07:40

Determining Fermion Masses and Resolving the Problem of Generations: a Clue to Incorporate Gravity Into the Standard Model

Authors: K.Tennakone
Comments: 23 Pages. None

Inspired by the Poincare model of the electron, elementary fermions are assumed to be bubble like structures with negative internal pressure and a size corresponding to a radius or equivalently an ultraviolet cut-off. Negative pressure, self-interaction of gauge fields up to the cut-off energy and gravity contribute to the self-energy. All corrections are considered to be proportional to the observed mass of the fermion in order to preserve chiral symmetry in the limit of vanishing fermion mass. Fermion self-energy is thus constituted of terms; inverse cubic, logarithmic (as in qed self-energy of the electron), linear and quadratic in the cut-off parameter and defines coupling coefficients. The latter two terms originating from gravity are fixed on basis of dimensional considerations. The condition of extremization of total energy to determine equilibrium states, leads to a quantic equations with three real roots, giving three values for the fermion mass, for each set of coupling coefficients. The model represents observed quark – lepton mass ratios explaining generation problem and suggest possible numerical values for neutrino masses in agreement with the oscillation data in an inverted order. As a result of incorporation of gravity, Planck energy sets as the natural physically meaningful scale, deriving other scales corresponding to sizes of elementary fermions ranging from Planck length to few thousand times this unit. The model interprets, the physical quality distinguishing a generation as the phase of the false vacuum ‘inside’ the elementary bubble. The unconventional approach behind the model may also have implications on unifications of couplings, incorporation of gravity into the standard model and issue of divergences in quantum field theories.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[15] viXra:1901.0299 [pdf] replaced on 2021-08-02 01:18:41

Particle Mass Ratios that Nearly Equal Basic Geometric Ratios

Authors: Carl Littmann
Comments: 13 Pages.

In physics, there exits the massive Proton and much less massive Electron. And thus, a Particle Mass Ratio, when comparing them, about 1836.15 to 1. And there exists many other important particles, too, although unstable, such as the major Pion and major Kaon particles classes. And they have mass ratios, too, relative to the electron, of about 270.1 to 1, and 970.0 to 1, respectively. Interestingly, all those Particle Mass Ratios nearly equal basic Solid Geometry Ratios, some of which we likely saw in High School Geometry class, when viewing sphere patterns. (Or the average of two major solid geometry ratios.) This article lists prominent Particle Mass Ratios and shows the basic Ratio in Solid Geometry that each one nearly equals. Some simple comments are made. (Less specialized readers may skip my more technical comments.)
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[14] viXra:1901.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-19 06:51:55

Evaluating the Effect of Anti–cancer Nano Drugs Dosage and Reduced Leukemia and Polycythemia Vera Levels on Trend of the Human Blood and Bone Marrow Cancers Under Synchrotron Radiation

Authors: Alireza Heidari, Ricardo Gobato
Comments: 8 Pages. Trends in Res, 2019 doi: 10.15761/TR.1000126 Volume 2(1): 1-2

Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow; there are many types of leukemia, depending on which type of white blood cell is involved. Treatment varies with the type and stage of disease. In fact, it is a blood cancer that begins in the marrow of our bones, the soft center where new blood cells grow. If we have polycythemia vera, our marrow makes too many red blood cells, which causes our blood to get too thick. That can make us more likely to have clots, a stroke, or a heart attack. Treatment of leukemia and polycythemia vera levels on trend of the human blood and bone marrow cancers for optimum usage of anti–cancer Nano drugs dosage is one of the most important issues of sustainable development. Therefore, the only available way to deal with the problem of treatment of leukemia and polycythemia vera levels on trend of the human blood and bone marrow cancers is optimum usage of anti-cancer Nano drugs dosage. In this study, we evaluated the chemical changes of anti–cancer Nano drugs dosage in human blood and bone marrow cancers’ cells such as leukemia, a type of cancer found in our blood and bone marrow cancers is caused by the rapid production of abnormal white blood cells. The high number of abnormal white blood cells is not able to fight infection, and they impair the ability of the bone marrow cancers to produce red blood cells and platelets and determine the treatment trend of these changes.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[13] viXra:1901.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-19 06:55:02

Assessing the Variety of Synchrotron, Synchrocyclotron and Laser Radiations and Their Roles and Applications in Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment

Authors: Alireza Heidari, Ricardo Gobato
Comments: 8 Pages. Trends in Res, 2019 doi: 10.15761/TR.1000127 Volume 2(1): 1-2

Many human cancer cells, tissues and tumors diagnosis and treatment methods and techniques in the world are mostly as synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations. Synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations are the most clinical, medical and medicinal acceptable and reasonable methods and techniques for human cancer cells, tissues and tumors diagnosis and treatment. However, the most important problem is that the produced anti–cancer Nano drugs containing by various chemical and pharmaceutical components, penetrates into the human cancer cells, tissues and tumors and causes the cancer cells, tissues and tumors distribution from the human body. An appropriate diagnosis and treatment method and technique base encapsulation process under synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations prevent the entry of the cancer causes to the human body and have determining role in cancer cells, tissues and tumors distribution control. Synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations are encapsulated products which can solve current problems in human body.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[12] viXra:1901.0280 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-19 07:03:31

Investigation of Energy Production by Synchrotron, Synchrocyclotron and Laser Radiations in Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors and Evaluation of Their Effective on Human Cancer Cells, Tissues and Tumors Treatment Trend

Authors: Alireza Heidari, Ricardo Gobato
Comments: 8 Pages. rends in Res, 2019 doi: 10.15761/TR.1000130 Volume 2(1): 1-2

Development of synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations increased significantly in human cancer cells, tissues and tumors that led to their effective of attention to the creation of human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment trend. The best methods and techniques for decreasing human cancer cells, tissues and tumors is investigation of energy production by synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations in human cancer cells, tissues and tumors and evaluation of their effective on human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment trend. To achieve this goal, according to the studies by factors in the process such as pH, temperature and retention time, among the systems were used for this purpose, single–stage systems under synchrotron, synchrocyclotron and LASER radiations possesses higher efficiency. In the conversion process of the system, human benign cancer cells, tissues and tumors were produced with efficiency 99% in total.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[11] viXra:1901.0275 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-19 08:15:35

LHC Replacement Plans Unveiled

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

The proposal envisages a new 100km circumference tunnel that would be bored through the Earth, encircling the city of Geneva and the surrounding countryside. [30] On Wednesday, 25 July, for the very first time, operators injected not just atomic nuclei but lead "atoms" containing a single electron into the LHC. [29] The case for an ambitious new particle accelerator to be built in the United States has just gotten a major boost.[27] Physics textbooks might have to be updated now that an international research team has found evidence of an unexpected transition in the structure of atomic nuclei. [26] The group led by Fabrizio Carbone at EPFL and international colleagues have used ultrafast transmission electron microscopy to take attosecond energy-momentum resolved snapshots (1 attosecond = 10-18 or quintillionths of a second) of a free-electron wave function. [25]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[10] viXra:1901.0254 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-17 07:39:47

Waves and Particles Affect Fusion Reactions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 63 Pages.

Now a team of physicists led by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) has devised a faster method to determine how much this interaction between particles and waves contributes to the efficiency loss in tokamaks. [38] The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), nicknamed the "Chinese artificial sun," achieved an electron temperature of over 100 million degrees in its core plasma during a four-month experiment this year. [37] David Armstrong studies a phenomenon that is ubiquitous in nature, yet only a few non-scientists know what it is. [36] Physicists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) have recently succeeded in observing parity violation in ytterbium atoms with different numbers of neutrons. [35]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[9] viXra:1901.0226 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-01 09:10:10

The Relationship Between CKM and PMNS Matrices in the CP-Violation Sectors

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 10 Pages.

There are two minima in the global distribution for the mixing angle (23) in the PMNS matrix. It suggests that there are two different phenomena. We described them within the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST). The two minima lead to two invariants for a certain relationship between the CKM and PMNS matrices in the CP-violation sectors. We also showed how SST is related to the orthodox PMNS matrix and we calculated the maximum allowed CP violation in the leptonic sector parameterized by the Jarlskog determinant - our value is 0.03291. Presented here model allows us to understand the electroweak interactions of baryons.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[8] viXra:1901.0176 [pdf] replaced on 2019-11-05 05:08:06

What is the Magnetic Moment of Electron Spin?

Authors: Michael Tzoumpas
Comments: 6 Pages.

According to the unified theory of dynamic space the inductive-inertial phenomenon has been developed, forming the grouping units (namely electric charges or forms of the electric field). Moreover, with the surface electric charges of the electron cortex its inverse electric fields are formed. By the above phenomena the actual theoretical value of the magnetic dipole moment of electron spin is proved as equal to the experimental measurement.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[7] viXra:1901.0167 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-12 13:08:35

Topological Skyrme Model with Wess-Zumino Anomaly Term Has Colour Dependence in Quark Charges and Indicates Incompleteness of the Pure Skyrme Model

Authors: Syed Afsar Abbas
Comments: 10 Pages.

The topological Skyrme has been actively studied in recent times (e.g. see Manton and Sutcliffe, Topological Solitons, Cam U Press, 2004) to understand the structure of the nucleons and the nucleus. Here through a consistent study of the electric charge, it is shown that just the Skyrme lagrangian by itself, gives charges as, Qp = 1/2 and Qn = − 1/2 ; shockingly missing their empirical values. This devastating problem is rectified, only by includig an extra term (not available at Skyrme’s time), arising from the Wess-Zumino anomaly. One then obtains Qu = 2/3 and Qd = − 1/3 , and thus giving the correct charges of the nucleon. It is also shown here (for the first time), that the combined Skyrme-Wess- Zumino lagrangian predicts, colour-number dependence of the electric charges as: Q(u) = 1/2(1 + 1/Nc ); Q(d) = 1/2(−1 + 1/Nc) for arbitrary colour-number of the QCD group SU(Nc). This gives 2/3 and -1/3 charges for Nc=3. Thus it is not good enough to just have the value of charges as 2/3 and -1/3. We show that it is important to have a proper colour dependence existing within the guts of the quark charges. Though the quarks have colour built into its guts, composite protons and neutrons built up of odd-number-of-colours of quarks, turn out to be colour-free with fixed values of 1 and 0 charges, respectively (and which is good for self-consistency of QCD+QED); while the proton and neutron built up of static (colour-independent) charges 2/3 and -1/3, develop explicit colour dependence (and which is disatrous for these models).
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[6] viXra:1901.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-09 08:52:52

Identifying Lower-Energy Neutrinos

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

An experiment at the Department of Energy's Fermilab has made a significant advance in the detection of neutrinos that hide themselves at lower energies. [20] Although three types of neutrino are known, scientists are searching for a possible fourth—the sterile neutrino, whose existence has been teased but never clearly confirmed. [19] A pair of researchers with the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark has come up with a possible explanation for the excess of electron neutrinos detected by researchers at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. [18] The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector in the world has just recorded its first particle tracks, signaling the start of a new chapter in the story of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). [17] While these experiments seem miniature in comparison to others, they could reveal answers about neutrinos that have been hiding from physicists for decades. [16] In a paper published today in the European Physical Journal C, the ATLAS Collaboration reports the first high-precision measurement at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the mass of the W boson. [15]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[5] viXra:1901.0121 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-08 20:10:55

The Charged Higgs-like Bosons Have Already Been Observed by ATLAS and CMS

Authors: Mario Everaldo de Souza
Comments: 5 Pages. Just a small correction

Taking into account a very solid quark compositeness model, based on the electrical charge densities of the nucleons found by R. Hofstadter, R. Herman, L. Durand and R. R. Wilson in the early 1960s, from which a new quantum number is deduced, and the experimental data on the Higgs boson obtained by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, this article shows that these collaborations have already seen the charged Higgs-like bosons by means of the WW channel. The data also imply that the charged and neutral Higgs-like bosons have similar masses, and that the Higgs-like bosons have odd parity like the other fundamental bosons of Nature. The ratio between the productions of charged to neutral Higgs-like bosons is calculated.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[4] viXra:1901.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-07 09:16:23

Elusive Fourth Kind of Neutrino

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

Although three types of neutrino are known, scientists are searching for a possible fourth—the sterile neutrino, whose existence has been teased but never clearly confirmed. [19] A pair of researchers with the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark has come up with a possible explanation for the excess of electron neutrinos detected by researchers at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. [18] The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector in the world has just recorded its first particle tracks, signaling the start of a new chapter in the story of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). [17] While these experiments seem miniature in comparison to others, they could reveal answers about neutrinos that have been hiding from physicists for decades. [16] In a paper published today in the European Physical Journal C, the ATLAS Collaboration reports the first high-precision measurement at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the mass of the W boson. [15]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[3] viXra:1901.0074 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-06 19:02:55

Up to So(32) Via Supersymmetry "Bootstrap"

Authors: Alejandro Rivero
Comments: Actually three similar versions of 3-4 pages each, and a coda.

A simple self-referencing postulate in the Chan-Paton factors of a string allows to fix some of the freedom in the landscape of SO(32) movel aspiring to be standard-model-like.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[2] viXra:1901.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2019-01-02 09:24:48

Innovative Magnets for Accelerator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 85 Pages.

The novel magnet design, developed by Brookhaven physicist Stephen Brooks and C-AD engineer George Mahler, has a fixed magnetic field that varies in strength at different points within each circular magnet's aperture. [46] Particle accelerators are made of structures called cavities, which impart energy to the particle beam, kicking it forward. [45] As an alternative cost-cutting option to accelerate particles more efficiently, the wakefield accelerator has been suggested. Physicists send a beam of either electrons, protons, or a laser through a plasma. [44] A KAIST research team successfully identified the underlying principles behind electron heating, which is one of the most important phenomena in plasmas. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning-all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[1] viXra:1901.0013 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-14 21:40:36

Grosse Fugue and E8-Cl(16) Physics

Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
Comments: 90 Pages.

The Structure of Beethoven’s Grosse Fugue (Opus 133 and 134) corresponds to Cl(16) - E8 Physics (viXra 1810.0365) and the evolution of our Universe and Human civilization. The Grosse Fugue correpondences with Cl(16) - E8 are shown in this paper using visualizations by Stephen Malinowski. Version 4 (v4) includes links to some mov files of visualizations.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics