Quantum Physics

Ai-je Bien Compris la Mécanique Quantique?
Did I Understand Quantum Mechanics Correctly?)

Authors: Berkouk Mohamed
Comments: 12 Pages. (Correction made by viXra Admin - Please conform!)

L’avènement de la mécanique quantique a suscité de longs débats dans la première moitié du vingtième siècle notamment entre Albert Einstein et Niels Bohr , ce dernier défendait le bienfondé de la MQ et le caractère déterministe de celle-ci malgré des résultats exprimés en terme de probabilité, justifiés par les expériences et des corrélations parfaites entre différents spins , dans le cas de l’intrication de deux photons polarisés éloignés, dont nous allons nous intéresser dans cet article.

The advent of quantum mechanics has aroused long debates in the first half of the twentieth century, particularly between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, the latter defended the merits of the MQ and the deterministic nature of it despite the results expressed in terms of Probability, justified by the perfect experiences and correlations between different spins, in the case of the entanglement of two distant polarized photons, which we will be interested in this article.
Category: Quantum Physics

Facts about Bell-test Experiments

Authors: Gerard van der Ham
Comments: 4 Pages.

This paper is about two facts concerning Bell experiments that are generally being overlooked. The first is the meaning of the probabilities that emerge from the results of the experiments. The second is the fact that detectors detect pairs of entangled particles from opposite positions and so in opposite directions. This has extreme implications which has never been taken into account.Understanding and applying these insights makes it rather easy to explain the results of Bell-test experiments in a local-real way. Consequently this means that entanglement considered as interaction at a distance, doesn't exist. Entanglement only means that entangled particles have opposite properties.
Category: Quantum Physics

电子组成和结构新理论的应用研究进展与评述 (Review on the Application & Research of New Theory of Electronic Composition and Structure)

Authors: Runsheng Tu
Comments: 20 Pages.

量子场论将粒子都看作是场，无法非常具体地描述电子的组成、结构和内禀运动状态。探索电子的组成、结构和内禀运动状态并不与量子场论冲突。通过一个"电子的组成、结构和内禀运动方式"的假设（光结电子结构模型），而大大美化了量子力学——量子力学的重要方程和和算符（特别是有关电子自旋的算符）都可以根据这个假设推导出来。能为电子自旋、原子结构给出合理而无矛盾的经典转动模型。原子的经典行星模型还可以成功地应用于氢分子、锂分子、钠分子的离解能和键长的计算。对于原子和分子的计算既可以分别使用又可以混合使用波动力学方法和行星模型语境下的经典方法。成功的应用事例多达数百个。电子结构模型的成功的应用和对量子力学的美化作用显然又成了该模型的证据。"玻尔行星模型方法和现代量子力学方法可广泛地混合使用"表明这两种方法是等价的或相互兼容的。可促使人类重新认识微观体系的特点。

Quantum field theory regards all particles as fields, and cannot describe the composition, structure and intrinsic motion state of electrons in a very specific way. Exploring the composition, structure and intrinsic state of motion of electrons does not conflict with quantum field theory. Through a hypothesis of "the composition, structure and intrinsic motion of electrons" (light-junction electronic structure model), quantum mechanics—an important equation and operator of quantum mechanics (especially the calculation of electron spin) is greatly beautified. ) can be deduced from this assumption. A reasonable and non-contradictory classical rotation model can be given for electron spin and atomic structure. The classical planetary model of atoms can also be successfully applied to the calculation of dissociation energies and bond lengths of hydrogen molecules, lithium molecules, and sodium molecules. Calculations for atoms and molecules can be performed separately or in combination with wave mechanics methods and classical methods in the context of planetary models. There are hundreds of successful application cases. The successful application of the electronic structure model and the beautification of quantum mechanics clearly became the evidence of the model. "The method of Bohr's planetary model and the method of modern quantum mechanics can be widely mixed" shows that the two methods are equivalent or compatible with each other. It can prompt humans to re-understand the characteristics of microscopic systems.
Category: Quantum Physics

The Incompleteness of the Schroedinger Equation

Authors: Miroslav Pardy
Comments: 11 Pages. original article

The Schroedinger equation with the nonlinear term is derived in the frameworkof the Dirac heuristics. The particle behaves classically in case the mass of it is infinite.The nonlinear term involves new physical constant b. The constant b can bemeasured by the same methods that were used in the case of the Casimir effect. Of course, the experimental procedure is based on well educatedexperimenters. The new experiments, different from the Zeilinger ones, are proposed, with theFaraday simplicity. The article isthe extended and perfectionized version of the articles by author (Pardy, 1993; 1994; 2001).
Category: Quantum Physics

How Quantum Mechanics Might be When Measuring Commuting Observables

Authors: Koji Nagata, Tadao Nakamura
Comments: 3 pages

We consider how quantum mechanics might bewhen measuring commuting observables if we acceptthe Kronecker delta. Quantum mechanics is reduced to classical theorywhen we consider only commuting observables.Using this fact, we discuss an inconsistency within quantum mechanics when accepting the Kronecker delta without extra assumptionsabout the reality of observables.One of the objectives of this paper is for us to remain wondering the extension of quantum mechanical axiom to concrete commuting observables themselves.
Category: Quantum Physics

General and Consistent Explanation of Tunnel Effect Based on Quantum-Statistical Interpretation

Authors: Chol Jong, Son-Il Jo, Shin-Hyok Jon
Comments: 14 Pages.

We present an new explanation of the mechanism of tunneling from the quantum-statistical perspective. The purpose of our work is to elucidate the true mechanism of tunneling consistent with quantum theory and energy conservation. We explain tunneling on the basis of the thermionic current due to the ensemble of electron, and the current resonance due to the quantum constraint in the barrier and the exchange-correlation interaction of electrons around the barrier. The statistical aspect of tunneling is interpreted as being due to the existence of electrons able to surmount the barrier thanks to the ensemble of electrons or microscopic states of electron. Considering the current resonance of quantum essence in the barrier and the exchange-correlation interaction around the barrier enables a satisfactory explanation of the quantum aspect of tunneling relative to the width of barrier. Eventually, we arrive at a consistent and general explanation of the mechanism and characteristics of tunneling that is essentially a phenomenon of quantum plus statistical causes.
Category: Quantum Physics

Study of European Cold Streams Per 2.24 Years Based on Quantum Gravity Theory with Ultimate Acceleration

Authors: Huaiyang Cui
Comments: 21 Pages.

In analogy with the ultimate speed c, there is an ultimate acceleration β, nobody's acceleration can exceed this limit β, in the solar system, β=2.961520e+10(m/s2). Because this ultimate acceleration is large, any effect related to β will become easy to test, including quantum gravity tests. In this paper, an approach is put forward to connect the ultimate acceleration with quantum theory, therefore the ultimate acceleration has quantum effects. At the first, this approach is applied to sunspot problems, the sunspot cycle is calculated to be 10.93 years. Next, this approach is applied to the atmospheric circulations and European climate pattern. Constructive interference condition takes place at three latitudes on the northern hemisphere, that control overall wind fields around the earth. This quantum effect indicates that Europe suffers to a gust of cold streams from arctic regions per 2.24 years, this prediction agrees well with the observed cycles of the quasi-biennial oscillation in the equatorial lower stratosphere. The European climate pattern is under control of the four seasons and the cold streams per 2.24 years.
Category: Quantum Physics

Generalization of the Dirac Equation using Geometric Algebra

Authors: Jesús Sánchez
Comments: 10 Pages.

In this paper, we will calculate a generalization of the Dirac Equation using Geometric Algebra Cl3,0. Apart from the partial derivatives with respect to position and time, also partial derivatives regarding orientation (or angular momentum) will appear.The reason that these new partial derivatives have not been considered before is probably because their value is very small or directly zero or because they represent an oscillatory movement or value which mean value is zero. Meaning they can influence in local effects (helicoidal movement, rotations etc.) but not in the mean trajectory of the particles.
Category: Quantum Physics