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[12] viXra:2212.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-31 17:26:01
Authors: Andrey N. Smirnov
Comments: 18 Pages.
Physical systems without time and dynamics have been considered. The principle of how to construct spacetime in a physical system without time and dynamics has been proposed. It has been found what can be objects in such a spacetime, and what can be an interaction between such objects. Within the framework of the considered class of systems, answers to the following problems of philosophy and physics have been found: the nature of consciousness and the connection of body and consciousness (mind-body problem), the nature of time, the anthropic principle and the problem of fine-tuning the universe, the effectiveness of mathematics in describing physical phenomena, the limits of knowledge. There are a number of indications that our Universe is not based on one of the systems of the class considered. The considered class of systems makes it possible to find answers to questions that cannot be answered for our Universe. This shows that it is fundamentally possible to find answers to these questions for our Universe as well.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[11] viXra:2212.0206 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-29 22:22:57
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 15 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
In a recent paper, we discussed the details and consequences of an analysis that argues a technical error in the LQG (Loop Quantum Gravity) quantization scheme that may also explain why, so far, LQG can’t recover GR and a classical smooth spacetime so far. In the present paper, we sketch a possible way forward (E/G-LQG) to address these issues. Doing so introduces new terms in the Quantum Gravity Hamiltonian with constraints that are reminiscent of entanglement, or correlation. It links entanglement and quantum gravity as in the E/G conjecture and provides hints of multi-fold mechanisms. This analysis result from work done on the multi-fold theory which resulted in a proposal from multi-fold mechanisms. In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles, whether they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result in a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant, and where spacetime nodes and particles, can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General Relativity (GR) at large scales, and semi-classical models remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model resulting in what we defined as SMG. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without New Physics other than gravity, i.e. no new particles or forces. These considerations hints at an even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model.Hints of the role of entanglement in quantum gravity, derived with the LQG Dirac constrained Hamiltonian program, and its quantization, and also relatable to Lagrangian with LQG spin foams, is a significant result that significant progresses our understanding of the relationship between GR and multi-folds: it could be a way forward to evolve from a qualitative to quantitative multi-fold theory. The multi-folds and the E/G conjecture is actually present in the Hilbert Einstein action. It is just well hidden, and as a quantum effect, it could, understandably, only be discovered when proceeding with the quantization of GR.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[10] viXra:2212.0168 [pdf] replaced on 2022-12-29 23:54:32
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 9 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/
This paper results from work done on the multi-fold theory which resulted in a proposal for quantum gravity. In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles, whether they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result in a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure, and a non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant, and where spacetime nodes, and particles, can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General Relativity (GR) at large scales, and semi-classical models remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity, with non-negligible effects can therefore be added to the Standard Model resulting in what we defined as SMG. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without New Physics other than gravity, i.e. no new particles or forces. These considerations hint at an even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model.The multi-fold theory obviously overlaps and relates to other TOEs like superstrings and quantum gravity e.g.., Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). Considerations about some of these other theories have been published, including lessons learned, and recommendations to fill gaps, or address issues. However, our initial analysis of LQG focused more on similarities, and our perceived gap in terms of particles, and entanglement modeling by LQG. We had not yet encountered an analysis, unrelated to the multi-fold theory, which argues that there would be a technical error in LQG quantization scheme that may also explain why LQG can’t recover GR, and a classical smooth spacetime so far. This argument may not have been explicitly published to, or discussed by, the LQG community.This paper points out and amplifies the arguments encountered around this possible error, and it challenges the LQG community to provide an answer, or a mitigating reformulated model.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[9] viXra:2212.0164 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-21 11:30:27
Authors: Boris Stoyanov
Comments: 49 Pages.
The scientific article reviews some properties of the low-energy effective actions for consistentsupergravity models. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding quantum gravitytheories with minimal supersymmetry. We provide an elegant extension of the theory and give adeffinitions of the anomaly-free models in advanced supergravity constructions. The deep relationbetween anomalies and inconsistency is emphasized in this research. The conditions for anomalycancellation in these supergravity theories typically constitute determined types of equations.For completeness of theoretical framework, we are including anomaly-free models, which areconsistent supergravity theories.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[8] viXra:2212.0157 [pdf] replaced on 2023-07-13 23:56:42
Authors: Wanpeng Tan
Comments: 25 Pages. More related papers at https://www.wanpengtan.com/smm/
The two discrete generators of the full Lorentz group $O(1,3)$ in $4D$ spacetime are typically chosen to be parity inversion symmetry $P$ and time reversal symmetry $T$, which are responsible for the four topologically separate components of $O(1,3)$. Under general considerations of quantum field theory (QFT) with internal degrees of freedom, mirror symmetry is a natural extension of $P$, while $CP$ symmetry resembles $T$ in spacetime. In particular, mirror symmetry is critical as it doubles the full Dirac fermion representation in QFT and essentially introduces a new sector of mirror particles. Its close connection to T-duality and Calabi-Yau mirror symmetry in string theory is clarified. Extension beyond the Standard model can then be constructed using both left- and right-handed heterotic strings guided by mirror symmetry. Many important implications such as supersymmetry, chiral anomalies, topological transitions, Higgs, neutrinos, and dark energy, are discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[7] viXra:2212.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-15 02:32:04
Authors: Dong-Yih Bau
Comments: 11 Pages.
A new science with new discoveries has the potential to change the outlook of many fields. Otherwise, scientists are at risk of lingering on past discoveries and approaches. Recently, we discovered two new laws of nature in Einsteinian science: the success/failure system and cosmic inertia. We had hoped for them to be disseminated by an editor of a respectable Science Citation Indexed journal and we are still waiting. Our motivation is that only Einsteinian science with the success/failure system and cosmic inertia will provide a true picture of the universe. Before finalising the relevant fourteen papers for dissemination, we aim to perform a success analysis of the two scientific discoveries. We encourage the scientific community to embrace Einsteinian science immediately. The contrast between Newtonian science and Einsteinian science does not lie in merely the distinction between the two theories of the macrocosmos, Newton’s theory of gravitation and Einstein’s general relativity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] viXra:2212.0130 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-15 03:55:16
Authors: Boris Stoyanov
Comments: 56 Pages.
The scientific article reviews some properties of the low-energy effective actions for gauged supergravity models. We summarize the current state of knowledge regarding gravity theories withminimal supersymmetry. We provide an elegant extension of the theory and give a deffinitionsof the anomalies in gauged supergravity. The difference between the covariant and consistentanomalies is carefully explained in terms of their different origins. The gauge structure of anomalies and the related supersymmetry currents is analyzed in detail. The results are extended todetermine the structure of gravitational and mixed anomalies in supergravity. The deep relationbetween anomalies and inconsistency is emphasized in this research. The conditions for anomalycancellation in these supergravity theories typically constitute determined types of equations.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[5] viXra:2212.0120 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-11 21:32:00
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 19 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. Space time matter induction in 7D (dominated as a 5D effect) can recover the Standard Model (with gravity: SMG). It is an embedding space that illustrates what any particle "feels" due to the multi-fold mechanisms where paths enter such an extra 3D space, with a dominant 1D effect. The 7D (/5D) flatness and embedding allows to recover the SMG particles as effects of geometric objects in 7D (/5D) on 4D spacetime, and scattering effects at the boundary. Some clarifications of the different dimensions, that should be considered, are discussed in the paper. One also identified an AdS(5) space dual tangent to every point of the multi-fold spacetime, and where multi-folds can live (characterizing also that 1D dominant effect as a scale). It gives the multi-fold version of the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture. We relate AdS(5) as an outside-in view versus the inside out view of the 7D embedding space.The different dimensions, that are considered for space time matter induction, are consistent with Kaluza Klein theories (constrained and unconstrained, i.e. without imposed compact dimensions), and superstrings or M-theory dimensions. The paper offers a unique clarification of the differences in the required dimensions for KK theories versus unconstrained KK theories used for space time matter induction, and the different embedding theorems behind these approaches. It also hints on why gravity renormalization differs from Yang Mills.A recently published result showed, that renormalizing gravity on the 4D boundary of a AdS(5) spacetime amounts to imposing "flatness" of the corresponding Einsteinian space with negative cosmological constant. The boundary is then characterized by a positive, small cosmological constant, and the model can match the ΛCDM cosmology model. We take this as a demonstration that asymptotic safety of gravity in a dS universe support the Standard Model, and conversely explains why supersymmetry or superstrings are not compatible with SM along with asymptotically safe gravity. Then, the possibility to derive, by induction, the SM particles and fields from the new dS(4) Boundary of AdS(5), stands on its own, especially, as it does not require multi-fold mechanisms. With this, the paper provides a way to add gravity to the CFT side of the AdS/CFT correspondence (conjecture or factual), as we had all along for a multi-fold universe: it is a new AdS(5)/dS(4)[CFT+Asymp. Safe Gravity] correspondence duality, where dS(4) contains CFTs and asymptotically safe gravity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[4] viXra:2212.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-09 02:21:30
Authors: George Bailey
Comments: 15 Pages.
In the previous work, we established a connection between the age of the universe, or the resulting Hubble radius, and the proton radius. Thereby we already noticed that the dimensionless fine structure constant α (1/137.036) is a link of several numerical correlations of the atomic world and the universe. And we also noticed that the delta value 1.00602 (we will call it δ_H hereafter) not only arises, if one considers the ratio from the mass square of the hydrogen atom by the product of electron mass and proton mass ( m_H²/(m_p*m_e) and divides this value by 10/3 * 4/α, but also arises in other contexts, if one assumes that the ratio between electromagnetic force and gravitational force between proton and electron exactly corresponds to the value 20/3 * 2^128 and makes for this a minimal adjustment of the currently accepted value of the gravitational constant. Based on the consideration that 3/10 of the classical electron radius r_e would be the physically more sensible electron radius and that this radius is only a touch away from the proton radius r_p - and that this small difference between 3/10*r_e and r_p can be described by δ_H, we will derive two very similar equations for determining m_p/m_e, both only dependent on alpha and of the form: m_p/m_e = 10/3 * 4/α + 9 + x(α) - where x(α) in both cases is a value of the order of δ_H-1 = 0.00602 With 1836.15267446 and 1836.15267148 they deliver values that correspond to 9 digits with the current CODATA value for the ratio m_p/m_e and, with this accuracy, are even within the range of the current precision measurements for the fine structure constant α.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[3] viXra:2212.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-04 17:06:14
Authors: Andrey N. Smirnov
Comments: 14 Pages.
Structures without time and dynamics are considered. The principle is proposed how to build space-time in a structure without time and dynamics. It is found what can be objects in such a space-time, and what can be an interaction between such objects.Within the framework of the considered class of structures, answers were found to the following problems of philosophy and physics: the nature of consciousness and the connection between the body and consciousness (mind-body problem), nature of time, anthropic principle and the problem of fine-tuning the universe, the effectiveness of mathematics in describing physical phenomena, limits of knowledge.The considered class of structures makes it possible to find answers to questions that cannot be answered for our Universe. This shows the fundamental possibility of finding answers to these questions for our Universe as well.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] viXra:2212.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-05 02:44:29
Authors: Eran Sinbar
Comments: 3 Pages.
There are two non-local phenomena that cannot be visualized by our standard local three-dimensional concept of space. These phenomena are quantum entanglement (EPR) and the unique results of general relativity in the form of wormholes (ER). Lately it has been suggested that these two are the same phenomena (ER=EPR). In order to visualize them, one dimension was reduced suggesting that our space is a two-dimensional hologram. This paper suggests a new way to visualize these non-local phenomena by quantizing the standard three-dimensional local space and adding an extra non-local grid dimension between the quantized space units.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[1] viXra:2212.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2022-12-04 20:42:59
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 19 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. Among the multi-fold SMG (the standard model with gravity effects non negligible at its scales) discoveries, the apparition of an-always in-flight, and hence non-interacting, right-handed neutrinos, coupled to the Higgs boson is quite notable. It is supposedly always around right-handed neutrinos, due to spacetime orientation or chirality flips by gravity of the massless Weyl fermions, induced by 7D space time matter and scattering models, and hidden behind the Higgs boson, or field at the entry points, and exit points of the multi-folds. Massless Higgs bosons modeled as minimal microscopic black holes mark concretized spacetime locations. They can condensate into Dirac Kerr-Newman soliton Qballs to produce massive and charged particles, thereby providing a microscopic explanation for a Higgs driven inflation, the gravity electroweak symmetry breaking, the Higgs mechanism, the mass acquisition and the chirality of fermions and orientation of spacetime; all resulting from the multi-fold gravity electroweak symmetry breaking. At small scale and during the spacetime reconstruction phase, spacetime is discrete and anticommutative; something motivated by the multi-fold mechanisms, and by spacetime reconstruction using random walks of massless Higgs bosons; something corroborated with Group Field Theory (GFT). Non-commutativity ensures preservation of Lorentz invariance, and absence of supra luminosity (in vacuum) over the discrete spacetime. Even more interesting, we see that matter dynamics appear from the geometry of such a non-commutative spacetime, defined by the Higgs field, and that the number of SM particles and interactions, as well as behaviors like neutrino mixing, directly result from the non-commutativity. A consistent picture gets reinforced: in multi-fold universes, spacetime is implemented by the Higgs field, and the SM results from its geometrical properties, and Higgs dynamics. (Effective) QFTs and GR are models, at larger scale and statistical models, which approximate the microscopic behavior, that we encounter in multi-fold universes. Spacetime evolves from 2D massless regime, nonlocal thanks to the multi-fold effects, to massive 3D then 4D random walk the continuous spacetime, local except for entanglement, or implications of the W-type multi-fold hypothesis, and emerges suitable for quantum, semi-classical and classical physics.We also conjecture a relationship between non-commutativity and 7D space time matter induction and scattering.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
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