General Mathematics

2304 Submissions

[7] viXra:2304.0232 [pdf] submitted on 2023-04-30 00:54:37

Two-Dimensional Differenceless Derivatives of the First Order of Accuracy

Authors: Y. Mahotin
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this article, we present a method of differenceless derivatives for the numerical differentiation of two-dimensional functions when a set of arbitrary points is given near the point where derivatives are calculated. The new algorithm can be used in various fields of science and technology.
Category: General Mathematics

[6] viXra:2304.0205 [pdf] replaced on 2023-06-10 09:48:23

Null Algebra Extension II

Authors: Robert S. Miller
Comments: 61 Pages. This second version of this paper was formatted with a more thorough review to remove error left in the first draft. It contains additional graphs and material showing the full resolution of the complex plane for the given example equation.

This extension to Null Algebra more deeply examines the the application, and consequences of division by zero and the solutions to the negative radical within the complex plane. The paper takes this application to its natural result of resolving the complex plane to a real hyper-plane formed in three directions from the union of real and subspace axis. A later version of this paper will explore the negative area these concepts mandate must exist and the Null Algebra resolutions of complex exponents.
Category: General Mathematics

[5] viXra:2304.0090 [pdf] replaced on 2023-05-10 13:18:57

A New Proof That The Reals Numbers Are Uncountable

Authors: Richard Kaufman
Comments: 2 Pages.

A fairly recent paper called, "Another Proof That The Real Number R Are Uncountable" uses Cousin’s lemma. Probably the most well-known proof of the uncountability of the real numbers is Georg Cantor’s diagonalization argument. Cantor’s diagonalization is not a proof that relies upon Russell’s paradox.3,4,5 In the present paper, we show that the reals are uncountable using Russell’s Paradox. To the author’s knowledge, this is a new proof.
Category: General Mathematics

[4] viXra:2304.0080 [pdf] replaced on 2023-04-22 21:51:30

Sound Relativistic Hamiltonians and Quantum Propagators

Authors: Steven Kenneth Kauffmann
Comments: 10 Pages.

Dirac erroneously tried to impose space-time symmetry on the time-skewed Schroedinger equation, which is the time component of a Lorentz-covariant four-vector system of equations -- that system's three space-component equations specify the quantum three-momentum operator in coordinate representation. Dirac's misconception resulted in a noninteracting-particle Hamiltonian that isn't the time component of a Lorentz-covariant four-momentum times c, and which causes the noninteracting particle to spontaneously undergo immense acceleration of the order of c squared divided by the particle's Compton wavelength, and to also have a fixed unphysical speed which is c times the square root of three. Dirac's Hamiltonian has a physically untenable unbounded-below set of negative energy eigenvalues, which have been airily "reinterpreted" as (very questionably) implying propagation backward in time. Dirac's misconceived Hamiltonian is in any case irrelevant since a noninteracting particle's Lorentz-covariant four-velocity times its mass m times c has a time component which is a superbly-behaved Hamiltonian with a simple space-time propagator for quantum wave functions. Via a Lorentz-invariant action integral, Lorentz long ago extended this noninteracting-particle Hamiltonian to describe the particle's interaction with an electromagnetic four-potential. Here we modify Lorentz's Lorentz-invariant action integral to accommodate the spin-1/2 particle by adding the Lorentz-invariant extrapolation of the nonrelativistic spin-1/2 particle's magnetic-moment potential energy in a magnetic field. We also point out the important fact that when particles can be produced, perturbation contributions become increasingly invalid with increasingly high virtual momentum values, which must be cut off.
Category: General Mathematics

[3] viXra:2304.0055 [pdf] replaced on 2024-01-23 01:55:12

Using (*3+2^m-1)/2^k Odd Tree to Solve The Collatz Conjecture Problem

Authors: Baoyuan Duan
Comments: 13 Pages.

Build a special identical equation, use its calculation characters to prove and search for solution of any odd converging to 1 equation through (*3+1)/2^k operation, change the operation to (*3+2^m-1)/2^k, get a solution for this equation. Furthermore, analysis the sequences produced by iteration calculation during the procedure of searching for solution, build a weight function model, prove it monotonically decreases, build a complement weight function model, prove it has many chances to increase to its convergence state. Build a (*3+2^m-1)/2^k odd tree, prove if odd in (*3+2^m-1)/2^k long huge odd sequence can not converge, the sequence must walk out of the boundary of the tree after infinite steps of (*3+2^m-1)/2^k operation.
Category: General Mathematics

[2] viXra:2304.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2023-04-04 06:46:03

Estimation of Derivatives by the Method of Differenceless Derivatives

Authors: Yuri Mahotin
Comments: 5 Pages.

We have developed a numerical algorithm called differenceless derivatives which allows us to calculate an unlimited number of derivatives. One of the applications of this algorithm is theextrapolation and prediction of functions in a wide range of arguments, which can be used in various fields of science and technology.
Category: General Mathematics

[1] viXra:2304.0012 [pdf] submitted on 2023-04-02 19:59:51

Exploring the Turing Complete Universe: Implications for Universe Generators and Optimal Policy Autonomous Games in Addressing the Fundamental Question of Existence

Authors: Thiago M. Nóbrega
Comments: 11 Pages.

This paper delves into the concept of a Turing complete universe, exploring its implications for the best policy zero player game and addressing the fundamental question of why anything exists or how something has always existed. I begin by examining the potential of a Turing complete universe to construct a universe maker, a recursive loop of universes within universes. Subsequently, I investigate the implications of this universe maker in creating a best policy zero player game, assessing its potential to answer the fundamental question of existence.Furthermore, I evaluate the possible applications of this research, such as generating new universes and probing the boundaries of reality. Lastly, I contemplate the potential implications and applications of this research, including the possibility of unraveling the mysteries of the universe and addressing the age-old question of existence. While this research holds the potential to offer insights into the nature of reality and the ultimate question, its theoretical nature necessitates a long-term research plan to further explore its implications.
Category: General Mathematics