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[6] viXra:2609.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-26 22:39:46
Authors: Taiwei Song
Comments: 21 Pages.
This paper briefly introduces The Geometry of Spacetime Structure. Starting from the fundamental logic of the Geometry of Spacetime Structure, it rigorously proves that the Standard Model of particle physics is a necessary corollary of this theory, establishes the characterizing equations for the full spectrum of high-energy particle transient states, and accurately derives the energy levels of all known high-energy particle transient states. Moreover, using only fundamental natural constants, it precisely determines such important natural parameters as the neutron—proton mass difference (1.2933 MeV) and the neutron decay lifetime (879 s). Unlike Quantum Field Theory, the Geometry of Spacetime Structure takes the visible and measurable stable proton and electron as the indivisible fundamental particles of nature with nonzero mass, whose mass, charge, and spin are all intrinsic quantum invariants of the spacetime structure. By employing an intuitive and concise quasi-4-dimensional spacetime motion geometry to reveal the laws of natural change, it not only unifies the fundamental interactions of nature but also unifies the related theoretical systems of physics and mathematics created for the purpose of revealing the laws of nature.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[5] viXra:2609.0069 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-23 23:34:03
Authors: Volodymyr Krasnoholovets
Comments: 28 Pages.
This work briefly reviews the main achievements of theoretical particle physics obtained using approaches based on symmetry and topology, and then highlights the weighty errors present in these theories. Particle theories are very abstract and developed within the framework of physical mathematics, which has no solid physical basis. However, real particles and real physical processes require finding a real basis on which fundamental physics should stand, and this is very important. The primary mathematical structure must be such that it is possible to apply mathematical physics to describe the physical picture of the world in real parameters that are actually present in particles and their interactions. It is precisely such a mathematical theory that is described in this work, the suitable geometry and topology are revealed, and references are provided to the corresponding physical theories developed by the author within the framework of mathematical physics, which already have a number of reliable experimental confirmations.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[4] viXra:2609.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-24 20:38:43
Authors: Hyoyoung Choi
Comments: 69 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
This study begins with the recognition that the Standard Model particle-antiparticle classification lacks a universal physical principle that determines the particle orientation of each charge-conjugate pair while grouping the proton, neutron, and electron into the same particle sector. Motivated by the weak-isospin doublet structure of weak fermion transitions, we introduce a new weak-isospin-based quantum number, N=2T_3L, where T_3L is the third component of left-handed weak isospin. States with N > 0 are assigned to the particle sector, states with N < 0 to the antiparticle sector, and states with N=0 to an N-neutral sector. In this classification, the proton and neutrino are particles, whereas the electron and neutron are antiparticles. The representative weak, hadronic, stellar, and early-Universe processes examined here consistently preserve the total additive N balance while redistributing N among different species. For fermion species defined by their left-handed weak-doublet orientation, the electroweak charge assignments give N=2Q−(B−L), where Q, B, and L denote electric charge, baryon number, and lepton number. Hence, for charge-conserving processes, exact additive N conservation requires ∆(B−L)=0. Accordingly, the same Universe that appears strongly particle-antiparticle asymmetric under the conventional classification is reinterpreted in the weak-isospin-based classification as a Universe in which positive-N and negative-N components cancel globally, yielding the global N-symmetry condition N_tot=0. This work further proposes a possible particle physics mechanism for the species-level particle-antiparticle and baryon asymmetry problems. A proposed N-conserving 1 → 3 decay process such as 'n̄ →p + e^− + ν_e' can generate, in a single decay event, the asymmetry direction required to account for the present cosmic particle abundance pattern, (δ∆p, δ∆n, δ∆e, δ∆ν) = (+1, +1, +1, +1). Related 2 → 2 scattering processes such as 'n̄ + e^+ → p +ν_e' and 'n̄ + v̄u2091 → p +e- ' produce the same asymmetry direction. Accordingly, this work recovers global particle-antiparticle symmetry through the N=2T_3L classification and proposes a possible solution to the species-level particle-antiparticle asymmetry through new N-conserving particle-conversion processes. The proposed mechanism can be tested directly through searches for N-conserving 1 → 3 decay and 2 → 2 scattering channels and their CP-conjugate rate asymmetries, while cosmic neutrino asymmetry, B−L violation, and the nature of neutrinos provide additional tests of the broader framework.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[3] viXra:2609.0055 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-19 23:04:30
Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 11 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Further repetition will not be accepted))
By combining the quark model and the atom-like structure of baryons described in the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) we have described the solar neutrino problem and generations of quarks. According to SST, there is a similarity of shapes and equality of mass ratios of the components of the three fundamental cores, i.e. of the core of lightest neutrinos, core of baryons, and the core of the Protoworld that was composed of dark matter. Within such a similarity we described the origin of the large mixing angle 33.089 degrees and the origin of the mass-squared splitting that define the solar neutrino oscillations. In our description, there appears imaginary mass and activation of the solar neutrino oscillations that can be damped. We showed that survival probability for the solar electron-neutrinos decreases from 1/2 at low energies of the electron-neutrinos (it is a mean value) to 1/3 for electron-neutrino energy equal to or higher than 9.345 MeV. We also described the atmospheric neutrino oscillations. SST leads to a minimum in the curve describing the dependence of the survival probability on neutrino energy for the atmospheric muon-like neutrinos for ∼500 km/GeV — it is consistent with experimental data. From SST follows that there are three generations of leptons and four generations of quarks and that the eight quarks combine into four pairs, i.e. d and u, s and c, b and t, and b’ ≈ 2.68 TeV and t’ ≈ 14.76 TeV. We described also the dark-matter (DM) field.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[2] viXra:2609.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-13 09:32:25
Authors: Volodymyr Krasnoholovets
Comments: 24 Pages.
In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the authoris applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from spaceconsidered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological balls, and induces adeformation coat in its surrounding. The principles of the interaction of particleswith space and through space between themselves are considered in detail. Theapproach states that real quarks possess only an integer charge (±e) and whenmoving they periodically change to the monopole state (⇄g) and hence, canonicalparticles are dynamic dyons. A neutrino emerges as a squeezed quark when it isin a monopole state, or in other words, the quark monopole state (a bubble in thetessellattice) is transferred to the appropriate lepton monopole state (a speck in thetessellattice). The self-mass (a ‘rest’ mass) for each neutrino flavour is calculated.The calculated value of the self-mass for the electron anti-neutrino is 1.222874 × 10^{−36} kg = 0.69893 eV/c^2. The concept of neutrino oscillations is revised, and another postulation is proposed, namely, that the transition from lighter to heavier flavours is due to the inelastic scattering of neutrinos on oncoming scatterers. As a result, the neutrino captures the mass defect, becomes heavier, and therefore the transitions ν_e → ν_µ and ν_µ → ν_τ occur; thus, the number of light neutrinos decreases in the neutrino flux studied.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
[1] viXra:2609.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2026-09-06 21:45:10
Authors: Volodymyr Krasnoholovets
Comments: 49 Pages. Journal of Advanced Physics 5, No. 2, 145—167 (2016). DOI: 10.1166/jap.2016.1232
This paper reviews major approaches to the description of subatomic particles, suchas leptons, quarks, hadrons and nucleons. Among these approaches are quantum chromodynamics, soliton models, bag models and others. The main accent is on a theory of thereal physical space that acts as a scene on which all high-energy events take place. Wediscuss how a lepton and quark appear in the space constituted as a tessellation lattice ofprimary topological balls — the only structure that mathematics (i.e. set theory, topologyand fractal geometry) offers to the constitution of ordinary physical space. Since leptonsand quarks emerge in the tessellattice from a topological ball, they must interact withthis substrate. The principles of the interaction of subatomic particles with space andthrough space between themselves are considered in detail. The approach: i) states thatreal quarks possess the integer charge ±e and they periodically change to the monopolestate (hence, canonical particles are dynamic dyons); ii) naturally solves the problem ofconfinement of quarks; iii) reveals the dynamics of quarks in hadrons; iv) discloses an innerstructure of the proton and neutron; v) calculates the radius of the proton; and vi) derivesthe nuclear forces as the result of both direct coalescence of surfaces of the nucleons andthe overlapping of spatial excitations (named inertons) generated by the nucleons at theirmotion through the tessellattice. Experimental results showing nuclear transformationsin samples affected by artificially generated inerton fields are demonstrated.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics
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