High Energy Particle Physics

1806 Submissions

[30] viXra:1806.0466 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-30 09:39:07

Great Unification Theory :A Solution

Authors: Jean Claude Dutailly
Comments: 94 Pages.

The paper presents a unified model representing the gravitational, electromagnetic, weak and strong fields, fermions and bosons, in the Geometry of General Relativity. It is based on a group belonging to the Clifford algebra Cl(C,4), acting on the algebra itself. It uses an original real structure on the Clifford algebra, accounting for the physical specificities of the geometry. An explicit expression of the group, its action and of the vector states and charges of the known fermions is given. Bosons are represented as discontinuities in the derivative of the potential of the force field. No additional dimension, physical object or exotic property are required. The model appears as the continuation and extension of the Spinor model of Mechanics which holds at any scale.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[29] viXra:1806.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-29 08:39:31

The Standard Model Hadrons Quark Confinement and Photons

Authors: Claude Michael Cassano
Comments: 9 Pages.

An examination of fermion interactions, hadrons, hadron interactions, and hadron decay processes are analyzed via E/B field S_sub_R matrix architecture.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[28] viXra:1806.0455 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-29 09:45:59

Demonstrating the Necessary Existence of the Higgs Family of Bosons for Balanced Neutron to Proton, Electron and Neutrino Phase Transformation

Authors: Luke Kenneth Casson Leighton
Comments: 4 Pages.

Matching existing data (in this case what is known as "decay models") is a critical part of a new theory's viability. Up until this paper the Extended Rishon Model phase transforms (aka "decay models") for the neutron to proton, electron and neutrino have not properly matched. This paper therefore describes a breakthrough which sucessfully creates a sequence of phase transforms, that, in the process, require the existence of a family of Higgs Bosons (known in ERM terminology as ultra-proton and ultra-neutron). Importantly and paradoxically, energy (i.e. phases) are completely conserved during the creation (and destruction) of intermediary particles. Prior logical reasoning and deduction is thus invalidated.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[27] viXra:1806.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-29 01:48:40

Big Bang and Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 56 Pages.

At the Japanese Research Center for Particle Physics KEK, the new particle accelerator experiment Belle II started operation after eight years of construction. [30] Astrophysicists from the University of Surrey and the University of Edinburgh have created a new method to measure the amount of dark matter at the centre of tiny "dwarf" galaxies. [29] A research team of multiple institutes, including the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and University of Tokyo, released an unprecedentedly wide and sharp dark matter map based on the newly obtained imaging data by Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[26] viXra:1806.0416 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-27 11:08:22

Nobelium with Laser Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

For the first time, this technique was now extended to precisely measure the optical excitation of atomic levels in the atomic shell of three isotopes of the heavy element nobelium, which contain 102 protons in their nuclei and do not occur naturally. [27] In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17] Physicists from Trinity College Dublin's School of Physics and the CRANN Institute, Trinity College, have discovered a new form of light, which will impact our understanding of the fundamental nature of light. [16]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[25] viXra:1806.0388 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-06 23:26:34

Cl(16): Bivector+half-Spinor E8 and Trivector Fr3(o) E8 Gives 8D and 4D Kaluza-Klein Lagrangian Fr3(o) Gives Cl(1,25) Aqft

Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
Comments: 205 Pages.

Our Universe orginated and evolves according to David Finkelstein’s process of Iteration of Real Clifford Algebras. Cl(16) contains E8 (as BiVectors + half-Spinors)and 10 copies of Fr3(O) (as TriVectors). The remaining 65,536 - 248 - 560 = 64,728 elements carry Information in Penrose-Hameroff Microtubule Quantum Consciousness. Fr3(O) gives 26D World-Line=String Cl(1,25) and AQFT based on E8 Lagrangian with Schwinger Sources whose Internal QuasiCrystal Structure encodes Symmetric Space - Complex Bounded Domain - Shilov Boundary data for calculation of Force Strengths, Particle Masses, etc, and whose External Indra Net BlockChain Structure describes the Unity of Our Universe as a Quantum Consciousness in the Bulk of the Complex Bounded Domain that mirrors our individual Quantum Consciousnesses in the Shilov Boundary that is our Physical Spacetime.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[24] viXra:1806.0382 [pdf] replaced on 2021-09-27 13:19:47

Angle of 18 Degrees for Long Lived Elementary Particles

Authors: Yuri Danoyan
Comments: 2 Pages.

An unheeded link revealed between the values of mass some elementary particles at an angle of 18 degrees. Shown the relationship 18 degrees with Golden ratio.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[23] viXra:1806.0373 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-26 05:32:25

Derivation of the Local Lorentz Gauge Transformation of a Dirac Spinor Field in Quantum Einstein-Cartan Theory

Authors: Rainer W. Kühne
Comments: 6 Pages.

I examine the groups which underly classical mechanics, non-relativistic quantum mechanics, special relativity, relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics, quantum flavourdynamics, quantum chromodynamics, and general relativity. This examination includes the rotations SO(2) and SO(3), the Pauli algebra, the Lorentz transformations, the Dirac algebra, and the U(1), SU(2), and SU(3) gauge transformations. I argue that general relativity must be generalized to Einstein-Cartan theory, so that Dirac spinors can be described within the framework of gravitation theory.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[22] viXra:1806.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-24 12:43:34

E8 Physics: Results and Origins

Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
Comments: 115 Pages.

My view of the Origins of E8 Physics is that its basic structure of Real Clifford Algebras was known in Ancient Africa and reflected in the Giza Pyramids as of 36,000 years ago, and that is only very recently have understanding of Math and Experiment advanced far enough to rediscover the Algebraic Quantum Field Theory of E8 Physics. This is an outline of my view of the Results of E8 Physics calculations of Force Strenghts, Particle Masses, ... etc and my view of the Origins of its ideas. It is 115 pdf pages that are intended to be presented as a slide show. For details, see viXra 1804.0121.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[21] viXra:1806.0337 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-22 06:40:33

Quark-Gluon Plasma Quantum Rotation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 71 Pages.

Quark-gluon plasma is formed as a result of high-energy collisions of heavy ions. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. [39] "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[20] viXra:1806.0291 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-21 01:02:54

An Interesting Prediction Regarding Anti­-8be

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

a brief review of my prediction about anti-8Be
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[19] viXra:1806.0287 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-21 03:36:43

Particle Nature of Light and It’s Interaction with Matter

Authors: Arjun Dahal
Comments: 8 Pages. ©2017-2018 Journal of St. Xavier's Physics Council

Following the Einstein’s 1905 paper on photoelectric effect, the concept of particle nature of light took birth in the physics community, which stated that light is composed of many small particles known as photons. When the light or any electromagnetic radiation with high frequency strikes on the metal surface, it emits photoelectrons from the metals. Similarly when X-rays are incident on elements with low atomic number, elastic interaction takes place resulting in change in the wavelength of scattered beam along with the change in direction. Further, when γ-rays interact with matter, then it gets disappeared and converts itself into electron-positron pair known as pair production. Through this article we have attempted to study the particle nature of light and how it interacts with matter under the certain conditions to form new physical phenomena, and their applications to determine the crystal structures, Gravitational Red shift, Information on Black Holes and for Medical purposes.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[18] viXra:1806.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-21 06:09:24

The Standard Model Architecture and Interactions

Authors: Claude Michael Cassano
Comments: 6 Pages.

Based on my 1984 linearization of the Klein-Gordon equations, potential functions generalizations of the electric and magnetic field strengths form a basis from which a compound model simply constructs the leptons; the simple differences between the quarks and leptons; how the quarks arose from the leptons; why there are these two types of fermions; and why there are precisely three generations for each of these types. The most elementary particle interactions classify the interactions between strong and weak, and further still between the W and Z type of weak interactions. Two simple conservation requirements give rise to all the fundamental particle interactions, and describe the structure of the weak intermediate envelopes. Further, a simple charge function determines the charge of every object. Further still, the only free assignable parameters for the entire model are four mass constants for each fermion generation. This is essentially a summary of my book: "A Mathematical Preon Foundation for the Standard Model"; but starting from the different standpoint of my Helmholtzian operator matrix product, rather than my constructive algebras (developed primarily in "Reality is a Mathematical Model" and "The Weighted Matrix Product").
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[17] viXra:1806.0278 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-15 06:57:00

Detecting Clumps in Atomic Nuclei

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17] Physicists from Trinity College Dublin's School of Physics and the CRANN Institute, Trinity College, have discovered a new form of light, which will impact our understanding of the fundamental nature of light. [16] Light from an optical fiber illuminates the metasurface, is scattered in four different directions, and the intensities are measured by the four detectors. From this measurement the state of polarization of light is detected. [15]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[16] viXra:1806.0260 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-16 06:38:56

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 75 Pages.

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment or DUNE is a U.S.-led international experiment that focuses on neutrinos, subatomic particles that may offer an answer to the lingering mystery of the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[15] viXra:1806.0255 [pdf] replaced on 2021-03-15 19:41:23

Stabilized QFT: Verification Supplement

Authors: Clyde Dean Chlouber
Comments: 37 Pages.

This paper does two things: (1) it recaps the method of stabilized amplitudes that resolves divergence issues in QFT without infinite charge and mass renormalizations, and (2) it presents a detailed case study which verifies that stabilized amplitudes agree with renormalization for radiative corrections in Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[14] viXra:1806.0234 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-18 07:21:24

Deeper Into the Stuff of the Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 57 Pages.

University of Virginia physicists have recently played key roles in new particle physics discoveries. [22] A new result from the Q-weak experiment at the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility provides a precision test of the weak force, one of four fundamental forces in nature. [21] The most surprising result from beta decay is that nature is not ambidextrous, but is "left-handed." [20] This week, a group of scientists working on the MiniBooNE experiment at the Department of Energy's Fermilab reported a breakthrough: They were able to identify exactly-known-energy muon neutrinos hitting the atoms at the heart of their particle detector. [19] In a study published in Physical Review Letters, collaborators of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR, an experiment led by the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, have shown they can shield a sensitive, scalable 44-kilogram germanium detector array from background radioactivity. [18] The study has put the most stringent limits on the probability of a rare event—a neutrinoless double beta decay of tellurium-130 nuclei. This event can only occur if a neutrino can be its own antiparticle. [17] While these experiments seem miniature in comparison to others, they could reveal answers about neutrinos that have been hiding from physicists for decades. [16] In a paper published today in the European Physical Journal C, the ATLAS Collaboration reports the first high-precision measurement at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the mass of the W boson. [15] A team of researchers at the University of Michigan has conducted a thought experiment regarding the nature of a universe that could support life without the weak force. [14] The international T2K Collaboration announces a first indication that the dominance of matter over antimatter may originate from the fact that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently during those oscillations. [13]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[13] viXra:1806.0190 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-13 06:14:48

Satanic Conspiracy at the RHIC

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

a critical review of arXiv ref 1507.07158 and recommendations
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[12] viXra:1806.0156 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-11 07:17:13

Find the Mass of Neutrino

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 68 Pages.

Researchers in Germany have started collecting data with a 60 million euro ($71 million) machine designed to help determine the mass of the universe's lightest particle. [39] By analyzing data collected over eight years ago, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory have made a potentially groundbreaking discovery. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[11] viXra:1806.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-12 03:17:41

Revolutionary Accelerator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 73 Pages.

Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[10] viXra:1806.0141 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-10 06:50:21

Hadronic Fission and Tetraquark Particles

Authors: Peiman Ghasemi
Comments: 3 Pages.

Hadronic fission and fusion equations
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[9] viXra:1806.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-08 09:21:35

Enhancing Particle Beam

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 69 Pages.

The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[8] viXra:1806.0084 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-07 21:41:11

Piercing the Veil of Modern Physics. Part 3 & Superconductivity (in Chinese)

Authors: DING Jian, HU Xiuqin
Comments: 43 Pages. I firmly believe that a single spark can start great creative conflagrations.

This article (Superconductivity chapters) as the third part of the full text, at the level of electro-ultimate particles, is the result by virtue of superconductivity to further research: 1. The electro-ultimate particle renders as the negative charge of one unit, which is a unified body. It is made up of both the ultimate particle portion of possessing one unit positive charge and the negative charge portion that renders as two units. All the mass is concentrated in the ultimate particle portion, the mass of the charge portion is equal to zero but cannot exist on its own, so it can only belong to the category of the "electro-hole". The two are the most fundamental matter and antimatter. When they meet, the process of converting into the electro-ultimate particle is annihilation. 2. It can be inferred that the ultimate particles and "being emptiness" are the most fundamental existence in reality. An ultimate particle existing in this being emptiness, around it there will be accordingly to render as the characteristics of negative charge. This is the most fundamental charge layer, but also the root cause of spin. It also means that the number of all matter and antimatter in the universe must be equal. Furthermore, the interaction between the ultimate particle and charge portion follows Lenz's law. This is the root cause of inertia. And the change of the two that there is a logical order, so there is also sure to be a time lag. This is the root cause of wave. 3. Inside every one of high-density particles, the adjacent ultimate particles are already in contact with each other closely. According to the Meissner effect, all of the charges can only be attached to the surfaces of them to moving at high speed. This is the charge layer. And each high-density particle can only possess one charge layer. 4. A high-density particle is located in a certain position of the conductor structure and only responsible for transferring charges, which is the superconducting state at the microscopic level. This means that all of those particles, entities and even celestial bodies, as long as formed only by two kinds of nuclear forces (whose essence is electromagnetic force), they themselves should be superconductors at almost all temperatures. 5. The first kind of nuclear force exists in the interior of high-density particles. There are powerful repulsive forces between the ultimate particles which are already in contact with each other. At the same time, they are also subject to the electromagnetic binding force generated by the charge layer. These powerful repulsive forces, are precisely the root cause of electromagnetic radiation. And the spin dominated by the charge layer also becomes an intrinsic property of high-density particles themselves. The result is that with the charge layer as the boundary, its inside and outside acting forces have reached a dynamic balance. This is the root cause of de Broglie's matter wave. Its internal mechanism, like a very tight tug-of-war competition, the balance point between the two sides is always in a reciprocating swing state. 6. The second kind of nuclear force is less powerful than the former. As there are shared parts between the charge layers of adjacent high-density particles, the combined action of the electric field force and superconducting electromagnetic force can also confine a certain degree of internal binding energy. The fission or decay of an atomic nucleus is related to this. 7. Inside an atomic nucleus, the main component of the gluon is the charges. Its so-called bundling function is two kinds of nuclear forces. And the quark has only one charge layer, which is formed by the charges in the gluon. Therefore, the quark is a relatively large high-density particle, whose shape is like a pile of tree roots and there are different spins at different locations. As for neutrons or protons, they themselves are two forms of the existence of quarks. 8. The single charge layer is the lack of resistance to those high-density particles or entities with positron features, which come from both the inside and outside sides at the same time. This will provide the possibility for us to reasonably control and use the nuclear energy with the highest mass-energy ratio in the universe. 9. The so-called magnetic field lines, whose essence is the electro-ultimate particles or the stream of charged particles derived therefrom. And electromagnetic radiation should be the root cause of the growth of all things. The evolution of the universe is derived from such a microscopic physical phenomenon, and from the quantitative to qualitative change results. 10. In the interior of the Earth, a great deal of electromagnetic radiation is generated at every moment. This is the root cause of our global warming and earthquakes. In which there is shorter wavelength part, that is, the main body of energy is converted into geothermal heat. And only the far infrared light with relatively longer wavelength can pass through the Earth's crust and even radiate into the space. Therefore, it can be through satellite scanning to establish the dynamic far-infrared spectrum of Earth's crust that changes over time. In this way, both the geothermal resources can be rationally utilized and it is also beneficial to prevent the occurrence of earthquakes.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[7] viXra:1806.0071 [pdf] replaced on 2020-02-05 16:13:12

The Relation of Electric and Magnetic Field Laws to Matter Laws

Authors: Jeff Yee, Lori Gardi
Comments: 16 pages

The equations for calculating the energy and forces of matter are shown to be the equivalent of the equations for calculating electric and magnetic field energy and forces. The laws are equivalent when expressed mathematically for a single electron particle as it is the commonality between matter and the electric/magnetic fields.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[6] viXra:1806.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-06 02:17:46

Mono-Energetic Neutrinos

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 67 Pages.

Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31] The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX) at the University of Washington in Seattle has finally reached the sensitivity needed to detect axions if they make up dark matter, physicists report today in Physical Review Letters. [30]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[5] viXra:1806.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-04 07:11:47

Antineutrino Oscillation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 64 Pages.

Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31] The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX) at the University of Washington in Seattle has finally reached the sensitivity needed to detect axions if they make up dark matter, physicists report today in Physical Review Letters. [30] Now our new study – which hints that extremely light particles called neutrinos are likely to make up some of the dark matter – challenges our current understanding of its composition. [29]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[4] viXra:1806.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-04 09:10:35

Lepton Colliders

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

Lepton Colliders "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31] The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX) at the University of Washington in Seattle has finally reached the sensitivity needed to detect axions if they make up dark matter, physicists report today in Physical Review Letters. [30]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[3] viXra:1806.0040 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-04 09:53:44

Higgs Boson and Top Quark

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

Higgs boson decaying into bottom quarks. Now, scientists are tackling its relationship with the top quark. [9] Usha Mallik and her team used a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to help build a sub-detector at the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, located in Switzerland. They're running experiments on the sub-detector to search for a pair of bottom quarks— subatomic yin-and-yang particles that should be produced about 60 percent of the time a Higgs boson decays. [8] A new way of measuring how the Higgs boson couples to other fundamental particles has been proposed by physicists in France, Israel and the US. Their technique would involve comparing the spectra of several different isotopes of the same atom to see how the Higgs force between the atom's electrons and its nucleus affects the atomic energy levels. [7] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[2] viXra:1806.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2018-06-03 06:48:48

Cause Analysis of Magnetic Moment Anomaly of Electron Family Divergence Between Electromagnetic Force and Weak Nuclear Force

Authors: Zhengdong Huang
Comments: 40 Pages.

The paper aimed to analyze the decay mode of 253 kinds of electron particles and one kind of collision reaction in order to discover the objective existence of the decay state of the electron particles. Meanwhile, the paper also intended to research the cause of the magnetic moment anomaly of the electron to obtain the theoretical value of g, and this value was compared with the experimental value: the two values have 12 significant figures as the same, and the error is within 5.3E-13. Furthermore, the proposed method was compared with QED method for advantage and disadvantage analysis in the aspects of action type, theoretical accuracy of magnetic moment anomaly, particle state, basic reaction type, potential energy form, formula for magnetic moment anomaly of electron and seven major items of detail. The proposed method is superior in all above aspects and can effectively avoid the three problems exposed in QED method, namely: intrinsic property explanation by external factors, inconsistence between μ theoretical value and experimental value and point state difficulty, so the proposed method becomes the most reasonable theory for explaining the magnetic moment anomaly of electron.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[1] viXra:1806.0019 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-06 05:08:44

Preceding: Atomic Internal Gravitational Waves and Shock Waves: Electromagnetic Charge Cannot Hold a Positron Near a Proton Both with Positive Charges, But the Gravitational Waves Make it Possible

Authors: Peiman Ghasemi
Comments: 3 Pages.

Mostly, the destructive force of internal (atomic) wave-particles that we call microscopic shock waves emitted by the nuclei at most, and lastly the external (galactic gravitonic, and photonic) wave-particles towards the nuclei, is affectionate to make them unstable. A higher rate of energy that would increase the internal energy of atoms and so increases the energy of these sub-atomic particles, and also what we call higher entropy (higher energy dispersal), both cause the powerful microscopic shock waves, coming from sub atomic wave-particles. Shock waves are not much strong for atomic objects, or celestial objects to get measured, meanwhile their destructive power potentially can destroy the nearby smaller and weakly confined objects.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics