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[5] viXra:2605.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2026-05-25 01:14:08
Authors: Daniel L. Jassby
Comments: 13 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: PPT format is not acceptable format; please cite and listed scientific references)
Fusion devices produce high-energy neutrons and ions by reactions between deuterons or between deuterons and tritons, but no one has ever converted the energy of fusion products to electricity. In 75 years of R&D no fusion system has produced one watt or one joule of electricity, while the device and its auxiliary systems consume multi-megajoules of electricity during each operating pulse. It’s possible that in the 2030’s one or morefusion devices may utilize clever stunts to produce a few watts, but even a modest demonstration of several kilowatts of electric output (while still consuming multi-megawatts) is two decades away. Producing net electric power from a fusion facility may never be possible because of the high power consumption of any fusion device and its auxiliary systems. The second most daunting hurdle to power production is that the burned and lost tritium fuel must be replenished in the fusion contraption itself. That is infeasible, partly because of shortcomings in "breeding" by fusion neutrons, but especially when inherently small burnup fractions result in unavoidable losses of the dispersing unburned tritium. The only practical fuel is deuterium alone. The difficulties of achieving ignition in deuterium, of developing adequate reactor technologies, and of finding pathways for reducing electricity consumption of reactor systems will push the realization of a prototype fusion power plant at least half a century away.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[4] viXra:2605.0070 [pdf] submitted on 2026-05-17 11:24:54
Authors: Jozsef Garai
Comments: 12 Pages.
Recipe for successful D/Pd Lattice Confinement Fusion in Electrolysis is suggested. The effects of magnetic field, laser excitation, and surface requirements of the Palladium cathode are discussed in detail.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[3] viXra:2605.0062 [pdf] submitted on 2026-05-16 20:24:32
Authors: Lucian M. Ionescu
Comments: 11 Pages. Essay submitted to the Gravity Research Foundation contest 2026.
Gravitational force is established as an average force resulting from quark field interactions, specifically functioning as a nuclear spin-spin interaction. This perspective is consistent with the Standard Model quark model of nucleons and the Nuclear Force Lagrangian. It was experimentally verified by Frederick Alzofon and theoretically predicted by a general framework based on the Standard Model. At present, a multitude of researchers have documented, based on experiment, the dependence of the Gravitational constant on the type of material, specifically on the nucleon content of the material’s nuclei. There is a critical need to extend the Stan- dard Model formalism with the appropriate interpretation of Nuclear Force resulting from a quark-to-quark tensorial interaction. By deriving the Gravitational constant as the electric permittivity for nucleon spin-to-nuclear spin polarization effects, we can reformulate the current Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) framework. This reformulation avoids pointwise premises regarding quarks, operating instead in the spirit of Einstein-Cartan connections with torsion for the Differential Geometry of the frame bundle, as in Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble Theory, which corresponds directly with Yang-Mills Gauge Theory based solely on the SU(2) gauge group.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[2] viXra:2605.0057 [pdf] submitted on 2026-05-15 21:39:04
Authors: Claude Pellerin
Comments: 7 Pages. EPJA-108887, Zenodo-10.5281.20200833 (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
While the standard shell model of the nucleus relies on highly complex, semi-empirical fitting parameters to estimate nuclear binding energies, the Hydrodynamic Vacuum Framework (HVF) approaches the nuclear landscape from a perspective of pure continuum fluid mechanics. In this paper, we report a remarkable empirical convergence: the masses of all 119 elements across the periodic table can be derived deterministically from a single, unified continuum expression representing the hydraulic interaction of nucleons with a superfluid substrate plenum. This single-equation continuum architecture evaluates continuously across all synthesized elements, matching the experimental AME2020 mass database from Hydrogen (Z=1) through to the predictive boundary horizon of Ununennium (Z=119) with a highly robust global average residual profile of -1.66%
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[1] viXra:2605.0025 [pdf] replaced on 2026-05-09 22:44:50
Authors: Udema Ikechukwu Iloh
Comments: 14 Pages. License: CCBY-NC-ND
From a theoretical viewpoint, this investigation examined fractional energy levels and velocities that surpass the speed of light in a vacuum. These phenomena have received limited attention. Using a classical framework, the study aims to validate these phenomena by computing relevant parameters using fundamental constants and their multiples in derived equations. The presence of fractional energy levels and superluminal velocities (SVs) is validated within a classical framework aligned with the mass-energy equivalence principle. SVs are directly proportional to the masses of fundamental and baryonic particles when the first energy level is set to one. Conversely, if a constant luminal velocity is considered, the irrational energy levels (n_i) are proportional to the square of the particles' masses. For example, the values for the proton and the top quark are 3.022436467 exp. (+8) and 556.3297886 exp. (+8) m/s, respectively. The corresponding energy levels are 1.0164718078 and 34,436.83251, respectively. With the first atomic energy level, the energy levels are equal to the corresponding atomic numbers. For each atomic number, the fractional energy levels are inversely related to the subluminal kinetic energy. From Z=1 to Z=4, however, the energy levels showed an increasing trend. Even though the classical theoretical framework considers the distance between two centers of mass, determining the mass radius of the proton remains a possibility at specific fractional energy levels for certain atomic numbers. Future research may explore achieving the proton's mass radius at higher atomic numbers and lower fractional energy levels (below 0.1).
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
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