Authors: Lucian M. Ionescu
Gravitational force is established as an average force resulting from quark field interactions, specifically functioning as a nuclear spin-spin interaction. This perspective is consistent with the Standard Model quark model of nucleons and the Nuclear Force Lagrangian. It was experimentally verified by Frederick Alzofon and theoretically predicted by a general framework based on the Standard Model. At present, a multitude of researchers have documented, based on experiment, the dependence of the Gravitational constant on the type of material, specifically on the nucleon content of the material’s nuclei. There is a critical need to extend the Stan- dard Model formalism with the appropriate interpretation of Nuclear Force resulting from a quark-to-quark tensorial interaction. By deriving the Gravitational constant as the electric permittivity for nucleon spin-to-nuclear spin polarization effects, we can reformulate the current Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) framework. This reformulation avoids pointwise premises regarding quarks, operating instead in the spirit of Einstein-Cartan connections with torsion for the Differential Geometry of the frame bundle, as in Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble Theory, which corresponds directly with Yang-Mills Gauge Theory based solely on the SU(2) gauge group.
Comments: 11 Pages. Essay submitted to the Gravity Research Foundation contest 2026.
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