Classical Physics

Explain the Photoelectric Effect and Derive the Planck Constant from the Perspective of Volatility

Authors: Demin Liu
Comments: 2 Pages. (Name correction made by viXra Admin - Please conform!)

When the photoelectric effect was discovered, it was found that only photons could explain the effect, so everyone thought that light was for particles.However, if light is a particle, it cannot explain the independent propagability of light，the particle velocity is superimposed with the emission source, and the loss of light is to loss the photon mass or the velocity.In order to solve these contradictions, I try to explain the photoelectric effect from the volatility of light.
Category: Classical Physics

Proof that the Center of Buoyancy is Equal to the Center of Hydrostatic Pressure (Part 3:) Submerged Circular Cylinder and Arbitrary Shaped Submerged Body

Authors: Tsutomu Hori, Manami Hori
Comments: 22 Pages, 2 Figures, 47 Equations, 62 References.
Published on the Bulletin of Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science in Japan, 2024 (June), Vol.64, No.1, pp.27~48, https://nias.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2000047.

We recently proved that " the center of buoyancy is equal to the center of hydrostatic pressure " for floating bodies. This subject was an unsolved problem in physics and naval architecture, even though the buoyancy taught by Archimedes' principle can be obtained clearly by the surface integral of hydrostatic pressure. Then we thought that the reason why the vertical position of the center of pressure could not be determined was that the horizontal force would be zero due to equilibrium in the upright state.

As a breakthrough, we dared to create the left-right asymmetric pressure field by inclining the floating body with heel angle. In that state, the forces and moments due to hydrostatic pressure were calculated correctly with respect to the tilted coordinate system fixed to the body. By doing so, we succeeded in determining the center of pressure. Then, by setting the heel angle to zero in order to make it upright state, it could be proved that the center of hydrostatic pressure is equal to the well-known center of buoyancy, i.e., the centroid of the cross-sectional area under the water surface.

As mentioned above, we have already proved this problem for rectangular and arbitrarily shaped cross-sections, and published them on this viXra.org in English. Following that, in the 2nd report, separate proofs for a semi-submerged circular cylinder and triangular prism were also published here. Thus, we have completed the proof for floating bodies, so in this 3rd report, we aim to prove for submerged bodies. We first prove for a submerged circular cylinder, and then apply Gauss's integral theorem to prove it clearly for an arbitrarily shaped submerged body.
Category: Classical Physics

Using Three [Plausible] Light-related Conclusions to [Attempt to] Explain 76 Light-related Physical Phenomena and Experimental Results

Authors: Xiaotao Peng
Comments: 48 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Future regurgitation/repetition will not be accepted)

Through my long-term research on dozens of physical phenomena and experimental results related to light, I have summed up three related conclusions, which respectively explain the nature of light, the law of interaction between light and medium, the nature of light speed and the main factors that determine light speed. At the same time, it also shows that many physical phenomena and experimental results related to light can be explained only by using the most basic Coulomb law and Biot-Savart law in electromagnetism. This paper uses these three conclusions to explain the following 76 common physical phenomena and experimental results related to light at the same time, and has achieved unexpected success. Please correct your mistakes if you are interested. At the same time, I hope to collect more questions related to light through this paper to further test the applicability, reliability and correctness of these three conclusions. If these three conclusions can explain more physical phenomena and experimental results related to light without exception, it can be proved that the closer these three conclusions are to objective reality, the closer they are to truth. These three conclusions will be more accurate, objective and true in understanding and summarizing the nature of light, the law of interaction between light and medium, the nature of light speed and the main factors that determine light speed.
Category: Classical Physics

Redefining Gravity

Authors: Felipe Wescoup
Comments: 14 Pages.

The purpose of this paper is to present a hypothesis that redefines gravity. The currentdefinition for gravity is: The natural force of attraction between any two massive bodies,which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional tothe square of the distance between them.The current definition explains the force of attraction between two massive bodies.Einstein’s well-known equation, E = mc2, relates mass and energy. So, this paperexpands upon that premise and proposes that gravity is not the force of attractionbetween two massive bodies but is rather the force of attraction between two energybodies.Gravity — the natural force of attraction between any two energy bodies, which is directlyproportional to the product of their energies and inversely proportional to the square ofthe distance between them.This proposed definition of gravity predicts the bending of light by a massive body. Andmay also be used to improve our understanding of how galaxies rotate. If supported byexperimentation, we may then be able to combine gravity into a Grand Unified Theory.
Category: Classical Physics

Computing Solid Angle Using Perimeter Points

Authors: Russell P. Patera
Comments: 8 Pages.

The solid angle of a region can be computed as the rotational transformation of an axis after its tip slews about the solid angle region once while its base remains fixed at the observer location. The transformation can be achieved by moving the tip of the axis from perimeter point to point sequentially using great circle arcs until it returns to its original orientation. This method works very well for spherical polygon shapes, but has reduced accuracy when the perimeter is curved. Increasing the number of points that define the perimeter improves accuracy but can also introduce numerical roundoff error. The proposed method uses both slewing and rotational motion of the axis to define the contour of the solid angle region more accurately. This new method results in greater accuracy while using fewer perimeter points. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the method.
Category: Classical Physics

The New Law of Motion — Revisited

Authors: Joseph Palazzo
Comments: 3 Pages.

In a previous paper a new law of kinematics was proposed: given an inertial frame, in every elastic collision, it will always be the case that after an elastic collision the higher kinetic energy body will lose kinetic energy and the lower kinetic energy body will gain kinetic energy. The arguments given came from similar arguments in Special Relativity with different observers in different inertial frames of reference and thermal equilibrium concepts. In this paper, we give a proof of this law that is more in line with simple conservation laws and mathematical logic.
Category: Classical Physics