Thermodynamics and Energy

1802 Submissions

[6] viXra:1802.0323 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-22 05:52:49

A Study on the Selecting Optimum Condition and Evaporation Temperatures for Four Geothermal Power Generation Systems Under Different Geofluid’s Conditions

Authors: Ri Un-Chol, * Kim Yong-Song, ,Kim Yong-Bae, Ri Chang Il, Ri Hye-Won, Yun Su-Bom
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this study, the optimum flash and evaporation temperatures have been selected for the following four geothermal power generation systems: single-flash system (SF), double-flash system (DF), flash-ORC system (FORC), and double-flash-ORC system (DFORC). The maximum net electricity generated is regarded as an objective function, with the pump and fan consumptions being taken into account. Under the given geofluid’s condition (T= 170℃; x= 0.2), the optimum flash temperature of SF, the optimum 2nd-stage flash temperature of DF, the optimum evaporation temperatures of FORC and DFORC are found to be 150℃, 100℃, 100℃, and 70℃, respectively. More geofluid’s conditions (T= 80~260 ℃ ; x= 0, 0.2, 0.4) have also been considered for the temperature optimization of each system. The optimization results are shown in Fig.4 which can be useful for engineering application.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[5] viXra:1802.0322 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-22 06:17:00

Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of Geothermal and Solar Energy Medium - low Temperature Combined Power Generation System

Authors: Ri Un-Chol, * Kim Yong-Song ,Kim Yong-Bae, Ri Chang Il, Ri Hye-Won, Kim Won-Zhu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Taking the capacity expanded geothermal and trough type solar power combined generation system as the research object, the temperature at outlet of the solar energy collection was estimated to obtain the optimum outlet temperature. Evaluation models for such indexes as generation efficiency, the increasing ration of power generation capacity and solar energy utilization fraction were set up to analyze the thermal performance of this system. By applying the Aspen Plus software, the geothermal-solar energy combine power generation system model for the geothermal power station in DPR of Korea was established. Moreover sensitivity analysis and optimization tool were used to calculate major parameters of this system, to obtain the best capacity expansion temperature, which is helpful to the system’s capacity expansion. The results show that, after the optimization, the generation power of the system was 4 044.5KW, the generation efficiency was 13.1% the hot water consumption was 94Kg/(KW•h), the steam consumption rate was 9.2Kg/(KW•h), the solar energy utilization percentage was 58.1% and the power generation increment ratio was 30.0%. Each performance index of the system enhanced significantly.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[4] viXra:1802.0272 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-19 13:20:01

Thermoelectric Materials

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16] Physicists have proposed a new type of Maxwell's demon—the hypothetical agent that extracts work from a system by decreasing the system's entropy—in which the demon can extract work just by making a measurement, by taking advantage of quantum fluctuations and quantum superposition. [15]
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[3] viXra:1802.0258 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-20 00:54:13

Temperature Differential Force

Authors: Patel Arvind Rajkumar
Comments: 5 Pages. Sir I have made a formula on inertia. I have proven it both practically and mathematically. I want to see it. Help me make it public.I have also worked on some other topics that are available on my blog. This is my blog address - arvinrajsun1999.blogspot.

In this research I have given Hypothesis and formulas of Temperature Differential Force and law of increase or loss.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[2] viXra:1802.0254 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-20 02:09:09

Law of Equality and Increase or Loss

Authors: Patel Arvind Rajkumar
Comments: 3 Pages. Sir I have made a formula on inertia. I have proven it both practically and mathematically. I want to see it. Help me make it public.I have also worked on some other topics that are available on my blog. This is my blog address - arvinrajsun1999.blogspot.

In this research I have given Law of Equality and 2nd law of Law of Increase or Lass. I have given Equation of Law of Equality and 2nd law of Law of Increase or Loss.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[1] viXra:1802.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2018-02-13 09:01:28

Thermodynamics in Quantum Territory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

Physicists have extended one of the most prominent fluctuation theorems of classical stochastic thermodynamics, the Jarzynski equality, to quantum field theory. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions. For example, in one-dimensional chains of atoms that emerge within a bulk sample, electrons can separate into three distinct entities, each carrying information about just one aspect of the electron's identity—spin, charge, or orbit. The spinon, the entity that carries information about electron spin, has been known to control magnetism in certain insulating materials whose electron spins can point in any direction and easily flip direction. Now, a new study just published in Science reveals that spinons are also present in a metallic material in which the orbital movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus is the driving force behind the material's strong magnetism. [10] Currently studying entanglement in condensed matter systems is of great interest. This interest stems from the fact that some behaviors of such systems can only be explained with the aid of entanglement. [9] Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the University of Cambridge in the UK have demonstrated that it is possible to directly generate an electric current in a magnetic material by rotating its magnetization. [8] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy