General Science and Philosophy

2603 Submissions

[2] viXra:2603.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-21 09:07:49

Information, Knowledge, and Intelligence as a Measure of Influence, Truth, and Efficiency

Authors: Friedrich Sösemann
Comments: 30 pages english, 30 pages german

The presupposed ontology describes a deterministic, digital world as interacting values in space and time. It defines properties, states, laws, and subjects. It thus makes it possible to describe information, knowledge, and intelligence as hierarchical relations and to propose measures of dependence on states, the truth of descriptions, and the efficiency of calculations. Describing objectifies storage, calculating objectifies thought.Besides clarifying and standardizing the still controversial terms, then the following conclusions are possible:For the truth of knowledge, not the same perception of the subjects is required, but only their temporal constancy.Despite the assumed determinism and universal causality, abstraction can lead to subjective chance and zero knowledge.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[1] viXra:2603.0077 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-15 19:59:14

Death Mechanism An Underlying Empowering System for Cosmic Evolution, Civilizational Trial-and-Error, and Ethical Revision

Authors: Xin Zhao
Comments: 16 Pages.

Based on an interdisciplinary perspective integrating astrophysics, evolutionary biology, civilizational sociology, and ethics, this paper constructs a progressive empowering model of the "cosmos-planet-civilization" three-level death mechanism. It systematically demonstrates that death is not the ultimate destiny of the universe and civilizations, but an underlying empowering mechanism running through materialcirculation, biological evolution, and civilizational advancement. The research shows that the death of stars and planets serves as the core engine of the matter-energy coupling cycle; through heavy element synthesis and celestial iteration, it lays the material foundation for the birth of life. The death of individual terrestrial organisms is a rigid link for planetary ecosystems to maintain low-entropyequilibrium, driving the evolutionary emergence of intelligent life through species iteration.The demise of early civilizations constitutes the trial-and-error threshold ofcivilizational evolution, providing empirical lessons for the ethical revision of maturecivilizations through costly practices. Combining empirical cases of the disappearanceof ancient civilizations, this paper clarifies for the first time the dialectical relationshipbetween "the empowering nature of death mechanisms" and "the autonomy of civilizational survival". It proposes that ethical revision is the core paradigm for civilizations to break through the trial-and-error destiny and master cosmic laws. The innovative value of thisresearch lies in breaking the traditional cognition of "death being opposed tocivilizations", reconstructing the death mechanism as a pre-empowering system forcivilizational evolution. It provides an interdisciplinary theoretical framework withboth scientific rigor and practical guidance for human civilization to achieve long-term survival through ethical revision and ultimately undertake the mission of delaying or reversing local heat death in the universe.
Category: General Science and Philosophy