General Science and Philosophy

The Errors of Statistical Hypotheses and Scientific Theories

Authors: Stephen P. Smith
Comments: 16 pages

The process of error recognition is explored first in statistics, and then in science. The Type II error found in statistical hypothesis testing is found analogous to Karl Popper�s �logical probability� that is intended to measure the likelihood that a scientific theory can avoid its refutation. Nevertheless, Popper�s reliance on deductive thinking is found detracting from his demarcation that separates science and metaphysics. An improved critical logic for science is presented that permits error recognition more broadly: for induction by Popper�s falsification principle; but also for deduction and emotionality. The reality of induction creates a limitation for a science that has not accommodated a fuller menu of error recognition. The reality of induction places limits of what can be known from empiricism, and this has philosophical implications.
Category: General Science and Philosophy