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[7] viXra:2408.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2024-08-22 23:33:51
Authors: khoruzhenko Vadim
Comments: 11 Pages.
My work represents a macroscopic generalization of the Kaluza-Klein theories for quantum systems, concerning the existence of an additional fifth dimension in our space. This allowed Kaluza to unify the descriptions of gravity and electromagnetism within a single mathematical structure. Later, Oskar Klein added a crucial element to Kaluza's theory by proposing that the fifth dimension is compactified into a very small circle with a radius on the order of the Planck length. Due to its minuteness, this dimension remains invisible at ordinary scales. Additionally, I drew upon ideas proposed by Feynman, who suggested using the concept of energy density in space to describe electromagnetic interactions at the quantum level within the framework of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). This theory helps explain how, at short distances, charge screening and renormalization occur due to interactions with virtual particles in the vacuum.In my work, I attempt to describe the observable effects at the macroscopic level, such as the electric interaction of charges and the gravitational interaction of massive bodies, through an intuitively understandable process of spatial disturbance. This disturbance is first expressed in the disruption of the uniform distribution of spatial density and then in the curvature of the spherically symmetric structure of the disturbance. In formulating my theory at a macroscopic level, which implies a statistical averaging of the processes described by Kaluza, Klein, and Feynman at the quantum level, I was primarily inspired by the ideas proposed by these scientists. I aimed to formalize their mathematical concepts into simple and intuitively understandable postulates, which lead to observable effects in macro-objects. One such effect is the attenuation of the electric field at short distances between charges, similar to the processes occurring at the quantum level. Based on innovative theoretical insights, this work provides yet another alternative confirmation of the Theory of Relativity regarding the equivalence of energy and mass of elementary particles.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] viXra:2408.0081 [pdf] submitted on 2024-08-18 12:43:55
Authors: E. P. J. de Haas
Comments: Pages. de Haas, E.P.J. (2025) Space Quantum Gravity. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 11, 567-578. doi: 10.4236/jhepgc.2025.112039.
In this paper I propose that the 'Hubble expansion' phenomenon is universal and isotropic and countered by space absorption as an activity of central massess. With mass sucking in space on the one hand and space expanding isotropically with the Hubble rate on the other hand, we get a continuous drift of space towards the central mass. We can define a critical distance from the central mass as the distance where the two effects are balanced. The cosmic density parameter is given a different, more local, interpretation because it now devides space into regions where absorption of space is dominant and regions where space creation is dominant. I add to this that at elementary particle level, the space absorption process is quantized and periodic, with the de Broglie internal frequency as the quantized space volume absorption frequency. This then leads to a mass independend quantized volume of space of approximately the size of the largest nuclei. De Broglie's subquantum gas is identified with space that is thus quantized. Nuclei occupy at most one single quantum bubble of space. Inside these quantized space bubbles, we have the physics of the weak and strong nuclear forces. In between quantizes space bubbles we have the physics of wave mechanics and gravity. The same process of quantized space cell absorption by elementary particles lies at the basis of both gravity on the macro level and wave mechanics on the meso level. It also produces inertia in a way that is, conceptually at least, somewhat similar to the Higgs mechanism by which elementary particles of the weak and strong interactions acquire mass. The concept of stochastic drift of quantized bubbles of space is a refined version of earlier 'velocity of space' approaches towards gravity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[5] viXra:2408.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2024-08-16 09:17:30
Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 19 Pages.
Recently we have argued [1] that the noncommutativity of the spacetime coordinates is the answer to the question : Why is area, mass, entropy quantized ? Furthermore, it casts light into a deep interplay among black hole entropy, discrete calculus, number theory, theory of partitions, random matrix theory, fuzzy spheres, ..... We extend our previous construction of Schwarzschild black holes and derive the corrections to the Kerr-Newman temperature and black hole entropy, to all orders, from the discrete mass transitions taken place among different mass states. The mass spectrum for Kerr, Kerr-Newman, and Reissner-Nordstrom black holes is explicitly obtained which reduces to the Schwarzschild case when the angular momentum and charge is set to zero. One of the most salient features in the expansion of the $modified$ temperature $ {cal T } = T + c_1{ T over N } + c_2 { T over N^2 } + ldots $ is that it spells a correspondence between the loop expansion in QFT in powers of $ hbar$, after setting $ hbar leftrightarrow ( 1/ N)$. $ N $ is the principal quantum number labeling the spectrum of mass states and which is given by $ N = l_3 ( l_3 + 2 ) - l_2 ( l_2 + 1) + l_1^2$, with $ l_3 ge l_2 ge | l_1|$ being the quantum numbers associated with the hyper-spherical harmonics of the three-sphere $ S^3$. These results can be extended to higher dimensions. To finalize, we should add that the deviation from a full thermal spectrum and the corrections to the Hawking temperature might be relevant to the solution of the Black Hole Information paradox.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[4] viXra:2408.0054 [pdf] replaced on 2025-01-19 14:31:57
Authors: Risto Raitio
Comments: 17 Pages. Published in Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 11, 96-109. doi:10.4236/jhepgc.2025.111009.
We review a 3d quantum gravity model, which incorporates massive spinning fields into the Euclidean path integral in a Chern-Simons formulation. Fundamental matter as defined in our previous preon model is recapped. Both quantum gravity and the particle model are shown to be derivable from the supersymmetric 3d Chern-Simons action. Forces--Matter unification is achieved.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[3] viXra:2408.0053 [pdf] replaced on 2024-08-15 14:57:01
Authors: Vadim Khoruzhenko
Comments: 29 Pages.
This paper proposes a new theoretical framework introducing a fifth spatial dimension, referred to as "space density," as a fundamental aspect affecting both gravitational and electric fields. While the properties of electromagnetic and gravitational interactions are well-studied empirically, their fundamental nature, interconnection, and the physical substance from which they arise remain elusive. This research explores the concept of "space density" in a five-dimensional space, hypothesizing that changes in this dimension can lead to phenomena analogous to gravitational and electric fields. Through a series of mathematical models, we demonstrate how the distribution of space density behaves around spherical objects and discuss the implications for classical field theories. Our findings suggest the need to reconsider the traditional view of space as merely metrically confined, proposing instead that space itself possesses inherent properties and degrees of freedom. This hypothesis opens up new possibilities for understanding fundamental interactions in the universe from both a physical and philosophical perspective. Based on innovative theoretical insights, this paper provides yet another alternative confirmation of the Theory of Relativity concerning the equivalence of energy and mass of elementary particles.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] viXra:2408.0052 [pdf] replaced on 2024-12-06 21:54:15
Authors: John Madocks
Comments: 46 Pages.
This paper presents a Theory of Everything (TOE). This theory aims to be a true TOE, one that accounts for all verified physical and human phenomenon. This theory shows our universe to be composed of several self-similar copies at scales descending in a logarithmic spiral sequence. As different as it is, this TOE is actually a grand simplification over current theories. Rather than different laws of physics applying to the atomic, human and cosmic scales, this TOE shows one set of laws applies to all scales. In doing this, incongruities between quantum physics and gravity are resolved and open fundamental questions are answered. For instance, this TOE successfully explains the flat rotation profiles of spiral galaxies and the fine structure constant.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[1] viXra:2408.0016 [pdf] submitted on 2024-08-05 21:00:52
Authors: Vadim Khoruzhenko
Comments: 20 Pages. khoruzhenkova@gmail.com (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)
In this paper, we explore a hypothetical model based on five-dimensional space, where we introduce the concept of "space density" (ho(r)), which plays a key role in the formation and understanding of the fifth dimension of space. We assume that changes in the fifth dimension, which we interpret as "space density," can lead to effects analogous to gravitational and electric fields. The paper discusses the fundamental postulates, the derivation of formulas for density distribution around one and two spheres, and their interpretation in the context of classical physical theories.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
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