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[9] viXra:2311.0154 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-28 23:03:18
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 46 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
The multi-fold theory factually encounters the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture. On the other hand, the conventional AdS/CFT conjecture can also be understood as a mathematical duality, where the CFT spacetime is not necessarily physically tangent to AdS(5) (+u2026). It can be justified as a particular case of the holographic principle. Therefore, the paper revisits, and derives the holographic principle, in a multi-fold universe. As General relativity (GR) encounters multi-folds at Planck scales, the proof applies to GR-based universes. We also debunk the use of Wheeler’s bag of gold as a counter example to the holographic principle.Trying to resolve the black hole information paradox, different teams have been able to recover the black hole Page curve, by relying on the replica trick with generalized semi-classical gravitational path integrals, in asymptotic AdS, with arbitrary topologies, including spacetime (Euclidian) wormholes in between replicas, to justifies paths in between the replicas. The approach also relies on the island formula for the von Neuman entropy as fine-grained entropy. One knows that the Page curve had to be recovered one way or another as with the AdS/CFT correspondence conjecture, the unitarity of CFTs implies unitarity of gravity. The quantum extremal surface that appears in the process, bounding the island, leads to proposed physical interpretations of a black hole interior, that, in our opinion creates confusions than answers. In the multi-fold theory, we have already encountered an equivalent surface, with a much cleaner microscopic interpretation. The paper discusses the differences between the two interpretations. A few recent papers reused the approach to study two entangled gravitating universes, with one possibly without gravity. This paper provides multi-fold inspired interpretations of the quantum extremal surfaces appearing among the disjoint universes.Interpreting the replica trick, and its wormholes, one can see that the role played by the wormholes between different replicas amounts to the multi-fold mechanisms.. This is further reinforced by considerations on global symmetry in the presence of gravity or wormholes. The islands associated to the different entangled universe use cases also imply that, in universes with gravity, entanglement implies gravity effects, which is also known as the E/G conjecture. It means that the M-theory encounters multi-folds. The multi-fold theory could have predicted such an outcome from the link between the Hilbert Einstein action and superstring action, and the fact that we already had GR encounter multi-folds at Planck scales.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[8] viXra:2311.0083 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-19 03:01:05
Authors: GuiHyeon Hwang
Comments: 8 Pages.
3-dimensional space bosons in their symmetrical five-dimensional field is the bending of four-dimensional space-time. 3D space bosons in their 5D field is in a stable state of energy. However, by the principle of time-energy uncertainty, their time become unstable.That explains Einstein's field equations in quantum mechanics. Because, the 5D field is ina state of flux, it's able to ascend to a higher dimension or to descend to a lower dimension.The dimensions are relatively asymmetrical. Therefore, their space bosons are relativelyin a stable state of time. This means that the probability of converting energy into matterincreases in space.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[7] viXra:2311.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-18 02:09:40
Authors: Holger Döring
Comments: 4 Pages.
Since the 1930‘s, when at first Goldstein tried to quantize the gravity-field of a light-beam and failed because he got infinities in his solution, the problem of non-renomalization in quantizing gravity occured. In the mean time till today many intelligent tryings are made to quantize gravity in a successful way. Some Supergravity-theories failed also. The most promising tryings nowadays are superstringtheories and loop-gravity but with some strange results. So here are some qualitative thoughts about quantizing gravity. There are then thirteen possibilities (may be more) respectively thirteen commandments.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] viXra:2311.0046 [pdf] replaced on 2023-11-17 13:37:54
Authors: Yeomyung Lee
Comments: 32 Pages.
Modern physics requires a new gravity theory to explain relationship about gravity and quantum effects. However, quantum mechanics have an unsolved problem about the interpretation. Also, theory of relativity cannot explain dark energy. Currently, there is no theory that can comprehensively solve these problems. Here, as a result of reinterpreting the concept of reduced mass, this paper shows that quantum superposition can be explained as the intersection of spacetime trajectories of each quantum according to gravitational potential. Spacetime which is absolute in relativity theory is relative in this theory, and it can be explained why the speed of light is independent from the inertial system. Additionally, because the classical mechanical energy conservation law is relative, as in the Casimir effect, a new conservation law for a quantum version is proposed. Dark energy can be explained by the theory that rest mass changes according to gravitational potential. Dark energy is an action along the dimension of gravitational potential, and its size increases as that of rest energy decreases. Dark energy affects quantum effects and the asymptotic freedom of strong interaction can be explained similarly.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[5] viXra:2311.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-07 05:17:33
Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 12 Pages.
Recently we have shown how the Schwarzschild Black Hole Entropy in all dimensions emerges from truly point mass sources at r = 0 due to a non-vanishing scalar curvature R involving the Dirac delta distribution in the computation of the Euclidean Einstein-Hilbert action. As usual, it is required to take the inverse Hawking temperature beta as the length of the circle S^1_beta obtained from a compactification of the Euclidean time in thermal field theory which results after a Wick rotation, i t = tau, to imaginary time. In this work we extend our novel procedure to evaluate both the Reissner-Nordstrom and Kerr-Newman black hole entropy from truly charge spinning point mass sources.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[4] viXra:2311.0018 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-04 14:34:04
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 20 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles, whether they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General Relativity (GR) at large scales and semi-classical models remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model resulting into what we define as SMG. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model without New Physics other than gravity, i.e. no new particles or forces, or with the standard cosmological model (ΛCDM) in terms of dark matter and dark energy. The present paper provides estimates for the ratios of normal matter to multi-fold dark matter effects (~ 1 to 5) and to dark energy (~ 1 to 14). These ratios match the estimates for our real universe, in particular the Λ-CDM model. Such results increase the relevance of multi-fold theory. To our knowledge, being able to predict such ratios, ab initio, i.e., solely based on the underlying microscopic mechanisms is not a small feat, and the reasonings presented in this paper, would not be applicable to ratio estimates from the other mainstream theories. It is a strong validation of the multi-fold theory, and its potential applicability to our real universe and its cosmology. It also validates the E/G conjecture with its proposal that entanglement creates gravity like effects.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[3] viXra:2311.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-04 00:19:43
Authors: Pastushenko Vladimir Alexandrovich
Comments: 3 Pages.
There is a goal of the Ultra-High Frequency Gravitational Wave Research Initiative: "Gravitational waves at frequencies above 10 kHz inevitably arise from something outside the physics of the Standard Model, such as exotic astrophysical objects or cosmological events in the early Universe." A very interesting goal, but with vagueideas about the causes of the appearance and properties of gravitational waves. Yes, there is a fact and experiments in detecting gravitational waves, in this case, astrophysical objects. But what is a gravitational wave in this case? There is an understanding that this is a periodic superimposition of "gaps" in space, in the direction of the source of such gravitational waves, that is, the rotation of two connected massive astrophysical objects, neutron stars, "black holes". It is even possible to build mathematical models of the rotation ofmassive spheres with a certain frequency, within the framework of certain equations. But mathematics answers the question HOW? And physics answers the question WHY? In the framework of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, we are talking about the curvature of space-time near a source of energy-momentum, massive spheres in this case.And here many questions arise.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] viXra:2311.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-02 19:01:18
Authors: Alexander P. Klimets
Comments: 39 Pages. (Abstract moved by viXra Admin to conform with the requirement of viXra.org
In the Collection "Quantum Gravity" the first article presents a new method for constructingquantum gravity, based on the equations of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. It is shown that the natural space-time boundary is the Planck length. A new uncertainty relation between the gravitational radius of a particle and its position has been found. The basic equation of quantum gravity has been stablished. The inevitable nature of the three-imensionality of space is shown. A hypothesis has been put forward about the nature of the singularities of black holes and the Metagalaxy. The second article establishes Bohr’s general principle of complementarity, its extension to other areas of reality and its philosophical significance. The last article builds a visual model of special relativity and shows its role in scientific knowledge.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[1] viXra:2311.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2023-11-01 13:44:36
Authors: Stephane H. Maes
Comments: 20 Pages. All related details of the projects (and updates) can be found and followed at https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/shmaes-physics-site-navigation/.
This paper clarifies section 4.1 of the original paper on gravity emergence from entanglement, distinguishing between examples and actual expectation for EPR entanglement of isolated EPR entangled particles. In that paper we started from a hypothetical multi-fold universe U_MF, where the propagation of everything is slower or equal to the speed of light and where entanglement extends the set of paths available to Path Integrals. This multifold mechanism enables EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) "spooky actions at distance" to result from local interactions in the resulting folds. It produces gravity-like attractive effective potentials in the spacetime, between entangled entities, that are caused by the curvature of the folds. When quantized, multi-folds correspond to gravitons and they are enablers of EPR entanglement. Gravity emerges non-perturbative and covariant from EPR entanglement between virtual particles surrounding an entity. In U_MF, we encounter mechanisms that predict gravity fluctuations when entanglement is present, including in macroscopic entanglements.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
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