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[11] viXra:2308.0191 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-29 14:07:51
Authors: Kris M. McKenna
Comments: 12 Pages.
This paper investigates potential unification between string theory and the dark energy ether hypothesis for gravity. String theory proposes vibrating one-dimensional strings as fundamental elements comprising the universe. Meanwhile, the ether hypothesis envisions a ubiquitous cosmic medium, the ether, which interacts with matter to create pressure gradients generating gravitational effects. Despite arising in different contexts, these two theories exhibit captivating parallels that could reveal deeper connections between the quantum and cosmological scales.The analysis explores several intriguing conceptual alignments between strings and the ether. Both theories propose an omnipresent substrate underlying physical phenomena — the higher-dimensional arena for vibrating strings or the cosmic ether medium respectively. Additionally, they both posit the interactions and disturbances of these substrates give rise to observable phenomena like forces and particles. The introduction of extra dimensions in string theory also finds resonance with the ether hypothesis, suggesting the ether inhabits a higher-dimensional space influencing our perceived 3D world. Most profoundly, the shared notion of disturbance creating observable effects hints at a deeper unity.Mathematically, potential avenues for unification include translating between the vibrations of strings and the proposed disturbances propagating through the ether. Equations describing string interactions could connect to those depicting matter displacing the ether and inducing pressure gradients. Identifying shared mathematical symmetries or structures may reveal foundational links. Geometrically modeling ether displacement in the extra dimensions of string theory could yield insights.By proposing concrete mechanisms grounded in the interplay between ether, strings, and higher dimensions, this conceptual synthesis aims to weave together gravity, quantum phenomena, and the cosmos through compatible dynamical frameworks. The resulting unified theory could reshape our understanding of spacetime, gravitation, and the forces permeating our universe. While challenges remain in empirically testing these ideas, the mathematical and conceptual resonances compel further exploration.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[10] viXra:2308.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-26 23:25:56
Authors: Paul S. Gee
Comments: 54 Pages. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
A theoretical model (Model OMG, Ongoing Mass Genesis) is presented that explains the nature and origin of matter, dark matter and dark energy and calculates energy densities matching the Planck mission data. The model is based on the FLRW cosmology but with continuing creation of equal amounts of positive and negative matter in a Null universe. Dark Energy is gravitational repulsion caused by negative matter, Dark matter is non-normal positive matter, including antimatter, in bosonic form but gravitationally attractive to normal matterThe model proposes a unified description of gravity and electric potential calculated using Bessel functions for the natural masses and electric charges of fermions, with mass quantisation correct to 2-4 significant figures. Apart from the mass of the electron there are no free parameters used in the theory which is essentially geometric. Matter is generated in a "chronoverse" containing eight orthogonal time-like directions, three describe the non-neutrino leptons residing on the surface of a unit radius "chronosphere", and encode mass, gravity, charge and an electroweak force. The fourth dimension governs the strong force and defines the quarks. Photons and neutrinos involve an 8D chronoverse. Each "chronotype" of particle is the same matter, differing only in chronosphere coordinates, possibly representing background-independent, intrinsic timelike quantum signatures. The gravitational behaviour of matter is attributed to a preon-like quark-constituent of mass 0.5766 MeV. The Planck fine structure constant is calculated and evidences the tritoelectron and tritopreon. Quarks have a substructure of constituent preons each consisting of three tritopreons creating a superposition of a greater number of virtual preons. The Model embodies a descriptive unification of the 4 forces in an overall 11-D spacetime. The continuing creation of matter proceeds from tritopreons via compound bosons dubbed Careyons and is statistically-controlled. The mass creation model is supported by correct prediction of the primordial H:helium-4 ratio.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[9] viXra:2308.0161 [pdf] replaced on 2023-09-03 14:07:53
Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 5 Pages.
The Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) is the lacking main part of the Theory of Everything (TOE). Here we show that the Gallo-Roman dodecahedron encodes the fundamental ideas on which the SST is based. It suggests contacts between earthly civilizations and representatives of advanced cosmic civilizations.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[8] viXra:2308.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-23 03:17:12
Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 18 Pages.
A brief introduction of the Extended Relativity Theory in Clifford Spaces (C-space) paves the way to the explicit construction of the generalized relativistic transformations of the Clifford multivector-valued coordinates in C-spaces. The most general transformations furnish a full mixing of the grades of the multivector-valued coordinates. The transformations of the multivector-valued momenta follow leading to an invariant generalized mass M in C-spaces which differs from m. No longer the proper mass appearing in the relativistic dispersion relation E^2 - p^2 = m^2 remains invariant under the generalized relativistic transformations. It is argued how this finding might shed some light into the cosmological constant problem, dark energy, and dark matter. We finalize with some concluding remarks about extending these transformations to phase spaces and about Born reciprocal relativity. An appendix is included with the most general (anti) commutators of the Clifford algebra multivector generators.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[7] viXra:2308.0100 [pdf] replaced on 2024-09-25 03:14:48
Authors: Sheng Li Zhang
Comments: 14 Pages.
This paper explores the possibility of unifying the four fundamental forces with dark matter and quantum entanglement. It was found that when dark matter has quantum entanglement, the dark matter vortex forms and the dark matter outside the vortex will expand. This will slow down the matter and dark matter being involved in the vortex. The dark matter inside the vortex will also expand under the effect of the rotating compression force. The expansion force is proportional to the internal rotation speed of the vortex. From the edge to the core, the expansion force increases with the increase of the rotational compression force, and the dark matter at the core expands the most. When matter spirals into the center of a vortex, it forms a compressive force through its spin, which compresses dark matter towards the core, creating a gravitational layer. Outside this gravitational layer, dark matter is compressed and expands, forming a high expanded zone with a diameter equal to the radius of the gravitational layer. This creates four concentric layers from the center to the outer edge of the vortex: the gravitational layer, the high expanded zone outside the gravitational layer, the expansion-compression zone, and the outer expansion zone of the vortex. The high expanded zone is within the expansion-compression zone. The smallest vortices have only the gravitational layer and the outer expansion zone, without the expansion-compression and high expanded zones. The largest vortex is the universe, which has no external expansion zone. The density of the gravitational layer and the outer expansion zone can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of dark matter vortices. This principle can also be used to control dark matter vortices for nuclear fission and fusion, create aircraft, and control and form celestial bodies and black holes.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[6] viXra:2308.0088 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-13 23:59:23
Authors: J. W. A. Zwart
Comments: 10 Pages.
Genesis, the creation of our cosmos in six times 24 hours with one day rest by super massive black holes, white radiators having a crossing time for the light speed over the event horizon of about 24 hours, can be derived by group symmetric considerations based on Monster symmetry. These scaling exercises were self consistent and prove the weak gravity initial condition for the universes. The alpha condition or the inflationary period of our cosmos for pseudo vector barons is confirmed by the scalar theory of conformal gravities by M.A. Thomas. The onset in opposing time symmetries confirms the Big Bang initial state of the group symmetry Monster number decomposing into 6.7 nano seconds, a compacted state for neutrons having an imaginary macro mass in the order of Jupiter with event horizon of one metre. The sequence of six days or 144 hrs arises from six time axes in an enclosed pyramid frame for coherent photon energy caused by gravity generation per universe maintaining these super massive black holes imbedded by Monster symmetry and ending the alpha condition in somewhat less than thousand years a long time ago. The omega condition is treated step wise which involved three topics, the scaling for the best choice matched to the calculations in ref1 for the initial black hole condition, M40 of about ten times solar, then the internal condition of the hollow super massive state adapted to the generalized concept of gravity generation by the ultra fast and ultra light mediating medium and as last the determination of the range of super massive black holes. All this is a strong possibility that explains these super massive entities as remnants of the galaxies in the twelve congruent universes of which the matter distribution is due to the group symmetric properties of dark matter.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[5] viXra:2308.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-11 23:07:14
Authors: Suresh K. Maran
Comments: 36 Pages.
The purpose of this article is to outline a framework of concepts and principles to combine quantum mechanics and general relativity so that time and measurement (reduction) are present as integral parts of the basic foundations. First, the problem of time in quantum gravity and the measurement problem in quantum mechanics are briefly reviewed and the popular proposals to tackle these two problems are briefly discussed. Next, on the already known foundations of quantum mechanics, a framework of principles of dynamics is built: 1) Self-Time Evolution - Newtons first law is reinterpreted to define time, 2) Local Measurement by Local Reduction - Quantum diffusion theory is adapted, and 3) Global Evolution by Global Reduction. Ideas on how to apply the framework to study quantum general relativistic physics are discussed. Further, more general and modified forms of some of these principles are also discussed. The theoretical elements in the framework to be made concrete by further theoretical and experimental investigations are listed. Revision information is included.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[4] viXra:2308.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-11 23:06:16
Authors: Suresh K. Maran
Comments: 40 Pages. First Published on Researchgate https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301835572_Quantum_Gravity_Framework_20_A_Complete_Dynamical_Framework_of_Principles_for_Quantization_of_General_Relativity
Developing Planck scale physics requires addressing problem of time, quantum reduction, determinism and continuum limit. In this article on the already known foundations of quantum mechanics, a set of proposals of dynamics is built on fully constrained discrete models: 1) Self- Evolution - Flow of time in the phase space in a single point system, 2) Local Measurement by Local Reduction through quantum diffusion theory, quantum diffusion equation is rederived with different assumptions, 3) Evolution of a multipoint discrete manifold of Systems through a foliation chosen dynamically, and 4) Continuum limit, and determinism are enforced by adding terms and averaging to the action. The proposals are applied to the various physical scenarios such as: 1) Minisuperspace reduced cosmology of isotropic and homogenous universe with scalar field, 2) Expanding universe with perturbation, and 3) Newtonian Universe. Ways to experimentally test the theory is discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[3] viXra:2308.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-11 23:05:35
Authors: Suresh K. Maran
Comments: 22 Pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28466.32960 Published on June 2021
In this paper we discuss quantum gravity framework 3.0, where we discuss relative time formulations. Applications of relative time formulations are discussed. The conventional Hamiltonian of bulk matter is derived from quantum gravity Hamiltonian. The derivation of Hamiltonians in the contexts of fields is briefly discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[2] viXra:2308.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-11 23:04:57
Authors: Suresh K. Maran
Comments: 22 Pages. First Publish on researchgate http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.15044.55688/1
In this paper I give a major update of quantum gravity framework project. The heuristic conceptual framework proposed in previous versions is expanded to include structure formation and consciousness in the universe. A Path Integral version of decoherence in curved space-time is introduced as major update. Then we discuss the philosophical insights into structure formation in the universe and consciousness. We introduce various mathematical concepts to describe structure formation in the universe and consciousness.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
[1] viXra:2308.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2023-08-05 00:36:58
Authors: Shanshan Zhao
Comments: 7 Pages.
Through observation and summary, the operating principle of energy was reasonably inferred, and on this basis, potential field theory was developed. Through the explanation and explanation of the basic concepts of potential field theory, the nature of temperature, wave—particle duality, electromagnetism, mass and motion, gravity and other phenomena is reasonably inferred. The main conclusion is that the existence of energy gradients is the fundamental cause of all phenomena. Some speculations: dark matter is energy with low energy intensity; when the coupling of energy in the flow will generate fluctuations (electromagnetic waves), that is, quantum fluctuation.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory
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