| viXra.org > Nuclear and Atomic Physics > 2503 |
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| viXra.org > Nuclear and Atomic Physics > 2503 |
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[6] viXra:2503.0193 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-31 03:00:47
Authors: Nigel B. Cook
Comments: 9 Pages.
This paper provides a comprehensive methodology for calculating blast wave attenuation in urban environments, focusing on energy conservation, building interactions, and predictions for different yields. It builds on historical data from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, extending to modern urban settings, and includes detailed calculations for 20 kt and 1 megaton yields, comparing open terrain and urban attenuation. The study ensures energy conservation through building absorption mechanisms and highlights the impact of higher yields on blast effects.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[5] viXra:2503.0172 [pdf] replaced on 2025-04-04 14:44:23
Authors: Gang Chen, Tianman Chen, Tianyi Chen
Comments: 8 Pages.
In our previous papers, we gave the formulas of the fine-structure constant and the speed of light in atomic units based on 2π-e formula and the natural end of the elements determined by us, i.e., the 112th element Cn*. In this paper, based on these formulas and the two approximate rates of π which are 22/7 and 335/113, we deduce new formulas of the fine-structure constant and the speed of light in atomic units. This is also to answer Richard Feynman’s question whether the fine-structure constant is related to π. Besides our previous formulas and explainations, our new additional answer is that it is also amazingly related to the approximate rates 77/2 and 335/113 which were proposed by the ancient Greek and Chinese mathematicians Archimedes (BC 287-212) and Chongzhi Zu (AD 429-500).
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[4] viXra:2503.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-27 02:25:31
Authors: Nigel Cook
Comments: 7 Pages.
The Castle Bravo test (15-megaton, March 1, 1954, Bikini Atoll) provides a benchmark for nuclear blast effects in open terrain. This article examines how such a blast would be attenuated in [a Modern City] , using structural parameters from Northrop/DTRA (1996), blast equations adjusted with empirical data from Glasstone and Dolan (1977), and structural response equations. Attenuation mechanisms include diffraction, kinetic energy in oscillating buildings, plastic deformation, and flying debris. A structural-based attenuation model, tailored to New York’s reinforced concrete and steel-frame buildings, exp(−R/10), is derived and applied, with energy per unit area tables, a comparison of peak overpressure and dynamic pressure in open terrain versus [a Modern City] , and tables comparing peak overpressure and dynamic pressure before and after urban attenuation.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[3] viXra:2503.0128 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-21 19:09:50
Authors: Gang Chen, Tianman Chen, Tianyi Chen
Comments: 7 Pages. In Chinese.
In our previous paper, we calculated out and determined the atomic unit of time (tau) to be 2.41888432658653284(45)×10-17 s. In this paper, using the BIPM recommended 171Yb atomic transition frequency which is 518295836590863.63(10) Hz and its reciprocal in atomic units calculated from our corresponding formula, we once more calculate out and determine the atomic unit of time to be 2.41888432658653280(46)×10-17 s. With this very slightly revised atomic unit of time and the reciprocal of 40Ca atomic transition frequency in atomic units calculated from our corresponding formula, we calculate out the 40Ca atomic transition frequency to be 455986240494140.30(9) Hz, which is about 94 times more precise than the BIPM recommended value, i.e., 455986240494140(8) Hz. Employing the same method, we also calculate out two 171Yb+ ionic transition frequencies which are consistent with the BIPM recommended values.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[2] viXra:2503.0090 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-16 01:21:52
Authors: Yuanjie Huang
Comments: 13 Pages.
The thermal conductivity is a fundamental property of plasmas, yet its experimentally observed reduction remains an enigmatic phenomenon. Over the past half-century, extensive efforts have been dedicated to elucidating the mechanisms behind this reduced thermal conductivity and the associated heat-flux limiter, but a definitive solution has remained elusive. In this work, we present an analytical model for plasma thermal conductivity that is free of artificial parameters. This model employs Maxwell distributions for both electrons and ions and provides analytical expressions for thermal conductivity and the heat-flux limiter. Importantly, the predictions of the model are in good agreement with experimental observations. Its validity extends across plasmas with both small and large temperature gradients, significantly enhancing its applicability. This straightforward model not only offers insights into the underlying physics of reduced thermal conductivity and the heat-flux limiter but also plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of thermal transport in plasmas across diverse areas.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
[1] viXra:2503.0085 [pdf] submitted on 2025-03-15 03:39:19
Authors: Douglas Ruffini
Comments: 78 Pages.
This study proposes a new theoretical model to describe the behavior of the electron in the atom, reinterpreting the classical problem of its collapse towards the nucleus through a damped oscillation governed by relativistic effects and a space-time feedback. The electron, in its approach to the nucleus, undergoes an increasing acceleration until a critical point where its velocity approaches that of light, leading to a temporal discontinuity and a subsequent reversal of motion. This process is formalized through the Lorentz factor with imaginary values, suggesting a transition between quantum states rather than a real superluminal velocity. The model is supported by a mathematical analysis based on the exponential decay of energy and the time constant RC, which shows a connection with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and the time scales of quantum processes. The electron descent-ascent cycle introduces the concept of space-time memory, with a coordinate recalculation mechanism that ensures atomic stability. The results suggest that energy quantization can emerge as a macroscopic effect of an oscillating dynamical system and that absolute space-time plays a key role in maintaining temporal coherence. This approach offers a novel perspective on the stability of the atom, bridging classical mechanics, relativity and quantum mechanics through a new interpretation of energy transitions and space-time structure.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics
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