Geophysics

A Method of Predicting Earthquakes in Advance

Authors: Xia Cao
Comments: 19 Pages.

The internal collision movement of the earth in the early stage of geological disasters will be different from the ordinary, and the generated signals are also unusual. The possibility of geological disasters such as earthquakes can be monitored and predicted by utilizing the changes caused by the continuous collision movement deep inside the earth. This new system based on the Collision Electro-Magnetic Theory was first proposed for monitoring geological disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, avalanches, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and debris flows. The system mainly consists of a collision-based power generator and a receiver. The collision-based power generator can be made from a single material or a composite of several materials. The receiver can be composed of one or more types of semiconductors, conductors, or composite materials that are resistant to high temperatures and have excellent mechanical properties. It is simple and effective, and can greatly improve the accuracy and timeliness of disaster warnings. Recognizing precursors to longitudinal waves is crucial for predicting earthquakes and minimizing both human and economic losses, and seismometers that are exempt from regular power source replacement and performance degradation under humid conditions are highly anticipated. This work draws inspiration from the three-dimensional microstructure of the superhydrophobic lotus leaf surface and transfers the microstructure from nano-SiO2 to Ecoflex surface. A self-powered, low-cost, highly durable, and stable triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was thus developed for earthquake warning based on the superhydrophobic, self-cleaning, and flame retardant film. The as-prepared TENG can convert the tiny vibration in the earth into electricity with a peak power density of 15.4 mW/m². In addition, there is a strong linear correlation (The R2 value is 0.98 and 0.99.) between peak current and vibration acceleration and vibration when the EW-TENG is applied to different vibration intensities. It is possible to analyze the peak current to calculate the vibration intensity. Then, the real-time monitoring capability of the EW-TENG is verified in a more realistic simulated geological disaster scenario. Considering the self-power feature, it may contribute to fast earthquake response and rescue efforts, as well as research in reducing the risk of seismic hazards.
Category: Geophysics