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| viXra.org > Artificial Intelligence > 1004 |
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[9] viXra:1004.0139 [pdf] submitted on 10 Mar 2010
Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Comments:
236 pages.
AIDS is not simply a physical malady, it is also an artifact
of social and sexual transgression, violated taboo, fractured
identity-political and personal projections. Its key words are
primarily the property of the powerful. AIDS: Keywords - is my
attempt to identify and contest some of the assumptions
underlying our current 'knowledge'. In this effort I am joined by
many AIDS activists including people living with
AIDS - Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[8] viXra:1004.0138 [pdf] submitted on 10 Mar 2010
Authors: Arnaud Martin, Christophie Osswald, Jean Dezert, Florentin Smarandache
Comments:
23 pages.
Martin and Osswald [15] have recently proposed many generalizations
of combination rules on quantitative beliefs in order to
manage the conflict and to consider the specificity of the responses
of the experts. Since the experts express themselves usually in natural
language with linguistic labels, Smarandache and Dezert [13]
have introduced a mathematical framework for dealing directly also
with qualitative beliefs. In this paper we recall some element of our
previous works and propose the new combination rules, developed
for the fusion of both qualitative or quantitative beliefs.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[7] viXra:1004.0094 [pdf] submitted on 19 Apr 2010
Authors: Anne-Laure Jousselme, Patrick Maupin
Comments: 7 pages.
In situation analysis (SA), an agent observing a
scene receives information from heterogeneous sources of information
including for example remote sensing devices, human reports
and databases. The aim of this agent is to reach a certain
level of awareness of the situation in order to make decisions. For
the purpose of applications, this state of awareness can be conceived
as a state of knowledge in the classical epistemic logic
sense. Considering the logical connection between belief and
knowledge, the challenge for the designer is to transform the raw,
imprecise, conflictual and often paradoxical information received
from the different sources into statements understandable by both
man and machines. Hence, quantitative (i.e. measuring the world)
and qualitative (i.e. reasoning about the structure of the world)
information processing coexist in SA. A great challenge in SA
is the conciliation of both aspects in mathematical and logical
frameworks. As a consequence, SA applications need frameworks
general enough to take into account the different types of uncertainty
and information present in the SA context, doubled with a
semantics allowing meaningful reasoning on situations. The aim
of this paper is to evaluate the capacity of neutrosophic logic and
Dezert- Smarandache theory (DSmT) to cope with the ontological
and epistemological problems of SA.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[6] viXra:1004.0057 [pdf] submitted on 9 Apr 2010
Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert
Comments: 6 pages
We present in this paper some examples of how to compute by hand the PCR5 fusion rule for
three sources, so the reader will better understand its mechanism.
We also take into consideration the importance of sources, which is different from the classical
discounting of sources.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[5] viXra:1004.0052 [pdf] submitted on 8 Mar 2010
Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert
Comments: 21 pages
One proposes a first alternative rule of combination to WAO (Weighted Average Operator) proposed recently by Josang,
Daniel and Vannoorenberghe, called Proportional Conflict Redistribution rule (denoted PCR1). PCR1 and WAO are particular cases of
WO (the Weighted Operator) because the conflicting mass is redistributed with respect to some weighting factors. In this first PCR rule,
the proportionalization is done for each non-empty set with respect to the non-zero sum of its corresponding mass matrix - instead of its
mass column average as in WAO, but the results are the same as Ph. Smets has pointed out. Also, we extend WAO (which herein gives
no solution) for the degenerate case when all column sums of all non-empty sets are zero, and then the conflicting mass is transferred
to the non-empty disjunctive form of all non-empty sets together; but if this disjunctive form happens to be empty, then one considers
an open world (i.e. the frame of discernment might contain new hypotheses) and thus all conflicting mass is transferred to the empty
set. In addition to WAO, we propose a general formula for PCR1 (WAO for non-degenerate cases). Several numerical examples and
comparisons with other rules for combination of evidence published in literature are presented too. Another distinction between these
alternative rules is that WAO is defined on the power set, while PCR1 is on the hyper-power set (Dedekind's lattice). A nice feature of
PCR1, is that it works not only on non-degenerate cases but also on degenerate cases as well appearing in dynamic fusion, while WAO
gives the sum of masses in this cases less than 1 (WAO does not work in these cases). Meanwhile we show that PCR1 and WAO do not
preserve unfortunately the neutrality property of the vacuous belief assignment though the fusion process. This severe drawback can
however be easily circumvented by new PCR rules presented in a companion paper.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[4] viXra:1004.0009 [pdf] replaced on 31 Aug 2010
Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 pages
In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), paraconsistent set, and
intuitionistic set to the neutrosophic set (NS). Many examples are presented. Distinctions between
NS and IFS are underlined.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[3] viXra:1004.0008 [pdf] replaced on 31 Aug 2010
Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 pages
In this paper one generalizes the intuitionistic fuzzy logic (IFL) and other logics to neutrosophic
logic (NL). The differences between IFL and NL (and the corresponding intuitionistic fuzzy set
and neutrosophic set) are pointed out.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[2] viXra:1004.0005 [pdf] replaced on 21 Jul 2011
Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert
Comments: 4 pages
This short paper introduces two new fusion rules for combining quantitative basic belief
assignments. These rules although very simple have not been proposed in literature so far and could serve as
useful alternatives because of their low computation cost with respect to the recent advanced Proportional
Conflict Redistribution rules developed in the DSmT framework.
Category: Artificial Intelligence
[1] viXra:1004.0004 [pdf] submitted on 8 Mar 2010
Authors: Haibin Wang, Yan-Qing Zhang, Rajshekhar Sunderraman, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 15 pages
In this paper we propose a framework called Semanic Web Services (see paper for full abstract)
Category: Artificial Intelligence
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