Social Science

1301 Submissions

[3] viXra:1301.0196 [pdf] submitted on 2013-01-31 10:16:28

The Definitions of Peer-Review and Refereed Journal

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

Scientific definitions for peer-review and refereed journal are given so that the reader can clarify the real meaning of these terms and their real purposes.
Category: Social Science

[2] viXra:1301.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2013-01-12 15:15:01

Low Post-Secondary Tuitions in Canada Are not a Wealth Transfer from the Poor to the Rich

Authors: Sierra Rayne, Kaya Forest
Comments: 3 Pages.

Between 2007/2008 and 2012/2013, inflation adjusted undergraduate tuition fees for full-time Canadian students increased significantly in all disciplines. All disciplines except dentistry also exhibited substantial increases in inflation adjusted graduate tuition fees for full-time Canadian students over this period. In contrast to prior claims in the literature, we show that low tuition rates in the Canadian post-secondary system do not redistribute wealth from the poor to the rich. For each dollar of taxpayer derived financial support going into the Canadian college and university system, the wealthiest families paid almost the entire amount. Consequently, it appears that regardless of current or proposed tuition rates, the Canadian post-secondary system is a wealth transfer from the rich to the poor.
Category: Social Science

[1] viXra:1301.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2013-01-05 19:49:08

Shifting the Balance of Global Economic Power: the Sinosphere in Ascension Towards Dominance

Authors: Sierra Rayne, Kaya Forest
Comments: 8 Pages.

The Sinosphere is in ascension towards global economic dominance on both total and per capita bases, marking a fundamental shift in the balance of global economic and military power that is taking place absent any robust structural democratic and human rights reforms in this region. In contrast to comparisons during the 1980s of Japan potentially overtaking the United States as the world's largest economy, both purchasing power parity (PPP) and current United States dollar GDP metrics consistently project that China's gross domestic product (GDP) will exceed that of the United States sometime between 2015 and 2020. The Sinosphere's GDP-PPP passed that of The Commonwealth (including India) in 2011, The Commonwealth (excluding India) in 2005, the Francosphere member states in 2003, the Francosphere member and observer states in 2009 - subsequently widening the gap in all cases - and is predicted to surpass that of the Anglosphere by the early 2020s. China's military spending now exceeds that of all other nations bordering the East and South China Seas combined and the gap is widening rapidly. At current rates of increase, China's military expenditures may surpass those of the United States within the next decade. On a per capita basis, China's GDP-PPP is expected to overtake that of the United States and Canada by the early to mid-2030s, whereas Russia and the EU are projected to be surpassed by China in per capita GDP-PPP by the late 2020s.
Category: Social Science