Relativity and Cosmology

1811 Submissions

[43] viXra:1811.0520 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-30 10:06:59

Thanks to the Y(4140) Tetraquark We Have A Signal That a Cosmophoton is Included in MCHE8S Theory to Permit Superfast Communication

Authors: George R. briggs
Comments: 1 Page.

Abstract: The Y(4140) tetraquark plus 40 MeV added energy = 4180 MeV = 4.180 GeV = signal by E8 Symmetry that the top quark/bottom quark ratio is of great importance in connection with the possibility of superfast communication
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[42] viXra:1811.0514 [pdf] replaced on 2019-08-02 06:05:49

How Michelson's 1881 Miscalculation of the Expected Fringe Shift Helped in the Demise of the Ether

Authors: Henok Tadesse
Comments: 6 Pages.

We will see how Michelson's original error in calculation of the expected fringe shift in the 1881 experiment and its subsequent correction by Potier and Lorentz led to hastening of the abandonment of the ether.In an effort to increase the sensitivity of the experiment, Michelson and Morley considerably increased the arm length of light in the 1887 experiment, and by doing so, they ended up in building an instrument that ruled out the ether even more decisively than the 1881 Michelson experiment. All their efforts to detect the ether unexpectedly played out against the ether, not in favor of it. The reason why the 1887 experiment was much less sensitive than the 1881 experiment, despite the fact that the 1887 experiment used a considerably longer arm length, has always remained a mystery that no one has ever viewed it as such.By continuously increasing the arm length in subsequent experiments, physicists unknowingly ended up in setting up and repeating experiments that were much less sensitive to absolute motion than the 1881 Michelson experiment.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[41] viXra:1811.0497 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-30 05:17:37

The Big Bang and its Internal Logic: The Universe As Relative Zero

Authors: Milan D. Nešić
Comments: 19 Pages. According also to the book: Milan D. Nesic: WAS GIORDANO BRUNO BURNED IN VAIN? (2018, Belgrade, ISBN 978-86-900622-0-1

It's about philosophy of cosmology, based finally on the right understanding of the postulate c=const as the inertia of the whole universe. Not even all the photons of the same frequency from the same light source are the same; each of them will be such, so that it arrives to its receiver with the c=const speed, what is possible precisely because of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. That's why the Big Bang as the start of cosmos and the world in general is an illusion, though an objective one. Only with comprehensive inertia and relativity without mass limitations can one begin to understand how come the World exists. Not how it came to be, but how it has existed since forever and how it exists always and again. Inertia: not so related to the material world which the man can specifically ascertain with how ever perspicacious an experiment, but inertia without anything concrete, logically most abstract: if something is already something, whatever it is, even an uncertain possibility, why would it be different, it has no reason, whilst if it is nothing, why would it be something, it remains nothing. Relativity: not the homocentrically insufficient one from the theory of relativity, but an all-encompassing relativity, which must refer to itself as well precisely because it is infinite, it must make itself relative, i.e. it cannot avoid exploding into its otherness, into universal symmetry, by which nothing is possible only in symmetry with something. Absolute nothing is only possible with absolute everything, again only relativity. And all together still the same, inertia: indefinite duration of omnipotence in symmetrical balance with its nothing-cause in itself, without start and without end – like the universe from the title. The paper specifically shows how this logic fits into scientific achievements related to the hypothesis of the Big Bang and which new explanations follow that.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[40] viXra:1811.0495 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-29 13:42:14

The Hawking Temperature Intensive Crisis and a Possible Solution that Leads to an Intensive Schwarzschild Radius Temperature

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 6 Pages.

Crothers and Robitaille have recently pointed out that the Hawking temperature and the Unruh temperature are not intensive and how this is inconsistent with thermodynamics, which suggests that the theory around the temperature of black holes is flawed, incomplete, or at least not fully understood. Here we offer a modified Newtonian type acceleration field linked to the Planck scale that leads to a new modified intensive Schwarzschild surface temperature for so-called black holes.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[39] viXra:1811.0487 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-28 09:30:47

Dirac and Majorana Field Operators with Self/Anti-Self Charge Conjugate States

Authors: Valeriy V. Dvoeglazov
Comments: 4 Pages. The talk at the IWARA2018, Sacred Valley, Peru, Sept. 8-15, 2018. To be published in "Astron.Nachr.".

We discuss relations between Dirac and Majorana-like field operators with self/anti-self charge conjugate states. The connections with recent models of several authors have been found.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[38] viXra:1811.0462 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-27 09:54:14

Clarification of “Overall Relativistic Energy” According to Yarman’s Approach.

Authors: Ozan Yarman, Metin Arik, Ricardo Gobato, Tolga Yarman
Comments: 10 Pages. https://sites.google.com/site/pjsciencea/issue-current , Ozan Yarman, Metin Arik, Ricardo Gobato, Tolga Yarman. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.8, (1-10), November 5, 2018.

In this essay, we will attempt to clarify the concept of “overall relativistic energy” according to Yarman’s Approach; which happens to be the underlying framework of Yarman-Arik-Kholmetskii (YARK) gravitation theory. The reformed meaning of this key concept is, in juxtaposition to the general theory of relativity (GTR), shown to subtly differ from particularly the Newtonian understanding of the “total energy of a system” as just being the “sum of constituent kinetic and potential energies”.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[37] viXra:1811.0411 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-27 02:38:57

Time Intervals Measured by Two Observers in Relative Motion

Authors: Qing-Ping Ma
Comments: 4 Pages.

It has been shown previously that when for two inertial observers A and B in relative motion, the value of the distance between A and B measured by observer B in a frame where B is stationary is the same as that obtained by observer A in a frame where A is stationary. The present study will show that the time interval for observer A to meet observer B measured by observer B in a frame where B is stationary is the same as that for observer B to meet observer A obtained by observer A in a frame where A is stationary. The proof is based on two fundamental conditions of special relativity: 1) the space time interval between two events in the Minkowski space is independent of the inertial reference frame chosen; and 2) there is no privileged reference frame and all inertial reference frames are equal.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[36] viXra:1811.0408 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-27 04:11:17

Mond

Authors: Dariusz Dudało
Comments: 3 Pages.

Modified Newtonian Dynamics with time dilation
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[35] viXra:1811.0407 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-27 04:48:52

The Time Production Effect of Electromagnetic Wavelengths Interference of Two Electromagnetic Waves

Authors: Adham Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Comments: 1 Page. ty

Today we know that light or any other electromagnetic wave is fixed in its wavelength at any distance covered by the electromagnetic wave no matter of the time passing rate as in einstein's light-distance clock however we might hypothesize that two waves do interfere if they pass through each other for example imagine if you increase the distance that the two interfering wavelengths go through as the universe expands we end up with either more oscillations or lager wavelengths needed but in the very end when the electromagnetic wave reaches a particle it makes it less hot than if the universe didn't expand the electromagnetic wave would have been much hotter now if we look again we see that an electromagnetic wave should have either increased its wavelength and decreased the number of oscillations(gives less time for the electromagnetic wave) now what happens if you make two equal in wavelength and frequency electromagnetic waves hit each other? The answer could probably be that more time is produced but for what? I mean the two electromagnetic waves have killed each other so the complete answer is that space is produced or dark energy now if photons go through space they go at a constant time rate meaning that the photons aren't effected by the dark matter and they go at the same speed or same velocity now what happens if bigger masses go through space or dark matter(assuming ofcourse that they act like electromagnetic waves)? They would go at less velocities than light and if they reached the speed of light they would stop this is probably due to the bigger masses havig much more oscillations than light but they never give their oscillations to space or dark energy unless ofcourse if they hit a similar planet with the same velocity directly at each other
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[34] viXra:1811.0405 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-25 05:57:09

How Hilbert’s Attempt to Unify Gravitation and Electromagnetism Failed Completely, and a Plausible Resolution

Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache, Robert Neil Boyd
Comments: 36 Pages. This paper has been submitted to Prespacetime journal. Comments are welcome

In the present paper, these authors argue on actual reasons why Hilbert’s axiomatic program to unify gravitation theory and electromagnetism failed completely. An outline of plausible resolution of this problem is given here, based on: a) Gödel’s incompleteness theorem, b) Newton’s aether stream model. And in another paper we will present our calculation of receding Moon from Earth based on such a matter creation hypothesis. More experiments and observations are called to verify this new hypothesis, albeit it is inspired from Newton’s theory himself.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[33] viXra:1811.0395 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-26 05:26:32

Occam Engineering and Physics

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

what physicists should accept vs what they can accept is explored
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[32] viXra:1811.0353 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-10 00:27:31

Reflection and Acceleration Of Radio Wave

Authors: Eric Su
Comments: 4 Pages. All comments are welcome. Please include your email address and a short list of your publications.

The radio wave changes direction upon reflection. It also changes frequency if it is reflected by a moving surface. In the standing wave formed by the incident wave and the reflected wave, the formation of the nodes requires both waves to have the same wavelength. The nodes exist in all reference frames. This requires both the incident wave and the reflected wave to have the same wavelength in all reference frames. However, these two waves have different frequencies due to Doppler effect Therefore, these two waves travel at different speeds. Doppler radar is a good example. With two moving surfaces to reflect the radio wave between them, the radio wave can be accelerated if the distance between two reflective surfaces decreases with time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[31] viXra:1811.0340 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-26 15:33:13

About the Relative Measure of the Space Time in Point Particles with Quantized Rest Mass According to Theory of Total Relativity

Authors: Pablo Hernan Pereyra
Comments: 4 Pages.

Is shown that according to the Theory of Total Relativity point particles with rest mass change the measure of time relative to the observer. Also is shown that the Photon have quantized rest mass as a limit value.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[30] viXra:1811.0336 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-21 19:18:28

Мой ответ г. Терра (My Answer to Mr. Terra)

Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 11 Pages. In Russian (please learn Russian) Robert Yusupov <©> Answer to Mr. Terra NOV 22 2018

В настоящей статье речь идёт о кванте материи. Квант материи, как представляется автору, является материальным «первокирпичиком» природы. ++++++++++++++++++ This article deals with a quantum of matter. The quantum of matter, as it seems to the author, is the material “primary brick” of nature.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[29] viXra:1811.0334 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-21 22:14:02

Creation and Schrodinger

Authors: Gene H. Barbee
Comments: 28 Pages. Please contact me at genebarbee@msn.com

The solution to a Schrodinger equation is the basis of a broad theory. The Dirac equation superseded the Schrodinger equation because it is relativistic and has 4 components that accurately represent half spin particles like the electron and quarks. This paper presents a way of making the Schrodinger equation relativistic. It has many components and is complex enough to represent the neutron, proton and electron but is general enough to help us understand nature. Our goal is to find clues related to creation. The Schrodinger equation described by MIT as unitary evolution [20] has a simple solution: Probability P=1 in the left hand side (LHS) of the Schrodinger equation is equal to the multiple of complex conjugate terms exp(iEt/H)*exp(-iEt/H) in the right hand side (RHS) where i is the imaginary number, H=Planck’s constant, E is field energy and time t is the time around a quantum circle at velocity C. (exp(iEt/H) stands for the natural number e to power iEt/H). Observation is fundamental to quantum mechanics and the Copenhagen interpretation indicates that we can only describe the probability of an event within certain limits. Shannon’s definition [9] of information (information = -natural logarithm(probability) will be used to explore the relationship between information and energy. Has something been separated in the multiple exp(iEt/H)*exp(-iEt/H)=1? The number 1 has been separated into two expressions that represent waves, but it is a dynamic separation; it repeatedly comes back to 1 as time moves forward. The idea that nature originates as a series of separations is an old idea, for example, recall that Genesis contains the words “So God made the expanse and separated the water under the expanse from the ... as Genesis 1:7 ends with the phrase 'from the water above it [the expanse]'. Another phrase from Genesis is “in the beginning was the word”. Consider a beginning with zero energy. This avoids the endless argument that things are made of other things, ad infinitum. Meaningful equal and opposite energy pairs come into existence at the same time but represent zero overall. Also consider probability one as a beginning condition. It simply means the universe exists.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[28] viXra:1811.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-20 21:36:07

Astrophysical Applications of Yilmaz Gravity Theory

Authors: Stanley L. Robertson
Comments: 36 pages, 1 Figure

Huseyin Yilmaz proposed the form of a theory of gravitation (Yilmaz 1958, 1971) that has later been shown to present only minor conceptual change for Einstein's General Relativity. The primary effect of the change is to modify terms of second order in the gravitational potential or its derivatives. Since most of the weak field tests that have been taken as confirmation of General Relativity are of first order, the Yilmaz theory continues to pass all of these tests, but there are some interesting effects of the higher order terms that arise in the Yilmaz theory. These corrections move the metric singularity back to the location of a point particle source. This eliminates the black hole event horizon and permits the existence of intrinsic magnetic moments for stellar mass black hole candidates and supermassive AGN. It is shown here that the same second order corrections also eliminate the need for cosmological ``dark energy". Additional considerations dicussed here show that the Yilmaz theory correctly encompasses all of the major observational tests that must be satisfied by an acceptable relativistic gravity theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[27] viXra:1811.0299 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-19 11:44:38

General Relativity Toward Unification

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

a brief discussion about the unification of forces in theoretical physics from Relativity based on engineering concepts
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[26] viXra:1811.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-18 18:11:17

Antimatter and the Big Bang

Authors: James Conor O'Brien
Comments: 21 Pages.

It is suggested that in the neighbourhood of the Big Bang at point P(0) a matter-antimatter differential forms due to reflection of antimatter off the wall of an infinite, spatially shifting, potential well. Firstly the width of the potential well of a scalar field (Phi) undergoes oscillation due to Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle ranging from zero to infinity; secondly, that there is a probability also due to quantum uncertainty for an infinite sea matter and antimatter particle-pairs to spontaneously arise in the neighbourhood of the wall; and thirdly due to the Feynman-Stueckelberg Interpretation of the direction of Time being in the positive direction from P(0), that matter will move along the axis of Time away from P(0) and antimatter will move the axis of Time towards P(0). This leads to the suggestion that antimatter will reflect off P(0) to return in the positive time direction - thus turning the antimatter of the universe into matter in a process akin to the Dynamical Casimir Effect. It is then suggested that this instantiation of matter inflates the volume of the universe around P(0) and decreases the energy density of the universe, which in turn conflates another generation of matter and antimatter on the surface of that volume. Thus there should exist an epoch in the formation of the universe where purely matter is ejected from P(0) and the energy density of the universe diminishes. Furthermore since the reflected fermionic antimatter collides with its matter partner under Lorentz covariance the ejected matter must be On-Mass Shell. This "inflation through conflation" continues until the overall energy density of matter of the Universe diminishes to the level where matter and antimatter is no longer conflated, and the Universe stabilizes into present era Physics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[25] viXra:1811.0277 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-10 15:00:03

Special Theory of Relativity Based on Fraudulent Science?

Authors: Sjaak Uitterdijk
Comments: 4 Pages. Version 6 is much easier to read and to understand. It also clarifies an apparent incorrectness.

This article makes it highly likely that the question mark in the title has to be an exclamation mark.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[24] viXra:1811.0274 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-17 08:03:44

Evidence for Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Higgs’ Function, and More

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

categories of evidence for Dark Matter & Energy, Higgs' Function, and Temporal Elasticity are provided and discussed
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[23] viXra:1811.0235 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-16 02:51:18

Cosmological Dark Ages and Antimatter

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

the so-called Cosmic Dark Ages is currently misunderstood and under-rated in terms of cosmological significance; the role of antimatter is identified and illuminated
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[22] viXra:1811.0227 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-14 10:37:42

The 4430 MeV Neutrino is a Signal That the Universe Includes 0.1 Billion Years of Unbroken E8 Symmetry Time

Authors: George R. briggs
Comments: 1 Page.

Abstract: The surprising capability to be able to use the mass of the recently-discovered 4430 MeV neutrino together with MHCE8S theory as a way of signaling the length of time the universe includes E8 unbroken symmetry is shown.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[21] viXra:1811.0210 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-13 08:20:37

Time and Antimatter

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

in a balanced curvature creation event, there are very few possibilities about the question: "what happened to all the antimatter?"; very specific lines of research are proposed to help answer it
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[20] viXra:1811.0202 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-13 21:50:17

‘Missing’ Features of Temporal Elasticity and Gravistrong

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

Lorentz contraction and Lense-Thirring are dealt with appropriately
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[19] viXra:1811.0199 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-12 05:48:52

Physical Time and Time Clock

Authors: Daniele Sasso
Comments: 12 Pages.

Time is a fundamental quantity in physics and its definition has generated many problems starting from Newton’s philosophical absolute time. Einstein searched for giving an operative definition of time through the use of unreal ideal clocks and of rays of light. In this paper we will search for giving a physical definition of time pointing out the necessity of avoiding in physics mistakes connected whether with Newton’s exclusively philosophical definition, taken out of the scientific context, or with Einstein’s operative definition through unreal clocks. We will prove nevertheless also the use of real clocks raises generally problems because of their real working and of the inadequacy of measuring instruments.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[18] viXra:1811.0177 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-11 21:52:36

The Irrational Standard Model vs ...

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 5 Pages. subcategory: Nuclear Physics

the strong points and reasoning of the Standard Model are presented, the useless artifices of it are explored, and a simpler more comprehensive model is presented
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[17] viXra:1811.0170 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-10 07:58:10

Time Travel of Stephen Hawking

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

Stephen Hawking's final book suggests time travel may one day be possible – here's what to make of it. [26] The arrow of time and the accelerated expansion are two fundamental empirical facts of the universe. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] “We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit.” [23]
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[16] viXra:1811.0165 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-10 10:52:51

Accelerating Hubble Redshift

Authors: William Q. Sumner
Comments: Pages.

Understanding the “acceleration” of modern Hubble redshift measurements begins with Schr ̈odinger. In 1939 he proved that all quantum wave functions coevolve with the curved spacetime of a closed Friedmann universe. While both photon wavelengths and atomic radii are proportional to the Fried- mann radius, the wavelengths of photons that an atom emits are proportional to the square of the radius. This larger shift in atomic emissions changes the current paradigm that redshift implies ex- pansion. Instead, redshift implies the contraction of a closed Friedmann universe. Hubble redshifts are observed only when old blueshifted photons are compared to current atomic emissions that have blueshifted even more. This theoretical prediction is confirmed by modern Hubble redshift measure- ments. The Pantheon redshift data set of 1048 supernovas was analyzed assuming that atoms change like Schro ̈dinger predicted. The Hubble constant and deceleration parameter are the only variables. The fit, Ho = −72.03 ± 0.25 km s−1Mpc−1 and 1/2 < qo < 0.501, has a standard deviation 0.1516 compared to the average data error 0.1418. No modifications to general relativity or to Friedmann’s 1922 solution are necessary to explain accelerating Hubble redshifts. A nearly flat Friedmann universe accelerating in collapse is enough.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[15] viXra:1811.0160 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-11 03:59:33

Dark Energy on a Cosmic Time

Authors: Friedhelm Jöge
Comments: 1 Page. Please add this additional file.

Development of Dark Energy on a cosmic time. Additional diagram to the article : http://viXra.org/abs/1807.0115?ref=10028904
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[14] viXra:1811.0157 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-11 05:13:57

The Unruh Effect: Insight from the Laws of Thermodynamics (Aps Meeting)

Authors: Stephen J. Crothers, Pierre-Marie Robitaille
Comments: 5 Pages. Presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the APS Mid-Atlantic Section, November 9-10,

This is a copy of the poster which was presented at the Mid-Atlantic Section of the American Physical Society in College Park, Maryland on November 9-10, 2018: http://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/MAS18/Session/B01.18
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[13] viXra:1811.0149 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-09 11:23:58

Metric System to be Changed

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

Officials with the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) have announced that at a meeting to be held next week, four of the base units used in the metric system will be redefined. [32] The UK's first quantum accelerometer for navigation has been demonstrated by a team from Imperial College London and M Squared. [31] The optical tweezer is revealing new capabilities while helping scientists understand quantum mechanics, the theory that explains nature in terms of subatomic particles. [30] In the perspective, Gabor and Song collect early examples in electron metamaterials and distil emerging design strategies for electronic control from them. [29] Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers are working to make better electronic devices by delving into the way nanocrystals are arranged inside of them. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22]
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[12] viXra:1811.0136 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-08 17:41:35

MHCE8S Theory Indicates That the Energetic Neutrino Observed in Antartica is a heavy (4430 MeV) Majorana Neutrino

Authors: George R. briggs
Comments: 3 Pages.

Abstract: MHCE8S theory strongly indicates that a 4th massive neutrino exists, of 4430 MeV mc^2 mass and Majoranic in Nature (the particle is its own antiparticle with no spin). As such it is a candidate for the energetic neutrino observed in Antartica. It has the same mass as the Z(4430) tetraquark and therefore cannot be derived directly from the lighter stau slepton supersymmetric particle presently proposed
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[11] viXra:1811.0125 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-07 07:44:16

Testing Proposals for Human Free Will in the Raspberry Multiverse, Local Entanglement and M&M Lightspeed.

Authors: Leo Vuyk
Comments: 11 Pages.

According to Quantum FFF Theory, (Function Follows Form) the process of wave function collapse of two entangled particles into mirror symmetrical states, is the basic process for all created particles. As a consequence, we should live inside one part of a mirror Charge-Parity-symmetrical entangled copy MULTIVERSE with one central origin the big bang. We will give it the name: Raspberry Multiverse. Even human choice making should be subjected to this mirror symmetrical process. Benjamin Libet described a choice experiment, which we could use to measure how many copy universes there should be. At the smaller scale however, we observe also entanglement effects between particles. Einstein called them “spooky action at a distance”, which he did not like and suggested a different explanation called “Hidden Variables”. However I present here a support for the spooky faster than light entanglement explanation, based on an extended Stern Gerlach experiment, in line with J.S Bell’s arguments about a strange aspect of the original experiment. That even the lightspeed constancy theory should be adapted, by a different Michelson Morley experiment seems to be a logic result of the Quantum FFF Model..
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[10] viXra:1811.0115 [pdf] replaced on 2020-03-20 15:17:48

An Alternate RELATIVISTICALLY Consistent Formation of the Universe

Authors: David Grant Taylor
Comments: 14 Pages.

This article offers a device by which our local observed Universe could have come to be in an infi-nite Cosmos. It reasons how a Schwarzschild Object||Black Hole [SO] could have come to be from a Universe that was nothing but pure matter particles be they Hydrogen (or elements higher up the Periodic Table), Quantum Particles or Boson particles could have spontaneously formed into an SO. It presents mathematic arguments as to how the escape velocity on any object could never exceed lightspeed. It also explains how Bosons (including Gravitons) would be slowed by Relativistic distortion, adding both mass and velocity to matter. Because of that slowdown the Bosons would escape the SO in much smaller numbers. It would allow any matter formed by the slowing Bosons to eventually escape and generate EM signals upon collisions with newly captured Atoms. It establishes that the finite Universe we currently observe is much older than is currently thought, and possibly much larger. It also establishes that velocity and distance of the M31 An-dromeda Galaxy are completely inconsistent with current Hubble Constant values and so argues against fundamental arguments used in current Big Bang Theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[9] viXra:1811.0113 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-07 17:38:03

The Nature of Electricity, Gravity, Dark Matter, Etc.

Authors: Oskin Victor
Comments: 9 Pages.

N. Tesla: "on the day when we understand what" electricity"is, we will witness an event even greater and more important than all the events in the history of mankind." Having understood the nature of electricity, we will understand the nature of gravity, dark matter, ball lightning, find a solution to other problematic issues of modern physics and biology. In particular, we learn what consciousness, soul, brain, how life is born, etc.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[8] viXra:1811.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-08 04:04:41

The Distance Between Two Inertial Observers in Relative Motion in Special Relativity

Authors: Qing-Ping Ma
Comments: 18 Pages.

When two inertial observers A and B in relative motion measure the distance between them, will they obtain the same value? Although there is a lack of detailed expositions on this issue, many relativity articles and books seem to suggest that the observers on the earth measure a longer distance than that measured by the observers moving relative to the earth. The present study has examined this issue in detail, using two fundamental conditions of special relativity: 1) the space time interval between two events in the Minkowski space is independent of the inertial reference frame chosen; and 2) there is no privileged reference frame and all inertial reference frames are equal. The results of the present study shows that the value of the distance between A and B measured by observer B in a frame where B is stationary is the same as that obtained by observer A in a frame where A is stationary. The idea that distance measured by observer A is longer than that measured by observer B contradicts special relativity, because it designates de facto more privileged reference frames, which cannot be correct within the framework of special relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[7] viXra:1811.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-06 14:55:56

Black Hole Mass Decreasing, The Power and The Time of Two Black Holes in Coalescence, in The Quintessence Field

Authors: Ragil Brand Ndongmo Tsafack, Saleh Mahamat, Thomas Bouetou Bouetou, Timoleon Crepin Kofane
Comments: 19 Pages. 10 figures

In this paper, we investigate some consequences of the black hole stabilization of Schwarzschild in the presence of quintessence type of dark energy which leads the way to the black hole mass decreasing other than the Hawking radiation process. The results show that in the quintessence field, the black hole shows a second-order phase transition, implying the existence of a stable phase. However, this stabilization implies some paradoxical effects on the black hole, which gives us a new regard about black holes, precisely we obtain the negative absolute temperature and we propose a process permitting us to appreciate well the likely cause of this phenomenon. These results allow us to give a new definition of the surface gravity for the Schwarzschild black hole in the field of quintessence, which depends on the flux of dilatation produced by the quintessence type of dark energy. Afterward, we analyze the impact of dark energy on the power and the time of two black holes needed to coalesce. Keywords: Quintessence, black hole, second-order phase transition, negative absolute temperature, gravitational waves
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[6] viXra:1811.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-06 19:24:58

The Lorentz Upshot of the Galilean Group's Fundamentals

Authors: Steven Kenneth Kauffmann
Comments: 3 Pages.

The fundamental properties of the (x, t) Galilean inertial transformations include their homogeneous linearity, their intrinsic velocity v, where setting v to zero produces the identity transformation and negation of v inverts the transformation, and their closure under composition. We show that stipulation of these three fundamental (x, t) Galilean inertial transformation properties yields all generic (x, t) Lorentz transformation groups, which are distinguished by their speed constant values that supplant c; the (x, t) Galilean group itself is the generic (x, t) Lorentz group with infinite speed constant.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[5] viXra:1811.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-06 00:04:55

Variable Polytropic Gas Cosmology

Authors: M. Salti, E. E. Kangal, O. Aydogdu
Comments: 16 Pages.

We mainly study a cosmological scenario dening by the variable Polytropic gas (VPG) unified energy density proposal. To reach this aim, we start with reconstructing a generalized form of the original Polyrtropic gas (OPG) denition. Later, we fit the auxiliary parameters given in the model and discuss essential cosmological features of the VPG proposal. Besides, we compare the VPG with the OPG by focusing on recent observational dataset given in literature including Planck 2018 results. We see that the VPG model yields better results than the OPG description and it fits very well with the recent experimental data. Moreover, we discuss some thermodynamical features of the VPG and conclude that the model describes a thermodynamically stable system.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[4] viXra:1811.0071 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-06 07:41:06

Lorentz Force in Special Relativity Theory

Authors: Sangwha Yi
Comments: 4 Pages.

In the Special Relativity theory, we tell undergraduate how Lorentz 4-force is invariant in Special Relativity theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[3] viXra:1811.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-04 08:50:35

Equivalence Principle is Wrong ? ( In Russian )

Authors: L.Rimsha, V.Rimsha
Comments: 8 Pages.

Мы рассматриваем частный случай принципа эквивалентности ( ПЭ ) , а именно - утверждение о том, что однородное статическое гравитационное поле в инерциальной системе отсчета своим влиянием на ход неподвижных часов ( ход времени ) во всем ( т.е. полностью ) тождественно влиянию ускоренного движения на ход неподвижных часов в жесткой равноускоренной системе отсчета .
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[2] viXra:1811.0007 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-28 05:50:55

Apparent Contraction and Expansion of Space Relative to Absolutely Moving Observer - New Explanation of the Phenomena of Stellar Aberration, Doppler Effect and Mercury Anomalous Perihelion Advance

Authors: Henok Tadesse
Comments: 58 Pages.

Could Albert Einstein be wrong about absolute motion, absolute time and gravity but right about space contraction and the speed of light? Perhaps the great theoretical physicist is not completely wrong. In this paper, a new law of transformation of reference frames for an absolutely moving observer is proposed. We may call this Apparent Source Theory( AST ). With this transformation, the space in front of an absolutely moving observer apparently contracts whereas the space behind an absolutely moving observer expands. Profoundly, AST changes current understanding of the phenomenon of stellar aberration. Stellar aberration occurs because of compression (or expansion ) of space in front of ( behind ) an absolutely moving observer. The apparent change in position of the star is not in the direction of observer’s absolute velocity, as is universally thought, but in the opposite direction! Mercury’s anomalous perihelion advance can be explained by expansion of space as seen by the Sun and as seen by Mercury. AST also provides physical explanation for a new theory already proposed by this author: Exponential Doppler Effect of light: f ' = f eV/c ,λ ' = λ e-V/c. This agrees with the constancy of the phase velocity of light: f 'λ' = f λ= c and can explain the Ives-Stilwell experiment. Not only frequency but also wavelength changes for an absolutely moving observer and the change in wave length for a moving observer can only be explained by apparent expansion or contraction of space as seen by an absolutely moving observer. AST has differences from and similarities to Special Relativity Theory ( SRT ) and/or Lorentz Contraction ( LC ) as follows:1. AST postulates that the phase velocity of light in vacuum is constant c irrespective of source, observer or mirror velocity, but the group velocity of light varies with observer or mirror velocity but is independent of source velocity 2. AST postulates absolute time 3. According to AST, absolute motion exists, but the ether doesn't exist as we know it 4. According to AST, space apparently contracts in front of an absolutely moving observer and expands behind him/her, only as seen by the absolutely moving observer, whereas space (or length ) only contracts, both in the forward and backward directions, as seen by the 'stationary' observer, in SRT and LC. In AST, space contraction is applied only when objects are considered as sources ( sources of light, EM waves, electrostatic fields, gravity ). In Apparent Source Theory, it is assumed that only the position of the light source will apparently change relative to the detector/observer but the mirrors, the beam splitter and all other parts of the apparatus will be assumed to be at their actual/physical positions in the analysis of the experiment. 5. In AST, it is space itself that contracts or expands relative to a moving observer regarding the position of sources 6. AST gives a new law of transformation of space, which is different from Lorentz transformations. 7. In AST, the observer is the light detecting device or the human directly detecting the light and light speed experiments should always be analyzed from the perspective of the inertial observer. More precisely, the observer is the atom detecting the light. According to Apparent Source Theory, the effect of absolute motion of the Michelson-Morley experiment is to create an apparent change in position of the light source as seen by ( relative to ) the observer/detector.The resulting fringe shift is the same as if the source was actually /physically moved to the same position. Intuitively, we can guess that actually changing the source position will not result in significant fringe shift or gives only small fringe shift. Apparent Source Theory not only accounted for the 'null' fringe shift of the Michelson-Morley experiment, but also for the small fringe shifts observed such as in the original Michelson experiment of 1881 and the Miller experiments. It explains many other light speed experiments, including the Sagnac effect, the Marinov experiment, the Silvertooth experiment, the Bryan G Wallace experiment, the Roland De Witte and other experiments.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[1] viXra:1811.0006 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-02 03:24:45

Derivation of Schwarschild Metric from Kepler's Third law

Authors: Amit Kumar Jha
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper I am deriving Schwarschild Metric by using Kepler's Law ( T cube ) without using any complexity of General Relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology