Quantum Gravity and String Theory

1603 Submissions

[21] viXra:1603.0338 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-23 08:32:53

Book Review; Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity by Carlo Rovelli and Francesca Vidotto.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 9 Pages.

Out of interest, I took up the book of Rovelli and Vidotto to see how far covariant Loop Quantum gravity had evolved over the years and how its foundations are framed. I hoped that the authors had filled in the necessary technical details which was somehow the promise of the book, that it was an easy accesible, thorough introduction to the subject. This report is my impression of the first 180 out of 250 pages, by then I encountered several difficulties and issues with the theory which require further explanation.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[20] viXra:1603.0267 [pdf] replaced on 2016-03-30 05:14:34

Planck Quantization of Newton and Einstein Gravitation

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this paper we rewrite the gravitational constant based on its relationship with the Planck length and, based on this, we rewrite the Planck mass in a slightly different form (that gives exactly the same value). In this way we are able to quantize a series of end results in Newton and Einstein's gravitation theories. The formulas will still give exactly the same values as before, but everything related to gravity will then come in quanta. Numerically this only has implications at the quantum scale; for macro objects the discrete steps are so tiny that they are close to impossible to notice. Hopefully this can give additional insight into how well or not so well (ad hoc) quantized Newton and Einstein's gravitation are potentially linked with the quantum world.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[19] viXra:1603.0206 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-13 23:42:14

Reconsidering “Does the Sum Rule Hold at the Big Bang?”, with Pre Planckian HUP, and Division Algebras

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 16 Pages. Re done from a Prespacetime 2012 paper, which has substantially different content. The headers have the old Perspacetime template, but that is due to their construction, while the content is very different

In 2012, the author submitted an article to the Prespacetime journal based upon the premise of inquiry as to the alleged vanishing of disjoint open sets contributing to quantum vector measures no longer working. I.e. the solution in 2012 was that the author stated that quantum measures in 4 dimensions would not work, mandating, if measure theory were used, imbedding in higher dimensions was necessary for a singularity. The idea was to use the methodology of string theory as to come up with a way out of the impasse if higher dimensions do not exist. We revisit this question, taking into account a derived HUP, for metric tensors if we look at Pre-Planckian space-time introducing a pre-Quantum mechanical HUP which may be a way to ascertain a solution not mandating higher dimensions, as well as introducing cautions as to what will disrupt the offered solution. Note that first, measurable spaces allow disjoint sets. Also, that smooth relations alone do not define separability or admit sets Planck’s length, if it exists, is a natural way to get about the ‘bad effects’ of a cosmic singularity at the beginning of space-time evolution, but if a development is to believed, namely by Stoica in the article, about removing the cosmic singularity as a break down point in relativity, there is nothing which forbids space-time from collapsing to a point. Without the use of a Pre Planckian HUP, for metric tensors, the quatum measures in four dimensions break down. We try to ascertain if a Pre Planckian HUP is sufficient to avoid this pathology and also look at if division algebras which can link Octonionic geometry and E8, to Quark spinors, in the standard model and add sufficient definition to the standard model are necessary and sufficient conditions for a metric tensor HUP which may remove this break down of the sum rum in the onset of the ‘Big Bang’. Keywords: quantum measures, spatial diffeomorphism, cylinder sets, Caratheodary-Hahn –Huvanek theorem, Big Bang singularity, causal sets, Modified Pre Planckian HUP, Division Algebras
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[18] viXra:1603.0188 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-12 12:51:20

Double-Slit Experiment is an Experiment to Detect Gravitational Waves.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 6 Pages.

Double-slit experiment is an experiment to detect gravitational waves. Hypothesis, elementary pulsation principle (electrons and photons are powerful gravitational wave sources that)... and to interpret. (The double-slit experiment was in gravitational wave detection)... and to interpret.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[17] viXra:1603.0181 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-11 17:14:39

The Geometry of the Universe.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 11 Pages.

The geometry of the universe. (Dark energy pulsating principle) has found. 4-dimensional space, dark energy and dark matter. The hypothesis is consistent. Nuclear forces, gravity, electromagnetic force. The hypothesis is suggested. New cosmic model. The hypothesis is consistent. Micro-space structure and maximal spatial structure. The hypothesis is described. As both a uniform geometry. The hypothesis was correct. Stochastic interpretation of quantum mechanics. The hypothesis have solved the mystery. The mystery of the double-slit experiment. The hypothesis is given. The size of the particle. The hypothesis is. To suggest. 3: revolution in superstring theory. The hypothesis have solved the mystery. The mystery of the universe and the big bang singularity and the mystery of Galaxy distribution. The hypothesis is. To deny. Exponential function point space expansion model. The hypothesis is. Fix. The mystery of the beginning of time and space from nothingness.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[16] viXra:1603.0164 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-10 05:47:48

Solutions to the Gravitational Field Equations in Curved Phase-Spaces}

Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 16 Pages. Submitted to Physical Review D

After reviewing the basics of the geometry of the cotangent bundle of spacetime, via the introduction of nonlinear connections, we build an action and derive the generalized gravitational field equations in phase spaces. A nontrivial solution generalizing the Hilbert-Schwarzschild black hole metric in spacetime is found. The most relevant physical consequence is that the metric becomes momentum-dependent (observer dependent) which is what one should aim for in trying to $quantize$ geometry (gravity) : the observer must play an important role in any measurement (observation) process of the spacetime he/she lives in.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[15] viXra:1603.0151 [pdf] replaced on 2016-03-10 16:23:51

The Cosmological Constant and Sphere Theory

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 7 Pages. Corrected Typos

This paper shows that the cosmological constant is approximately assuming gravity travels through one level of dimensions. It is also explained why the cosmological constant is larger than this, by a 3 magnitudes, since gravity may travel through multiple levels of dimensions and curve our perception of space. Sarnowski showed in “Evidence for Granulated Space” (1) that gravitational forces can be calculated from Spheres within Spheres. In Sarnowski’s paper “The Holographic Principle and How can the Particles and Universe be Modeled as a Hollow Sphere”, it was shown that the outer surface of a sphere packed with spheres, closely matches the amount of discontinuities created when packing spheres concentrically and thus predicts the amount of equivalent mass in the universe (2) Using the parameters derived for the Planck Sphere in “Evidence for Granulated Space” (1) and “The Holographic Principle and How can the Particles and Universe be Modeled as a Hollow Sphere”(2) paper shows that the Cosmological Constant is the inverse ratio of Planck Spheres in the Hubble Sphere Universe.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[14] viXra:1603.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-09 12:16:21

Pulsating Big Bang Universe Model.(2)

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 6 Pages.

From the beginning, was filled with dark energy throughout the universe. Dark energy ripples formed cosmic large-scale structure. Over time, in the early universe. Void (bubble) group in each microcosm. Galaxy was born in each microcosm. The Galaxy by the pulsating bubble moved the boundary. The moved to the borders and bubbles. The hundred billion galaxies distributed to the boundary of the bubble (lattice). As a result, became no longer bubbles in Galaxy.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[13] viXra:1603.0138 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-08 20:59:10

Now for the Mukanov Boo boo

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 4 Pages. USED as introduction of lecture by A. Beckwith , in a PhD teaching school of Ukrainian students in Bratislavia, in August 2015

Summary of mistakes made by Mukhanov in the Marcel Grossman meeting in 2015, in Italy. This is the source document for 15 papers, which in different variations are showing up in JHEPGC, which is a journal with Dr. Christian Corda as head editor. I.e. 6 of the nine papers already published by the Author in JHEPGC used this as the start of their take down of bogus reasoning by Mukhanov.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[12] viXra:1603.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-07 11:44:09

Pulsating Big Bang Universe Model.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 22 Pages.

Chapter 10.  Pulsating Big Bang universe model. [1]. the current universe model. [2]... to deny the cosmic inflation model. [3]. the large-scale structure of the universe. [4]... on ripples to the microcosm model cosmic large-scale structure. [5]... models of the universe birth starting with the size of the universe, without exceeding the speed of light. [6]... by dark energy pulsating pulsating universe model. [7]... pulsing microcosm was illustrated on the cover model. [8]... to solve the mystery of cosmic large-scale structure voids (bubbles) in in the Galaxy. [9]. pulsating voids (bubbles) each microcosm. [10]... solve the mystery of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[11] viXra:1603.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-06 11:08:51

 「No. 3: Revolution in Superstring Theory. 」 「Dark Energy Pulsating Principle」

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 9 Pages.

「No. 3: revolution in superstring theory. 」and 「Dark energy pulsating principle」 [1]. Advanced "superstring theory" [2]... most likely candidate for the ultimate theory and superstring theory. [3]... continued looking for Einstein 4-dimensional space. [4]. elementary pulsation principle is the new geometric model of superstring theory. [5] Waveform pulse Ultra is a string.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[10] viXra:1603.0090 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-06 08:02:33

Incorrectness of the Mainstream Cosmology of the Early Universe

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 2 Pages.

Here we show that the mainstream cosmology incorrectly describes evolution of the early Universe. Using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers discovered galaxy GN-z11 that is placed close to the more distant edge of the region of reionization i.e. is placed in time distance about 13.4 Gyr. It is assumed that the reionization had begun due to the grouping of the first stars in quasars. On the other hand, we know that transformation of quasars into galaxies lasts a few gigayears (Gyr). It leads to conclusion that the mainstream-cosmology description of the early Universe is incorrect because in the field composed of the “free” first stars cannot appear galaxies during about 200 million years. The Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST) provides the correct description of evolution of the early Universe and the observed most distant Universe (they are not the same thing) and shows that the period called dark ages is an illusion. SST shows that in the most distant observed Universe there should dominate galaxies, not quasars and/or free first stars.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[9] viXra:1603.0087 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-05 16:06:01

No. 3: Revolution in Superstring Theory.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 22 Pages.

No. 3: revolution in superstring theory. [1]. Advanced "superstring theory" [2]... most likely candidate for the ultimate theory and superstring theory. [3]... continued looking for Einstein 4-dimensional space. [4]. elementary pulsation principle is the new geometric model of superstring theory. [5] Waveform pulse Ultra is a string.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[8] viXra:1603.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-05 00:23:32

Deceleration Parameter Q (Z) and Examining if a Joint DM-DE Model is Feasizble,

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: three figures were cleaned up, as well as a discussion of results on pages 34-35 which discusses relationships of paper findings to the recent LIGO GW discovery

This paper is a revisit to a 2011 document , with the addition of results pertinent to singularities in the case of a single repeating universe, as well as when the multiverse voids the necessity of a classical GR singularity. When a classical singularity does not exist, it impacts the formation of a massive graviton for reasons brought up, and allows for re acceleration of the universe due to massive gravitons. The existence of massive gravitons would also affect initial entropy, and also lead to the datum, that a calculated inflaton may re-emerge after fading out in the aftermath of inflation. The inflaton may be a contributing factor to, with non-zero graviton mass, in re acceleration of the universe a billion years ago.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[7] viXra:1603.0037 [pdf] replaced on 2016-03-14 08:14:33

On the Origin of Force

Authors: Norbert Pionka
Comments: 5 Pages.

A novel approach is proposed. Known microscopic time-symmetrical laws of physics, or phenomena underlying them, are a source of variation for natural selection mechanism that is driven by information-related criteria. From this evolutionary mechanism entropic force emerges. This force not only implies second law of thermodynamics but may be interpreted as the origin of other forces found in nature, including gravity. Therefore, I argue that force is an emergent phenomenon and also show evidence suggesting that indeed laws of nature may be reformulated as purely entropy-driven.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[6] viXra:1603.0035 [pdf] replaced on 2017-09-09 08:54:19

The Transition from Pre Octonionic to Octonionic Gravity and How it May be Pertinent to a re do of the Hup for Metric Tensors

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 28 Pages. turned in due to the request of the jhepgc managing editor who requested reformatting of EVERY single equation, prior to publishing

The quantum gravity problem that the notion of a quantum state, representing the structure of space-time at some instant, and the notion of the evolution of the state, does not get traction, since there are no real “instants”, is avoided by having initial Octonionic geometry embedded in a larger, nonlinear “pilot model” (semi classical) embedding structure. The Penrose suggestion of re cycled space time avoiding a ‘big crunch’ is picked as the embedding structure, so as to avoid the ‘instants’ of time issue. Getting Octionic gravity as embedded in a larger, Pilot theory embedding structure may restore Quantum Gravity to its rightful place in early cosmology without the complication of then afterwards ‘Schrodinger equation ‘ states of the universe, and the transformation of Octonionic gravity to existing space-time is explored via its possible linkage to a new version of the HUP involving metric tensors. We conclude with how specific properties of Octonion numbers algebra influence the structure and behavior of the early-cosmology model. This last point is raised in section 14, and is akin to a phase transition from Pre Octonionic geometry, in pre Planckian space-time, to Octonionic geometry in Planckian space-time. A simple phase transition is alluded to, making this clear is as simple as realizing that Pre Octonionic is for is Pre Planckian Space-time and Octonionic is for Planckian Space – time, with the resumption of the Standard Model in physics occurring in Planckian Space-time and the Standard Model of Physics NOT applying in Pre Planckian Space-time. This is commensurate with the Octonion number system NOT applying in Pre Plankian Space-time, but applying in Plankian Space-time. And the Last line of Eq. (54) giving a minimum time step in Pre Planckian Space-time which is when we do NOT have the Standard Model of physics, or Octonionic Geometry
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[5] viXra:1603.0024 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-02 21:19:25

Gedankenexperiment for Initial Expansion of the Universe and Effects of a Nearly Zero Inflaton in Pre Planckian Physics Space-Time Satisfying Traditional Slow Roll Formulas Which Happens in Pre Planckian Regimes Even if

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 10 Pages.

We first of all consider what if the initial inflaton, were nearly zero instead of proportional to a Planck mass, in a SUSY type potential. Using the construction of Padmanabhan about general inflaton physics and the conditions of what are usual constituent slow roll requirements for inflation, and also of Kolb, Pi and Raby about a SUSY potential, we come up with the counter intuitive formulation of how usual tests for slow roll give the standard answers even if the inflaton in the SUSY potential as given by Kolb, Pi, and Raby is initially zero. The result, gives support to a formulation of VEV conditions used right after a Planck instant of time. As it is, we will from first principles examine what adding acceleration does as to the HUP previously derived.. In doing so we will be tying it in our discussion with the earlier work done on the HUP. The HUP results, so modified are appropriate for the Pre Planckian results and may explain why the slow roll formulation as given by Padmanabhan holds where there is the phenomenon of for Pre-Planckian space-time . This leads to a very paradoxical result that in Pre Planckian physics that the traditional slow roll formulas are satisfied even if .
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[4] viXra:1603.0015 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-02 10:12:44

Gravity and Electromagnetic Forces. the Hierarchy Problem.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 2 Pages.

This document is correct below. viXra1603.0008 The unification of gravity and electromagnetism. Image picture.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[3] viXra:1603.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-02 06:46:24

Big Bang as a Spontaneous Destruction of Quantum Entanglement of the Physical Vacuum .

Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Comments: 3 Pages.

If follow the laws of quantum mechanics , it turns out that the vacuum energy density at the Big Bang emerged as a result of the decoherence of the quantum state of the universe. Perhaps our universe emerged due to the destruction of the state of quantum entanglement of the physical vacuum .
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[2] viXra:1603.0008 [pdf] submitted on 2016-03-01 21:01:52

The Unification of Gravity and Electromagnetism.

Authors: Terubumi Honjo
Comments: 18 Pages.

The unification of gravity and electromagnetism. [1]... to the goal of modern physics and the Super grand unified theory hypothesis. [2]. elementary pulsation principle announced in 1980, with the physical society of Japan. [3]... article published in 1980, has been kept on the cinii National Institute of Informatics, Japan physical society. [4]... on the Internet Encyclopaedia Wikipedia articles. [5]... an illustrated guide to the nuclear forces, gravity, electromagnetic force. [6]... unity based on elementary pulsation principle forces, gravity, electromagnetic force. [7]. structure of pulsating principle model for finite nuclei. [8]. it front and back of the same photon-photon and quantum gravity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[1] viXra:1603.0001 [pdf] replaced on 2016-03-12 03:28:28

Distributional Spacetime in Classical and Quantum Cosmology

Authors: Jaykov Foukzon
Comments: 22 Pages.

Distributional spacetime in classical and quantum cosmology are considered. Distributional quantum spacetime with distributional Ashtekar connection also are in detail considered.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory