High Energy Particle Physics

1912 Submissions

[18] viXra:1912.0547 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-31 10:40:31

The Qubit Model: A Platonic and Exceptional Quantum Theory

Authors: Lucian M Ionescu
Comments: 17 Pages.

Recently, GUTs based on the exceptional Lie algebras attempt unification of interactions of the Standard Model as a gauge field theory, e.g. Garrett Lisi's E8-TOE. But the modern growing trend in quantum physics is based on the Quantum Information Processing paradigm (QIP). The present proposal will develop the Qubit Model, a QIP analog of the Quark Model within the SM framework. The natural principle that "quantum interactions should be discrete", technically meaning the reduction of the gauge group to finite subgroups of SO(3)/SU(2), implies that qubit-frames (3D-pixels), playing the role of baryons, have the Platonic symmetries as their Klein Geometry (Three generations of flavors): T,O,I, and hence their "doubles", the binary point groups are the root systems E6,7,8 of the exceptional Lie algebras, which control their Quantum Dynamics. The Qubit Model conceptually reinterprets the experimental heritage modeled into the SM, and has clear prospects of explaining the mass spectrum of elementary particles, consistent with the works of other researchers, including Mac Gregor and Palazzi regarding the quatization of mass (Elementary Particles), or Moon and Cook regarding the structure of the nucleus (Nuclear Phsyics).
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[17] viXra:1912.0500 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-29 16:16:05

On a Possible Internal Structure of the Tau

Authors: Fabrizio Vassallo
Comments: 3 Pages.

The mass of the tau is found to be three times that of a preon described in precedent articles. From this we make an hypothesis about its internal structure.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[16] viXra:1912.0452 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-24 22:15:11

Anyon Statistics and the Topology of Dark Matter

Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 13 Pages. Work in progress.

Matching current observations on non-baryonic Dark Matter (DM), Cantor Dust was recently conjectured to emerge as large-scale topological structure in the early Universe. The mechanism underlying the formation of Cantor Dust hinges on dimensional condensation of spacetime endowed with minimal fractality. It is known that anyons are quasiparticles exhibiting anomalous statistics and fractional charges in 2+1 spacetime. This brief report is a preliminary exploration of the intriguing analogy between anyons and the Cantor Dust picture of DM.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[15] viXra:1912.0433 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-24 04:25:15

Electron-Positron Pairs

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

In new research published in EPJ D, Paul-Antoine Hervieux at the University of Strasbourg, France and Himadri Chakraborty at Northwest Missouri State University, USA, reveal the characteristics of positronium formation within football-shaped nanoparticles, C60, for the first time. [28] An HZB team at BESSY II has, for the first time, experimentally assessed the principal microscopic process of ultra-fast magnetism. [27] Scientists at Harvard have developed a bismuth-based, two-dimensional superconductor that is only one nanometer thick. [26] Cuprates hold the record high superconducting temperature at ambient pressure so far, but understanding their superconducting mechanism remains one of the great challenges of physical sciences listed as one of 125 quests announced by Science. [25]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[14] viXra:1912.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-16 12:57:10

Leptons Tracking New Physics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

Do the anomalies observed in the LHCb experiment in the decay of B mesons hide hitherto unknown particles from outside the currently valid and well-tested Standard Model? [39] "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino-the antimatter partner of a neutrino-with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[13] viXra:1912.0292 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-16 08:32:27

CERN Streamlines with Theoretical Physicists

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 15 Pages.

Together, these developments mark a new approach to open and reproducible research at the LHC. The ATLAS Collaboration will continue to focus on creating rich, preservable open access tools-such as the open likelihoods-and looks forward to the compelling new insights they create. [11] The Higgs boson was discovered in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS Experiments at CERN, but its coupling to other particles remains a puzzle. [10] Higgs boson decaying into bottom quarks. Now, scientists are tackling its relationship with the top quark. [9] Usha Mallik and her team used a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to help build a sub-detector at the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, located in Switzerland. They're running experiments on the sub-detector to search for a pair of bottom quarks-subatomic yin-and-yang particles that should be produced about 60 percent of the time a Higgs boson decays. [8] A new way of measuring how the Higgs boson couples to other fundamental particles has been proposed by physicists in France, Israel and the US. Their technique would involve comparing the spectra of several different isotopes of the same atom to see how the Higgs force between the atom's electrons and its nucleus affects the atomic energy levels. [7] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[12] viXra:1912.0273 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-14 04:44:40

Colliding Molecules and Antiparticles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 82 Pages.

Marcos Barp and Felipe Arretche from the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil have modelled the interaction between simple molecules and antiparticles known as positrons and found that this model agreed well with experimental observations. [46] Researchers from Sweden's Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg present a new method which can double the energy of a proton beam produced by laser-based particle accelerators. [45] Approximately one year ago, a spectacular dive into Saturn ended NASA's Cassini mission—and with it a unique, 13-year research expedition to the Saturnian system. [44]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[11] viXra:1912.0265 [pdf] replaced on 2020-08-29 06:40:01

Some Problems about the Source of Mass in the Electroweak Theory

Authors: Ting-Hang Pei
Comments: 24 Pages.

In the electroweak theory, the Higgs mechanism makes the gauge bosons obtain their mass. If the vacuum states of the Higgs fields are the sources of mass for the massive gauge bosons W and Z even electron e-, then this lowest energy v of the Higgs field must be smaller than the Higgs boson of 125 GeV and even the electron’s rest mass 0.511 MeV. Surprisingly, v is equal to 246 GeV revealed in some textbooks. Furthermore, the scalar Higgs boson is charge-zero (q=0) and spin-zero (S=0) so the vacuum states of the Higgs fields have the same characteristics. However, the W and Z bosons are all spin-1 (S=1) and moreover, W bosons are charged. Therefore, how to constitute those massive gauges bosons from the Higgs vacuum states becomes a questionable concept. On the other hand, due to the local gauge invariance, all mass terms are removed and the Yukawa coupling can provide electron’s mass through the Higgs mechanism. How to constitute the electron’s mass and other fermions from the vacuum states is another serious problem. Especially, the electron-positron pair production from two photons directly reveals electron and positron from the photon fields above 1.022 MeV, not from the Higgs field, and no coupling exists between the photon and Higgs fields in the standard model. The mass-energy equivalence shows the mass of particle coming from energy such as high-energy photons, the vacuum states of Higgs fields don’t possess stable energy to support electron with almost infinite lifetime.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[10] viXra:1912.0262 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-13 09:23:04

Proton Spin Precession Tuning

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 83 Pages.

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a non-invasive way to measure the "spin tune" of polarized protons at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—an important factor for maintaining these spinning particles' alignment. [46] “Spin has surprises. Everybody thought it’s simple … and it turns out it’s much more complicated,” Aschenauer says. [45] Approximately one year ago, a spectacular dive into Saturn ended NASA's Cassini mission—and with it a unique, 13-year research expedition to the Saturnian system. [44]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[9] viXra:1912.0216 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-11 11:04:37

Leptonic Decay D+->T+VT

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 87 Pages.

The Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) collaboration, a large team of researchers from universities worldwide conducting particle physics studies has recently reported the first observation of the leptonic decay D+→τ+ντ. [48] Instead, it involves smashing electrons into protons at nearly the speed of light, then measuring how far the electrons travel when they bounce off, or scatter, from the protons. [47] Ten years ago, just about any nuclear physicist could tell you the approximate size of the proton. But that changed in 2010, when atomic physicists unveiled a new method that promised a more precise measurement. [46]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[8] viXra:1912.0185 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-10 10:00:44

Accelerators Clean the Environment

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 73 Pages.

All that was needed was some intrepid scientist or engineer to come up with an accelerator that was cost-effective, compact and user-friendly enough to clean wastewater on an industrial scale. [43] Electrical engineers in the accelerator physics group at TU Darmstadt have developed a design for a laser-driven electron accelerator so small it could be produced on a silicon chip. [42] Using short laser pulses, a research team led by Misha Ivanov of the Max Born Institute in Berlin, together with scientists from the Russian Quantum Center in Moscow, has shed light on the extremely rapid processes taking place within these novel materials. [41]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[7] viXra:1912.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-09 13:01:42

Proton-Hydrogen Collision Model

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 84 Pages.

The motions of plasmas may be notoriously difficult to model, but they can be better understood by analysing what happens when protons are scattered by atoms of hydrogen. [47] Ten years ago, just about any nuclear physicist could tell you the approximate size of the proton. But that changed in 2010, when atomic physicists unveiled a new method that promised a more precise measurement. [46] “Spin has surprises. Everybody thought it’s simple … and it turns out it’s much more complicated,” Aschenauer says. [45]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[6] viXra:1912.0113 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-06 05:10:56

Strong Lasers Fusion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 27 Pages.

During nuclear fusion two atomic nuclei fuse into one new nucleus. In the lab this can be done by particle accelerators, when researchers use fusion reactions to create fast free neutrons for other experiments. [15] A new 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation tool developed by researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and CEA Saclay is enabling cutting-edge simulations of laser/plasma coupling mechanisms that were previously out of reach of standard PIC codes used in plasma research. [14] Researchers from Osaka University have developed a technique for improving accuracy of laser beam shaping and wavefront obtained by conventional methods with no additional cost by optimizing virtual phase grating. [13]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[5] viXra:1912.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-05 14:23:18

Alternate Models of Some of the Leptons

Authors: William L. Stubbs
Comments: 9 Pages.

It is shown here that the three leptons, the electron, the muon and the tau, appear to not be fundamental as declared by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, but are, instead, made of component particles. Electron-like particles here dubbed beta electrons and beta positron make up muons and free electrons. Muons are made of 103 beta electron-beta positron pairs plus a valence beta electron or beta positron surrounding a muon neutrino or antineutrino. The electron is beta electron orbiting an electron neutrino and the positron, a beta positron orbiting an electron antineutrino. The tau also appears to be beta electrons and beta positrons surrounding a tau neutrino or antineutrino; however, a definitive model is not offered here. Consequently, all three leptons and their antiparticles appear to be made of the beta electrons and positrons and their respective neutrinos or antineutrinos.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[4] viXra:1912.0083 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-04 12:14:26

The Particles Inside the Proton

Authors: William L. Stubbs
Comments: 10 Pages.

It shows here that the results of the electron-proton deep inelastic scattering experiments can be interpreted to show that the proton and the neutron are made of eight pions. The experiments also appear to show that the pions are made of electrons and positrons. Consequently, the proton appears to be made of 917 electrons and 918 positrons.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[3] viXra:1912.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-03 04:37:43

Laser Beams Meet Plasma

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 61 Pages.

New research from the University of Rochester will enhance the accuracy of computer models used in simulations of laser-driven implosions. [39] By using an infrared laser beam to induce a phenomenon known as an electron avalanche breakdown near the material, the new technique is able to detect shielded material from a distance. [38] The light scattered by plasmonic nanoparticles is useful, but some of it gets lost at the surface and scientists are now starting to figure out why. [37] In a new review, researchers have described the fundamental physics that causes magnetoelectricity from a theoretical viewpoint. [36] Physicists at EPFL propose a new "quantum simulator": a laser-based device that can be used to study a wide range of quantum systems. [35] The DESY accelerator facility in Hamburg, Germany, goes on for miles to host a particle making kilometer-long laps at almost the speed of light. Now researchers have shrunk such a facility to the size of a computer chip. [34] University of Michigan physicists have led the development of a device the size of a match head that can bend light inside a crystal to generate synchrotron radiation in a lab. [33] A new advance by researchers at MIT could make it possible to produce tiny spectrometers that are just as accurate and powerful but could be mass produced using standard chip-making processes. [32] Scientists from the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[2] viXra:1912.0059 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-03 05:15:03

Controlling Antimatter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

The success of ALPHA and ASACUSA has also inspired a new generation of antimatter experiments. [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[1] viXra:1912.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2019-12-02 02:51:54

Neutrino Experiments

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

If it turns out that neutrinos and antineutrinos oscillate in a different way from one another, this may partially account for the present-day matter–antimatter imbalance. [21] Studying this really interesting particle that's all around us, and yet is so hard to measure, that could hold the key to understanding why we're here at all, is exciting—and I get to do this for a living," says Mauger. [20] In the Standard Model of particle physics, elementary particles acquire their masses by interacting with the Higgs field. This process is governed by a delicate mechanism: electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB). [19]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics