Biochemistry

1708 Submissions

[102] viXra:1708.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:13:35

Why not a Stress Test in an Asymptomatic Person? “The World is Drowning…….”

Authors: Sonia Mishra, Ajay Mishra, Jagdish P Mishra
Comments: 4 Pages.

While growing up, I remember someone telling me a poignant story: “Once a teenager was drowning in a river, he started to yell, “Help me; help me, the world is drowning...........” Well, I will come back to this story at the end of this article... The really so very pertinent question in Medicine is: Should we do any test when someone is asymptomatic? In Cardiology, the very simple question to be asked is: “Do we need to do a stress test when a person is asymptomatic?” Whether that person is truly asymptomatic or not is altogether a different kind of question, however most of the guidelines (US, European and others) state not to do a stress test when a person is asymptomatic (Class III Indication). You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[101] viXra:1708.0457 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:15:16

Diagnosis and Management of Infective Endocarditis in Patient with Ventricular Septal Defect: A Report of Clinical Case from Dakar, Senegal

Authors: Mohamed Leye, Momar Dioum, Adama Sawadogo, Modibo Doumbia, Joseph Mingou, Dominique Bindia, Arame Diagne Diallo, Magalie Kaya, Simon Manga, Kadia Ba, Ousmane Dieye, Ibrahima Bara Diop
Comments: 3 Pages.

Infective Endocarditis (IE) due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare serious complication in the patients with congenital heart diseases. The authors report a case of pneumococcal endocarditis in a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with VSD. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[100] viXra:1708.0456 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:16:21

Efficacy of High-Resolution Epicardial Ultrasonography in Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors: Masaya Oi, Ryuji Higashita, Noboru Ishikawa
Comments: 2 Pages.

In cardiovascular surgery, it is important to identify the target vessel and to assess the quality of vascular structure. Preoperative enhanced computed tomography (CT) and angiography give us that information; however, we sometimes encounter difficulties due to limitation of those preoperative examinations. Intraoperative use of 15-MHz high-frequency epicardial ultrasound with small probe has a great potential to detect small vessels and it will give us benefits in cardiovascular operations, especially coronary artery bypass surgery You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[99] viXra:1708.0455 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:17:11

Massive Bleeding After Median Sternotomy: Case Report of an Infrequent Complication of Infective Endocarditis

Authors: Laura Varela Barca, Jose Lopez Menendez, Ana Redondo Palacios, Jorge Rodriguez Roda Stuart
Comments: 3 Pages.

bstract We report an unusual complication of acute infective endocarditis, found in a 70 year-old man with a previous history of two cardiac surgery procedures. The first one was a full root replacement (BentallDe Bono procedure), associated with three bypasses (one mammary and two vein grafts). The second procedure was a mitral valve replacement through a right thoracotomy ought to native mitral valve endocarditis. In the current admission, echocardiography showed a periaortic abscess (Figure 1) and severe prosthetic mitral valve insufficiency. CT scan showed a big collection in the anterior mediastinal space adjacent to the composite graft (Figure 2), which was suspected to be purulent material. A third surgical intervention was programmed despite the extreme surgical risk. During the median sternotomy, a massive bleeding occurred. It was originated in the mediastinal collection, which truly was a collection of contained bleeding, originated in the 10 yearsold anastomosis of the saphenous vein to the composite graft, which was completely detached due to endocarditic involvement of the aortic graft. The institution of cardiopulmonary bypass before sternal opening enabled the surgical team to maintain a stable hemodynamic situation and to continue the procedure satisfactorily. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[98] viXra:1708.0454 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:18:32

Total Artificial Heart as the Destination Therapy: A Review

Authors: Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Salman Assad, Maryam Khan, Saba Ahmed, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Sriharsha Chakravarthi Athota, Jonathan Constantin
Comments: 6 Pages.

Introduction: For the patients awaiting cardiac transplantation, mechanical circulatory support has been widely utilized in the form of left ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. Both total artificial heart and left ventricular assist device have been approved for the use as a bridge to transplantation therapy; however only left ventricular assist device has been approved for use as the destination therapy. The purpose of this review is to establish, using this literature, the possibility for the artificial heart transplant to be used as destination therapy besides highlighting the recent developments in this area of research in order to narrate the future of artificial heart transplantation. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[97] viXra:1708.0441 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 06:54:16

Vascular Effects of Cannabis: Case Report and Review of Literature

Authors: Homa Timlin, Kirthi Machireddy, Luc Nguyen, Hilda T Draeger
Comments: 3 Pages.

Marijuana is the 3rd most popular recreational drug and the use of recreational and medical marijuana has been legalized in several states. Knowledge of both acute and chronic adverse effects of cannabis is essential when counseling the public. We report 2 cases who developed arteritis and Raynaud’s as a squeal of long term cannabis use and provide a literature review. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[96] viXra:1708.0440 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 06:56:21

Renal and Paraspinal Mass in a Patient with Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: Does Biopsy of one Mass Reflect Pathology in the other

Authors: Homa Timlin, Michael Phillips, Jeremy Hackworth, Duvuru Geetha
Comments: 2 Pages.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) is a necrotizing vacuities affecting medium and small sized blood vessels and produces necrotizing granulomas often involving the upper and lower respiratory tract . GPA can present as tumor like masses in the breast and kidney. However, an association between GPA and renal cell cancer has also been reported. We report a GPA patient who presented with abdominal pain and was found to have a renal and paraspinal mass which were biopsied revealing two distinct pathologic entities. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[95] viXra:1708.0439 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 06:57:23

Pseudo-Pseudo Meigs’ Syndrome in Rheumatology

Authors: Vitorino Modesto dos Santos
Comments: 1 Page.

The Meigs’ Syndrome (MS) described in 1937 by Meigs and Cass was characterized by benign ovarian fibroma, ascites and hydrothorax that resolve after the tumor removal. Peritoneal and pleural fluids of the patients originally with MS were transudates. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[94] viXra:1708.0438 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 06:58:24

Needle Versus Forceps Technique in Ultrasound-Guided Synovial Biopsy of the Knee Joint

Authors: Thomas Hügle, Piotr Urbaniak, Magdalena Müller-Gerbl, Christian Marx, Giorgio Tamborrini
Comments: 3 Pages.

Objectives: Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy is increasingly applied in rheumatology. Usually forceps- or needle-based techniques are used. So far there has been no direct comparison of different devices regarding their suitability in high resolution musculoskeletal ultrasound (hrMSUS)-guided synovial biopsy. Methods: A core needle biopsy (Quickcore, Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN, USA), an anterograde arthroscopy forceps (Karl Storz GmbH, Tuttlingen, Germany), a retrograde forceps (Retroforce, KarlStorz GmbH Tuttlingen, Germany) and an convexly shaped integrated core needle system (Synovex, Hipp Medical, Kolbingen, Germany) were tested for ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy of the suprapatellar recess in cadaver knee joints. Four senior rheumatologists scored each intervention from 0-5 regarding the following characteristics: visualization, handiness, accuracy, synovial tissue yield, invasiveness and overall suitability. Each intervention was recorded as static images and video clips. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[93] viXra:1708.0437 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 06:59:31

Myelomeningocele as Newborn Complication of Lupus Patient. a Singular Case.

Authors: TMSc. Urbano Solis Cartas, MSc. Guillermo Gualpa Jaramillo, Dr.C. Pablo Djabayan Djibeyan, MSc. Lilia del Carmen Villavicencio Narváez
Comments: 4 Pages.

Introduction: pregnancy is considered a risk in patients with rheumatic diseases. The relationship between pregnancy and rheumatic diseases is colored by exacerbation or remission of the disease and possible effects of pregnancy and your final product. Disorders of neural tube development are the second largest group of congenital malformations, with the myelomeningocele is one of the most common malformations. Case presentation: the case of a newborn with myelomeningocele, the son of a female patient of 27 years diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus 4 years of evolution is presented. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[92] viXra:1708.0436 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:01:29

Tropical Infection Induced Hemophagocytic LymphoHistiocytosis

Authors: Pannu AK, Sharma N
Comments: 4 Pages.

Tropical infections include Dengue, Malaria, Scrub Typhus, Leptospirosis, Typhoid and some other fevers, lead to high morbidity and mortality. Many of these cases have multi-organ dysfunction and require intensive care unit care. Hemophagocytic LymphoHistiocytosis (HLH), represent a severe hyper-inflammatory condition, can complicate the clinical course of tropical fevers. Methods: Here we report the clinico-pathological features, laboratory data, treatment and outcome of 3 cases of tropical fever (2 scrub typhus and 1 dengue) complicated by HLH. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[91] viXra:1708.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:02:30

Dermatomyositis as Initial Presentation of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: a Case Report and Review of Literature

Authors: Pannu AK, Varma SC
Comments: 3 Pages.

The increased incident of malignancy is well established in patients with inflammatory myopathies and specifically in Dermatomyositis (DM). However, the association between DM and Hodgkin’s Disease (HD) is very unusual. We have recently had the opportunity of observing a patient who manifested the clinical features of DM and found to have HD after a detailed work up. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[90] viXra:1708.0434 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:03:24

Aplastic Anemia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Better Prognosis Acquired Aplastic Anemia

Authors: Pannu AK, Varma SC
Comments: 2 Pages.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is an uncommon hematologic manifestation of systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) with significant difference in the course and outcome from other forms of acquired AA due to underlying immune mediated mechanism of the disease. Here we report a case of SLE with thrombocytopenia at presentation and later evolved to develop pancytopenia with bone marrow aplasia. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[89] viXra:1708.0433 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:04:28

Warfarin Related Nephropathy: a Case Report from a Tertiary Hospital of North India and Review of Literature

Authors: Pannu AK, Vohra G, Agarwal P
Comments: 3 Pages.

Warfarin is the most widely used anticoagulant to treat or prevent thrombotic complications since its approval in the 1950s. Bleeding is the most common complication of warfarin and the risk increases sharply with the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Warfarin Related Nephropathy (WRN) is a newly recognised disease entity and an undiagnosed complication of warfarin. It occurs with over anticoagulation and is associated with increased renal morbidity and all cause mortality. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[88] viXra:1708.0432 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:06:42

Farmers Perception on Fungicide Use for Developing Sustainable Environment and Conservation of Biodiversity: A Study in Cooch Behar District of India

Authors: Ganesh Das
Comments: 4 Pages.

Fungicide was essential for control of infestation of fungus on different crop. Farmers were use different type of fungicide on crop field. Their perception on fungicide use may be different. Different government and private organisation took initiative to aware the farmer about the use of fungicide. But still a problem was found by Cooch Behar Krishi Vigyan Kendra that farmer perception of fungicides use were not homogeneous and the different sources of information may be use by the farmers for fungicide application. So a study was conducted at Gopalpur village in Cooch Behar district, West Bengal, India to know the farmer perception on fungicide use and sources of information utilize for fungicide application. The data were collected during June, 2016. The research design was followed in the study was survey research method. The sample size of the study was 100.The dependent variable of this study was perception and independent variables were age, gender, number of family member, caste, land holding, education, annual income and sources of information. The descriptive statistics like frequency, percentage, Pearson’s product moment correlation and other statistical tools were used for the investigation. This study had shown the relation of the perception of fungicide use with the different independent variable and the role of different extension mechanism for fungicide information providing. It was concluded from the study that farmers’ perception of fungicide use were not homogeneous and the different socio-economic variable may affect the perception of the farmers on fungicide use. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[87] viXra:1708.0431 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:07:43

Evaluation of Different Crop Sequence Production Potential, Economics and Nutrient Balance under New Alluvial Situation Of NEPZ

Authors: Dhiman Mukherjee
Comments: 5 Pages.

A field experiment was conducted during 2014-16 at Kalyani, under the aegis of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidayalayathe to evaluate the most profitable and efficient cropping systems for indogangetic belt of west Bengal. Treatment comprised of 14 cropping sequence system tested in randomized block design with three replications. For comparison between crop sequences, the yields of all crop sequences were converted into rice equivalent on price basis. With various treatments, more rice equivalent yield was observed with rice-mung sequence (5897 kg/ha), and was significantly higher than rest of the sequence during kharif season and was at par with the maize-wheat (5868 kg/ha), chilly- wheat (5694 kg/ha) and maizecabbage (5503 kg/ha) system. This tested crop sequence resulted in 21.9, 21.3, 17.7 and 13.7 % more grain yield over traditional practice of rice- wheat system, which is most dominant in this region. However, during Rabi season rice- potato (6613 kg/ha), gave significantly more economic yield compare to all other cropping pattern. This sequence resulted in 128.1 % more rice equivalent grain yield over traditional practice of rice- wheat system. Further, rice - cauliflower sequence gave the highest net return (Rs. 97.58 thousand/ha), followed by rice – chickpea (Rs. 88.69 thousand/ha) and rice – mung (Rs. 84.36 thousand/ha). Higher benefit: cost ratio was obtained from ricemung (2.23) and was just followed by chilly –wheat (2.22) and ricecauliflower (2.19) cropping sequence. Present work revealed that, productivity, profitability and sustainable yield index were higher under rice – cauliflower and rice – mung cropping sequence then the traditional rice –wheat sequence. Further, overall nutrient mining by this system was quite low compared to other sequences and suitable under this zone. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[86] viXra:1708.0430 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:08:51

Supply Chains and Rural Communities: Applying Terroir to American Rural Development

Authors: Joseph Molnar, Jolene Glenn
Comments: 5 Pages.

Terroir is a French concept establishing the natural ecology, cultural history, and social organizations of a community create unique agricultural food products. This paper outlines the conceptual foundation for quality promotion in the in the supply chain of geographically differentiated agricultural products. It identifies production processes and pressures determining the current and potential change shaping the commodity chain. It delineates who and how value is added though all stages of production from farm to consumer. The significance of these types of crops in terms of economic as well as cultural value warrants high investment in insuring its terroir, identity, and quality. The actors involved in each stage of production are identified. Many products possessing terroir are advanced and protected by these social groups. The study is part of a larger research project concerning the terroir of Vidalia Onions and through quality and identity development, preservation of the economic and cultural assets of southern Georgia. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[85] viXra:1708.0429 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:09:51

Using Ahp for Evaluation of Criteria for Agro-Industrial Projects

Authors: Gregory Yom Din, Aislu B Yunusova
Comments: 6 Pages.

The article describes an application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluation of criteria for agro-industrial projects. For this purpose, a database was collected from interviews with experts in agricultural regions of Russia (South Urals) in 2015-2016. Experts are classified according to their relationship to agro-industrial business, work experience, education, and gender. The questionnaire was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process methodology. Part of the questions was based on the approach of the prospect theory in order to identify expert attitude to risk associated with the implementation of investment projects. In total, 226 experts responded to the questionnaire. Criteria of agro-industrial projects - financial, social, and risk criteria - were ranked according to their importance and taking into account the expert attitude to risk. Estimates of the criteria importance and expert features analyzed in the study may be used to improve the presentation of agro-industrial projects thus contributing to their successful evaluation. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[84] viXra:1708.0428 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-29 07:11:02

Computational Identification of Conserved Domains from Genomic Survey Sequences in Green Gram [vigna Radiata (L.) R. Wilczek]

Authors: Ramprasad Eruvuri, Prasad Gajula MNV, Durga Rani V, Anuradha1, Vanisri S
Comments: 4 Pages.

With recent advances in the field of genome sequencing, analysis and availability of large genomic data in the public domain, we made an attempt to survey the presence of the conserved domains, super families and multi domains having putative functions identified from green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] Genomic Survey Sequences (GSS) using computational tools. In this study we have been identified the various conserved domains, super families having putative functions for fundamental, metabolic, developmental, evolutionary processes and physiogenic nature from the query sequences. This study was beneficial in the area of comparativ e genomics for the identification of important genes and also development of functional molecular markers in identified genes for green gram and its related crops improvement. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[83] viXra:1708.0410 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 04:13:54

Gene Editing: do not Forget About Animal Agriculture

Authors: Yanina Petracca, Alison L. Van Eenennaam, Martin Alfredo Lema
Comments: 2 Pages.

In vivo gene editing techniques have attracted great interest, not only in the scientific community, but also among regulatory agencies worldwide. Within the agricultural sector, gene-edited organisms pose an opportunity to help with broad challenges such as climate change, disease and pest pressure and increasing demands for agri food products . Nevertheless, there are ongoing debates on how to handle such challenges at the regulatory level that need to be solved as a sine qua non condition for these organisms to have a chance of becoming commercially available. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[82] viXra:1708.0409 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 04:15:10

Socio-Commercial Agri-Biotech Model for Rural Development in India by Combining Livestock and Organic Farming Practices

Authors: Abhishek Cukkemane
Comments: 4 Pages.

India experienced major success in agriculture productivity, post-green revolution, due to use of fertilizers. Around the same time, operation flood made India from a milk-deficient to highest producer by introducing exotic breeds. These approaches resulted in food and milk security but at a cost of decrease in soil health and loss in animal farming especially indigenous breeds of cattle. Since few years, educated medium land holding farmers have adopted organic farming practises. But, the supply of high quality organic manures remains a bottle neck in many sectors. It is therefore necessary to highlight the importance of combining organic- and cattle farming to the rural folk by introducing socio-commercial models based on modern biotechnological processes that can convert animal wastes into high quality manures on a mass-scale that can be efficiently marketed in the rural areas. Such practise will make small and medium land holding farmers adopt cattle farms, which will in turn be an epicenter for rural development by constant supply of manures to the farmers at a reasonable price. Therefore, we briefly highlight the impact of farming revolutions and the problems faced by farmers in India. Our analysis of the total cattle waste in India and the area of arable land, we highlight the possibility of organic farming across the nation. By utilizing readily available raw materialist is possible to accommodate socio-commercial model that can result in revenue generation by combining organic- and animal- farming practises for agronomic and rural development. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[81] viXra:1708.0408 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 04:16:21

Zika Virus Infection: An Emergency of International Concern

Authors: Sunny Mandal, Sudhish Mishra, Prabir K. Mandal
Comments: 2 Pages.

The Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus, meaning that it is insect vector-borne disease, most commonly transmitted through Aedes mosquitoes. ZIKV was first identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys through a network that monitored yellow fever. It was later identified in humans. ZIKV is endemic to parts of Africa and Asia, but over the past months, a large number of locally acquired cases have been discovered in Brazil. The number of cases and the locations of the outbreak qualify ZIKV as a rapidly growing epidemic threat. The ZIKV causes microcephaly, small heads and often damaged brains, which may not have developed properly during pregnancy or may have stopped growing in the first years of life. These children may experience a range of problems, like developmental delays, intellectual deficits or hearing loss. Until recently, Zika was not considered a major threat because its symptoms are relatively mild. There is no widely available test for Zika infection. Infection with Zika virus may be suspected based on symptoms and recent history of travel. A diagnosis of Zika virus infection can only be confirmed through laboratory tests on blood or other body fluids, such as urine, saliva or semen. Protection against mosquito bites is a key measure to prevent Zika virus infection. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[80] viXra:1708.0407 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 04:17:55

Development and Evaluation of a Multiplex PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Five Foodborne Pathogens

Authors: Thuy Trang Nguyen, Vo Van Giau, Tuong Kha Vo
Comments: 9 Pages.

Foodborne pathogens present serious concerns to human health and can even lead to fatalities. The gold standard for pathogen identification – bacterial culture – is costly and time consuming. A cheaper and quicker alternative will benefit in controlling food safety. In this study, we developed a multiplex-PCR protocol for simultaneous detection of five Foodborne pathogens including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Vibrio cholerae, based on five genes stx1, femA, invA, iap, và ctxA, respectively. Specific primers for multiplex PCR amplification of the stx (Shiga-like toxin), nuc (thermo nuclease), inv A (invasion protein A), iap (invasive associative protein), and ctx A (cholera toxin A) genes that were established to amplify simultaneous detection of the target pathogens. The assay was also validated for its specificity, sensitivity, and applied to test some spiked food samples. The results showed the products expected multiplex PCR fragments of approximately 112, 244, 301, 453, 518 and 720bp for S. aureus, Salmonella spp. V. cholera, L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and 16S rRNA, respectively. The assay was specific to the targeted pathogens and was sufficiently sensitive and robust to effectively analyze market samples. The whole process took less than 24 h to complete indicating that the assay is suitable for reliable and rapid identification of these five foodborne pathogens, which could be suitable in microbial epidemiology investigation. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[79] viXra:1708.0398 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:08:24

The Therapeutic Potential of Cocos Nucifera Water on Cadmium-Induced Lipid Toxicity in Male Rat

Authors: Olabisi O. Ogunrinola, Omolade O. Fajana, Babakunle O. Williams, Eunice Ogedengbe, Ajibola A. Onifade, Francisca C. Ekeocha, Kareemat O. Shasore
Comments: 6 Pages.

Cocos nucifera (Coconut) water is one of the world natural products with increasing scientific evidence that support its role in health and medicinal application. This study was undertaken to investigate the therapeutic potential of Cocos nucifera water on cadmium-induced toxicity in male rat. Sixty-four animals were randomly grouped into five, groups 3, 4, 5 (n=16) were exposed to 100, 200, and 300 ppm cadmium doses for 6 weeks in their drinking water as cadmium chloride. At the end of 6 weeks, eight from each group were sacrificed and the remaining was administered with 10 % coconut water for a week. Control animals (n=8; group 1) received distilled water and Cocos nucifera water (n=8; group 2) for the same six week period. Lipid profile analysis revealed that cadmiuminduction exhibited different dyslipidemia patterns. Significant dose-dependent hypocholesterolemia, hypotriacylglyceridemia and hypophospholipidemia characterized the effect of cadmium exposure at all doses while Cocos nucifera water treatment for a week reverse these effects by 4, 24 and 22 % in plasma and 16, 15 and 2 % in the erythrocytes respectively. The exposure to cadmium resulted in reduced cholesterol, triacylglyceride concentration in the brain and cholesterol, phospholipids concentrations in the hepatic compartments. Also, the exposure caused an increase in brain phospholipids and hepatic triacylglycerides concentrations. The administration of Cocos nucifera water significantly (p < 0.05) reverses these effects. Our findings indicate that although the cadmium-exposure at different doses resulted in down and upregulation of lipid profile, the administration of Cocos nucifera water was able to reverse the damage caused by cadmium-induced toxicity. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[78] viXra:1708.0397 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:11:18

Degradation and Human Health Risk Assessment of Underground Water of Trans Ganga-Yamuna Rural Regions of a North Indian District

Authors: Ayesha Mariya, K.P. Singh, Ashutosh Tripathi, Mohd Masood, Niraj Kumar
Comments: 9 Pages.

The present study investigates the physico-chemical qualities and fecal contamination of ground water; and related health risks of rural areas of trans-Ganga and Yamuna region of a North-Indian district, Allahabad, India. The pH, turbidity, TDS, BOD, and COD, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride and fecal coliform contamination was estimated in 269 water samples of 14 villages. Higher levels of turbidity, alkalinity, chloride and fecal contamination in ground water of trans-Yamuna area were found as compared to trans-Ganga. About 75% samples of trans-Yamuna were contaminated with faecal coliform as compared to trans-Ganga region (55%).Significant positive correlation existed between chloride, TDS, alkalinity (r=0.74- 0.91; p < 0.05), hardness and pH (r = 0.75-0.85; p < 0.05). The Relative Risk (RR) of some waterborne diseases was very high (2.11-8.00) in trans-Yamuna as compared to trans-Ganga region (1.81-3.48). Furthermore, the new treatment requirement parameter (NNT) for waterborne diseases of these rural areas was also estimated, which suggests that the need of a new and improved treatment approach for these diseases is more frequent in the trans-Yamuna area as compared to trans-Ganga. Our results suggest urgent attention and intervention for improving the quality of potable water in these rural areas and to control the waterborne diseases associated to rural health risks. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[77] viXra:1708.0396 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:12:53

Fine Structure of the Gas Bladder of Alligator Gar, Atractosteus Spatula

Authors: Ahmad Omar-Ali, Wes Baumgartner, Peter J. Allen, Lora Petrie-Hanson
Comments: 8 Pages.

Anthropogenic factors seriously affect water quality and adversely affect fish populations. Agricultural run-off accumulates in the Mississippi River and the coastal estuaries. Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) inhabits these waters and is impacted by agricultural pollution, petrochemical contaminants and oil spills. These fish are bimodal air breathers, and use a primitive lung as an accessory organ. The gas bladder, or Air Breathing Organ (ABO) of alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula), is a vascularized air sac located dorsal to the body lumen. It has characteristics of amphibian lungs. Alligator gar air-breathing organs function to supplement branchial respiratory exchange with aerial gas exchange. The alligator gar gas bladder is an elongated air sac that originates dorsal to the pharynx. Air enters through a pharyngeal-esophageal duct that is controlled by two glottal ridges. The pharyngeo-esophageal duct is approximately 5mm long and is lined by ciliated columnar epithelium that is continuous with the central canal epithelium. The gas bladder has a central canal that subdivides the bladder into right and left lobes. Each lobe is further divided by septa into series of air spaces. The septa consist of blood vessels and smooth and striated muscles. Air circulates throughout the central canal, lobes and air spaces. The thickness of the septa is determined by underlying, supportive striated muscle. The internal surface of the gas bladder is a continuous respiratory epithelial layer that includes mucus cells, pneumocytes, and ciliated epithelial cells. An understanding of the normal tissue characteristics of this air breathing organ provides a baseline for studying the effects of environmental toxins on this organ. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[76] viXra:1708.0395 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:14:22

Studies on HIV Resistance to Multiple Drug Therapy (Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Nevirapine) in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria

Authors: Ibeh IN, Okungbowa, Ibeh NI, Isitua CC
Comments: 3 Pages.

Resistance to anti-retroviral drugs has long been recognized as a possible occurrence which may further complicate the management and control of microbial infections including the dreaded Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The present study evaluates cases of suspected unresponsiveness to Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Nevirapine (HAART) in Benin City Nigeria. Five adult males and females (3m, 2f) between the ages of 35 - 50 years who had been on triple drug therapy (LZN) for a minimum of five years and were terminally ill in hospitals were recruited for this study. Venous blood (5.0mls) was collected from the subjects for analysis for viral antibodies, CD4 + T cells and viral load determination. The subjects were then placed on 10.0g of Manna and 20.0mls of Bioclean II daily and observed for 120 days. Venous blood samples were collected again at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after commencement of treatment for analysis. Skin rashes disappeared after 60days. There were increases in Body weight from 47.4(Kg) to 62.4kg, CD4+ T cells from 47.3 cells/µl to 327.8 and a reduction of viral load from 253,671.5 copies/ml to 23, 240.3 copies.ml after 90 days. This finding suggests that the viruses carried by the individuals investigated in this study were not responding to Lamivudine + Zidevudine + Nevirapine. The implication is that resistance to HAART may be developing challenges to the management of HIV/AIDS in this community. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[75] viXra:1708.0394 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:15:52

Bacterial Community Structure in Activated Sludge Process

Authors: Shah M, Hiral Borasiya
Comments: 7 Pages.

Microbial activity and structure of the bacterial community of activated sludge reactors, which treated industrial wastewater, were studied. Microbial communities, including ammonia oxidation bacteria, eubacteria, actinomycetic communities were studied in two different systems of the polymerase chain electrophoresis gradient denaturing gel reaction using amplified gene fragments 16S rRNA of bacteria. Both systems, which used an anoxic-aerobic process and anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process, respectively, received the same industrial waste water, operating under the same conditions and showed the similar processing performance. Oxidizing bacterial communities of ammonia from two systems showed almost identical structures corresponding to ammonia removal like, while the bacterial community actinomycetic showed obvious differences. The anoxic-aerobic-anaerobic system showed eubacterial richer communities actinomycetic the anoxic-aerobic system. FISH results showed that the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial cells in the anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic system are increased by 3.8 ± 0.2% of the total bacterial population while those in the anoxic-aerobic system represented 1.7 ± 0.2%. Thus, the existence of an anaerobic-anoxic environment in the anaerobic-aerobic system has resulted in a marked increase in biodiversity. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[74] viXra:1708.0393 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:21:16

Optimization of Extraction Techniques SPE, QuEChERS and Ultrasound Method for Trace level Determination of Imidacloprid in Vegetables (Cabbage and Spinach) and Soil by (UFLC)

Authors: Prakash Samnani, Kamlesh Vishwakarma, Bipul Bihari Saha
Comments: 6 Pages.

Abstract A simple, sensitive, fast and inexpensive method was developed using solid-phase extraction (SPE), ultrasound and QuEChERS method with Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatography (UFLC) for trace level determination of imidacloprid in vegetables (Cabbage and Spinach) and Soil. The method was validated using Cabbage; Spinach and soil samples spiked with imidacloprid at different concentration levels (LOQ 0.01, 10 x LOQ 0.10 and 50 x LOQ 0.50 µg/g). Average recoveries (using each concentration 5 replicates) ranged from 89.39 to 99.5%, with relative standard deviations less than 2.15%, calibration solutions concentration used were in the range 0.005 - 1.0 µg/mL and limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.005 µg/mL and 0.01 µg/mL, respectively You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[73] viXra:1708.0392 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:22:23

The Importance and Applications of High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography in Biopharmaceutical and Medical Device Industries

Authors: X. Michael Liu
Comments: 1 Page.

Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) or High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC) is the most broadly accepted method for the determination of molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of macromolecules. It is a special type of liquid chromatography that separates molecules based on molecular sizes or hydrodynamic volumes and not according to partition or affinities toward the stationary phases. HPSEC is also called Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) in polymer science and gel filtration chromatography (GFC) in the biological sciences. Conventional HPSEC equipped with a concentration detector (i.e. refractive index, UV-vis, or photodiode array) acquires molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of analytes according to the elution volumes or a peak position calibration using a series of standards of known molecular weights and chemistry. Therefore, the obtained molecular weights and molecular weight distributions by conventional HPSEC are the relative ones. The advantages of conventional SEC are high robustness, excellent reproducibility, and ease of transfer between laboratories. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[72] viXra:1708.0391 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:24:17

Quantitative Analysis of KH903 from Human Serum by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study

Authors: Bing Tian Bi, Ben Y. Zou, Min J. Zhao, Wen L. Zhu, Xiao Ke, Li T. Deng, Hai Liao, Jing Zhan, Kun Y. Feng, Su Li
Comments: 6 Pages.

KH903 is a novel antiangiogenic drug for cancer therapy. Its pharmacokinetic study in cancer patients is therefore very important for choosing doses and dosing intervals in clinical application. A selective, sensitive, and rapid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method was developed and validated here for the determination of KH903 in patient serum. This method is specific enough for the detection of KH903 in serum samples. Nonlinear calibration curves were obtained for KH903 at a concentration range of 0.781-50 ng/ ml (r > 0.999). The intra-batch accuracy ranged from 83.4% to 94.5%, and the inter-batch accuracy varied from 88.8% to 91.7%. Stability tests showed that KH903 was stable throughout the analytical procedure. This study is the first to utilize the ELISA method for the pharmacokinetic study of KH903 in six cancer patients who had received a single dose of KH903 (4.0 mg/ kg) administered intravenously. The results address the pharmacokinetic profile of KH903 in cancer patients in detail and evaluate the binding efficacy of KH903 on VEGF in patients to provide guidance for the regimen of KH903 in phase I clinical trials. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[71] viXra:1708.0390 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:26:25

Simultaneous Estimation of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Tablet Dosage Form by Reverse Phase High-performance Liquid Chromatography

Authors: Bala Rami Reddy.Yenumula, Mutta Reddy.Singampalli, Bala Sekhara Reddy.Challa
Comments: 6 Pages.

A simple, rapid reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method had been developed and validated for estimation of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in tablet dosage form. The estimation was carried out on PhenomenexLuna C18 (25 cm x 4.60 mm, particle size 5 µm) column with a mixture of 10mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8): Acetonitrile; 40: 60 (v/v) as mobile phase. UV detection was performed at 260 nm. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity and sensitivity as per ICH norms. The developed and validated method was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of commercially available dosage form. The retention time was 2.81 and 7.42 min for emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate respectively and total run time was 10 min. at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/ min. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 40.00 - 240.00 µg/ mL for emtricitabine and 60.00 - 360.00 µg/ mL for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 1.54 and 4.54 µg/ mL for emtricitabine and 4.60 and 13.65 µg/ mL for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate respectively. The high percentage of recovery and low percentage coefficient of variance confirm the suitability of the method for the simultaneous estimation of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in tablet dosage form. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[70] viXra:1708.0389 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:28:05

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): The Workhorse in the Analytical Laboratory

Authors: Victoria F. Samanidou
Comments: 2 Pages.

Instrumental analysis has disposed classical chemical analysis in every analytical laboratory, since many decades, as it is faster and more productive. Beyond any doubt chromatography and above all High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the workhorse in routine analysis, either as standalone technique or hyphenated with specific and more sensitive spectroscopic techniques. Thus the detection of analytes can be feasible at low concentrations following regulatory requirements, as for example those set by environmental protection agencies, food authorities or pharmacopeias, that are getting stricter every day.
Category: Biochemistry

[69] viXra:1708.0388 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:32:59

Optimization and Evaluation of Monodispersed TetrandrineLoaded PLA Microspheres Prepared With A SPG Membrane Emulsification Technique

Authors: Jin Lu, Ai-ling Yin, Meng Zhang, Xue-e Yu, Ting-ming Fu, Hua-xu Zhu, Li-wei Guo
Comments: 11 Pages.

To improve pulmonary drug concentrations and to maximize the effectiveness and minimize the adverse side effects, uniformsized tetrandrine-loaded polylactide (PLA) microspheres with a suitable particle size for pulmonary inhalation were prepared by the Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique. The main parameters influencing PLA microsphere properties were investigated: transmembrane pressure, circulation speed, high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB value), PLA concentration and oil-water volume ratio. Narrowly size-distributed tetrandrine-loaded PLA microspheres were obtained with a high drug encapsulation efficiency of 81.0% and an average diameter of 3.16 μm under optimized conditions. The results of Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction revealed that tetrandrine would be either molecularly dispersed in the polymer or distributed in an amorphous form. Further, the in vitro drug release experiment confirmed that the uniform-sized tetrandrine-loaded PLA microspheres showed suppressed burst release. These studies provide a basis for the use of uniformly sized 3.16 μm tetrandrine-loaded PLA microspheres for pulmonary inhalation. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[68] viXra:1708.0387 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:34:45

Pharmacokinetics of Cymbopogon Citratus Infusion in Rats After Single Oral Dose Administration

Authors: Gustavo Costa, Ana Fortuna, Daniela Gonçalves, Isabel Vitória Figueiredo, Amílcar Falcão, Maria Teresa Batista
Comments: 9 Pages.

Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as lemongrass, is a tropical herb used in worldwide traditional medicine for centuries. Studies previously conducted by our team demonstrated its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and recently, the antiinflammatory potential was also observed in vivo. However, little is known about its pharmacokinetics. The current study aimed at obtaining, for the first time, the pharmacokinetic profile of lemongrass infusion after a single dose oral administration to rats. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[67] viXra:1708.0386 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:36:48

Two New Coumarins from the Leaves of Phellodendronamurense.

Authors: Zhao Zhang, Guangzhi Li, Lingchao Dai, Bengang Zhang, Jianyong Si
Comments: 4 Pages.

Two new coumarins, PhellodenolsI (1) and J (2), were isolated from the leaves of Phellodendronamurense. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The two new compounds were tested against Hela, AGS, and MGC-803 human cancer cell lines and exhibited cytotoxic activities with IC50 values between 18.71± 5.23 μM and 36.92± 4.72 μM. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[66] viXra:1708.0385 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:38:13

Rp-Hplc Method for Simultaneous Determination of Tolperisone Hcl and Diclofenac Sodium in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

Authors: G Kumaraswamy, V Swapna, D Sudheer kumar
Comments: 6 Pages.

A new method was established for simultaneous estimation of Tolperisone and Diclofenac sodium by RP-HPLC method. The chromatographic conditions were successfully developed for the separation of Tolperisone and Diclofenac sodium by using Agilent C18 column flow rate was 1ml/min, mobile phase ratio was (70:30 v/v) ACN: phosphate buffer pH 3 (pH was adjusted with orthophosphoricacid), detection wavelength was 240nm.The retention times were found to be 4.645 mins and 2.242 mins. The % purity of Tolperisone and Diclofenac sodium was found to be 100.3% and 99.27% respectively. The analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The precision study was precision, robustness and repeatability. LOD value was 2.17 and 0.0372 and LOQ value was 6.60 and 0.1125 respectively. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[65] viXra:1708.0384 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-28 02:39:23

Criteria of Patient Selection in a Clinical Trial

Authors: Michel Bourin
Comments: 4 Pages.

Which criteria will govern patient selection if this choice is to take various requirements into account and if the key problem is to obtain homogeneous groups in order to reduce variability in response and yet provide representative samples of the affection studied? The means of selecting patients will be defined by inclusion and exclusion criteria, which should be as explicit as possible. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[64] viXra:1708.0365 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 01:46:13

Endothelial Dysfunction in Mexican Obese Children, is there A Role of the Gut Microbiota?

Authors: Khemlal Nirmalkar, Selvasankar Murugesan, María Luisa Pizano-Zárate, María del Socorro Romero-Figueroa, Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo, Jaime Garcia-Mena
Comments: 4 Pages.

Endothelial dysfunction is a predisposing factor for atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases; and at the same time, endothelial dysfunction is associated to obesity. The prevalence of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and obesity is quite high among Mexican children; on the other hand, gut microbiota has been associated to obesity in the same population. Atherosclerosis is associated to gut microbiota in humans, and this association raise the possibility that endothelial dysfunction is also related with the gut microbiota in obese population. This review addresses the current knowledge of association of endothelial dysfunction, with obesity and atherosclerosis; however, there are no reports of association of endothelial dysfunction with gut microbiota through the measurement of adhesion molecules like ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and selectins. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[63] viXra:1708.0364 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 01:53:25

Disparate Body Composition Outcomes for Underwater Weighing, Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, and Two Bioelectrical Impedance Devices in Overweight Young Adults

Authors: Michelle Alencar, Kelly E. Johnson, Nathan Cole, Ann L. Gibson
Comments: 6 Pages.

Introduction: As the prevalence of obesity rises, so does the need for reliable Body Composition (BC) methods. Many methods of BC analysis exist, however validity between methods has been questioned. Uncertainty exists within the scientific literature about which laboratory method and field measurement is applicable for the overweight population to estimate Percent Body Fat (% BF). There is scarce research comparing Hydrostatic Weighing (HW) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) with field methods in overweight individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare HW and DXA with Multi-Frequency (MF-BIA) and a Single-Frequency (SFBIA) Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) device. Methods: Twenty-five overweight and obese adults (BMI 30.1 ± 4.1 kg/ m2, 13 males, 12 females, ages 24.6 ± 4.7y) were randomly assessed by vertical SF-BIA, and supine MF-BIA against DXA and lastly HW. All participants followed standardized pre-testing guidelines for BC assessment. Agreement was assessed using a 2 (group) x 4 (method) RMANOVA and post-hoc t-tests were applied as appropriate. All methods of body composition were used and compared to DXA and HW. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[62] viXra:1708.0363 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 01:54:39

Assessing Stages of Readiness to Lose Weight among Overweight and Obese Adolescents using Trans-Theoretical Model

Authors: Asmah Johari, Rosnah Sutan
Comments: 6 Pages.

Introduction: Assessing the individual’s level of readiness to change will help in losing weight and targeting for an ideal body weight. This study was aimed to determine the readiness to lose weight among overweight and obese adolescents using TransTheoretical Model (TTM) assessment tool. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 631 adolescents aged 13 to 19 years whose screened as overweight or obese (body mass index for age with z-score of ≥ 1 SD from WHO Reference 2007). Samples were selected using multistage random sampling from secondary level schools of two urban districts. The students had completed the translated and validated TTM constructs questionnaire and were categorized according to five stages of readiness to lose weight. One way ANOVA and MANOVA were used to analyze the relationship between stages of readiness to lose weight according to TTM assessment tool. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[61] viXra:1708.0362 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 01:55:54

Understanding Weight Change While Incarcerated: Qualitative Groundwork for a Collaborative Health Intervention

Authors: Nell Baldwin, Amber Cardoos, Jennifer G. Clarke
Comments: 7 Pages.

In the context of the ever-increasing incarcerated population in the U.S. and our “obesity epidemic,” recent work has investigated whether incarcerated individuals are at higher risk for obesity and related diseases. We build on this scholarship by interviewing incarcerated men and women, as well as correctional facility staff to parse the barriers and facilitators to maintaining a healthy weight on the inside. This qualitative analysis forms the groundwork for a collaborative health intervention to address weight gain and weight maintenance in a U.S. correctional facility. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[60] viXra:1708.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 01:57:38

Obesity and Cancer: Evidence, Postulated Mechanisms and Prospectives

Authors: Hala Fawzy Mohamed Kamel, Hiba Saeed A Bagader Al-Amodi, Mohammed Hasan Mukhtar
Comments: 11 Pages.

Obesity is a major health problem tremendously increasing worldwide, obesity has been accompanied by a state of metabolic dysregulation, characterized by insulin resistance and may be associated with many comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Lately a great attention has been gained toward the association of obesity with certain cancers. Numerous studies and meta-analysis reported that, obesity is associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, postmenopausal breast cancer, and endometrial, renal, pancreatic, prostate and colorectal cancers. In spite of, the evidence of such association that link obesity with risk and recurrence or death from cancer, however the linking mechanisms has not been yet fully explained. Obesity may promote cancer by: 1) alteration of adipocytokines: Leptin, adiponectin, resistin and visfatin with promotion of angiogenesis and interactions with other mediators and cytokines. 2) Hypoxia and angiogenesis due to expansion of adipose tissue with release of certain mediators that stimulate angiogenesis. 3) Metaflammation state of low grade and chronic inflammation that merely stimulate release of cytokines as (TNFα) and (IL-6) and the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling. 4) Insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia and increased levels of insulin and growth factors as IGFs and IGF binding proteins. 5) Increased levels of sex steroids, including estradiol and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) particularly in cases of endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancers. 6) oxidative stress and reduction of antioxidants with possibility of oxidative damage or mutation of DNA. 7) epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation , histones and chromatin remodeling factors . In fact, it remains unclear how the convergence of these mechanisms may drive obesity-associated cancer, considering the complex and multi-factorial characterization of cancer as well as the variation of genetics background of obese subjects. Prospective studies is worth pursuing especially towards therapeutic implications to prevent or treat obesity- associated cancer. Our aim is providing updated and comprehensive review about postulated and prospective links and molecular mechanisms between obesity and cancer, focusing upon mechanistic mediators that may drive obesity- associated cancers and may be targeted molecules for prospectives therapies. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[59] viXra:1708.0360 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:15:21

Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomies: Correlations Between Primary Tumor and Histological Findings of Controlateral Breast

Authors: Vitale V, Mattei MS, Lombardi A, Maggi S, Stanzani G, Di Stefano D, Argento G, Cunsolo G, Campanella L, Mastrangeli MR, Amanti C
Comments: 6 Pages.

Backgound: In Italy in 2015 48,000 new cases of breast carcinomas were diagnosed. Women who are diagnosed with breast cancer have a significant risk of developing contralateral breast cancer during the rest of their lives and this risk is closely associated to the family history, to the onset of breast cancer at a young age and is expressed at about 0.5 to 1% of metachronous tumors per year. The purpose of this work was to evaluate which and how many neoplastic lesions were seen in the contralateral breast that underwent prophylactic mastectomy and to understand what factors predict the appearance of such lesions. Methods: 168 bilateral mastectomies were analyzed in patients with an average age of 47 years, carried out from July 2008 to April 2016, at the Breast Unit of the Sant’Andrea Hospital. We considered women of any age suffering from unilateral breast cancer without either clinical or radiological evidence of a malignant lesion in the contralateral breast and negative for mutations of the BRCA1-BRCA2 genes test. Of the 168 bilateral mastectomies 35 patients were excluded from the study because they underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, another 35 patients because they were suffering from a bilateral neoplasia and 7 cases because they had mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[58] viXra:1708.0359 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:17:40

Serpiginous Supravenous Hyperpigmentation

Authors: Nora Naqos
Comments: 1 Page.

Serpiginous supravenous hyperpigmentation is a rare clinical event that occurs almost exclusively after peripheral intravenous chemotherapy. A patient of 40 years old diagnosed with cavum carcinoma and received fluorouracile and Cisplatine chemotherapy. After the second cycle, hyperpigmentation appears in the left forearm, clinical examination found serpiginous hyperpigmented streaks along the course of the superficial veins without any other mucocutaneous lesions. Initially described with 5FU and also reported with other molecules such as vinorelbine, cisplatin, Bleomycin, doxorubicin, actinomycin, docetaxel, fotemustine, it does not require specific therapeutic and doesn’t impose any dosage reduction. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[57] viXra:1708.0357 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:21:31

Role of Surgery in the Treatment of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Review

Authors: Basem T. Jamal, Scharukh Jalisi
Comments: 4 Pages.

Background: Since most oropharyngeal carcinomas are locally advanced at presentation, patients are often treated with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. However, for early stage oropharyngeal carcinoma, national guidelines state that it can be treated by either primary surgery or radiotherapy. This study analyse national survival rates of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma for surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities. Methods: All cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx between 1988 and 2007 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 17 database. The SEER database is a population-based cancer registry that captures 17 distinct population groups in 198 counties in the United States. It represents approximately 26% of the overall United States population and contains information on 6,117,327 cases of cancer diagnosed since 1973. Overall survival was the primary outcome measure. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Mantel-Cox log-rank test. Significance was defined as P<0.05. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[56] viXra:1708.0356 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:22:48

Convergence Revolution – Piloting the Third Scientific Revolution Through Start-Ups for Breast Cancer Cure

Authors: Pramod Khargonekar, Anthony Sinskey, Charles Miller, Balu Ranganathan
Comments: 6 Pages.

Convergence revolution integrates various academic disciplines with wide spectrum of activities and also connects them with translation and innovation ecosystem thereby going well beyond traditional collaborations. This is the third revolution in the life science arena, first being DNA discovery and second genomics where almost entire human genome has been sequenced. The third revolution, convergence revolution has the potential to lead to a solution for breast cancer cure. Breast cancer is the second largest mortality causative agent among women. In United States, nearly 40,000 women die of breast cancer every year. Till date (March 2017), 3.1 million women have been medicated for breast cancer. On an average every 2 minutes, a woman in the U.S. is diagnosed with breast cancer. Convergence may provide a more effective solution for cure breast cancer by multipronged approach using nanotechnology (targeted delivery with controlled release), imaging protocols (Raman spectroscopy) and biomarkers detection involving physicists, chemists, bioengineers, radiologists, clinical oncologists and entrepreneurs and proposing for a National Cancer Data Ecosystem. This work is a classic example of convergence involving multi-disciplinary researchers and technology developers. Several start-ups are working in the direction of breast cancer therapy onto clinical trials which can pave way for translation to clinics for the cure of belligerent types of breast cancers which affect young women. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[55] viXra:1708.0354 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:28:53

Sirenomelia, the Mermaid Syndrome in Kuwait: A case Report

Authors: Fatemah Alhadhoud
Comments: 4 Pages.

Sirenomelia also called as Mermaid Syndrome, is a rare congenital malformation of uncertain etiology. It is characterized by fusion of the lower limbs and commonly associated with severe urogenital and gastrointestinal malformation. We report a case of sirenomelia occurring in a 25 year old Kuwaiti woman following premature rupture of membranes. This is the first documented case in this country. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[54] viXra:1708.0353 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:31:54

Fetal Echography Remotely Controlled Using A TeleOperated Motorized Probe and Echograph Unit

Authors: Philippe Arbeille, Jose Ruiz, Gabriel Carles, Victorita Stefanescu, Monica Georgescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Objective to evaluate the performance of a new device for fetal tele-echographyin isolated medical centers. Methods fetal tele-echography and Doppler was performed using,a) a portable echograph which setting and function (Doppler pulsed and color, 3D capture..) can be operated from away via internet, b) equipped with motorized probes (400g, 430cm3) which transducer can be orientated from away by an expert also via internet. The pregnant were in medical center far away from the expert center. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[53] viXra:1708.0352 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:33:03

A Staged Feasibility Study of a Novel Vaginal Bowel Control System for the Treatment of Accidental Bowel Leakage in Adult Women

Authors: Michelle Miki Takase-Sanchez
Comments: 5 Pages.

Background Accidental bowel leakage, or fecal incontinence, impacts the quality of life in women of all ages. A minimallyinvasive vaginal bowel control system was designed to reduce accidents and provides a new health care option for women. Methods A feasibility study was conducted to evaluate fit, patient comfort, and ease-of-use of this novel vaginal bowel control therapy at home to better inform device design, treatment delivery, and the design of a subsequent pivotal clinical trial protocol. Staged evaluations were performed in women without and with self-reported accidental bowel leakage of any severity. Wear duration progressed from an initial one-time, in-office fitting to extended-wear periods at home. Device-related adverse events were collected in all subjects exposed to the device. Treatment responses were collected at baseline and after 1-month wear in women with accidental bowel leakage. Additionally, device comfort and satisfaction were assessed. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[52] viXra:1708.0351 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:35:20

A Rare Case of Newborn with Accessory Scrotum Associated with Bifid Scrotum and Perineal Lipoma

Authors: Enrica Rossi, Massimo Basile, Ubaldo Bongini, Anna Maria Buccoliero, Chiara Caporalini, Claudio Defilippi
Comments: 3 Pages.

We report a case of bifid scrotum with accessory scrotum and peduncular lipoma in perineal region occurring in a full-term male neonate. Physical examination showed two soft perineal masses located between a bifid scrotum and the anus. No abnormalities of anus were detected. The patient underwent ultrasound and magnetic resonance examinations confirming a homogeneous fat tissue matter of the posterior mass and showing fluid content inside the anterior one. The patient also underwent a Gastrografin enema and no analcolon anomalies were detected. The masses were completely excised and the histological examination revealed a lipoma, with tissue suggestive of scrotum, so a definite diagnosis of accessory scrotum, associated with lipoma was made. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[51] viXra:1708.0349 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:40:16

The Impact of Maternal Incarceration on Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes: Research Findings from a National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health

Authors: Zina McGee, Bertha L. Davis, Sherri Saunders-Goldson, Marissa Fletcher, Lindsay Fisher
Comments: 7 Pages.

Data for this study were drawn from quantitative analyses derived from secondary statistics from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), which is a longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of adolescents in grades 7-12 in the United States to examine the impact of maternal incarceration on emotional and behavioral outcomes among adolescents. It was hypothesized that maternal incarceration would increase the number of risk factors among adolescents including delinquency, victimization, emotional outcomes and drug usage. For this project, the survey data were analyzed on self-identified non-white (minority) participants reporting criminal justice involvement measured through lifetime arrest, age at first arrest, number of pre-18 arrests and number of post-18 arrests as behavioral outcomes. Measures of self-reported depression and anxiety were also included to examine mental health outcomes. Results from hierarchical multiple linear regressions indicated that having a mother incarcerated explains variance in emotional outcomes and behavioral risk influences such as symptomatology, criminal involvement, and drug use over and beyond sociodemographic factors including gender, educational level and family income. Policy implications and suggestions for future research are addressed. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[50] viXra:1708.0348 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:42:04

Critical Incident Technique Applied in Nursing and Healthcare Sciences

Authors: Bengt Fridlund, Maria Henricson, Jan Mårtensson
Comments: 5 Pages.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to elucidate the development and current status of the critical incident technique (CIT), with focus on its fundamental definitions, guidelines, and pros and cons when applied in nursing and healthcare sciences. Method: A theoretical reasoning based on the original literature and with the support of updated literature relevant to the CIT was used. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[49] viXra:1708.0347 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:43:09

Utilization of a Clinical Reminder System to Increase the Incidence of Hepatitis C Screening

Authors: Jennifer Cameron, Robyn Ray
Comments: 5 Pages.

The purpose of this project was to evaluate the use of a clinical reminder system to increase the incidence of patients born between 1945 and 1965 who are offered screening for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). A clinical reminder form was utilized to prompt primary care providers to offer screening for HCV. Pre-implementation and postimplementation data were collected via retrospective chart review. Data was analyzed to compare patients who were offered testing for HCV pre- and post-implementation of the clinical reminder system. In the pre-implementation data that was collected, 238 patients out of the 600 randomly collected met inclusion criteria of being born between 1945 and 1965. Of these 238 patients, only four were offered screening for HCV prior to implementation of the project. In the post-implementation data, 248 out of 600 patients met the inclusion criteria of being born between the ages of 1945 and 1965. Of these 248 who met inclusion criteria, 211 were offered screening for HCV. This resulted in 85% of patients who were offered screening for HCV post-implementation versus 2% pre-implementation. The results of the study showed that the use of a clinical reminder system was effective in increasing the number of patients who were offered screening for HCV. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[48] viXra:1708.0346 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:44:20

Effect of Hospital-Based Providers Continuous Support on Progress of Active Phase of Labor

Authors: Gehan Ebrahim Ghonemy, Entesar Fatouh Abd El Moneim, Zeinab Ahmed Abdelsalam
Comments: 6 Pages.

events in a woman and spouse life, and can have strong physical, emotional, and psychological effects. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of continuous support provided by nurses during labor on the duration of the active phase of labor. Method: A quasi- experimental design was adopted, using Apurposive Sample of 200 women was randomly divided into control group (n=100) who had not received support on childbirth. In the intervention group (n =100) continuous support during labor was provided. Data collected using an interview sheet, a partograph (labor progress record), and visual analogue scale to assess severity of pain. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[47] viXra:1708.0345 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-26 02:45:32

The Impact of Intravenous Protocols During Labor on Maternal \ Newborn Outcomes

Authors: Gehan Ebrahim Ghonemy, Naglaa Fathy Mahmoud Kotob
Comments: 9 Pages.

common practice in labor. Adequate rehydration has shown a reduction in labor duration. However results of other trials proposed that labor duration could be decreased by administering IV fluids at a rate of 250ml/hr which is better than giving such fluids in a rate of 125ml/hr. Aim: Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the effect of three protocols of intravenous fluids on the progress of labor and newborn weight loss during the first week post partum. Design: A descriptive Correlation research design was adopted. In this study in order to investigate the research hypothesis. Sample: A convenient sample of 150 laboring women (divided to 50 each group) was selected. Partograph, fluid chart and baby weight and diaper sheet was used to collect the data. Setting: The study was conducted at the labor room in two Egyptian governmental hospitals. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[46] viXra:1708.0329 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 04:01:54

Study on Knowledge Level of Livestock Owners Related to Breeding Aspect of Organic Animal Husbandry Practices in Arid Region of Rajasthan

Authors: Gujar B, Purohit NR, Basant Bais
Comments: 3 Pages.

A study was conducted in two selected districts of arid region of Rajasthan i.e. Barmer and Bikaner. From each selected district, two tehsils were selected purposively. She and Chohtan tehsils from Barmer district and Kolayat and Lunkaransar tehsils from Bikaner district were selected on the basis of highest livestock population and two villages were selected randomly from each tehsil. Thus, total eight villages were selected and from each selected village, 15 respondents were selected randomly making the sample size of 120 livestock owners in present study. Data were collected from livestock owners with the help of semi-structured interview schedule, researcher’s own observations were also recorded regarding the breeding practices followed by livestock owners. From the study it was found that majority (40.8%) of the livestock owners had high level of knowledge followed by medium (32.5%) and low (26.7%) level knowledge about breeding aspect of Organic Animal Husbandry practices. The sub-areas under different organic breeding practices in which the livestock owners had highest knowledge was promoted animals for natural service and knowledge of heat detection (mean score 1.00 for each) from breeding practices and the livestock owners had highest adoption about traditional methods for heat detection (adoption index 99.58). It was concluded that Livestock owners in Arid Region of Rajasthan mostly kept desi (local) breeds and preferred natural service for reproduction. These practices of farmers were well fitted with the standards of organic livestock farming related to breeding aspect. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[45] viXra:1708.0323 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:33:56

Is Global 2D-Strain Able to Be Better Tool for Cardiotoxicity Determination in Cancer Survivors Received Various Chemotherapeutic Agents?

Authors: Alexander E Berezin
Comments: 6 Pages.

The cardiac toxicity has been recognized as a major medical problem that negatively affecting quality of life and prognosis in cancer survivors within chemotherapies and after ending of the treatment. The mini review is focused on the innate mechanisms of cardiotoxicity and the techniques regarding the cardiac evaluation of cancer patients. It has discussed radial and circumferential strain rates as a tool for the early detection of cardiotoxicity, whereas there are some limitation to correctly interpret findings in cancer patients with known cardiac disease and heart failure. It is concluded that more investigations are required to explain the advantages and weakness of 2D strain / 2D strain rate in cardiotoxicity determination. Submit Your Manu Script at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[44] viXra:1708.0322 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:39:00

Does Baseline Pao2/Fio2 Affect the In-Hospital Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting?

Authors: Minati Choudhury, Kreethi Chigurupati, Milind P Hote, MV Kalaivani
Comments: 5 Pages.

Background: Oxygen saturation and the PaO2 are the direct risk factors for post -operative respiratory outcome in patients undergoing prolonged surgery under general anaesthesia. However the effect of preoperative PaO2 and PaO2 /FiO2 ratio on the postoperative course of the patient undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting is not known. Hypothesis: Pre-operative PaO2 and PaO2 /FiO2 ratio have a significant effect on the postoperative outcome among the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Study design: Prospective clinical study Setting: Tertiary health care centre Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty eight consecutive patients with a EURO Score of <6 undergoing routine first time coronary artery bypass grafting were selected for this study. Patients with ventricular dysfunction, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), renal or hepatic dysfunction, patients on mechanical ventilation, on preoperative Intra Aortic Ballon Pump (IABP) and those who had to undergo emergency surgery were excluded from the study. All patients were managed by the same anaesthesia and surgical team and the anaesthesia management protocol was similar for all the patients. The pre-operative PaO2 /FiO2 ratio (base line) for all patients was noted before anaesthesia induction in room air. The primary outcome measures were duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay and hospital stay. The secondary outcome measures were requirement of inotropes, arrhythmias, requirement of IABP, cardiogenic shock, perioperative myocardial infarction, sepsis, respiratory failure , any other organ dysfunction and death .The total duration of follow up period was one month. Statistical analysis: Seventeen subjects were subsequently dropped because of incomplete data. Consequently, the data for 141 subjects were used for the analysis. The various methods used were Student T test, Spearman’s coefficient correlation, bi-variate and univariate logistic regression analysis. In each case a p value of <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: There exists a positive correlation between preoperative PaO2 /FiO2 ratio and duration of intubation (r = -0.5607, p = 0.001) as well as Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay (r = -0.2564, p = 0.002). PaO2 /FiO2 ratio also has a positive correlation with the use of inotropes (p=0.03) and frequency of death (p=0.014) in the patients undergoing CABG . Conclusion: Low pre-operative PaO2 /FiO2 ratio has a direct impact on the in-hospital outcome among the patients undergoing coronary arterybypass grafting. Submit Your Manu Script at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[43] viXra:1708.0321 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:40:14

Open Source Research: A Proposed Method to Study Peripartum Myocardial Infarction

Authors: Philip D Houck
Comments: 7 Pages.

Rare diseases such as peripartum myocardial infarction are difficult to study using double blind randomized controlled clinical trials. There have been no new advancements in the conduct of clinical trials since 1947. As a result, rare diseases have not been effectively studied despite a gradual gain in knowledge of potential mechanisms. This paper suggests a method of study that can be applied to rare disorders by an older method suggested by James Lind – the controlled clinical trial. Open source models similarly developed by software engineers will allow free access to multiple protocols and allows the physician to choose the protocol that seems most promising. Free access of clinical data will be available to help the physician decide which protocol is successful. Results will be updated continuously by a biostatistician compared with historical control and other competing protocols. Open Source - as a philosophy that promotes a universal access via free license to a product’s design or blueprint, and b) universal redistribution of that design or blueprint, including subsequent improvements to it by anyone. Open-source model includes the concept of concurrent, yet different agendas and differing approaches in production. The components of Open source research consist of a WEB site, governing body, data partner, biostatistician, tissue, genetic, proteomic specimen analysis, and funding. The site will be a center for literature review, protocol and protocol rational, consent forms, data collection center, case material, data analysis, and provide on line future publications generated by this open data source. Open source research is different from a registry in that the protocols are based on a biologic model and selected by the physician. Open source allows multiple models to be tested. A successful protocol suggests the model of disease is correct. Results are recorded similarly to a registry and can be used to assess the real time efficacy each protocol used. This method allows an iterative adjustment of treatments until the most effective therapy is found. Submit Your Manu Script at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[42] viXra:1708.0320 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:42:01

Long-Term Follow-Up Analysis of Percutaneous Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty: Experience of an Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

Authors: Babu Ezhumalai, Neeraj Awasthy, Ajit Ananthakrishna, Santhosh Satheesh, Balachander Jayaraman
Comments: 5 Pages.

Objectives: Our objectives were to study the effectiveness and long-term follow-up outcomes of percutaneous Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty (BPV) performed in adults and children at an Indian tertiary care hospital. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with more than mild congenital valvular Pulmonary Stenosis (PS) having echocardiographic peak gradient ≥50mmHg, who underwent BPV in a tertiary care hospital in India from 1988 to 2011. Clinical profile, echocardiographic details, procedural data, complications etc were studied. Patients were followed with annual echocardiographic and clinical assessment. Results: 108 patients including 37 children and 71 adults underwent BPV. Single balloon technique was mostly employed (99.1%). The mean balloon/annulus ratio was 1.22 ± 0.02. The transvalvular peak-to-peak gradient measured immediately before and after valvuloplasty was 103.4 ± 33.9mmHg and 33.9 ± 17.5mmHg respectively (65.1% reduction, p<0.0001). Intervention was successful and partially successful in 100 (92.6%) subjects and 8 (7.4%) subjects respectively, irrespective of age and gender. Less than moderate pulmonary regurgitation occurred in 73 (67.6%) patients. At discharge, peak Doppler gradient was reduced by 74.1% compared to admission value. This was further significantly reduced (25.4%) at short-term follow-up. This reduction in gradient was sustained at mid-term and long-term follow-up. The median duration of follow-up was 15years (range: 2 to 27 years). All patients were asymptomatic at short-term and mid-term follow-up. Two (1.9%) patients who developed restenosis on long-term underwent repeat valvuloplasty. Conclusions: BPV is a well-tolerated non-surgical treatment modality for congenital valvular PS producing highly effective results irrespective of age or gender. The results are excellent at immediate-term, short-term, mid-term and long-term. Submit Your Manu Script at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[41] viXra:1708.0319 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:48:11

The Choice Of Optimal Coronary Stents: Is It Possible To Maximize Cost-Effectiveness?

Authors: Rajeev Gupta, Neelesh Gupta, Shukri Saliba Shukri Mushahwar, Abdullah Mohammed Shehab
Comments: 4 Pages.

Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with implantation of the stent have become standard-of-care in the management of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), including amongst patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The most expensive hardware in PCI is drug-eluting stent (DES), thus making PCI an expensive affair; leading to unaffordability in many parts of the world. We made an attempt, to identify improved cost-effective ways to substitute DES with bare-metal stent (BMS) as and when feasible, while preserving the interests of the patients. While for patients with unstable CAD, DES is superior to BMS in device-oriented outcomes (unlike in patientoriented outcomes); patients with stable CAD with lesion (type A/B1 morphology) with coronary vessels larger than or equal to 3.75 mm: BMS is as good as second-generation DES, in both patient-oriented composite outcomes (all-cause death, any myocardial infarction, MI; and revascularization) and in device-oriented composite outcomes (cardiac death, target vessel MI, or symptom-driven TLR) both in shortand long-term follow-up. For patients with very-high risk of bleeding, irrespective of the cause of bleeding: BMS may be preferred with a view to reducing bleeding complication (as major bleeding adversely affects prognosis). Prefer no stent strategy i.e., only plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) as and when possible like for patients with focal tandem stenotic-aneurysmal lesions and in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndromes with triple-vessel disease (planned for coronary artery bypass, POBA to relieve the obstruction to achieveing TIMI 3 flow, if possible). Replace temptation of oculostenotic reflex with the objective assessment of ischemia with flow fractional reserve (FFR) for lesions between 50% and 90%, particularly in stable CAD. Of course, for patients with obstructive left main stem (LMCA) disease and for bifurcation lesions (needing 2 or more stent strategy), and for lesions with Type B2 / C morphology, use of DES (preferably secondgeneration) to improve both patient-oriented and device-oriented outcomes is cost-effective and is recommended. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[40] viXra:1708.0317 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 01:59:08

Microvascular Decompression of the Optic Nerve

Authors: Jack Andrew S, Mc Dougall Cameron, O Kelly Cian J, Edwards Marianne C, Chow, MichaelM
Comments: 3 Pages.

Symptomatic compression of the optic apparatus by a tortuous internal carotid artery (ICA) is rare. We report a patient with visual decline due to optic nerve compression by the ICA. The patient presented with a visual field deficit and standard work-up revealed no discernible cause. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated distortion of the optic nerve by the ICA. The optic nerve was decompressed with resultant clinical improvement. Optic nerve compression by the ICA may be considered a diagnosis of exclusion. Here, microvascular decompression led to improvement in visual function. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[39] viXra:1708.0316 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:00:45

From Biography to Theory: the Role of Anna Freud in the Emergence of the “adolescent Process”

Authors: Florian Houssier
Comments: 10 Pages.

Some aspects of Anna Freud’s life reveal the existence of specifically adolescent conflicts, which can be tied to some of her theoretical and clinical discoveries in the field of adolescent psychoanalysis. Her historical input in the gradual construction of a theoretical corpus on adolescence has often been ignored. These links between biography and theory gave rise to a movement of conceptualisation making it possible to develop a psychoanalytic metapsychology of adolescence: indeed, emerged such notions as asceticism, intellectualisation in relationship with anorexia and the struggle against the genitalisation of the adolescent body. Today, the Annafreudian school of thought has remained the main source of investigation and theoretical transmission of what is now called the adolescent process. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[38] viXra:1708.0315 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:02:35

Primay Extraosseous Ewing’s Sarcoma Of The Lombar Epidural Space Presenting As Cauda Equina Syndrome

Authors: Hatim Belfquih, Brahim El mostarchid
Comments: 1 Page.

A 31-year-old woman complained of right sciatica for 2 months followed one month later by gait disturbance and weakness of right lower extremity. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed a extradural mass extending from L4 to S1/S2 interspace. It appeared hypo-intense on T1-weighted and T2- weighted images and contrast enhancement after injection of gadolinium (Figure 1A, B and C). Axial MR images revealed a mass extention to the right neural foramen at the L5–S1 which is enlarged (Fig1D, E). The patient underwent laminectomy of L4 to S1, A highly vascular lesion was seen in the epidural space, extending from L4 root axilla down to the S1 root, could be excised totally. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[37] viXra:1708.0314 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:06:12

Meningitis: Causes, Diagnosis, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

Authors: S vanisree reddy
Comments: 2 Pages.

Bacterial meningitis continues to be a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are the most ordinary and most violent pathogens of meningitis. Clinical and experimental studies have recognized a more detailed understanding of the mechanisms resulting in brain injure, squeal and neuropsychological deficit. Vaccination has really contributed to the current turn down in the number of cases for the three most usual meningeal pathogens. Genetic targeting and/or pharmacologic blockade of the implicated pathways possibly a potential strategy for therapeutic adjunctive measures to improve outcome and may hold substantial assure, in concert with antimicrobial agents, in human with delicate bacterial meningitis You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[36] viXra:1708.0313 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:11:10

Association Between Both Self-Reported and Directly Observed Physical Function and Depressive Symptoms in a us Chinese Population: Findings from the Pine Study

Authors: Mengting Li, Xinqi Dong
Comments: 8 Pages.

Purpose: The association between physical function and depressive symptoms has been widely discussed in literature. However, the heterogeneity in measuring self-reported physical function has obfuscated the applicability of research findings while limited research investigated the association between performancebased physical function and depressive symptoms. This study aims to examine the association between both self-reported and performance-based physical function and depressive symptoms. Methods: Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE), a community-engaged, population-based epidemiological study of U.S. Chinese older adults aged 60 and above in the Greater Chicago area. Self-reported physical function was measured by Katz activities of daily living (ADL), Lawton instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), Index of Basic Physical Activities scale and Index of Mobility scale. Performance-based physical function was measured by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Depressive symptoms and depression were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: Every one point higher in ADL (OR: 1.29, 1.14-1.45), IADL (OR: 1.17, 1.13-1.22), Index of Basic Physical Activities scale (OR: 1.22, 1.19-1.26), Index of Mobility scale (OR: 1.52, 1.39- 1.66), and SPPB (OR: 1.16, 1.12-1.19) was significantly associated with higher risk of depressive symptoms. In addition, both selfreported and performance-based physical function was significantly associated with depression. Discussion: This study initially examined the association between both self-reported and performance-based physical function and depressive symptoms and it further identified physical function impairment was not only associated with depressive symptoms, but also depression. Our study suggests that health professionals should be aware of the depressive symptoms or depression in older adults with physical function impairment. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[35] viXra:1708.0312 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:13:42

Mental Health of Pneumoconiosis Patients in China: a Meta-Analysis

Authors: Ruixue Huang, Jian-An Hu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Objective: To compare the mental health status of pneumoconiosis patients with that of healthy individuals in China with the aim of providing a scientific basis for psychological intervention and mental health education. Methods: A computerized literature search was conducted using several databases, including CBM, Wan fang Data, VIP Information, CNKI, CMCI, and Pub Med, to collect articles published between 1999 and 2014 regarding the mental health of pneumoconiosis patients in China. The papers that met the selection criteria were subject to a meta-analysis, with RevMan 5.0 software used to process the data. Results: A total of five articles involving 1342 cases met the research criteria and were selected for analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that, relative to healthy individuals, pneumoconiosis patients showed significantly more pronounced tendencies toward experiencing anxiety, depression, somatization, horror, forced, paranoia, interpersonal sensitivity, enmity, psychosis. Conclusion: Serious mental health problems exist among pneumoconiosis patients in comparison with healthy individuals, particularly with regard to experiencing anxiety, depression. The mental health exhibited by pneumoconiosis patients appears to be worse than that of healthy individuals. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[34] viXra:1708.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:17:26

Spiritual Interventions in Iran: a Review Article

Authors: Nadereh Memaryan, Zeinab Ghaempanah, Ruohollah Seddigh
Comments: 5 Pages.

Objectives: Although many studies have examined the effects of spiritual interventions, ambiguity of the model of them causes bias. This study aimed to achieve a picture of spiritual interventions in Iran as a Shiite Muslim country. Method: An advanced search was conducted in main Iranian and international databases using both the English and Persian keywords of spiritual intervention, spiritual care, spiritual therapy, spiritual support, and spirituality. Iranian studies that indexed until May 2016 and were related to the effects of spiritual therapies in clinical trials were selected. Results: Out of the 31selected articles, 17 were in Persianlanguage journals, and 14 were in English-language journals. The interventions that have presented in these articles were classified into three main categories: research-based interventions, mixed interventions and arbitrary interventions. Conclusion: No clear model for spiritual interventions can be extracted from Iranian studies. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[33] viXra:1708.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:19:13

Cross-Cultural Assessments and Stakeholder Consultancy Towards Resource Waste Reduction and Climate Change Prevention

Authors: C. Hornsby, Nicholas Head, Evangelia Ploumistou, S. Ulgiati
Comments: 22 Pages.

Concerns are growing across the board about the increasing resource demand by society and the poor way in which society has been dealing with waste and recovery of natural resources. It is clear that the time of what seemed to be abundant and cheap natural resources is coming to an end with the growing needs of a ever increasing global population combined with concerns about the security of supply of many essential materials, energy and products. At the same time, there is a rise in interest in understanding coming from different stakeholder groups in the sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment, linked with civil society’s concerns about the continuing and growing practise of landfilling. Concerns are growing across the board about the increasing resource demand by society and the poor way in which society has been dealing with waste and recovery of natural resources. It is clear that the time of what seemed to be abundant and cheap natural resources is coming to an end with the growing needs of a ever increasing global population combined with concerns about the security of supply of many essential materials, energy and products. At the same time, there is a rise in interest in understanding coming from different stakeholder groups in the sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment, linked with civil society’s concerns about the continuing and growing practise of landfilling. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[32] viXra:1708.0309 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:30:03

An Investigation on Substance Misuse Treatment, Mental Health Care Providers’ Perception on Relapse: A Cross Sectional Study

Authors: Charles Blessings Maloya, Omero Gonekani Mwale
Comments: 5 Pages.

Introduction: Relapse is a common treatment outcome for many substance misusers. How a relapse is perceived may decree how it can be responded to. This study aimed at investigating substance misuse treatment, mental health care providers’ perception of relapse. Methods: This study employed a cross sectional research design. The sample was drawn from two drug and alcohol treatment services in Glasgow City, Scotland. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires which were analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The results indicated that n=25(92%) reported having a better understanding of their role legitimacy when caring for clients with relapses. Only n=4(15%) reported that there is little that can be done to help clients who have relapsed. Not surprisingly, n=1(4%) was a participant who was uncertain of his counselling skills and believed that clients with several relapses cannot be treated. Conclusion: In conclusion, there was inconsistency between providers’ knowledge and their reaction to relapse. Therefore, emotional reactions if left unchecked may constitute a barrier to provision of care and may negatively impact treatment outcomes. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[31] viXra:1708.0307 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:41:23

Monitoring Surgical Performance: Current Models and Limitations

Authors: Agostino Pozzi, Laetitia F Colombo, Francesca De Stefano, Alessandra Sala, Marco Bartolucci, Fabio Villa
Comments: 3 Pages.

Purpose: The article aims to evaluate methods currently used to monitor surgical performance. Different model’s advantages and limitations are analyzed to possibly identify the best model of assessment. Design/Methodology/Approach: An extensive online research took place, looking in particular for articles containing terms such as ‘surgical performance monitoring’, ‘forced ranking’, and ‘surgical outcomes’. The search was independently carried out by three medical doctors. References were screened to find more articles on this particular topic. A conceptual review was then performed. Findings: Among the current available methods, the RiskAdjusted Bernoulli Cumulative Sum (RA-CUSUM), set on a real time prospective monitoring, is preferred and might improve surgical outcomes. This is especially true when the RA-CUSUM is compared with the Variable Life Adjusted Display (VLAD) retrospective model, although VLAD is easier to interpret and it is more frequently used by surgeons. Practical Implications: Applying a standardized surgical performance assessment model identifies and manages practice variations in the same institution and among hospitals. Originality/value: RA-CUSUM applied to surgical practice can be an effective tool to determine variations in performance. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[30] viXra:1708.0306 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:43:26

Conservative Treatment for Subungal Hematoma with Tuft Fracture

Authors: Zohair Al Aseri
Comments: 2 Pages.

Management of simple nail bed lacerations and subungual hematomas has remained somewhat controversial. This article presents a 30-year-old case admitted to emergency department (ED) due to subungual hematoma with tuft fracture. The nail was partially loose, and the nail bed seemed more or the less intact. Rest of hand examination was normal. Plain radiographs showed fracture of the distal phalanx. Decision was made not to remove the nail bed and only to release the pressure by trephine technique under sterile condition. The patient was scheduled for ED follow up appointment after one week. During follow-up no complications were encountered. The nail bed recovered completely and the nail plate seemed to develop without any deformities. Eight months after the ED visit there are no complaints about pain, shape or loss of function during daily activities. Since there are no agreed upon protocol or algorithm for subungual hematoma and distal phalanx fracture, the author believe that conservative treatment is still an option for treating tuft fracture with subungual hematoma. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[29] viXra:1708.0305 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:46:04

Laparoscopic Acute Care Surgery in Liver Disease: A Regression Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Authors: Sri Ram Pentakota, Punam Patel, Aziz M. Merchant
Comments: 11 Pages.

Introduction: Patients with liver disease are being more frequently undergoing urgent and emergent surgery. There is sparse literature comparing outcomes based on modality of surgery (laparoscopic versus open) in this important cohort of patients. Our study examines surgical outcomes by liver disease status and surgical modality in acute care surgery setting. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing acute care abdominal surgery between 2006 and 2010 extracted from the National Inpatient Sample database. Surgical outcomes examined were in-hospital mortality, surgical, and medical complications, length of stay, and total hospital charges. Sequential multivariable generalized linear regression models were used to compare the outcomes across surgical modality and type of liver disease. Results: Unadjusted and adjusted analyses revealed that laparoscopic surgery was associated with marked reduction in mortality (92%) and surgical complications (86%) compared to open surgery, as well as a moderate yet significant reduction (60%) for medical complications, length of stay and total hospital charges. Patients with cirrhotic liver disease fared worse compared to those with non-cirrhotic and no liver disease, as expected. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery provides a feasible alternative for patients with liver disease undergoing acute care surgery. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[28] viXra:1708.0304 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 02:48:29

Lvads: A Two-Sided Dilemma when Buying Time for Heart Transplantation

Authors: Binks M
Comments: 3 Pages.

Our ageing population is experiencing an unprecedented level of heart disease. Medical therapy is often inadequate in those with endstage heart failure. Mechanical cardiac support devices are becoming increasingly utilized as a means of both bridging these patients to heart transplant and as destination therapy. However, they are far from risk-free. This review encompasses the complications associated with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), including their often-unpredictable effects on the right ventricle. You can submit your Manuscripts at: https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php
Category: Biochemistry

[27] viXra:1708.0302 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 03:51:33

Outbreak of Kyasanur Forest Disease in Shivamogga, Karnataka State, India, During 2015

Authors: NB Thippeswamy, SK Kiran
Comments: 3 Pages.

KFD is a Tick born viral disease with seasonal outbreak between the months of December to May. The number of cases of Kyasanur Forest Disease was investigated in Karnataka state, India, during January to July 2015. Reported incidences in 2015 were relatively less with 124 suspected and 41 RT-PCR or IgM Elisa positive cases when compared to 400 suspected and 166 positive cases reported in 2014. Majority of suspected KFD cases (124) in 2015 were reported from Shivamogga District, with only few cases reported from remaining endemic districts of KFD and one death was recorded. The number of KFD cases reported every year even after regular vaccination program in its original endemic area. KFD spreads from the zone of first outbreak along the belt of Western Ghats continuously to the newer area. New diagnostic techniques for quick diagnosis and more effective and specific drug to treat KFD patients is the need of the hour in the light of available vaccine which is not so readily accepted by the people in the endemic area. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[26] viXra:1708.0301 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 03:54:34

The Application of Acoustic Myography in Canine Muscle Function and Performance Testing

Authors: Christina Fenger, Adrian P. Harrison
Comments: 6 Pages.

It is generally known that muscles have the ability to store and convert energy making certain types of movement highly efficient with regard to muscle work. The principle behind this concept is summarized in what has become known as the “spring-mass” model. Whilst evidence of a change in gait from walk to trot has been documented for more than 35 years, quantitative measurements of comparable changes in muscle function remain elusive. In a study involving 11 Labrador dogs, looking at muscle function as assessed by acoustic myography, changes in muscle efficiency/coordination as well as both spatial-(fiber recruitment) and temporal-(firing rate) summation were made for both walk and trot for m.longissimus lumborum and m.gluteus superficialis. In m.gluteus superficialis a 35% decrease (P < 0.05) in efficiency was noted when dogs changed gait from walk to trot, and both muscles showed a slight yet significant increase in fiber recruitment. However, both muscles showed a significant decrease in firing rate (36% and 76% for m.gluteus superficialis and m.longissimus lumborum; P < 0.05 & P < 0.01, respectively) when changing pace from walk to trot. It is concluded that acoustic myography not only enables quantifiable assessment of gait changes with regard to the “spring-mass” model, but that the observed changes in the two muscles measured confirm, as well as advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which reductions in muscle work during steady level movements are achieved. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[25] viXra:1708.0300 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 03:57:00

Seroprevalence of Infectious Bursal Disease in Backyard Chickens of Six Districts of North Shewa Zones of Oromia and Amhara Regions, Ethiopia

Authors: Mitike Girma, Bedaso Kebede, Bekele Megarsa
Comments: 9 Pages.

A cross-sectional study and questionnaire survey was carried from November 2009 up to April 2010 in North Shewa zone of Oromia and Amhara regions to determine prevalence of Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) in unvaccinated backyard chickens using commercial ELISA kit. The study revealed that IBD was prevalent 84.2% (95% CI= 80.6 - 87.8, n=399) in the study areas. Seroprevalence distribution of IBD were 96.2% (95% CI= 93.5-99.0) and 73.8% (95% CI= 67.9-79.8) in Amhara and Oromia regions, respectively. Chickens in the Amhara region were nine times susceptible for IBD than Chickens of Oromia region. There is no significant difference among sex and age groups of study animals. The study revealed that IBD were common in district of Kewet 98.6% (95% CI= 95.7-101.4), Basena Werena 95.1% ( 95% CI= 88.4-101.8), Debre Brehan 94.7 %( 95% CI= 89.5-99.8), W\ Jarso 78.0% (95% CI= 69.4-86.6), Dagam 71.2% (95% CI= 58.7-83.6) and Kuyu 70.4% (95% CI= 59.7-81.1). It indicates that IBD virus is extensively circulating throughout the study areas. Questionnaire survey revealed that backyard poultry production was suffered from multifaceted diseases which contributed 61% death losses of the chickens at age of a day old to market age. Generally, IBD prevalence among the indigenous chicken was escalated with a possible devastated effect on the vulnerable population of backyard poultry. Therefore, it warrants the vaccine development and implementation for control mechanisms. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[24] viXra:1708.0299 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-24 03:59:06

Bordetella Bronchiseptica Vaccines in Pet Guinea Pigs? A Review of the Literature

Authors: Gallego M
Comments: 3 Pages.

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes severe respiratory disease in guinea pigs and it has been associated with stillbirths, abortions, infertility and infections of the reproductive system and tympanic bullae. Disease caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in pet guinea pigs is mostly a poor understood disease; studies about this pathogen has been conducted mostly in laboratory guinea pigs. The objective of this review is to condense published information about the disease caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in guinea pigs for the veterinarian who attends pet guinea pigs, with special emphasis on the prevention of this disease. The author concludes that vaccination in pet guinea pigs against Bordetella bronchiseptica needs to be considered for future studies. You can submit your Manuscripts at:  https://symbiosisonlinepublishing.com/submitManuscript.php 
Category: Biochemistry

[23] viXra:1708.0291 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:05:26

Formulation and Evaluation of Misoprostal by Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery System

Authors: Musfeera Adeel, Sana Begum, Shaik Gouse, Shanti Kumar
Comments: 8 Pages.

In this present study it has been aimed to develop Spray Coated tablets of Misoprostol with a view of minimizing the drug release in the physiological ecology of stomach and small intestine and to ensure maximum drug release in the colon. This study was conducted to develop colon targeted Misoprostal delivery for the treatment of Colonic Bacterial Infections and to study the influence of coating thickness and ratios of lag time polymers (Eudragit L 100 and Eudragit S 100) on drug release and lag time.
Category: Biochemistry

[22] viXra:1708.0290 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:09:58

Development and Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Ondansetron with Natural and Synthetic SuperDisintegrating Agents

Authors: Latha Uppala1, Palle Pranusha
Comments: 7 Pages.

Ondansetron a widely prescribed anti-ulcer drug belongs to BCS class II and exhibit low and variable oral bioavailability due to its poor solubility and dissolution rate and having high permeation rate. In the present work, oral disintegrating tablets of Ondansetron were developed with a view to enhance the patient compliance and provide quick onset of action. Ondansetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly as an anti-emetic (to treat nausea and vomiting). It affects both peripheral and central nerves. Ondansetron reduces the action of the vagus nerve, which deactivate the vomiting centre, and also block serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It has slight effect on vomiting caused by motion sickness, since drug is highly bitter. The drug solid dispersed coated granules showed no bitterness in the taste. Oral disintegrating tablets prepared by direct compression method using super disintegrants like cross povidone, cross carmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, in different concentrations and evaluated for the pre-compression parameters such as bulk density, compressibility and angle of repose. The arranged batches of tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content, disintegration time and invitro dissolution profile and found satisfactory. Aim: The aim of the present study is to formulate and evaluate fast disintegrating tablets of Ondansetron by direct compression method employing super disintegrating agents. The objective of present study: • The purpose of this research was to mask the strongly bitter taste of Ondansetron HCL and to formulate a rapid - disintegrating tablet. • To formulate an orally disintegrating tablet so that it can be administered to paediatric and geriatric patients.
Category: Biochemistry

[21] viXra:1708.0289 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:18:55

A Review on Active Ingredients from Marine Sources used in Cosmetics

Authors: Latha Uppala
Comments: 3 Pages.

The word cosmetic represents a specific product containing active ingredients. These cosmetics products with biologically active ingredients purporting to have medical benefit. They are formulated not only to improve the skin appearance but also to improve positive physiological effects at the cellular level. Simultaneously, it is necessary to discover new bioactive substances with resourceful, safe and stable properties from natural sources for cosmetic development. Recently marine resources have been demonstrated with great cosmetic prospective. It is a productive source of cosmetics.
Category: Biochemistry

[20] viXra:1708.0288 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:42:25

Stafne’s Defect: Diagnosis with Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Case Report

Authors: Gisele Pavão Spaulonci, Emerson Eli Nunes Cunha, Luciano Lauria Dib, Elcio Magdalena Giovani
Comments: 3 Pages.

Stafne’s Defect is an asymptomatic bone lesion, most common in men between the fifth and seventh decade of life. It is characterized as radiolucent, delimited and well-defined image in the posterior region of the mandible and is usually discovered on routine radiographic examination. In this case, the patient is in the third decade of life and clinical and radiographic characteristics described were consistent with those found in academic literature. Cone beam computed tomography was used to diagnose the defect and enabled the differential diagnosis with other pathologies, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures. Considering that it is a non-progressive change, its conservative therapy is based on the periodic control of the lesion. In this case report, it was possible to confirm that cone beam computed tomography acts as an important tool in the diagnosis of Stafne’sDefect, as it enabled the differential diagnosis in regards to other diseases, thus avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures.
Category: Biochemistry

[19] viXra:1708.0287 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:54:40

Oral Health in a Cognitive and Behavioral Unit

Authors: Lucie Rapp, Pascal Saidlitz, Thierry Voisin, Marie-Hélène Lacoste-Ferré
Comments: 7 Pages.

In the 2000’s, there are approximately 860 000french persons affected by Alzheimer’s diseases and dementia (ADD). This number is increasing constant because of the ageing of the population and the progress of the diagnosis. Today, about 165 000 new patients a year are diagnosed. These diseases engender later an important physical, intellectual and social dependence which impacts on the social life of the patient and people around him. It is the main cause of heavy dependence of elderly and of admission in nursing homes; at present 40% of ADD-patients live there.
Category: Biochemistry

[18] viXra:1708.0286 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:56:46

The Rehabilitation of Permanent Teeth with Complicated Crown Fracture by MTA Pulpotomy and Re-Attachment: Case Series Report Study and Literature Review

Authors: Mehmet Sinan Doğan, Anton Rahardjo, Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani, Izzet Yavuz
Comments: 6 Pages.

Following dental trauma, dental injuries may be seen from cracked enamel to avulsion in the teeth. In this clinical study, are presented restoration of fractured dental fragments after the proper treatment of 5 pediatric patients aged 8, 9, 11, 11, and 11 years who occurred complicated crown fracture and exposure to dental trauma in the anterior group of teeth between 2009 and 2013. In the same session complicated crown fracture in the anterior group of teeth were amputated with mineral trioxide agent (MTA) and it was closed with glass ionomer cement. The restoration was completed by attaching the fractured dental fragment with composite resin. This emergency treatment has special importance. Because complicated crown fractures occurring after dental trauma to the anterior group of teeth can lead to pain and complications of functions, aesthetics and psychological problems.
Category: Biochemistry

[17] viXra:1708.0285 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:58:15

Prevalence of Gum Disease in Preterm and Term Adolescents

Authors: Sergio Spezzia1, Rosa Maria Eid Weiler, Fernanda Malheiro Santos, Liliana A. M. V. Takaoka1, Stella M. C. P. A. C. Vieira, Maria Sylvia De Souza Vitalle, Benjamin I. Kopelman
Comments: 7 Pages.

Aim: Assess and compare the prevalence of gum disease in preterm and term-born adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross section study was conducted involving adolescents between the ages of 10 and 19. One group of 120 preterm-born adolescents and a g roup of 149 term-born adolescents (control). Physicians conducted physical exams in these groups to measure pubertal stages, dividing the patients into 3 subgroups according to Tanner’s stages. The dental exam was conducted by four specialist dentist examiners. The community periodontal index of treatment need and measurements of plaque index were conducted. Results: Comparing the preterm-born adolescents to the termborn ones, it was verified that the term group presented a higher prevalence of gum disease than the preterm group and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of gum disease when comparing the preterm-born adolescents with weight at birth < 1500 to the ones weighing ≥ 1500 grams. The preterm-born adolescent group did not present significant difference in the prevalence of gum disease in relation to Tanner’s subgroups; however, when both groups were assessed together, it was verified that females, after the growth spurt, present a 3.7 times higher risk of gum disease. Conclusion: The ranges of weight upon birth, low weight and very low weight did not impact the prevalence of gum disease in premature adolescents. Growth spurt increases the risk of developing periodontal disease in the female gender. Girls, after the spurt, tend to have more gum disease than girls before the spurt.
Category: Biochemistry

[16] viXra:1708.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 05:59:40

Kabuki Syndrome: Case Study Report

Authors: Giovanna Franco Tini1, Amanda Caramel Juvino, Markus Algayer Atmanspacher, Carolina Algayer Atmanspacher, Caroline Berne Pereira, Rodolfo Georgevich Neto, Marina Struncova Fernandes, Ruth Andia-Merlin, Gilberto Araújo Noro Filho, Elcio Magdalena Giovan
Comments: 3 Pages.

Kabuki syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly, in which such (optional) patients present mild to moderate mental deficits and are characterized by unusual facial expressions. In addition, they may also manifest cardiac anomalies, urinary tract anomaly, hearing loss, hypotonia and also postnatal growth deficit. These fundamental characteristics are called “Pentad of Niikawa”, which correspond to dysmorphic face, skeletal anomalies, dermatoglyphic abnormalities, mild to moderate mental deficit, and postnatal growth deficiency. It also includes scoliosis, malformation of spinal column and ribs, delay in skeletal maturation, dislocation of the hip and patellar. The aim of this case study report is to present the diagnosis of a patient with this syndrome, evidencing, in the light of knowledge, to the Dental Surgeons of how to conduct dental treatment with effectiveness and safety. It also shows the need for an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of these patients, highlighting all of the complexity of the syndrome, making it easier future diagnoses, with a purpose of promoting integral health and improvements in the quality of life.
Category: Biochemistry

[15] viXra:1708.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:03:08

Significance of CD30 Expression by Epidermotropic T Cells in Lymphomatoid Papulosis and Lymphomatoid Pityriasis Lichenoides

Authors: Eric C Vonderheid, Marshall E Kadin, Gladys H Telang
Comments: 6 Pages.

Background: The T cell activation antigen CD30 is widely used to differentiate lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) from pityriasis lichenoides. However, CD30 has recently been reported to be expressed by CD8+ cells in the epidermis and dermis of some cases of pityiasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA). Methods: This observation prompted us to review our experience with cases initially diagnosed as LyP or “lymphomatoid” pityriasis lichenoides for CD30 expression by epidermotropic T cells. Results: CD30 expression by more than 20% of the epidermotropic T cells was observed in a group of 10 cases characterized clinically by self-healing papulonodules (two cases also with infiltrated plaques) and pathologically by atypical lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei within the epidermis and dermal infiltrate. Conclusions: CD30 can be expressed by either CD4+ or CD8+ cells in cases of LyP with epidermotropic T cells (so-called mixed LyP type A/B), but three of our cases appear to be examples of lymphomatoid CD30+ PLEVA. In addition, three cases had serologic manifestations suggestive of a lupus erythematosus-like autoimmune disorder. We hypothesize that CD30+ lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei in some cases result in accumulation of benign activated CD8+ and CD4+ T cells rather than neoplastic cells.
Category: Biochemistry

[14] viXra:1708.0282 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:04:56

The Effect of Smoking on Facial Aging Among Females in Saudi Arabia

Authors: Basem T Jamal, Alaa Bokhari, Bushra Aljahdali, Baraa Alsayed, Hanan Filemban, Razan Baabdullah, Mahmoud Fakiha
Comments: 4 Pages.

Background: Cigarettes smoking has been shown by several studies to be one of the significant causes of facial aging and wrinkling. Smoking also worsen the scores for upper eyelid skin redundancy, lower lid bags, malar bags, nasolabial folds, upper and lower lip wrinkles. The prevalence rate of smoking in Saudi Arabia ranges from 2.4-52.3% in the past two decades. Up to date, there is no study in Saudi Arabia regarding smoking and facial aging and so the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between smoking and facial aging among females in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional comparative study consisting of 107 female participants aged 30-60 years old was performed. A questionnaire was used to obtain a comprehensive medical and lifestyle histories. Also, clinical examination of the perioral and peri-orbital regions in relaxed and smiling positions was also charted using the Fitzpatrick scale. Results: 52.3% of the individuals surveyed were either smokers or past smokers with a mean smoking duration of 12.6 years. While there was no significant difference between the smoking status and its relation to the grade of peri-oral and peri-orbital wrinkles, it was noted that the length of smoking in years was correlated with advanced skin aging scores with higher peri-oral and peri-orbital wrinkles. Conclusion: The sample size is not sufficient to establish the comparison between smokers and nonsmokers in relation to facial aging, the length of smoking in years showed a statistical significant difference in correlation to peri-oral and peri-orbital wrinkles.
Category: Biochemistry

[13] viXra:1708.0281 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:06:21

G-CSF Administration Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing Accompanied With Increased Pro-Hyp Production In db/db Mice

Authors: Shiro Jimi, Kenji Sato, Masahiko kimura, Junji Suzumiya, Shuuji Hara, Francesco De Francesco, Hiroyuki Ohjimi
Comments: 9 Pages.

Objective: Impaired wound healing in diabetic patients is a clinical concern. However, exacerbation factors in diabetic wounds are still not clear. Inflammatory cell infiltrates after skin wounding and subsequent healing responses were investigated using diabetic mice. Methods: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), neutrophil infiltration and peptides from degraded collagen in wounded tissue were examined using db/db and wild-type mice. Results: The collagen peptides Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly in wounded tissue were quantified. G-CSF was transiently secreted from wounded tissue immediately after excision and then appeared in peripheral blood. G-CSF levels were significantly lower in db/ db mice than in wild-type mice, and neutrophil infiltration into the granulation tissue was lower in db/db mice. In wound tissue, only Pro-Hyp increased during the 7-day study, and Pro-Hyp levels were significantly lower in db/db mice. Wound closure was severely impaired in db/db mice. However, topical recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) administration accelerated healing, accompanied with increased neutrophil infiltration and Pro-Hyp production. Conclusion: The results show that decreased G-CSF secretion in wound tissue may trigger delayed healing in diabetic mice and that topical rhG-CSF administration increased Pro-Hyp production and accelerated healing. Therefore, G-CSF-induced Pro-Hyp may play an important role in wound healing.
Category: Biochemistry

[12] viXra:1708.0280 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:08:08

New Approaches to Melanoma Treatment: Checkpoint Inhibition with Novel Targeted Therapy

Authors: Suzie Chen, Ann Robinson
Comments: 4 Pages.

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer, largely due to its propensity for recurrence and metastasis, even after removal of malignant tissue. When melanoma reaches advanced stages, the disease becomes refractory to many types of therapy, which has created a need for novel therapeutic strategies to combat the disease. Our group focuses on the oncogenic function of a neuronal receptor, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1). When mGluR1 is aberrantly expressed in melanocytes, elevated levels of extracellular glutamate mediate the constitutive activation of the receptor to promote cell proliferation. We are exploring the potential synergistic efficacy when combining a glutamatergic signaling inhibitor with a checkpoint inhibitor antibody
Category: Biochemistry

[11] viXra:1708.0279 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:09:12

The Treatment of Solar Lentigo Using Dr. Hoon Hur’s Optimal Melanocytic Suicide-2 Parameter with a High Fluence 1064nm Nd:yag Laser Without Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation

Authors: Hoon Hur, Yu Ri Kim
Comments: 5 Pages.

A solar lentigo is a small, well-circumscribed, pigmented macule surrounded by normal-appearing skin. Histopathlogic findings may show epidermal hyperplasia and increased melanin pigmentation of the basal layer. A variable number of melanocytes are present; these melanocytes may be increased in number, but they do not form nests. In the most cases, treatment is not necessary for solar lentigo. However treating the solar lentigo without postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is very difficult and treatment for solar lentigo without side effects such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, scars and recurrences cannot be found in any literature yet. Therefore the authors introduce the new treatment of solar lentigo using optimal melanocytic suicide-2 parameter with a high fluence 1064nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser without side effects or recurrences.
Category: Biochemistry

[10] viXra:1708.0278 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:16:41

Long-Term Outcome Of Patients With Functional Dyspepsia Infected With A Cag-Positive Helicobacter Pylori Strain. A Descriptive Study

Authors: L Kemps, RJLF Loffeld
Comments: 6 Pages.

Introduction: An important virulence factor of H.pylori is the Cagpathogenicity island. The clinical sequel in patients with functional dyspepsia treated for H.pylori on the long-term is not known. Aim: Establish long-term outcome and relate this to the initial H.pylori status (CagA- positive or negative). Patients and Methods: In 1994/1995 a study on presence of H.pylori was done. IgG antibodies against cagA were determined. Three groups of patients were made: group 1: H.pylori + and CagA+; group 2: H.pylori + and CagA-; and group 3: H.pylori -patients. An extensive chart review and several questionnaires were used (a general questionnaire, the GerdQ, theSAI, and, the GSRS). Use of acid suppressive drugs was assessed. Results: 411 patients were included. New upper GI-endoscopies were significantly more often done in patients of group 1 (p<0.001). Reflux disease was significantly more often diagnosed in group 1 patients (p=0.02). After exclusions 239 patients (58.2%) received the questionnaires, 101 respondents were evaluable. Patients in group 1 reported significantly more often complaints. There was no significant difference in the overall presentation when patients of group 1 were compared with patients of group 2. However, there was a significant difference between the scores in H.pylori+ patients when compared with patients of group 3. Patients of group 1 significantly used more often acid suppressive therapy. Conclusion: functional dyspeptics with H.pylori CagA+strain, may develop more often complaints in the future necessitating a new endoscopic investigations. Signs of reflux disease are more often present.
Category: Biochemistry

[9] viXra:1708.0277 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:21:38

Perturbation of Igf2bp1 Transcriptome Upon the Interplay Between Mir-486-5p and Let-7a

Authors: Mourad HA, Assal RA, Youness RA, El Tayebi HM, Abdelaziz AI
Comments: 4 Pages.

Background: Activation of IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling cascade is a hallmark in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our previous work, we showed that miR-486-5p acts as a tumor suppressor miRNA in HCC mainly by vertically blocking IGF-1/IGF-1R axis and its downstream signaling mediators STAT3, mTOR and c-Myc. Recently, it was reported that the proto-oncogene c-Myc directly down-regulates the tumor suppressor miRNA, let-7a, especially in HCC and that let-7 directly targets the oncogenic RNA binding protein IGF2BP1. Aim: Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the indirect interplay between microRNAs; miR-486-5p and miR-let- 7a through c-MYC thereby its effect on a vital member of IGF-axis, IGF2BP1, in HCC. Methods: Huh-7 cell lines were cultured and transfected using miR-486-5p mimics using lipofection technique. Forty-eight hours post transfection, total RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed into cDNA, and finally amplified and quantified using q-RT-PCR. Impact of miR-486-5p on cell cycle was assessed using cell cycle vectors carrying response elements for the cell cycle protein c-Myc. Results: Efficient delivery of miR-486-5p in Huh-7 cells was obtained, where mimicked cells showed more than 8000 folds increase in miR-486-5p expression level. Ectopic expression of miR- 486-5p in Huh-7 cells resulted in a significant decrease in c-Myc protein expression, an increase in the expression level of the tumor suppressor, let-7a and finally forcing the expression of miR-486-5p showed a significant repression of the oncogenic validated target of let-7a, IGF2BP1. Conclusions: This study shows a novel mechanism of action of the tumor suppressor miR-486-5p. MiR-486-5p was found to indirectly repress an essential member of IGF-axis, the oncogenic RNA binding protein IGF2BP1, mainly through decreasing c-MYC expression and up regulating let-7a expression.
Category: Biochemistry

[8] viXra:1708.0276 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:23:04

Management Of Localised Postoperative Bile Collections

Authors: Hrbatý Boris, Shilova Nataliya1, Mižičková Magdaléna, Reis Richard1, Vrtík Luděk, Čambal Marek, Labaš Peter, Kostka Vladimír, Javorka Vladimír
Comments: 7 Pages.

The authors deal with their experience with conservative management of a rare compliction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy – formation of biloma. Biloma is to be expected, when a patient after uneventfull cholecystectomy starts to have mild temperatures, persisting upper abdominal pain and elevation of leukocytes number and level of CRP. It depends on the dynamics of the clinical picture and the size of bile collection, what kind of management would be the most appropriate in each specific case. Not always, the reoperation is necessary. It depends on the summary of all above mentioned results (CRP, Leukocytes count, temperature, evidence of peritoneal irritation or peritonitis, size of collection on US – CT imaging studies, interdisplinary cooperation and discussion with radiologists and endoscopists). Of course when necessary, the invasive therapy is indicated with following possibilities: US or CT guided suction drainage, endoscopic stent or surgical approach – i. e. reoperation.
Category: Biochemistry

[7] viXra:1708.0275 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:26:47

Technical Challenges During Therapeutic Ercp in a Patient with Situs Inversus Totalis

Authors: Shruti Khurana, Hani Zamil, Erik Rahimi, Sushovan Guha, Nirav Thosani
Comments: 1 Page.

Situs inversus totalis is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder occurring in 0.01% of the population. The reversal of visceral organs poses technical difficulties for therapeutic intervention during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We describe a unique case of a patient with situs inversus who underwent therapeutic ERCP for management of choledocholithiasis.
Category: Biochemistry

[6] viXra:1708.0274 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:36:27

Emerging Insights into the Moonlighting Functions and Evolutionary Origins of Mitochondrial RNA Methyltransferases

Authors: Sam Manna, Ashley Harman
Comments: 2 Pages.

RNA methyltransferases mediate the addition of methyl groups to ribonucleotides. Such modifications have implications for the structure and function of RNA. While methylation is reported in mitochondrial RNAs, the enzymes that catalyze these reactions often remain elusive; however with advances in sequencing technologies, genomic analysis is beginning to uncover their identities. Due to the complex evolutionary history of mitochondria, little is known about the origin and function of methyltransferases. This article explores two emerging families of mitochondrial RNA methyltransferases. We discuss the evidence suggesting they possess diverse bacterial (endosymbiotic and non-endosymbiotic) origins and have acquired functions in addition to methylation
Category: Biochemistry

[5] viXra:1708.0273 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:39:13

Increasing Breeding Without Breeding (BwB) Efficiency: Full Vs. Partial-Pedigree Reconstruction in Lodgepole Pine

Authors: Yousry A. El-Kassaby, Tomas Funda, Cherdsak Liewlaksaneeyanawin
Comments: 6 Pages.

The advantage of paternity assignment in assembling structured pedigree for breeding is investigated using two sampling methods; namely, family array (known maternal parent) and random offspring (unknown maternal and paternal parents) collected from an openpollinated lodgepole pine experimental population with known parents (N = 74) using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers. Offspring of equivalent sample sizes representing the family array (n = 619) and random offspring (n = 635) were genotyped and subjected to partial and full pedigree reconstruction, respectively. The full pedigree reconstruction assembled substantially larger number of full-sib families than the partial (446 vs. 268) and interestingly the two methods detected equivalent amount of external gene flow to the experimental population. The superiority of the random offspring over the family array sampling in producing more full-sib families was attributed to its better representation of the parental population, as random sampling included offspring from most parents as compared to the parent-limited family array. Owing to the observed advantages, the full pedigree reconstruction could be employed as an alternative to the breeding phase commonly required in conventional breeding programs for the development of structured pedigree needed for genetic parameters estimation.
Category: Biochemistry

[4] viXra:1708.0272 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:40:56

A Young Man Dying Of Fulminant Hepato-Renal Syndrome The Tagging To Alcohol Addiction Obscured the Diagnosis and Precluded the Treatment of Chronic Viral Hepatitis (HBV, HCV, HDV) As the Cause of His Liver Cirrhosis

Authors: Kari Syrjänen, Pentti Sipponen, Matti Härkönen, Hannes Tamm
Comments: 7 Pages.

Discourse: The present report describes a 47-year-old man who was referred to hospital due to liver cirrhosis and acute hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) that rapidly progressed, and of which he died within two months. As a result of a sequence of unfortunate events in his management, including an inaccurate and in part erroneous record of the patient’s past history, alcohol was considered as the sole cause of the liver failure (ALD), importantly, without taking a liver biopsy. The patient was ranked outside curative therapy, including renal replacement therapy (RRT) as the bridge to eventual liver transplantation. Instead, he received two courses of corticosteroids (for ALD). The negative serology for hepatitis viruses was not controlled, until in the other hospital during the final days before death, when the patient tested positive for HBV (HBsAb). Autopsy: At autopsy, the liver was large (2.800 g) with micronodular cirrhosis but no typical signs of ALD. When examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC), liver cells were extensively loaded with HBV, HCV and HDV, implicating an activation of a latent chronic viral hepatitis during the hospitalization, and massive replication of all three hepatotrophic viruses. This activation, remaining unnoticed by the clinicians, obviously resulted in acute-on-chronic fulminant viral hepatitis with rapid and fatal liver failure. Conclusions: By labeling the patient’s liver failure as ALD obscured adequate search for other potential causative factors for the patient´s HRS. This is most unfortunate, because standard curative medical treatments (DAA, direct acting antivirals) are available for viral hepatitis, and their diagnosis by biopsy should be straightforward. In contrast, treatment with steroids is contraindicated in viral hepatitis.
Category: Biochemistry

[3] viXra:1708.0271 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:43:07

Elejalde Syndrome: The Silvery Hair Syndrom

Authors: Fehmida Najmuddin, Rajesh Rai, Keya Lahiri, Priya Patil Cholera
Comments: 2 Pages.

Elejalde Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. The characteristic features are silvery hair and profound central nervous system dysfunction. Unevenly distributed melanin granules are observed on hair analysis. We hereby describe, a two and half year old female child with neuroregression, diffuse hypopigmentation and silvery hair who was diagnosed to have this syndrome.
Category: Biochemistry

[2] viXra:1708.0270 [pdf] submitted on 2017-08-23 06:46:17

Engineering or Biology?

Authors: Miguel Burgos
Comments: 2 Pages.

About ten thousand years ago, after the climate change at the end of the last glacial period, humans started producing their own food by farming instead of being nomadic hunters. This was the beginning of a long period in which artificial selection led to the domestication of many animal, vegetal, and even microbial species by indirectly manipulating their genotypes through phenotypic selection of traits of interest. Thus, we unconsciously started to genetically modify other species at the “neolithic revolution”.
Category: Biochemistry

[1] viXra:1708.0242 [pdf] replaced on 2017-08-21 07:35:07

Reverse Transcriptase Mechanism of Somatic Hypermutation: Sixty years of Clonal Selection Theory

Authors: Edward J Steele
Comments: 13 Pages.

The evidence for the reverse transcriptase mechanism of somatic hypermutation is substantial. In this 60th anniversary year of the publication of Burnet's Clonal Selection Theory the evidence is briefly reviewed and updated.
Category: Biochemistry