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1810 Submissions

[400] viXra:1810.0521 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 08:51:54

Deep Learning Glaucoma

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 52 Pages.

As part of a team of scientists from IBM and New York University, my colleagues and I are looking at new ways AI could be used to help ophthalmologists and optometrists further utilize eye images, and potentially help to speed the process for detecting glaucoma in images. [31] A team of EPFL scientists has now written a machine-learning program that can predict, in record time, how atoms will respond to an applied magnetic field. [30] Researchers from the University of Luxembourg, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society have combined machine learning and quantum mechanics to predict the dynamics and atomic interactions in molecules. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[399] viXra:1810.0520 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 09:30:28

Invariance of Maxwell’s Equations Under Galileo’s Transformations

Authors: Daniele Sasso
Comments: 3 Pages.

A proof of the invariance of Maxwell‟s equations for inertial reference frames, making use of the Galilean Transformations.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[398] viXra:1810.0519 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 09:34:04

AI in Social Media and News

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

The technology could help identify biases in social media posts and news articles, the better to judge the information's validity. [29] Researchers find AI-generated reviews and comments pose a significant threat to consumers, but machine learning can help detect the fakes. [28] Following the old saying that "knowledge is power", companies are seeking to infer increasingly intimate properties about their customers as a way to gain an edge over their competitors. [27] Researchers from Human Longevity, Inc. (HLI) have published a study in which individual faces and other physical traits were predicted using whole genome sequencing data and machine learning. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20] It's man vs machine this week as Google's artificial intelligence programme AlphaGo faces the world's top-ranked Go player in a contest expected to end in another victory for rapid advances in AI. [19]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[397] viXra:1810.0518 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 09:58:09

High-Resolution MRI

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

How can you make a high-frequency MRI machine more precise? By taking an electrical engineering approach to creating a better, uniform magnetic field. [18] An enigmatic X-ray source revealed as part of a data-mining project for high-school students shows unexplored avenues hidden in the vast archive of ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray Observatory. [17] There's nothing quite like an ice cream on a hot day, and eating it before it melts too much is part of the fun. [16] Studying the fleeting actions of electrons in organic materials will now be much easier, thanks to a new method for generating fast X-rays. [15] In a laboratory at the University of Rochester, researchers are using lasers to change the surface of metals in incredible ways, such as making them super water-repellent without the use of special coatings, paints, or solvents. [14] The interaction of high-power laser light sources with matter has given rise to numerous applications including; fast ion acceleration; intense X-ray, gamma-ray, positron and neutron generation; and fast-ignition-based laser fusion. [13] Conventional electron accelerators have become an indispensable tool in modern research. [12] An outstanding conundrum on what happens to the laser energy after beams are fired into plasma has been solved in newly-published research at the University of Strathclyde. [11] Researchers at Lund University and Louisiana State University have developed a tool that makes it possible to control extreme UV light-light with much shorter wavelengths than visible light. [10] Tiny micro-and nanoscale structures within a material's surface are invisible to the naked eye, but play a big role in determining a material's physical, chemical, and biomedical properties. [9] A team of researchers led by Leo Kouwenhoven at TU Delft has demonstrated an on-chip microwave laser based on a fundamental property of superconductivity, the ac Josephson effect. They embedded a small section of an interrupted superconductor, a Josephson junction, in a carefully engineered on-chip cavity. Such a device opens the door to many applications in which microwave radiation with minimal dissipation is key, for example in controlling qubits in a scalable quantum computer. [8]
Category: Physics of Biology

[396] viXra:1810.0517 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 13:54:58

Tautologies and Contradictions in the Language of Mind-Body Like Problems

Authors: Yuri Danoyan
Comments: 2 Pages. Russian

The Evaluation of language of Mind-Body like problems proposed.Examples from scientific texts are presented. Tautologies and Contradictions are adopted as evaluation criteria. Interpretation as Tautologies and Contradictions in the language of these texts are considered. Tribute to Wittgenstein "Tautologies and tautologies have no sense"
Category: Mind Science

[395] viXra:1810.0516 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 13:57:18

Interactive Quantum Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

JILA researchers have, for the first time, isolated groups of a few atoms and precisely measured their multi-particle interactions within an atomic clock. [25] University of Adelaide researchers have delved into the realm of Star Wars and created a powerful tractor beam – or light-driven energy trap – for atoms. [24] The Purcell effect also has another advantage: It shortens the time it takes the rubidium atom to store and release the quantum information. [23] Monika Aidelsburger uses a special type of optical lattice to simulate quantum many-body phenomena that are otherwise inaccessible to experimental exploration. [22] University of Illinois Professor Harry Hilton brought together several mathematical and physical theories to help look at problems in more unified ways and solve physical engineering problems. [21] A team of physicists from RUDN, JINR (Dubna), and the University of Hamburg (Germany) developed a mathematical model for describing physical processes in hybrid systems that consists of atoms and ions cooled down to temperatures close to absolute zero. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[394] viXra:1810.0514 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-18 10:57:30

Energy Velocity and Reactive Fields

Authors: Hans G. Schantz
Comments: 17 Pages. Equation graphics fixed

Conventional definitions of “near fields” set bounds that describe where near fields may be found. These definitions tell us nothing about what near fields are, why they exist, or how they work. In 1893, Heaviside derived the electromagnetic energy velocity for plane waves. Subsequent work demonstrated that although energy moves in synchronicity with radiated electromagnetic fields at the speed of light, in reactive fields the energy velocity slows down, converging to zero in the case of static fields. Combining Heaviside's energy velocity relation with the field Lagrangian yields a simple parameterization for the reactivity of electromagnetic fields that provides profound insights to the behaviour of electromagnetic systems. Fields guide energy. As waves interfere, they guide energy along paths that may be substantially different from the trajectories of the waves themselves. The results of this paper not only resolve the long standing paradox of runaway acceleration from radiation reaction, but also make clear that pilot wave theory is the natural and logical consequence of the need for quantum mechanics to correspond to the macroscopic results of classical electromagnetic theory.
Category: Classical Physics

[393] viXra:1810.0513 [pdf] replaced on 2019-07-10 20:37:52

Qubit State Represented by Pendulum Oscillations

Authors: Masataka Ohta
Comments: 5 Pages.

Dirac’s misconception that classical and quantum superpositions are different because absolute phase is quantum physically meaningless is, even today, seemingly blindly believed by many physicists. However, there is no such difference because, time translation symmetry means absolute time and, thus, absolute phase are classical physically meaningless, too. As a qubit can be a polarization division multiplexed (PDM) quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) symbol of light, its state has direct correspondence with polarization state of classical light. Even more intuitively, the state may be represented by two-dimensional mechanical oscillations of a pendulum, which enables intuitive understanding of not-really-quantum superpositioned states of a qubit even by elementary school pupils.
Category: Quantum Physics

[392] viXra:1810.0512 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 07:43:43

Quantum Beats Classical Computer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 74 Pages.

As multiple research groups around the world race to build a scalable quantum computer, questions remain about how the achievement of quantum supremacy will be verified. [45] Now, an Australian research team has experimentally realised a crucial combination of these capabilities on a silicon chip, bringing the dream of a universal quantum computer closer to reality. [44] A theoretical concept to realize quantum information processing has been developed by Professor Guido Burkard and his team of physicists at the University of Konstanz. [43] As the number of hacks and security breaches rapidly climbs, scientists say there may be a way to make a truly unhackable network by using the laws of quantum physics. [42] This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37]
Category: Quantum Physics

[391] viXra:1810.0510 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 09:30:22

Dark Matter Day

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 26 Pages.

Researchers have declared October 31st "Dark Matter Day," a day with many events dedicated to dark matter all over the world. [21] Scientists have a new window into the search for dark matter – an acrylic vessel that features a grouping of 12-foot-tall transparent tanks with 1-inch-thick walls. [20] Fermilab scientists are harnessing quantum technology in the search for dark matter. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[390] viXra:1810.0509 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 10:24:59

Electron Microscope Revealed

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 73 Pages.

The chips that drive everyday electronic gadgets such as personal computers and smartphones are made in semiconductor fabrication plants. These plants employ powerful transmission electron microscopes. [37] Researchers from Würzburg and London have succeeded in controlling the coupling of light and matter at room temperature. [36] Researchers have, for the first time, integrated two technologies widely used in applications such as optical communications, bio-imaging and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems that scan the surroundings of self-driving cars and trucks. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[389] viXra:1810.0508 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 11:05:20

Trapping Atoms

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

University of Adelaide researchers have delved into the realm of Star Wars and created a powerful tractor beam – or light-driven energy trap – for atoms. [24] The Purcell effect also has another advantage: It shortens the time it takes the rubidium atom to store and release the quantum information. [23] Monika Aidelsburger uses a special type of optical lattice to simulate quantum many-body phenomena that are otherwise inaccessible to experimental exploration. [22] University of Illinois Professor Harry Hilton brought together several mathematical and physical theories to help look at problems in more unified ways and solve physical engineering problems. [21] A team of physicists from RUDN, JINR (Dubna), and the University of Hamburg (Germany) developed a mathematical model for describing physical processes in hybrid systems that consists of atoms and ions cooled down to temperatures close to absolute zero. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[388] viXra:1810.0507 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 11:50:23

The Significance of Broken and Unbroken E8 Symmetry Time Is Shown For an MHCE8S Universe

Authors: George R. briggs
Comments: 1 Page. I wish to thank ViXra.org for incorporating one of my key numbers, 224, in my last note's identity number.

Abstract: Identification and separation can be made between broken and unbroken E8 symmetry time in MHCE8S universe theory thanks to the Z(4430) tetraquark
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[387] viXra:1810.0506 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 12:33:04

The Maxwell-Heaviside Equations

Authors: Antoine Acke
Comments: 29 Pages.

According to the gravitoelectromagnetic description of the gravitational phenomena, the Maxwell-Heaviside equations (GEM equations) govern the gravitational field. In this article these equations are mathematically deduced from the kinematics of the “informatons”, that – according to the “theory of informatons” - are the constituent elements of that field. It is also shown that the GEM equations are mathematically consistent and that they imply the existence of gravitational waves.
Category: Classical Physics

[386] viXra:1810.0505 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 12:55:20

Discovery of the New Laws of Movement Within the Moving System in the New Theory of Relativity

Authors: Valentín Ibáñez Fernández
Comments: 45 Pages.

ABSTRACT. In this PAPER, present a new theory of relativity of Galileo and discovery the new law of movement within moving system. The more in depth analysis of the theory of relativity to move towards to explain the new special theory of relativity. The new special theory of relativity1-7,14 explained correctly the entire fundamental phenomenon that occur in mechanical and electromagnetic processes, inside of inertial moving systems and in the systems at rest. However, some statements in this papers1-7 did not reveal the full basic physics philosophical approach to the description of these phenomena. This paper eliminate this shortcoming14. It allowed objectively excluding all admitted errors in the development of the theory of relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[385] viXra:1810.0504 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 15:21:40

On Bell's Theorem

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 5 Pages.

Bell's Theorem implies that quantum correlation of entangled particles as calculated in quantum mechanics violates elementary probabilistic inequalities. It is shown that the reason is a problem in scaling of detector directions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[384] viXra:1810.0503 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 15:23:17

A Hidden Variable Solution to the EPR Paradox

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 6 Pages.

The hidden variable solution to the EPR paradox proposes that correlation of measurements of entangled particles is due to variables that get decided when the entangled particles get created. It is shown that the correlation of spin measurements in Bell's form of the EPR paradox can be explained as deriving from spin of the entangled particles in the x-direction. This spin parameter is not hidden as it is included in the standard quantum mechanical formulation.
Category: Quantum Physics

[383] viXra:1810.0502 [pdf] replaced on 2019-11-16 11:27:21

Short Note on Unification of Field Equations and Probability

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 9 Pages.

Is math in harmony with existence? Is it possible to calculate any property of existence over math? Is exact proof of something possible without pre-acceptance of some physical properties? This work is realized to analysis these arguments somehow as simple as possible over short cuts, and it came up with some compatible results finally. It seems that both free space and moving bodies in this space are dependent on the same rule as there is no alternative, and the rule is determined by mathematics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[382] viXra:1810.0501 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 20:11:45

Where is the Antimatter

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 10 Pages.

The standard model predicts there should be equal parts of matter and antimatter. This paper proposes a simple mathematical solution to this problem. It basically proposes that the universe is built from the ground up, and antimatter is just a temporary state created by tearing the universe up a little and then reconstructing. It. In “The Ultimate Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything is an Entangled 42”, (1) we found that the smallest realm in the universe was spheres packed in a cuboctahedron of 3 layers. In the first realm of the cuboctahedron there was a perfect 42 spheres on the outside of 3 layer cuboctahedron. When one looks at the equation of breaking up a layer, there are positive and negative real solutions.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[381] viXra:1810.0500 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 02:39:09

Can Stabilization and Symmetry Breakings Give Rise to Life in the Process of the Universe Evolution?

Authors: Choong Sun Kim
Comments: 6 Pages. Published in International Journal of Astrobiolgy (2018); DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1473550418000071

Bio-genesis can be understood as the final process of the Universe's evolution, from Planck scale down to nuclear scale to atomic scale to molecular scale, then finally to bio-scale, with the breaking of relevant symmetries at every step. By assuming the simplest definition of life, that life is just a molecular system which can reproduce itself (auto-reproducing molecular system -- ARMS) and has such kinetic ability (kineto-molecular system -- KMS), at least for its microscopic level, as to respond actively to its surrounding environments, we tried to explain the origin of life, taking the final step of the Universe evolution. We found a few clues for the origin of life, such as: (1) As the Universe expands and gets extremely cold, bio-genesis can take place by auto-reproducing molecular system, new level of stabilization may be achievable only at `locally cold places', such as comets. (2) There must be the parity breaking in the bio-scale stabilization process, which can be violated spontaneously, or dynamically by the van der Waals forces possible only at locally cold places. (3) And the rule of bio-parity breaking is universal within the bio-horizon. So we will find, for example, only left-handed amino acids in all living beings dwelling within our galaxy. (4) The idea of bio-genesis through the bio-scale stabilization in the evolution of the Universe looks very consistent with Panspermia hypothesis, and supports it by providing a viable answer for life's origin at such locally cold places.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[380] viXra:1810.0499 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 06:01:34

AI Recognize Galaxies

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

Researchers have taught an artificial intelligence program used to recognise faces on Facebook to identify galaxies in deep space. [22] Now, researchers at Stanford University have devised a new type of artificially intelligent camera system that can classify images faster and more energy efficiently, and that could one day be built small enough to be embedded in the devices themselves, something that is not possible today. [21] Today, deep neural networks with different architectures, such as convolutional, recurrent and autoencoder networks, are becoming an increasingly popular area of research. [20] A deep neural network running on an ordinary desktop computer is interpreting highly technical data related to national security as well as—and sometimes better than— today's best automated methods or even human experts. [19] Scientists at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), located at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, have pioneered the use of GPU-accelerated deep learning for rapid detection and characterization of gravitational waves. [18] Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have developed a mathematical model for the emergence of innovations. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[379] viXra:1810.0498 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 06:19:39

Material Orbiting Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

ESO's exquisitely sensitive GRAVITY instrument has added further evidence to the long-standing assumption that a supermassive black hole lurks in the centre of the Milky Way. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[378] viXra:1810.0496 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-31 06:51:51

Microworld_41. Unsolved Problems of Physics_ 1

Authors: N.N.Leonov
Comments: 19 Pages. English and russian texts

This paper identifies the substantial nature of microworld wave-corpuscle duality and sets out fundamental differences between the microworld and macroworld wave-corpuscle duality. It has been found that magnetic field around a current conductor is induced by the motion of electrical charge carriers own magnetic fields rather than by the motion of electrical charges itself. There has been the generation mechanism of Lorentz forces applied to electrons moving across the external magnetic field lines identified. It has been found that electrons and neutrons have tornadic ethereal structures which stability is due to magnetic interactions.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[377] viXra:1810.0494 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 10:00:23

Electrons Mimic Astrophysical Dynamos

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 82 Pages.

The authors say that it's not yet clear how best to kickstart a dynamo on a small sliver of Weyl semimetal. [44] Schematic of a magnetic nozzle rf plasma thruster (helicon plasma thruster) having two open source exits and photographs of the three operation modes in the laboratory test. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36]
Category: Astrophysics

[376] viXra:1810.0492 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 11:01:25

Fine-Structure Constant at High Energy and Cooper Pairs

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 5 Pages.

Higgs boson can not shrink spacetime to zero because its components are indestructible. The created electron-positron pairs inside the uncharged scalar in centre of baryons force contraction of the distances between spacetime components. At energy equal to mass of the W boson, we obtain that the fine-structure constant is about 1/128. We show also that particles emitted by fermions increase their effective ranges. We calculated that maximum distance between electrons in Cooper pairs should be 1161 nm.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[375] viXra:1810.0491 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 10:48:48

Light on Weyl Fermions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD in Hamburg and North Carolina State University in the US have demonstrated that the long-sought magnetic Weyl semi-metallic state can be induced by ultrafast laser pulses in a three-dimensional class of magnetic materials dubbed pyrochlore iridates. [14] At TU Wien recently, particles known as 'Weyl fermions' were discovered in materials with strong interaction between electrons. Just like light particles, they have no mass but nonetheless they move extremely slowly. [13] Quantum behavior plays a crucial role in novel and emergent material properties, such as superconductivity and magnetism. [12] A source of single photons that meets three important criteria for use in quantum information systems has been unveiled in China by an international team of physicists. Based on a quantum dot, the device is an efficient source of photons that emerge as solo particles that are indistinguishable from each other. The researchers are now trying to use the source to create a quantum computer based on "boson sampling". [11] With the help of a semiconductor quantum dot, physicists at the University of Basel have developed a new type of light source that emits single photons. For the first time, the researchers have managed to create a stream of identical photons. [10] Optical photons would be ideal carriers to transfer quantum information over large distances. Researchers envisage a network where information is processed in certain nodes and transferred between them via photons. [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[374] viXra:1810.0490 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 11:29:58

Energy-Efficient Data Storage

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 55 Pages.

Multiferroics are considered miraculous materials for future data storage – as long as their special properties can be preserved at computer operating temperatures. [36] In an international collaboration with IBM Research, the University of Oxford and the International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, QNS scientists used advanced and novel techniques to measure the nuclear spin of individual atoms on surfaces for the first time. [35] A team of scientists led by Professor Richard Layfield at the University of Sussex has published breakthrough research in molecule-based magnetic information storage materials. [34] Just like their biological counterparts, hardware that mimics the neural circuitry of the brain requires building blocks that can adjust how they synapse, with some connections strengthening at the expense of others. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[373] viXra:1810.0489 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 12:01:28

Phonon Dispersion Thermal Conductivity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

Lattice thermal conductivity strongly affects the applications of materials related to thermal functionality, such as thermal management, thermal barrier coatings and thermoelectrics. [30] A team of researchers from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) and the University of Potsdam has investigated heat transport in a model system comprising nanometre-thin metallic and magnetic layers. [29] A new uncertainty relation, linking the precision with which temperature can be measured and quantum mechanics, has been discovered at the University of Exeter. [28] Physicists have demonstrated that energy quantization can improve the efficiency of a single-atom heat engine to exceed the performance of its classical counterpart. [27] A solid can serve as a medium for heat and sound wave interactions just like a fluid does for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators-resulting in leak-free machines that can stay operating longer. [26] Like watchmakers choosing superior materials to build a fine timepiece, physicists at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore have singled out an atom that could allow them to build better atomic clocks. [25] Yale physicists have uncovered hints of a time crystal—a form of matter that "ticks" when exposed to an electromagnetic pulse—in the last place they expected: a crystal you might find in a child's toy. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23]
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[372] viXra:1810.0488 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 12:20:08

AI and NMR Spectroscopy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

A team of EPFL scientists has now written a machine-learning program that can predict, in record time, how atoms will respond to an applied magnetic field. [30] Researchers from the University of Luxembourg, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society have combined machine learning and quantum mechanics to predict the dynamics and atomic interactions in molecules. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[371] viXra:1810.0487 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 13:14:19

Magic Squares

Authors: Ankur Shukla, Anurag Singh
Comments: 20 Pages.

This article provide unique methods of creating perfect magic squares of order 4 and using certain conditions the magic square can be made more precise and varied. The article contains rules which connects all the perfect squares of order 4 and bring them under one roof. The rules contained in this article deals with various methods of arranging a square maintaining the perfectness and bringing new appearance every time using symmetry. The main objective is to create a method for generation of perfect formula of magic square.
Category: Number Theory

[370] viXra:1810.0485 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 18:28:13

Kepler 3rd Law Explanation (Part No.2) (To Support my Claim Against Nobel Prize Board Decision in Physics 2018)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 9 Pages.

In my previous paper Kepler 3rd Law Explanation (a Claim against Nobel Prize Board Decision in Physics 2018) http://vixra.org/abs/1810.0053 I have discussed another vision for Kepler 3rd law… In that paper I claimed, Kepler 3rd Law proves that, the solar group is one machine or one body where each planet should be considered as a member in this same body… Also I claimed, Kepler 3rd law contradicts Newton Mechanics basically because Newton Mechanics considers each planet is separated and independent from other planets in his data and motion where the gravity forces produce the harmony in their motions… In this paper we'll discuss one more question …let's ask it here? Do we understand correctly Kepler Laws' Vision? And why we misunderstood them? Let's see deeply as possible… Kepler stated a clear rule that, "The Planet Velocity varies inversely with his Orbital Distance" What did we conclude from this rule? The force is related to the sun, So The further Planet from the sun the slower velocity he has….! The meaning is clear ….. this idea is the base on which the gravity concept is created Let's try to see Kepler 3rd Law with more depth… d3/t2 = constant (C) (Kepler 3rd Law) But we know that… a (acceleration) = d/t2 ……that means…… a (acceleration) x d2 = constant i.e. d2 = Constant / a (acceleration)(I) The equation tells us that, the planet acceleration various inversely with his squared orbital distance! Is this meaning = the previous one?! The Space is Energy Can we deduce another vision from Equation No. I ?! Let's use my description to explain this Equation….let remember it… -The solar group is one body each planet is a member in this body -The mass is Energy (E=mc2), and the space is energy (my hypothesis), and planet motion needs energy… -The mass and distance are created from the same energy which guarantees the planets motions general harmony. Now let's suppose that, -Each planet has an equal amount of Energy for these 3 purposes (mass, distance and motion) That means More area from the sun needs more energy which means the planet velocity will be decreased because the mass energy is fixed and can't be changed in ordinary cases … That's the meaning we have got from Equation No. (I) which told us the area (not distance) varies inversely with the planet motion acceleration…. Deep Discussion I try here to explain the negative effects which are resulted because of basic definitions absence Where we have no definitions of Space, matter, time …etc and have no explanation how the matter is created or by what mechanism the gravity works…. Many basics were ignored in the way to create a description for the solar group Geometry and the result of this process is to create an imaginary description has no proof. Again I try to attribute this process to Newton Mechanics and not to Kepler Laws…. Let's read C.M.Linton words while he claim that kepler knew there's a relationship between the planet diameter and his orbital distance….. "Kepler thus assumed that the volumes of the planets were proportional to their distances to the sun and the quantity of matter they contained to the square root of this distance, so that planetary densities varied inversely as square root of the orbital radius and is this ad hoc way be could reproduced his third law (T2 varies with a3) and absorb into physical Astronomy" "From Eudexus to Einstein A history of Mathematical astronomy" (page 198-199) C.M. Linton – Cambridge university Press… From that, we can conclude Kepler Laws were created in environment tried to define the matter origin and creation… So, the gravity force description which assumes that each planet is independent from the others… this description is the strange one from Kepler Laws environment, that tells us, Kepler laws were cut from their environment to be used in strange environment can't provide its basics… So again the contradiction is clear enough… Kepler Laws provide a description for the solar group as one body or one machine where the planets integrate with each other to provide the motions general harmony, at the contrary Newton Mechanics provides a vision of separated points (separated plants) which cause difficulties to provide the motions general harmony. This paper tries to answer 2 questions 1-Why d3/t2 = constant? 2-Why the inner planets are distinguished from the outer planets? Gerges Francis Tawdrous TEL +201022532292 E-mailgeorgytawdrous@yandex.ru Linkedln https://eg.linkedin.com/in/gerges-francis-86a351a1 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/gergis.tawadrous Academia https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous
Category: Astrophysics

[369] viXra:1810.0484 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 22:36:02

Observation Noise

Authors: Masataka Ohta
Comments: 3 Pages.

When a qubit interacts with environment, it may, instead of lose coherence, be observed. As is well known in quantum cryptography, such observation destroys entangled state causing noise, in this letter, called “observation noise”. As quantum error correction fundamentally depends on entangled states, the observation noise makes error correction impossible. As such, quantum computation with practically large quantum parallelism is impossible. Classical computers are better than quantum ones.
Category: Quantum Physics

[368] viXra:1810.0483 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 06:21:12

Integrated Quantum Chip Operations

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 72 Pages.

Now, an Australian research team has experimentally realised a crucial combination of these capabilities on a silicon chip, bringing the dream of a universal quantum computer closer to reality. [44] A theoretical concept to realize quantum information processing has been developed by Professor Guido Burkard and his team of physicists at the University of Konstanz. [43] As the number of hacks and security breaches rapidly climbs, scientists say there may be a way to make a truly unhackable network by using the laws of quantum physics. [42] This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35]
Category: Quantum Physics

[367] viXra:1810.0482 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 06:55:52

Conditions for Stable Equilibrium of the Upright Human Body in the Presence of External Influence

Authors: Karlo Moistrapishvili
Comments: 4 Pages.

This paper is a continuation of the earlier work, which considered the stable equilibrium of upright human body in the absence of external factors. External forces are introduced herein, which may disturb the stable equilibrium and cause the body to tumble. The paper also introduces the concept of the coefficient of the stable equilibrium and proposes a formula for its calculation. Finally, a formula is set up to obtain the maximum value of external forces under which the body still maintains the state of equilibrium.
Category: Classical Physics

[366] viXra:1810.0481 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-30 06:58:25

Simulation of Distillation Column using DWSIM and ASPEN Plus: A Comparative Study

Authors: Rohan Shorey
Comments: 4 Pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, a comparative study

In the present study, a distillation process to separate methanol-water was simulated. The work employed NRTL activity coefficients model to describe the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the methanol-water system. The main extractive column took a mixture of methanol and water as feed and separated methanol as distillate and water as the bottoms product. The simulations were performed on DWSIM and ASPEN Plus version 8.6, thus, this is a comparative study with the prime focus to gain an insight of the obstacles faced in simulations carried out on an open source software. The initial work consisted of simulation of the process using shortcut method, so as to obtain basic sizing of the columns based on the purity required and to obtain data to study the variation of reflux ratio with the number of stages and thus, to finalize the actual number of stages required and reflux ratio for rigorous model. Further, rigorous models were employed so as to get more accurate results using the values obtained earlier. A distillate of substantially pure methanol stream with minimal water was obtained using the above model. Finally, a variation of the composition of methanol and water with the stages of distillation column were plotted and also, T-x-y and P-x-y plots were generated.
Category: Chemistry

[365] viXra:1810.0480 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 09:57:21

Phase Inversion of the 3S2 Oscillation of the Earth

Authors: Herbert Weidner
Comments: 8 Pages.

The analysis of the gravitational data from 2004 and 2011 consistently shows regular phase reversal at intervals of around 50 hours. The four-leaf directional pattern rotates in 200 hours westwards around the N-S axis of the earth. The supposed "anomalous splitting" of 3S2 is a measurement error, caused by wrongly chosen parameters of the Fourier transformation.
Category: Geophysics

[364] viXra:1810.0479 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 10:11:24

Fermat’s Theorem: the Second Case (a is Multiple of n)

Authors: Victor Sorokine
Comments: 1 Page.

The number D=[(A+B)^n-(C-B)^n-(C-A)^n+(A^n+B^n-C^n)] ends with k+2 zeroes, where k is the number of zeroes at the end of the number A (and in the number A+B-C). However, after the opening of the binomials in the number D its (k+2)-th digit is not equal to zero.
Category: Number Theory

[363] viXra:1810.0478 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 10:12:26

Fermat’s Theorem: the Second Case (a is Multiple of n) Russian

Authors: Victor Sorokine
Comments: 1 Page. Russian version

Число D=[(A+B)^n-(C-B)^n-(C-A)^n+(A^n+B^n-C^n)] оканчивается на k+2 нулей, где k – число нулей на конце числа А (и в числе A+B-C). Однако после раскрытия биномов в числе D его (k+2)-я цифра нулю не равна.
Category: Number Theory

[362] viXra:1810.0477 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 11:21:21

Helium Production in Stellar Metamorphosis, or Where Did Earth's Helium Come From?

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

It is taught and accepted by the establishment's dogma that most of the helium on Earth is produced by radioactive decay. This is false. Most of the helium on Earth was simply trapped during crust formation during later stages of stellar evolution. This is why it is found and extracted mostly from natural gas deposits, and not uranium mines.
Category: Astrophysics

[361] viXra:1810.0476 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 11:10:53

DNA Dances Through Nucleus

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

DNA flows inside a cell's nucleus in a choreographed line dance, new simulations reveal. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[360] viXra:1810.0475 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 11:43:51

DNA Nanocages

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 29 Pages.

Nanocages are highly interesting molecular constructs, from the point of view of both fundamental science and possible applications. [18] DNA flows inside a cell's nucleus in a choreographed line dance, new simulations reveal. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10]
Category: Physics of Biology

[359] viXra:1810.0474 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 12:15:44

Protein Nanowires

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 31 Pages.

In their proof-of-concept study, the protein nanowires formed an electrically conductive network when introduced into the polymer polyvinyl alcohol. [19] Nanocages are highly interesting molecular constructs, from the point of view of both fundamental science and possible applications. [18] DNA flows inside a cell's nucleus in a choreographed line dance, new simulations reveal. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11]
Category: Physics of Biology

[358] viXra:1810.0471 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 13:57:36

Nanosized Ferroelectrics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 55 Pages.

Ferroelectric materials have a spontaneous dipole moment which can point up or down. Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23]
Category: Condensed Matter

[357] viXra:1810.0470 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-01 06:34:30

About Total Relativity Theory as a Measurement Theory for Observables in N Dimensions and one Meaning of the 5th Dimension for the Material Medium

Authors: Pablo Hernan Pereyra
Comments: 6 Pages.

An introduction to Total Relativity Theory as a measure theory of observable with potential fields energy distribution in 5 or more dimensions, with a natural deduction of the Planck-Einstein relation and the quantization of the Gravitational Field of the 1st Schwarzschild Solution. Are revealed the new Quantum tensor (instead of the energy momentum tensor) and the Photon rest mass as the fundamental particle mediating all forces of the Nature as a consequence of the existence of the 5th dimension for mass measurement. Also a reference to the concept of Local Experimental Physics in Scale.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[356] viXra:1810.0469 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 17:31:22

“The Photon Double-Helicoidal Model” the Key to Solving the Problems of Modern Physics

Authors: Oreste Caroppo
Comments: 58 Pages.

"What is the structure of the photon?" is the question that has allowed us to arrive at this elegant model capable, in compliance with the laws of physics, to explain all the properties of the photon giving them physical consistency. The photon remains neutral but emerges as constituted by two sub-particles, forming an electric dipole, rototranslating, with the overall mass-energy of the photon divided equally between them, thus describing a double-helix trajectory. This allows to explain the double nature of electromagnetic radiation and of corpuscle of the photon: the frequency and the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emerge as connected to the characteristics of the rototranslating motion of the photon; a cross section is attributed to the photon trasversal to its propagation direction with a diameter proportional to its wavelength; the spin of the photon emerges from the model exactly; dynamic equilibrium of the photon gives the linear relation that binds energy and frequency in a photon, as we discover the physical meaning of the Planck Constant related to the electrical polarization properties of the vacuum and its inertia to the polarization; the velocity of light in the vacuum is understood to be that velocity at which vacuum "appears transparent", does not polarize, with respect to the charges of the electric photon dipole. This perfect model, of which the first results reported here were developed by the author in the early years of the 21st century, opened the way to the discovery of the baptized "Maxwell's Error" which shows how a physical-mathematical error kept away physicists, about 150 years ago, from the discovery of this fundamental structure of the photon, thus leading to today's problems of Modern Physics. For the great developments and in-depth analyzes established and permitted by this work visit the website at link: http://fiatlux.altervista.org/ See the most extensive abstract in English also at this link: http://fiatlux.altervista.org/-the-photon-double-helicoidal-model-the-key-to-solving-the-problems-of-modern-physics.html EXTENDED PRESENTATION Here we present the discovery of a theoretical structure of the photon capable of explaining all its multiple properties through an electric-magnetic-dynamic model; a symmetrical electric dipole structure, at the base, with the suggestive double-helical trajectory, with a helix angle of 45°, that emerges as a consequence of the basic physical laws of dynamics and of the electric and magnetic interaction between moving charges, (Coulomb force and Lorentz force). These are the results of a theoretical work developed by the author, Oreste Caroppo, in the early years of the 21st century and which were collected for the first time in this work. This surprising model characterized by a high elegance, simplicity and exorbitant explanatory skills, on the one hand has allowed to give a unitary explanation to the plurality of properties connoting the photon, on the other it has also opened the way for the better understanding and resolution of immense problems open and unresolved in Modern Physics. It has guided in the direction of a new revolutionary unification in Physics, passing through the discovery of the theoretical errors related to the conception of the nature of electromagnetic radiation, the "light"; errors which had been unconsciously absorbed, generating, over time, a theoretical propagation of the error that has come up to our days, which is now possible to retrace. We refer to what in later works will be baptized by the author the "Maxwell’s Error" or even "the great original sin of Modern Physics", a physical-mathematical error that, if understood, would have already allowed at the time of the discovery of Maxwell’s equations, about 150 years ago, and even more to the subsequent discovery of the quantization of the electric charge, to hypothesize a granular discrete nature of the electromagnetic radiation, and even already with a basic quantum which is the photon with the dipolar double-helicoidal structure as presented here in the model discovered. An error related to the correct physical and mathematical meaning of the zero setting of the charge density in the Maxwell’s Equations from which Maxwell arrived at the equations of the electromagnetic waves. The setting equal to 0 of the charge density in vacuum is no guarantee of the absence of charge in the empty space in which an electromagnetic wave is propagating, as believed and affirmed, thus concealing instead the compatibility of that null value with the presence in the electromagnetic radiation of electric dipoles as its constituents, whose algebraic sum of the total charge is always null, such as that dipole connoting the structure of the single independent photon studied in this work. The photon is therefore electrically neutral as theorized and ascertained empirically, but we find this to be true as a whole, but in its structural nature it has a dipolar charge distribution which now explains many of its properties, such as the link with the electric and magnetic field of electro-magnetic radiation to it physically intrinsically associated. The model shows how it is now physically possible to associate to the photon a cross section transversal to its propagation direction with a diameter proportional to its wavelength; the photon is therefore not a mono-point entity as up to now simplistically considered. In any case, all the classic properties of the point photon can be found in the center of mass of the photon described by the double-helicoidal model of the photon. We can now better understand the relationships between photon and Maxwell's equations which give a continuous approximate description of a reality whose true nature is at the base discontinuous. Various and numerous developments that start from this work the author has spread more widely on his website at the link: http://fiatlux.altervista.org/ New light is thus thrown from this work for the better understanding of the nature of matter and antimatter that find their basis in the basic symmetric structure of the photon composed according to this model of two sub-particles having the same mass-energy (each half of the total energy of the photon) and electric charge with the same module, (corresponding to the quantum of electric charge), but with opposite sign. Through this model we discover how the photon, on whose nature of "quantum" all Quantum Mechanics is based, is actually involved and the consequence of another more fundamental and basic quantification of Nature, that is the one of the electric charge and this allowing a theoretical simplification, in good agreement with the criterion of "Occam's razor", but also permitting a great unification in Physics between the results of the past and the twentieth-century discovery of the photon, which in the light of the model and of the theory here exposed, we now understand, does not represent more reason for a crisis in Physics, the one that led to Modern Physics in full conflict with Classical Physics, but the existence of the photon appears as the natural consequence and prediction of the basic physical laws and of the quantization of the electric charge. Through the double-helicoidal model of the photon the wavelength and the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation associated with the photon, and also emerging from the equations of the electromagnetic waves of Maxwell, now also assume a physical correlation with the rototraslative motion of the two charges of the dipole and therefore of the two sub-particles which, we discover, compose the photon. The linear relationship between the energy of a photon and its frequency now stands out wonderfully as a physical-mathematical consequence of the dynamic stability of the photon structure, and this finally allows a new understanding of the physical meaning of Planck constant, as well as of the fine-structure constant, which appear as physically linked to the electrical polarization properties of the vacuum and its inertia to this polarization, so much so that the same speed of light in vacuum, as physically-mathematically described by Maxwell's equations, we now understand better to be that velocity to which the vacuum, we can say, appears transparent, does not polarize itself, with respect to the electric charges of the photon dipole. A better understanding of the properties of the vacuum is therefore also allowed by the model. Thus, finally, we come to an understanding of why the value of Planck charge is so close to the value of the elementary electric charge, although in the expression of the Planck charge, obtained through fundamental physical constants, the Planck constant appears, but not the elementary electric charge. The model also leads, by adding the consideration of the gravitational interaction between the two sub-particles of the photon, to obtain all the Planck units and therefore also to better understand their physical meaning. Even finally the concepts of mass in relation to the photon, and not only, can be better understood in the light of the model, against the many ambiguities in which Modern Physics has occurred in the consideration of this very important concept. Even better now we can finally understand the meaning of the equivalence between mass and energy given by the famous equation of Einstein and Olinto de Pretto. In any case, the photon in the exposed model, whose center of mass behaves like a luminal particle, preserves in its entirety the same relativistic mass and the same total rest mass null as expected for the luminal particle photon in Special Relativity. This model also indicates the way to solve the problem of the wave-particle duality for the photon through a single structure capable of explaining both the corpuscular and the undulatory properties of light, together and at the same time, naturally and without any dogma. The double helicoidal model of the photon also leads to a better understanding of the nature of electric fields and magnetic fields indicating also the way to approach the problems opened by the EPR Paradox and Bell's inequalities, as well as indicating the road to overcoming the imposed dogmas with the so-called Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics following an incomplete understanding of the nature of the light affected by the aforementioned errors. At the same time it also allows to deepen the error of having considered the electrical and magnetic interaction between electric charges based on the exchange of photons when instead, on the contrary, the existence of the photon is allowed by the same electric charges that we discover to be even its components. Treating the theme of light, of the speed of light, of the properties of vacuum, the open theory then leads in the direction of a critical re-reading of the theories of Relativity, as well as, as widely explained, it also inevitably leads, by treating the photon, to a critical re-reading of the developments in Quantum Physics. Nature is one and could not be fully described, as up to now in Modern Physics, by two theories, Quantum Mechanics and Relativity, with foundations conflicting between them: the Double-Helicoidal Model of the Photon, discovered thanks to the basic question "what is the structure of the photon that explains all its properties? ", was the long-awaited key for correction and reunification because the Physics could advance from the quagmire in which it had slipped because of small very simple but at the same time immense theoretical errors escaped attention. There are countless experimental results regarding the photon which find theoretical explanation through this photon model as well as experimental results on the question of the locality or non-locality of the electrical and magnetic interactions. I also refer, for the many details and developments on this subject, to my website, and to its paragraphs, to the link: http://fiatlux.altervista.org/ Oreste Caroppo
Category: Quantum Physics

[355] viXra:1810.0468 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-29 09:17:04

Inconsistencies in EM Theory - the Kelvin Polarization Force Density Contradiction

Authors: Zoltan Losonc
Comments: 38 Pages.

Calculations of resultant electrostatic force on a charged spherical or cylindrical capacitor with two sectors of different dielectrics, based on the classical formulas of electrostatic pressure, Kelvin polarization force density, and Maxwell stress tensor predict a reactionless force that violates Newton’s 3rd law. Measurements didn’t confirm the existence of such a reactionless thrust, thus there is an apparent inconsistency in the classical EM theory that leads to wrong results.
Category: Classical Physics

[354] viXra:1810.0467 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-27 03:36:34

The Imaginary Norm

Authors: Jan Makopa
Comments: 6 Pages.

It is known that the direction of a position vectors located along the imaginary dimension of the Euler coordinate system distorts the symmetry of the Euler cycle. The pertinent Literature in context has algebraic origins but yet can be argued as has been done by others in the past that – the direction of the singularities cannot be real and therefore must carry an imaginary component. To understand how Norms oscillate, we propose the “Norm Wave Function” whose exposition we give herein is based on the geometric expansion of Norms. The once speculative Mohammed Abubakr- proposition on Calpanic Numbers, can now find full justification as a fully-fledged proposition. At the end of it all our contribution in the present work – if any; is that we shall here in Part One demonstrate that directional singularities that distorts Euler rotations are imaginary state vectors that are cyclic in nature and in Part two of this proposition we will further demonstrate that the hypothetical Norm in proposal carry unique attributes that may have the potential to explain the manifestation of real space from the imaginary realm.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[353] viXra:1810.0466 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-29 03:13:34

Directional Long-Lived Nanolight

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

An international research team reports that light confined in the nanoscale propagates only in specific directions along thin slabs of molybdenum trioxide, a natural anisotropic 2-D material. [29] Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers are working to make better electronic devices by delving into the way nanocrystals are arranged inside of them. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Condensed Matter

[352] viXra:1810.0464 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 06:16:36

Material Cool Itself Down Extreme

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

A cutting-edge material, inspired by nature, that can regulate its own temperature and could equally be used to treat burns and help space capsules withstand atmospheric forces is under development at the University of Nottingham. [25] In order to understand why bacteria are becoming immune to previously well-functioning drugs, scientists are penetrating ever deeper into the molecular structure of cells. [24] Proteins rarely work alone, they interact, form protein complexes or bind DNA and RNA to control what a cell does. [23] Using tiny micromotors to diagnose and treat disease in the human body could soon be a reality. [22] Scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have produced the most precise picture to date of population dynamics in fluctuating feast-or-famine conditions. [21] For planetary protection, this indicates that more stringent cleaning steps may be needed for missions focused on life detection and highlights the potential need to use differing and rotating cleaning reagents that are compatible with the spacecraft to control the biological burden. [20] Now an international team of researchers has found a new way to investigate how Tb bacteria inactivate an important family of antibiotics: They watched the process in action for the first time using an X-ray free-electron laser, or XFEL. [19] A protein complex called facilitates chromatin transcription (FACT) plays a role in DNA packing within a nucleus, as well as in oncogenesis. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15]
Category: Condensed Matter

[351] viXra:1810.0463 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 06:49:06

Graphene Nanofluids

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Disperse graphene in a suitable solvent and the resulting nanofluid will have much better thermal properties than the original liquid. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18]
Category: Condensed Matter

[350] viXra:1810.0462 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 07:06:55

Nanocrystals Electronics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers are working to make better electronic devices by delving into the way nanocrystals are arranged inside of them. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient.
Category: Condensed Matter

[349] viXra:1810.0461 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 08:24:57

Co2 Flush Rates After Soil Crumbling as Related to Soil Carbon Pools and Soil Fragmentation Characteristics

Authors: Magnus Carlsson, Olof Andrén, Vera Kainiemi, Thomas Kätterer
Comments: 9 Pages.

Sensible use of tillage requires knowledge about different aspects of soil crumbling. Decisions of best management practices must be based on complex considerations regarding e.g. effective tractor use, long-term soil health, etc. Research on soil carbon fluxes in tilled soils is an area of investigation which has received much attention recently, but ideally it should be approached in a combined bio-physical manner. We conducted studies on respiration from freshly fragmented clay soil in different aggregate size fractions with help of a multi-channel respirometer. The fragmented soil was characterized in terms of different soil carbon pools. The physical fragmentation itself was characterized in a manner that should be relevant to the three existing ways of relating use of a specific tool configuration to physical outcome of the operation, namely soil mechanical tillage experiments in situ, tests in soil bins and computational soil mechanics. Linear regressions showed that higher specific aggregate surface area, more free organic C per dry soil and more occluded C per dry soil led to higher soil respiration rates.
Category: Geophysics

[348] viXra:1810.0460 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 09:59:33

Electron Quantized Impedance Network Calculations (From 2011-2012)

Authors: Peter Cameron
Comments: 19 Pages.

Mathcad calculation screensnaps of the quantized impedance network of the electron, pasted into powerpoint and saved as a pdf. For original mathcad file please contact the author.
Category: Quantum Physics

[347] viXra:1810.0459 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 12:00:17

Twin Primes

Authors: Di Pietro Gabriele
Comments: 9 Pages.

This paper gives us an application of Eratosthenes sieve to distribution mean distance between primes using first and upper orders of Gauss integral log- arithm Li(x).We define function Υ in section 5. Sections 1 − 4 give us an introduction to the terminology and a clarification on Υ terms. Section 6 reassumes foregoing explanations and gives us two theorems using first and upper integral logarithm orders.
Category: Number Theory

[346] viXra:1810.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 13:21:47

Methods for Derivation of Generalized Equations in the (S,0)+(0,S) Representations of the Lorentz Group

Authors: Valeriy V. Dvoeglazov
Comments: 13 Pages. Some parts of this paper have been presented at the XI Escuela de DGFM SMF, Dec. 5-9, 2016, Playa del Carmen, QRoo, M\'exico, the IARD2018, June 4-7, 2018, M\'erida, Yuc., M\'exico and the MG15 Meeting, July 1-7, Rome, Italy.

We continue the discussion of several explicit examples of generalizations in relativistic quantum mechanics. We discussed the generalized spin-1/2 equations for neutrinos and the spin-1 equations for photon. The equations obtained by means of the Gersten-Sakurai method and those of Weinberg for spin-1 particles have been mentioned. Thus, we generalized the Maxwell and Weyl equations. Particularly, we found connections of the well-known solutions and the dark 4-spinors in the Ahluwalia-Grumiller elko model. They are also not the eigenstates of the chirality and helicity. The equations may lead to the dynamics which are different from those accepted at the present time. For instance, the photon may have non-transverse components and the neutrino may be {\it not} in the energy states and in the chirality states. The second-order equations have been considered too. They have been obtained by the Ryder method.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[345] viXra:1810.0456 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 15:02:10

Thomas Precession is the Basis for the Structure of Matter and Space

Authors: Preston Guynn
Comments: 27 Pages.

Einstein's theory of special relativity was incomplete as originally formulated since it did not include the rotational effect described twenty years later by Thomas, now referred to as Thomas precession. Though Thomas precession has been accepted for decades, its relationship to particle structure is a recent discovery, first described in an article titled "Electromagnetic effects and structure of particles due to special relativity". Thomas precession acts as a velocity dependent counter-rotation, so that at a rotation velocity of (Sqr(3)/2) c, precession is equal to rotation, resulting in an inertial frame of reference. During the last year and a half significant progress was made in determining further details of the role of Thomas precession in particle structure, fundamental constants, and the galactic rotation velocity. In this article, these discoveries are described and proofs are provided, with results matching experimentally determined values to between eight and thirteen significant digits. Among the discoveries described and proven herein are 1) the observed galactic rotation velocity and elementary particle spin interact due to Thomas precession, 2) the basis for Planck's constant and quantized energy levels is Thomas precession, 3) the fine structure constant is a function of galactic rotation velocity and the maximum value of rotation velocity minus precession velocity. Also discovered and proven is that, due to the inertial frame of reference resulting from Thomas precession, distance and time, with units meters and seconds, within three dimensional space are sufficient to describe the structure of particles and their interactions. Einstein showed that energy is dependent on frame of reference with his equation E =g mc2, and he formulated E = mc2 as rest energy. Proven herein is that particle mass and rest energy are functions of rotational velocity due to Thomas precession. These far reaching discoveries are all interrelated, and based in Thomas precession. The theory, models, and equations give results that match experimental data to very high precision.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[344] viXra:1810.0455 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 16:43:31

Virtual Particles in the Vacuum as the Source of Gravity

Authors: Eran Sinbar
Comments: 4 Pages.

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle in energy and time, comes in the form of virtual particle pairs in empty space. These virtual pairs of matter and anti-matter in empty space pop in and out of existence. Their short existence can be measured directly through the Casimir effect [1]. These virtual particles constitute the Hawking radiation. They carry the latent black hole information from the surface of the event horizon into the void of space during the evaporation process of the black hole[2],[3].In this article I suggest a model in which these virtual particles in the vacuum are the source for gravity, curvature of space and time dilation.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[343] viXra:1810.0454 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 16:43:57

Star Densities During Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

A graph has been drawn up to show that the densities of stars changes as they evolve into life hosting stars. This is in accordance with the General Theory of Stellar Metamorphosis and facilitates the complete replacement of the dogma. Explanation is built in to the questions of why big hot stars are diffuse, and small red dwarfs are dense, and even explains why some Earth type objects are different densities.
Category: Astrophysics

[342] viXra:1810.0453 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 23:27:52

Time Arrow and Holographic Interval

Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Comments: 1 Page.

The arrow of time is considered from the point of view of the modified holographic principle.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[341] viXra:1810.0452 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-28 04:41:17

Comment on “A Motion Paradox from Einstein´s Relativity of Simultaneity”

Authors: Rodrigo de Abreu
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this paper we analyse “a new and potentially important paradox related to Einstein’s theories of special relativity and relativity of simultaneity” introduced by Espen Gaarder Haug in a very interesting recent paper. Based in our previous work we show that there is no paradox since it is impossible that “one reference frame will claim that the train is moving and that the other frame must claim that the train is standing still in the time window “between” two distant events”. The world indeed is not “bizarre” since there is an indeterminacy in the standard formulation of the theory that disappear if we consider a third frame where the one-way speed of light is isotropic.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[340] viXra:1810.0451 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 06:00:27

Light-Bending Shrinks to Millimeter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 56 Pages.

The DESY accelerator facility in Hamburg, Germany, goes on for miles to host a particle making kilometer-long laps at almost the speed of light. Now researchers have shrunk such a facility to the size of a computer chip. [34] University of Michigan physicists have led the development of a device the size of a match head that can bend light inside a crystal to generate synchrotron radiation in a lab. [33] A new advance by researchers at MIT could make it possible to produce tiny spectrometers that are just as accurate and powerful but could be mass produced using standard chip-making processes. [32] Scientists from the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25]
Category: Condensed Matter

[339] viXra:1810.0450 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 07:27:57

Machine Learning Quantum Magnetometer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

Researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Aalto University in Finland, and ETH Zurich have demonstrated a prototype device that uses quantum effects and machine learning to measure magnetic fields more accurately than its classical analogues. [26] Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed an approach that uses machine learning to identify and predict which genes make infectious bacteria resistant to antibiotics. [25] AI combined with stem cells promises a faster approach to disease prevention. Andrew Masterson reports. According to product chief Trystan Upstill, the news app "uses the best of artificial intelligence to find the best of human intelligence—the great reporting done by journalists around the globe." [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[338] viXra:1810.0449 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 09:05:39

Quantum Bits Shielded

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 69 Pages.

A theoretical concept to realize quantum information processing has been developed by Professor Guido Burkard and his team of physicists at the University of Konstanz. [43] As the number of hacks and security breaches rapidly climbs, scientists say there may be a way to make a truly unhackable network by using the laws of quantum physics. [42] This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34]
Category: Quantum Physics

[337] viXra:1810.0448 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 10:25:12

Superconducting Informatics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

A NIMS-Ehime University joint research team succeeded in discovering new materials that exhibit superconductivity under high pressure using materials informatics (MI) approaches (data science-based material search techniques). [36] Measuring the properties of superconducting materials in magnetic fields at close to absolute zero temperatures is difficult, but necessary to understand their quantum properties. [35] Scientists from Russia, China and the United States predicted and have now experimentally identified new uranium hydrides, predicting superconductivity for some of them. [34] Russian physicists from MIPT teamed up with foreign colleagues for a groundbreaking experimental study of a material that possesses both superconducting and ferromagnetic properties. [33] An international group of scientists, including a researcher from Skoltech, has completed an experimental and theoretical study into the properties displayed by strongly disordered superconductors at very low temperatures. [32] The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[336] viXra:1810.0447 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 11:19:43

Protein Controls Leaf Growth

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne have now discovered how a protein called LMI1 can control leaf growth and shape. [24] One way we might actually prove our biological complexity is to look at the number of different proteins that our bodies can produce for building all our different types of cells and the other things they need. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14]
Category: Physics of Biology

[335] viXra:1810.0446 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 14:19:49

Time, Information and Memory

Authors: Kaushik Kumar Majumdar
Comments: 27 Pages. It should be in Computer Science / Information Theory category

In this work we present a unified mathematical framework, under which time, information and memory are represented. This framework is multidimensional real manifolds. Clock is a system in which a particle traverses the real line (a one dimensional manifold) in uniform velocity. Time is indicated by the position of the particle. Information is represented by the deformation of a multidimensional manifold. This deformation takes some time to take place, during which information is created (encoded) dynamically. When the deformation in the manifold is preserved over time it is called memory. Preservation over short period of time is short term memory and over long period of time is long term memory. Information as deformation of manifold accommodates both Shannon type (information as random occurrence of coded data, devoid of meaning) and semantic type (information as the meaning of data, where the meaning may or may not be unique). Accommodating codons, the unit of genetic information, in this unified framework is very challenging and left as an open problem. If this can be achieved we will get a framework in which it will become possible to study how information encoded in the gene manifests through proteins expression in an organism. Several real life applications of the study have been highlighted.
Category: Classical Physics

[334] viXra:1810.0445 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 14:59:39

Inertial Impulse Electric Thermonuclear Reactor and Method of It.

Authors: Alexander Bolonkin
Comments: 15 Pages.

The author offers the new small reactor and method for getting a nuclear energy. Main idea is getting a high temperature by new high intensity opposed electric field and two opposed collision jets. Reactor has many innovations and can easy to get the high ignition temperature up 30 keV (350 million K), has enough fuel density (~6×1028 1/m3) and conformation (10-6 sec) without the cryogenic, laser or magnetic systems. Author invited a new method for heating of plasma by a direct electric currency, not using laser and laser compressing or heating X-ray or particles beam, not using magnetic field for plasma conformation. No cryogenic temperature. Reactor has Lawson criterion in hundreds of times more than need. The fuel may be liquid, sold, chemical elements and their measures or a compressed gas into ampule. Reactor can work on cheap D+D nuclear fuel (1 gram of deuterium cost only 1$), is very cheap and has a small installation. Author offered the ideas how to easy convert nuclear energy into mechanical energy, electricity, rocket thrust and some chemical elements into the need elements. The main test (getting the thermonuclear reaction) costs only some ten thousand dollars. If test will be successful, we can immediately design the engines for ships, trains, submarines, electric stations, propulsions for rockets and so on. The method for getting thermonuclear energy comprising the following steps: using the reactor for getting energy; making the special fuel capsule; placing the capsule into said reactor camera with the automatic delivery system; connecting the capsule to said source energy; charging the energy source a need energy; switching the energy source to the capsule; quick heating said fuel capsule up an ignition thermo-nuclear temperature by direct electric currency the need voltage, power and ignition energy; producing thermonuclear energy; cooling the reactor to acceptable temperature by injecting a cooling agent; using of thermonuclear energy. The author has reached and developed the theory of such reactors, made a lot of computations. Invention has a lot of features. He recommends contacting him for details and computations, . 13 Claims, 5 Figures.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[333] viXra:1810.0444 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-28 12:22:14

Is Time Misconception of the Transformations Possible?

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 4 Pages.

Time is quite interesting phenomenon in physics, and it seems is relative; but what does it mean to be relative of time? What does to be fixed of light speed mean? Does to be fixed of light speed require observation at light speed? What if we can observe faster than light speed because of increased frame number? Is time effective for this imaginary effect or also time itself is dependent on another actual causative phenomenon? Is it possible to make a wrong conception for time and speed even if the phenomenon we advocate is actually true?
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[332] viXra:1810.0440 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 18:21:26

Our Lumpy Universe

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 11 Pages.

In “The Ultimate Answer to Life, the Universe, and Everything is an Entangled 42”, (1) we found that the smallest realm in the universe was spheres packed in a cuboctahedron of 3 layers. In the first realm of the cuboctahedron there was a perfect 42 spheres on the outside of 3 layer cuboctahedron. In each subsequent layer the packing of spheres formed a larger sphere. But, the final layer of spheres the average number was not a whole integer. I suspect that in actuality each sphere does have integer number of spheres, but adjacent spheres have a slightly number of spheres. This slightly different number gives us a slightly different constant of nature, ever so small and different, but enough to contribute to a lumpy universe. In “The Holographic Principle and How can the Particles and Universe be Modeled as a Hollow Sphere”(2). We found that the amount of discontinuities, or imperfections, when packing spheres around a group of spheres in equal to 4pir^2+4pir. This is basically the outside of the sphere contains the amount of information a universe can carry. The discontinuities or imperfections formed when packing spheres around a sphere, however small a percentage this may be contributes to the lumpy universe. Our Realm of the universe would have a difference in particle size of about one in over ten to the 40th power. In addition What is the Ultimate Answer to Life the Universe and Everything? According to the “Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” an advanced race of beings invented a supercomputer called Deep Thought, which after 7.5 million years came up with the answer of 42. The real answer, to this question, could very well be related to 42. Sphere Theory is a theory where the universe is made of spheres, which are made of spheres etc. It is also a theory where perfection and imperfection are in competition, where perfect packing is cuboctahedron packing and imperfect packing is spheres packed around spheres. This imperfect packing always results in the imperfect amount of packing is nearly equal to the outer layer of spheres, which is likely related to the holographic principle. This paper shows that this spherical structure of nature is followed until the structure becomes a cuboctahedron with an outer layer of 42 spheres. The Hubble Sphere was found to have a surface area 1.0471*10^80 Planck spheres. The Planck Spheres were found to have a surface area of 6.57920 *10^40 Kaluza spheres. This paper works to help explain where these quantities come from.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[331] viXra:1810.0439 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-26 22:34:10

Topological Materials, Unnatural Fermions, the Higgs, and Geometry

Authors: Rodney Bartlett
Comments: 4 Pages.

The General Theory of Relativity (1) will be useful in this article dealing with an aspect of the quantum world. Specifically – the analogy of the theory’s curvature of space-time to a rubber sheet. A small body like the Earth is said to warp space-time only a little and create a dimple in the sheet. A larger body such as the Sun curves space-time much more and forms a deep valley in the rubber. And a black hole is often pictured as warping space-time so much that it tears a hole through the rubber fabric. Transferring the analogy to the quantum realm – the motion of electrons can be visualized as their gliding across hills and valleys of pure energy (gravitational energy). This is because Relativity says gravity is caused by the curvature of space-time. Therefore, gravity … gravitational energy … IS space-time. Materials that don’t conduct electricity (insulators) have deep valleys which electrons struggle to escape from. In 2004, U.S.A. physicist Charles Kane noticed something strange in his computer simulations of electrons flowing through different materials: an insulator whose quantum state had the equivalent of a hole. Kane had not found the first quantum black hole but had discovered the first topological insulator – a then theoretical material that could conduct electricity on its surface but not within its interior. (In 2007, American physicist M. Zahid Hasan led the team that made the first 3D topological insulator.) About 90 years ago, while experimenting with the equations of quantum physics, German physicist Hermann Weyl showed that a massless and charged particle (now called the Weyl fermion) could theoretically exist. (2) In topological insulators, the hole in its quantum state causes electrons to come together and behave like a single particle called a Weyl fermion. The Weyl fermion can be related to Topological Insulators (TI), the Majorana fermion^ can be related to future quantum computers’ Topological Superconductors (TS), while topological insulators and topological superconductors may be regarded as the inverse of each other. This state of topological materials and “unnatural” fermions can be expressed by another phenomenon which I call vector-tensor-scalar geometry. ^ The Majorana fermion was predicted in 1937 by Italian physicist Ettore Majorana playing with the same quantum math that had intrigued Weyl. Like a Weyl fermion, a Majorana fermion has no mass. It also has no charge, despite being made of a bunch of negatively charged electrons. (3)
Category: Quantum Physics

[330] viXra:1810.0438 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 03:31:16

Biomolecule Interactions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Proteins rarely work alone, they interact, form protein complexes or bind DNA and RNA to control what a cell does. [23] Using tiny micromotors to diagnose and treat disease in the human body could soon be a reality. [22] Scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have produced the most precise picture to date of population dynamics in fluctuating feast-or-famine conditions. [21] For planetary protection, this indicates that more stringent cleaning steps may be needed for missions focused on life detection and highlights the potential need to use differing and rotating cleaning reagents that are compatible with the spacecraft to control the biological burden. [20] Now an international team of researchers has found a new way to investigate how Tb bacteria inactivate an important family of antibiotics: They watched the process in action for the first time using an X-ray free-electron laser, or XFEL. [19] A protein complex called facilitates chromatin transcription (FACT) plays a role in DNA packing within a nucleus, as well as in oncogenesis. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13]
Category: Physics of Biology

[329] viXra:1810.0437 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-01 05:02:05

Maximum Velocity for Matter in Relation to the Schwarzschild Radius Predicts Zero Time Dilation for Quasars

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 5 Pages.

This is a short note on a new way to describe Haug’s newly introduced maximum velocity for matter in relation to the Schwarzschild radius. This leads to a probabilistic Schwarzschild radius for elementary particles with mass smaller than the Planck mass. In addition, our maximum velocity, when linked to the Schwarzschild radius, seems to predict that particles just at that radius cannot move. This implies that radiation from the Schwarzschild radius not can undergo velocity time dilation. Our maximum velocity of matter, therefore, seems to predict no time dilation, even in high Z quasars, as has surprisingly been observed recently.
Category: Quantum Physics

[328] viXra:1810.0436 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-27 05:03:39

Protein Resistance Mechanism

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

In order to understand why bacteria are becoming immune to previously well-functioning drugs, scientists are penetrating ever deeper into the molecular structure of cells. [24] Proteins rarely work alone, they interact, form protein complexes or bind DNA and RNA to control what a cell does. [23] Using tiny micromotors to diagnose and treat disease in the human body could soon be a reality. [22] Scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have produced the most precise picture to date of population dynamics in fluctuating feast-or-famine conditions. [21] For planetary protection, this indicates that more stringent cleaning steps may be needed for missions focused on life detection and highlights the potential need to use differing and rotating cleaning reagents that are compatible with the spacecraft to control the biological burden. [20] Now an international team of researchers has found a new way to investigate how Tb bacteria inactivate an important family of antibiotics: They watched the process in action for the first time using an X-ray free-electron laser, or XFEL. [19] A protein complex called facilitates chromatin transcription (FACT) plays a role in DNA packing within a nucleus, as well as in oncogenesis. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14]
Category: Physics of Biology

[327] viXra:1810.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 06:20:51

Yang-Mills Theory is the Typical Form of Torsion Tensor

Authors: Wan-Chung Hu
Comments: 1 Page.

In the single page of this article, I stated that Yang-Mills theory (the foundation of standard model) is actually the typical form of torsion tensor. Since electromagnetic field is also the torsion tensor without the [x,y] part. We can easily unite strong force field, weak force field, and electromagnetic field by integrating these torsion tensors. This provides the proof of Yang-Mills theory existence. And, I also solved Yang-Mills mass gap problem in strong interaction in my previous study. Thus, the grand unified theories can be finished.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[326] viXra:1810.0434 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 06:29:22

Reducing Reducible Linear Ordinary Differential Equations with Function Coefficients to Linear Ordinary Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients

Authors: Agbo Felix Isaac
Comments: 17 Pages.

In this article, I propose a generalized method for obtaining a substitution for reducing a reducible linear ordinary differential equation with function coefficients (RLDEF) to a linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficient (LDE). This proposed method was also used to obtain the already known substitutions for the Euler’s and Legendre’s homogeneous second order linear differential equation. The derived method is able to reduce quite a large number of RLDEF to LDE including the Euler’s and Legendre’s homogeneous second order linear differential equation. However, these RLDEF (homogeneous and inhomogeneous) must satisfy the condition for reducibility, which is also proposed before the substitution is derived. the condition for reducibility is based on the order of the differential equation. In this article, the condition for reducibility is presented for a second and third order LDEF. Keywords: reducibility, generalized, differential equations.
Category: General Mathematics

[325] viXra:1810.0433 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 09:10:32

Machine Learning Antibiotic Resistance

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed an approach that uses machine learning to identify and predict which genes make infectious bacteria resistant to antibiotics. [25] AI combined with stem cells promises a faster approach to disease prevention. Andrew Masterson reports. According to product chief Trystan Upstill, the news app "uses the best of artificial intelligence to find the best of human intelligence—the great reporting done by journalists around the globe." [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[324] viXra:1810.0431 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 09:28:30

AI Help Seniors Stay Safe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

An autonomous intelligence system is helping seniors stay safe both at home and in care facilities, thanks to a collaboration between University of Alberta computing scientists and software technology company Spxtrm AI. [22] Now, researchers at Stanford University have devised a new type of artificially intelligent camera system that can classify images faster and more energy efficiently, and that could one day be built small enough to be embedded in the devices themselves, something that is not possible today. [21] Today, deep neural networks with different architectures, such as convolutional, recurrent and autoencoder networks, are becoming an increasingly popular area of research. [20] A deep neural network running on an ordinary desktop computer is interpreting highly technical data related to national security as well as—and sometimes better than— today's best automated methods or even human experts. [19] Scientists at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), located at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, have pioneered the use of GPU-accelerated deep learning for rapid detection and characterization of gravitational waves. [18] Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have developed a mathematical model for the emergence of innovations. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[323] viXra:1810.0430 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 10:07:06

Small Device Bends Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 54 Pages.

University of Michigan physicists have led the development of a device the size of a match head that can bend light inside a crystal to generate synchrotron radiation in a lab. [33] A new advance by researchers at MIT could make it possible to produce tiny spectrometers that are just as accurate and powerful but could be mass produced using standard chip-making processes. [32] Scientists from the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24]
Category: Condensed Matter

[322] viXra:1810.0429 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 10:33:55

Relationship Between Dark Energy with Quantum Mechanics and Fundamental Forces

Authors: Mohammad Hadi Mohammadi, Hadi Ranjbari
Comments: 19 Pages.

In this paper we discuss on the geometrical reason that leading to expansion of the universe. This reason tells us that vector fields and tensor fields in the manifolds lead to accelerating the manifolds. If we accept this theory we can describe basis of the quantum mechanics. We mean that if we imagine atoms as manifolds because of that acceleration is so low, all the vector fields and tensor fields that exist in atoms will be curved. So, all the vectors treat like waves, and this is basic reason for quantum mechanics that tell us particle in the atoms like electron treat like wave. In this paper we evaluate 4-vector as vector that treats like wave and finally we will talk about unification of forces with tensor fields. Since tensor fields lead to accelerating the manifolds, fundamental forces lead too. As this approach we could unify our forces in one equation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[321] viXra:1810.0428 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 10:49:02

From Cosmological Constant to Cosmological Matrix

Authors: Miroslav Pardy
Comments: 7 Pages. The cosmological matrix is the original idea.

The starting point of modern theoretical cosmology were the Einstein equations with the cosmological constant Λ which was introduced by Einstein. The Einstein equations with the cosmological matrix is introduced here.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[320] viXra:1810.0427 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-23 10:09:40

Galaxy Rotation Curve of Triangulum Galaxy (M-33) By Using New Quantum Gravity Theory

Authors: Ravindra Sidramappa Mundase
Comments: 7 Pages.

A detailed study of roatation curve of triangulum galaxy(M33) has been done using new quantum gravity theory.The new quantum gravity theory is based on baryonic matter only. This new theory is not based on the dark matter. Hence the existence of dark matter is rejected. The new theory is different from Newton’s gravitational theory or any other gravitational theory postulated at present. The new theory is non-relativistic theory in which space and time are constant and not related to each other. This theory is a quantum gravity theory in which gravity is made up of small quantas.It is observed that the theoretical rotational velocities curve form a cusp at the radius of 20 kly. This is a dominant and most important aspect of new quantum gravitational theory. The halo cusp problem cannot be solved by dark matter hypothesis. Inability to solve halo cusp problem is main drawback of dark matter hypothesis. This new quantum gravitational theory solves the halo cusp problem of rotation curve of galaxy.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[319] viXra:1810.0426 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 13:21:34

The Contraction of the Multiverse with C Speed

Authors: Aurelian Dan Ivan
Comments: 2 Pages.

The notions of length, mass and time are the result of sensory perception. Physics is based on images created by us through observation and transmitted for mathematical or experimental confirmations. In modern physics and cosmology, what could not be noticed, being below or above the limit of observation of our instruments, are simple hypotheses that mathematical sciences have to confirm. We evaluate the cosmic space in terms of objects, bodies and particles, dividing the universe into a macrocosm and a microcosm, and establishing absolute results for distances and relative masses, which is illogical.The multiverse is infinite and consists of an infinite number of universes The multiverse is composed of multiverse elements The multiverse elements are perceived by humans as a substance or field function within the human observation . Multiverse space-time dimensions, tend to mathematically 0. Applying number 0 to physics formulas is erroneous, except for addition and drop operations, this being only a neutral element to add; the defining property of 0 is that 0 + a = a for all numbers a. The expressions "something / 0 = infinite" and "something x 0 = 0" can not describe the physical reality. The multiverse contracted by changing the scale. The contraction takes place across the entire space and temporal scale, thus preserving our perception of the relative scale of the universe and of all the multiverse elements that make up at one point. The only way we perceive the multiverse is the reflection of interactions between multiverse elements at a particular moment of contraction. Any measurement of distances, masses and times is relative, which has a different value in each moment. Changing the scale by shrinkage is how the multiverse exists. The phenomenon can be observed because our sense organs and our measures and observation, are composed of elements multiverse that contracts with the same speed rate of contraction of the multiverse in physical vacuum is C = 299790000 m / s where m is the physical length unit of measurement and s is the physical measure of time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[318] viXra:1810.0424 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 18:47:21

The Polymorphic System HD 87646 and Its Associated Evolving Stars

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages.

It is taught and accepted by the dogma that all stars are the same age if they are seen orbiting young stars. This is false. The system HD 87646 is polymorphic, meaning it has stars in various stages of evolution as is predicted by the general theory. Generalizations and future predictions are made concerning this system.
Category: Astrophysics

[317] viXra:1810.0423 [pdf] replaced on 2019-09-10 22:02:00

The Formula of Zeta Odd Number

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 3 Pages.

I calculated ζ (3),ζ(5). ζ (7),ζ(9)……… ζ (23). And the formula indicated. For example, in ζ (3) For example, in ζ (5) And ultimately the following formula is required n and m are positive integer.
Category: Number Theory

[316] viXra:1810.0422 [pdf] replaced on 2020-09-25 11:42:25

Wow! Signal as a Harbinger of a Revolution in Physics

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 40 Pages.

In the first part we show that in the Wow! signal extraterrestrial civilization coded the foundations of physics ignored or distorted by the scientific community on Earth, while in the second part I used numerology to point out the missing key elements of the ultimate theory scientifically described in the Scale-Symmetric Theory.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[315] viXra:1810.0418 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 06:14:11

The Proof of Goldbach's Conjecture

Authors: Matan Cohen
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this paper, I will describe and demonstrate a new method to prove Goldbach’s Conjecture. The idea behind my method is to organize all natural numbers in a binary tree, and to find the connections between the even numbers and the prime numbers by using the characteristics of the tree structure.
Category: Number Theory

[314] viXra:1810.0417 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 07:37:13

Quantum Soccer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

The Purcell effect also has another advantage: It shortens the time it takes the rubidium atom to store and release the quantum information. [23] Monika Aidelsburger uses a special type of optical lattice to simulate quantum many-body phenomena that are otherwise inaccessible to experimental exploration. [22] University of Illinois Professor Harry Hilton brought together several mathematical and physical theories to help look at problems in more unified ways and solve physical engineering problems. [21] A team of physicists from RUDN, JINR (Dubna), and the University of Hamburg (Germany) developed a mathematical model for describing physical processes in hybrid systems that consists of atoms and ions cooled down to temperatures close to absolute zero. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15]
Category: Quantum Physics

[313] viXra:1810.0416 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 08:02:16

Self-Gravitating Gaseous Spheres in 5D Framework

Authors: Evrim Ersin Kangal
Comments: 23 Pages.

One of the suitable theoretical idea for the polytrope in the Kaluza-Klein cosmology is discussed. Assuming a 5-dimensional (5D) spacetime model described by the Kaluza-Klein theory of gravity, we implement the energy density and pressure of the polytrope which is a self-gravitating gaseous sphere and still very useful as a crude approximation to more realistic stellar models. Next, we obtain the best-fit values of the auxiliary parameters given in the model according to the recent observational dataset. Finally, we study some cosmological features and the thermodynamical stability of the model.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[312] viXra:1810.0415 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 08:13:25

Altering the Natures of Gravity and Light Redefines the Universe

Authors: Paul Schroeder
Comments: 5 Pages. presented to CNPS online discussion group

I have a number of ‘Universe is Otherwise’ papers that focus on giving gravity a physical nature and expanding its effects upon everything in our universe. The summary of my ‘paep’(1) gravity recognizes a pushing force applied by the flow of EM radiation such as light.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[311] viXra:1810.0414 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 08:25:24

AI to Create Fragrances

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

With this in mind, my team at IBM Research, together with Symrise, one of the top global producers of flavors and fragrances, created an AI system that can learn about formulas, raw materials, historical success data and industry trends. [25] The New York Times contacted IBM Research in late September asking for our help to use AI in a clever way to create art for the coming special section on AI. [24] Granting human rights to a computer would degrade human dignity. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[310] viXra:1810.0413 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 09:11:15

Search Engines Entropy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

Search engine entropy is thus important not only for the efficiency of search engines and those using them to find relevant information as well as to the success of the companies and other bodies running such systems, but also to those who run websites hoping to be found and visited following a search. [20] "We've experimentally confirmed the connection between information in the classical case and the quantum case," Murch said, "and we're seeing this new effect of information loss." [19] It's well-known that when a quantum system is continuously measured, it freezes, i.e., it stops changing, which is due to a phenomenon called the quantum Zeno effect. [18] Physicists have extended one of the most prominent fluctuation theorems of classical stochastic thermodynamics, the Jarzynski equality, to quantum field theory. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[309] viXra:1810.0412 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 09:57:09

100 Times Faster Internet

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[308] viXra:1810.0411 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 10:22:05

Random Transistor Laser

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 69 Pages.

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University, in collaboration with partners around the world, have been able to control the direction of a laser's output beam by applying external voltage. [42] This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33]
Category: Quantum Physics

[307] viXra:1810.0410 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 11:18:23

On the Physical Nature of the Hong-ou-Mandel Effect

Authors: V.A. Kuz`menko
Comments: 3 Pages.

It is noted that widely known Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is one of numerous manifestations of fundamental property of quantum physics – its time reversal noninvariance.
Category: Quantum Physics

[306] viXra:1810.0409 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 12:51:31

Special Relativity in Complex Space-Time. Part 4. General Problems of Physics and Complex Space-Time

Authors: Jozef Radomanski
Comments: 8 Pages.

The article shows that the paravector orthogonal transformation is invariant for the Klein-Gordon equation and for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of the free particle. This confirms that the alternative theory of relativity, which we create in the complex space-time, does not conflict with other branches of physics. The complex space-time with its natural properties gives hope for ordering of the physics of the great speeds created by the revolution at the turn of the 19th and 20th century.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[305] viXra:1810.0408 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-17 09:34:46

Homotopy Analysis Method for Solving a Class of Nonlinear Mixed Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations of Fractional Order

Authors: Zaid Laadjal
Comments: 10 Pages.

In this paper, we describe the solution approaches based on Homotopy Analysis Method for the follwing Nonlinear Mixed Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation of fractional order $$^{C}D^{\alpha }u(t)=\varphi (t)+\lambda \int_{0}^{t}\int_{0}^{T}k(x,s)F\left( u(s\right) )dxds,$$ $$u^{(i)}(0)=c_{i},i=0,...,n-1,$$ where $t\in \Omega =\left[ 0;T\right] ,\ k:\Omega \times \Omega \longrightarrow \mathbb{R},$ $\varphi :\Omega \longrightarrow \mathbb{R},$ are known functions,\ $F:C\left(\Omega, \mathbb{R}\right) \longrightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is nonlinear function, $c_{i} (i=0,...,n-1),$ and $\lambda $ are constants, $^{C}D^{\alpha }$ is the Caputo derivative of order $\alpha $ with $n-1<\alpha \leq n.$ In addition some examples are used to illustrate the accuracy and validity of this approach.
Category: General Mathematics

[304] viXra:1810.0405 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 21:35:25

Tomorrow’s Physics Alters Information Technology Which Alters Global Economics and Social Science

Authors: Rodney Bartlett
Comments: Pages. Published in "APPLIED COMPUTING eJOURNAL" Vol. 2, No. 49: Apr 25, 2019

Hidden Variables are presently hypothetical factors based on the belief that the theory of quantum mechanics is incomplete. Their identification would lead to exact predictions, not just probabilities, for the outcomes of measurements. Albert Einstein is the most famous proponent of hidden variables (it will be shown that the variables are compatible with entanglement, what Einstein called the result of “spooky action at a distance”). Their existence would vindicate his belief that quantum mechanics is lacking something. If probability is deleted at the universe’s most fundamental level, computer-generated random numbers (and the online security which is based on them) will become vulnerable to computer hackers. Addressing the security of credit cards, a partial remedy would be to develop a worldwide system for increasing each person’s standard of living that totally eliminates money in all its forms. Then there’d be no credit-card details for hackers to steal. This radical step seems to be possible because the human instinct to survive is much greater than other drives such as self-interest and greed. If money ceases to be an option, people will freely share and cooperate if that’s the only way to not merely ensure survival, but to actually improve everyone’s standard of life. The security of government and military records that are encrypted online depends on people eventually realizing that we’re all invisibly and permanently connected (by Hidden Variables). Then hurting others in any manner is the same as hurting yourself and hackers would simply have no motive to hack in evil ways. Realization of our invisible/permanent interconnectedness would also be of great assistance in achieving post-economic sharing and cooperation. This invisible, permanent connection affects not just every part of space (including on Earth) but also every part of time, since physics says space and time can never be separated - giving living beings a conscious existence that continues after death and, bizarrely, before conception.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[303] viXra:1810.0404 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 22:26:33

Ball Lightning as a Hot, Highly Charged, Sphere of Air.

Authors: Chris Allen Broka
Comments: 13 Pages. The Supplementary material may be accessed by emailing the author.

An exceptionally simple model of ball lightning is proposed that describes it as a highly charged sphere of hot, conductive, air surrounded by colder air. This conductive sphere possesses a net excess of charge. This charge will create a corona discharge that will heat the surrounding air thus maintaining the temperature of the ball itself. Numerical simulations are presented which give results that would appear to agree with what many witnesses have reported. It is argued that such spheres are likely positively charged.
Category: Geophysics

[302] viXra:1810.0403 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 02:40:01

The Formulation Of Thermodynamical Path Integral

Authors: Takahiro Kajisa
Comments: 8 Pages.

In a non-equilibrium thermodynamical physics, there has been al- most no universal theory for representing the far from equilibrium sys- tems. In this work, I formulated the thermodynamical path integral from macroscopic view, using the analogy of optimal transport and large deviations to calculate the non-equilibrium indicators quantita- tively. As a result, I derived Jarzynski equality, fluctuation theorem, and second law of thermodynamics as its corollaries of this formula. In addition, the latter result implies the connection between non- equilibrium thermodynamics and Riemannian geometry via entropic flow.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[301] viXra:1810.0402 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 03:04:44

Unhackable Quantum Network

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 68 Pages.

As the number of hacks and security breaches rapidly climbs, scientists say there may be a way to make a truly unhackable network by using the laws of quantum physics. [42] This world-first nanophotonic device, just unveiled in Nature Communications, encodes more data and processes it much faster than conventional fiber optics by using a special form of 'twisted' light. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33]
Category: Quantum Physics

[300] viXra:1810.0401 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 03:09:46

Experimental Detection in Matter of the Quantum Electromagnetic Field

Authors: V.Vikulin, V. Korniienko
Comments: 8 Pages. In Russian

It is shown that any matter has the quantum electromagnetic field (QEF) which existence follows from STR Einstein. Therefore elastic deformation of matter causes indignation of her QEF in a wave mode of quantum electromagnetic energies (S-radiation). This property of matter causes that generators of power plants together with electric current develop quantum currents. On networks they come to the equipment which will transform them to high-frequency quantum fields which pollutes the environment. It makes changes to parameters of energies of elementary particles of matter of which the human body consists that has negative effect on health. Therefore it is offered to limit on the basis of standards emission of S-radiations from the world equipment.
Category: Quantum Physics

[299] viXra:1810.0400 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-25 04:25:32

Sun Neutrino Snapshot

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

Solar neutrinos stream out of the star at the center of our system at nearly the speed of light, as many as 420 billion hitting every square inch of the earth's surface per second. [18] The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector in the world has just recorded its first particle tracks, signaling the start of a new chapter in the story of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). [17] While these experiments seem miniature in comparison to others, they could reveal answers about neutrinos that have been hiding from physicists for decades. [16] In a paper published today in the European Physical Journal C, the ATLAS Collaboration reports the first high-precision measurement at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the mass of the W boson. [15] A team of researchers at the University of Michigan has conducted a thought experiment regarding the nature of a universe that could support life without the weak force. [14] The international T2K Collaboration announces a first indication that the dominance of matter over antimatter may originate from the fact that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently during those oscillations. [13] Neutrinos are a challenge to study because their interactions with matter are so rare. Particularly elusive has been what's known as coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, which occurs when a neutrino bumps off the nucleus of an atom. [12] Lately, neutrinos – the tiny, nearly massless particles that many scientists study to better understand the fundamental workings of the universe – have been posing a problem for physicists. [11] Physicists have hypothesized the existence of fundamental particles called sterile neutrinos for decades and a couple of experiments have even caught possible hints of them. However, according to new results from two major international consortia, the chances that these indications were right and that these particles actually exist are now much slimmer. [10] The MIT team studied the distribution of neutrino flavors generated in Illinois, versus those detected in Minnesota, and found that these distributions can be explained most readily by quantum phenomena: As neutrinos sped between the reactor and detector, they were statistically most likely to be in a state of superposition, with no definite flavor or identity. [9]
Category: Astrophysics

[298] viXra:1810.0398 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:05:17

Facebook as a Tool to Promote Socialization in Traditional Courses of Artificial Intelligence. Engagement Calculation Using Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers

Authors: Rebeca Escobar Jara, Maikel Leyva Vázquez, Cesar Ernesto Roldan Martínez
Comments: 13 Pages.

Objective. Social learning analytics is a subset of learning analysis as it attempts to demonstrate how new skills and ideas are not just individual achievements, but are developed, carried forward and transmitted through interaction and collaboration.
Category: General Mathematics

[297] viXra:1810.0397 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:06:49

The Neutrosofía to Treat the Uncertainty of Mental Upsets in the Third Age

Authors: Neilys González Benítez
Comments: 9 Pages.

The mental upsets are affections or psychic syndromes and conduct ales, opposed to the town of the individuals that enjoy good mental health. They are varied the causes of the mental illnesses. The biological factors are one of the more common causes. Of similar form a traumatic injury of the brain can conduct to a mental upset. The exposition of the mother during the embarrassments to virus or chemical toxics constitutes other causes, of similar form exist other factors capable of increase the risk of suffering of mental upsets, just as the use of illegal drugs or suffer a medical serious condition.
Category: General Mathematics

[296] viXra:1810.0395 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:09:58

Mapas Cogntivos Difusos Y Mapas Cogntiivos Neutrosóficos. Aplicación al Análisis Socio-Ambiental de la Cuenca Del Río Sinos

Authors: Rodolfo González Ortega, Maikel Leyva Vázquez, João Alcione Sganderla Figueiredo
Comments: 14 Pages.

The Sinos River Basin is one of the most contaminated water basin in Bra-zil which leads to tremendous efforts for its recovery through adequate integral management. The management of water quality through the analysis of the interrelations between the different factors could be difficult. In this paper, the authors present Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and Neutrosophic Cogntive Maps for a better choice of environmental management i by the Basin Management Committee of the Sino River. With this method it’s possible to use FCM/NCM to model the complex system of variables involved into the determination of water quality, according to the water quality index (WQI).
Category: General Mathematics

[295] viXra:1810.0394 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:11:20

Modelo de Recomendación Basado en Conocimiento y Números SVN

Authors: Maikel Leyva Vázquez, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 Pages.

Recommendation models are useful in the decision-making process that allow the user a set of options that are expected to meet their expectations. Recommendation models are useful in the decision-making process that offer the user a set of options that are expected to meet their SVN expectations to express linguistic terms.
Category: General Mathematics

[294] viXra:1810.0393 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:12:22

Principle of Causality in the Construction of the Media Agenda. Approach Based on Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps.

Authors: Artemio Leyva-Aguilera, Adalys Ray Hayne
Comments: 7 Pages.

In the present work it is demonstrated that the construction of the media agenda is a process whose structure does not behave in a rigid manner, whose application foundations have a dialectical character, since it assumes the eventualities of coverage which demands a content management that corresponds. Additionally, the possibilities of using neutrosophical cognitive maps in the construction of the media agenda are explored. It explores neutrosophical cognitive maps for the analysis of causality.
Category: General Mathematics

[293] viXra:1810.0392 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 06:45:55

Chip-Based Spectrometry

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

A new advance by researchers at MIT could make it possible to produce tiny spectrometers that are just as accurate and powerful but could be mass produced using standard chip-making processes. [32] Scientists from the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23]
Category: Quantum Physics

[292] viXra:1810.0391 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 07:28:29

Ferroelectric Theory Validated

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

Researchers have successfully demonstrated that hypothetical particles that were proposed by Franz Preisach in 1935 actually exist. [32] Scientists from the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23]
Category: Condensed Matter

[291] viXra:1810.0390 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 07:31:38

Question 480 :An Integral for pi

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 2 Pages.

This note presents a definite integral for pi.
Category: Number Theory

[290] viXra:1810.0389 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 07:33:43

Question 479 :Some Integrals

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 3 Pages.

This note presents some definite integrals.
Category: General Mathematics

[289] viXra:1810.0388 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 07:36:02

Question 478 :Some Integrals for Pi^3

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 5 Pages.

This note presents some integrals for pi^3.
Category: General Mathematics

[288] viXra:1810.0387 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 11:15:41

Quantum Entanglement and Multispace Conception

Authors: Ilgaitis Prūsis, Peteris Prūsis
Comments: 7pages, 5 figures

In contemporary physics space is the boundless, three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur, i.e., a large container and the force field is a part of space where force acts. In contradiction to this very basic principle of contemporary physics we here propose a new concept that space and physical force field are mutually dependent entities of the same phenomena. If the force field does not exist, then the corresponding space does not exist either. And vice verse, if space does not exist, there is no force field present. Therefore each force field is associated with a separate space, which we call eigenspace. Objects which carry several force fields form several eigenspaces, for example, an electron has gravitation eigenspace, electric eigenspace and magnetic eigenspace. Particles in one eigenspace can be entangled, while in another eigenspace they must be separated in large distances, for example, photons entangled in the electromagnetic eigenspace can be separated in the gravitation eigenspace. All eigenspaces except gravitation eigenspace are separated for direct observation. In this sense they are Einstein “hidden variables”.
Category: Classical Physics

[287] viXra:1810.0386 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-15 10:22:13

New Universe Model, Evidence and Future.

Authors: Dan Visser
Comments: 18 Pages.

In this article an overview-abstract is given about a new universe model according to a series articles by the author, wherein he describes step by step in rather easy mathematics and not affiliated to the university-world, how he came to his new cosmological model. The overview-abstract contains an amount of subjects being found important for a better understanding of his new model in addition to his former articles. His articles are hosted in the viXra-archive in the UK and free to read. The new universe model is called RTHU instead of Big Bang. The main issue is that the RTHU generates the Big Bang-universe, although at the same time the RTHU also contains a lot of other Big Bang-universes shifted relative to each other, however all generated by the RTHU. The generator is the rotation of the RTHU, which has no beginning of time, but uses duo-bits to crumble the Planck-scale. The RTHU therefore is much bigger than a single self-supporting Big Bang-universe. The total new dynamics give other insights in unsolved problems, but make it possible to understand several phenomena better than solving them just only in a single Big Bang-universe. The author pleads for physics and cosmology in the token of the RTHU. Therefore evidence is available, which has been already presented in several of his articles. Moreover it will pinpoint the future for cosmology in a better way. He describes a new perception of time and future. The author also launches a new insight, based on his new cosmological model, which not has been earlier being involved in the problems around climate-change.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[286] viXra:1810.0382 [pdf] replaced on 2020-01-01 14:44:52

The Generation of Gamma Ray Bursts by the Intermodulation of Static Magnetic Fields

Authors: Michael Harney
Comments: 9 Pages.

It is shown that by introducing two static magnetic fields into the same iron core which drives the core into its saturation region, that the non-linear response of the core inter-modulates the magnetic fields and produces gamma rays. This is consistent with the Wave Structure of Matter model which shows that a static magnetic field is a free-space wave with a Compton wavelength equal to that of the electron. The inter-modulation of these free-space waves produces sum and difference products, generating gamma rays in the energy range that is measurable by a common Geiger counter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[285] viXra:1810.0379 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 03:13:11

От ошибки Гильберта к исчислению сфер

Authors: Франц Герман
Comments: 9 Pages.

Что такое след проективной плоскости и как можно его увидеть рассказывается в этой заметке.
Category: Geometry

[284] viXra:1810.0378 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-24 04:55:14

Cosmological Redshift

Authors: Kadir Aydogdu
Comments: 8 Pages.

Based on observations, it is clear that universe expands faster than the speed of light. Traveling photons for distances more than several mega parsecs become redshifted, so that photon loses some of its energy. To explain this event, we will try to create a logic in which photons have quasi-expansion-potential to carry the wave by redshift process. We will start with studying the energy density functions and modeling the vacuum as a standing wave. Later on, we will be studying about the functions of distribution of photons produced from the black body box to compare the energy densities of vacuum and photons with the logic of heat transfer as radiation. After we have shown all the cases about black body radiation, we will try to build up a conserved function dependent to the energy density of vacuum that results Planck’s distribution. We will see that there is an expansion energy that carries the thermodynamic energy. Contrary to popular belief, this new energy has no relation with the heat or thermodynamic energy but it only gives a motion to it. We will see a logarithmic energy that forces photons to move at the speed of light. This quasi-potential must be responsible for the cosmological redshift of light because it forces photon to move at the speed of light as it changes its medium.
Category: Quantum Physics

[283] viXra:1810.0377 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 07:35:12

Algorithm Predict LED Materials

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 52 Pages.

Researchers from the University of Houston have devised a new machine learning algorithm that is efficient enough to run on a personal computer and predict the properties of more than 100,000 compounds in search of those most likely to be efficient phosphors for LED lighting. [30] Researchers from the University of Luxembourg, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society have combined machine learning and quantum mechanics to predict the dynamics and atomic interactions in molecules. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[282] viXra:1810.0376 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 08:06:06

AI and Human Creativity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

The New York Times contacted IBM Research in late September asking for our help to use AI in a clever way to create art for the coming special section on AI. [24] Granting human rights to a computer would degrade human dignity. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[281] viXra:1810.0375 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 08:33:34

Gravitational Waves on Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

Researchers from the University of Zurich have now found that LISA could also shed light on the elusive dark matter particle. [19] A NASA rocket experiment could use the Doppler effect to look for signs of dark matter in mysterious X-ray emissions from space. [18] CfA astronomers Annalisa Pillepich and Lars Hernquist and their colleagues compared gravitationally distorted Hubble images of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 and two other clusters with the results of computer simulations of dark matter haloes. [17] In a paper published July 20 in the journal Physical Review Letters, an international team of cosmologists uses data from the intergalactic medium— the vast, largely empty space between galaxies—to narrow down what dark matter could be. [16] But a new hypothesis might have gotten us closer to figuring out its identity, because physicists now suspect that dark matter has been changing forms this whole time-from ghostly particles in the Universe's biggest structures, to a strange, superfluid state at smaller scales. And we might soon have the tools to confirm it. [15] Superfluids may exist inside neutron stars, and some researchers have speculated that space-time itself may be a superfluid. So why shouldn't dark matter have a superfluid phase, too? [14] "The best result on dark matter so far—and we just got started." This is how scientists behind XENON1T, now the most sensitive dark matter experiment worldwide , commented on their first result from a short 30-day run presented today to the scientific community. [13] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. SIMPs would resolve certain discrepancies between simulations of the distribution of dark matter, like this one, and the observed properties of the galaxies. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[280] viXra:1810.0374 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 09:13:01

New Method Detecting Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

The IAC researchers Jorge Casares, and Miguel A. Pérez Torres have tested a novel technique measuring the brightness of these binary pairs with a combination of filters centred on the line of hydrogen H-alpha. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[279] viXra:1810.0373 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 09:36:02

Quantum World Bridge

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

Monika Aidelsburger uses a special type of optical lattice to simulate quantum many-body phenomena that are otherwise inaccessible to experimental exploration. [22] University of Illinois Professor Harry Hilton brought together several mathematical and physical theories to help look at problems in more unified ways and solve physical engineering problems. [21] A team of physicists from RUDN, JINR (Dubna), and the University of Hamburg (Germany) developed a mathematical model for describing physical processes in hybrid systems that consists of atoms and ions cooled down to temperatures close to absolute zero. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14]
Category: Quantum Physics

[278] viXra:1810.0372 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-16 02:35:00

Ether Theory of Everything

Authors: Aleksei Morozov
Comments: 157 Pages.

Ether Theory of Everything (aka Ether Theory) is Ether Theory of Relativity of Gravity and Magnetism, HyperAtomic Model, Ether Quantum Mechanics, Ether Cosmology, HyperAtomic Reactor, Ether Neural Network.
Category: Classical Physics

[277] viXra:1810.0371 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-16 02:32:20

Эфирная Теория Всего

Authors: Aleksei Morozov
Comments: 157 Pages. In Russian

Эфирная Теория Всего (или Эфирная Теория) - это Эфирная Теория Относительности Гравитации и Магнетизма, ГиперАтомная Модель, Эфирная Квантовая Механика, Эфирная Космология, ГиперАтомный Реактор, Эфирная Нейронная Сеть.
Category: Classical Physics

[276] viXra:1810.0368 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 14:22:06

Mathematical Paradox

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 2 Pages. -

Examples of the seeming contradictions of mathematical transformations
Category: Number Theory

[275] viXra:1810.0367 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-23 07:43:01

Conformal Scaling of the Massformula in Terms of the Flat Metric in the Black-White Plane of Psychological Profiles.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 4 Pages.

Black-white or yellow-black representing spiritual energies of living creatures automatically determine an Einsteinian spiritual mass. During $SU(2)$ valued interactions, the spiritual rest mass of a person may change due to absorption or radiative effects. We propose a general approximate formula based upon scaling covariance of the interactions for the rest mass.
Category: Mind Science

[274] viXra:1810.0366 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-24 15:58:11

Gravitational Catastrophe and Dark Matter

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 4 Pages.

I have been working for a long time about basic laws of physics. During this time I noticed, that gravity does not work as Newtonian. Distance and gravitational force relation changes over distance. The attraction properties change for each point of free space, and have some limits. The attraction changes due to some values between 1/r and 1/r^2 even for the existent furthest distance. This work aims to analyze and discuss this phenomenon.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[273] viXra:1810.0365 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-19 17:53:11

Geisteswissenschaft and Cl(16) Physics

Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
Comments: 277 Pages.

Geisteswissenschaft is the term Rudolf Steiner used for study of the Spirit World and how it relates to the Physical World described by Cl(16) - E8 - Fr3(O) - Cl(1,25) Physics of viXra 1807.0166 and 1804.0121 (called herein Cl(16) Physics) and to Human History, including the Human HIstory shown by the National Geographic Genographic project. Cl(16) Physics shows that orr Universe originated with Finkelstein Iteration of Real Clifford Algebras from the Void ( First Grothendieck Universe ) to Cl(16) ( Second Grothendieck Universe) whose BiVectors and two quarter-Spinors ( ++ and -- ) give Cl(16) Physics and whose TriVectors give Fr3(O) String Theory leading to a Cl(1,25) Algebraic Quantum Field Theory ( AQFT ) that generalizes Hyperfinite II1 von Neumann factor Fock Space from 2-Periodic Complex Clifford Algebra to 8-Periodic Real Clifford Algebra to get the Third Grothendieck Universe. Rudolf Steiner used his Geisteswissenschaft to construct the First Goetheneanum in 1913 (it was burned down by arson in 1922) with structural designs corresponding to the structure of Cl(16) Physics. He viewed History as a succession of 7 cultures which I would call (also using the chronology of Manetho): Polarea (during Octonionic Inflation) (Spirit World) - Hyperborea (Quaternionic, following Inflation) (Spirit World) - Lemuria (50,000 years ago) (Spirit and Physical Worlds) - Angkor and Rig Veda - Atlantis (40,000 years ago) (Sprit and Physical Worlds) - Pyramids and Sphinx - Era of Demigods - connection with Spirit World declines - Era of Spirits of the Dead - Spirit World is only a memory - Era of Mortal Humans - Technology dominates Spirit until 2012. Version 2 (v2) adds 45 Overview Slides as Appendix III.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[272] viXra:1810.0363 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 23:44:04

Vector Interpretive Approach to Overcome the Shortcomings and Difficulties of S/W and H/W of Ev3

Authors: Boram Han
Comments: 7 Pages. This paper is my first paper in High School life.

In many places of life today, the use of mathematics is increasing. In particular, the use of mathematics in various fields such as science, economics, and biotechnology is becoming more and more popular as the natural science advances. This paper briefly grasps the essence of vectors and matrices that play a key role in mathematics, and explains the vector approach is effective for controlling the robot through how vector-based methods are used in recognizing and solving the problems of input and output of EV3 robots. As a result of using vector analytical methods to overcome defects in hardware and software, many defects could be overcome in many areas. The result of using the concept of the vector which is able to conclude the recognized color of the color sensor with certainty was obtained satisfactory result, the program that controls the omni wheel can also overcome the hardware difficulties in a vector interpretive manner. Also, when attempting to use re-parameterization to create an unit speed curve to overcome the hardware defect of the motor, it was necessary to know the concept of the vector. Therefore, it can be said that the vector was used successfully to overcome the shortcomings and difficulties of EV3. Nonetheless, the decline of the computation function could not be avoided by the vector approach, because it was a problem that was closer to engineering and physical part rather than mathematical part. Therefore, although it was able to achieve some degree of success in overcoming the disadvantages and difficulties of EV3, it came to the conclusion that it was impossible to overcome it completely. In addition, solving problems using vectors means being more dependent on mathematics, so it relies more heavily on the computation function of EV3. Thus, if the underlying computational function of the EV3, that is, the processing speed is not improved, the vector interpretation approach will show its limitations again.
Category: General Mathematics

[271] viXra:1810.0362 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 00:08:43

Le Politique :projet Miliaire

Authors: Rachid ELAÏDI
Comments: 58 Pages.

sur le politique du monde arabe et en particulier Maroc, Algérie,Egypte
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[270] viXra:1810.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 01:45:49

AI Carry out Experiments

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

There's plenty of speculation about what artificial intelligence, or AI, will look like in the future, but researchers from The Australian National University (ANU) are already harnessing its power. [25] The New York Times contacted IBM Research in late September asking for our help to use AI in a clever way to create art for the coming special section on AI. [24] Granting human rights to a computer would degrade human dignity. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[269] viXra:1810.0360 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 04:29:41

Electronic Brain Building Blocks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

University of Groningen (UG) physicists are working on memristors made from niobium-doped strontium titanate, which mimic the function of neurons. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[268] viXra:1810.0359 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-23 05:04:19

Flipping Material State with Laser

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

Technology have demonstrated a surprisingly simple way of flipping a material from one state into another, and then back again, with single flashes of laser light. [31] Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22]
Category: Condensed Matter

[267] viXra:1810.0358 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 05:25:37

Wearable Artificial Kidney

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 72 Pages.

There just aren't enough kidney transplants available for the millions of people with renal failure. [41] Many of these products use nanomaterials, but little is known about how these modern materials and their tiny particles interact with the environment and living things. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32]
Category: Physics of Biology

[266] viXra:1810.0357 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-22 09:36:12

Can Acceleration Phase Account for the Observed Accelerating Expansion of the Universe?

Authors: Karan R.Takkhi
Comments: 3 pages

A new cosmological era began with the discovery of accelerating expansion of the Universe. The deviation of the Hubble diagram from exhibiting a linear distance-redshift relation at high redshifts provides the very crucial clue to support this discovery. In this paper I present a theory to account for the observed accelerating expansion of the Universe. I discuss that the Universe should attain a constant rate of expansion in future, given the linear distance-redshift relation being obeyed by the receding large-scale structures within the local Universe, suggesting constant recessional velocities. I compare the local Universe within which the receding large-scale structures exhibit the linear distance-redshift relation in accordance with the Hubble diagram, and the remote Universe within which the receding large-scale structures deviate from exhibiting the expected linearity. There may be a simple terminology termed by me as “acceleration phase” that would probably account for the observed acceleration, particularly for the receding large-scale structures belonging to the remote Universe that exhibit high redshifts.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[265] viXra:1810.0356 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-26 05:33:32

A First Artificial Life?

Authors: Domenico Oricchio
Comments: 2 Pages.

I try to write a simple program for an artificial life
Category: Biochemistry

[264] viXra:1810.0355 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 07:13:19

Toward Quantum Internet

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 64 Pages.

Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31]
Category: Quantum Physics

[263] viXra:1810.0354 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 07:42:25

Molecular Semiconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

A team from the Department of Micro and Nanosystems at KTH recently tested a technique to form millions of viable nanoscale molecular junctions – extremely small pairs of electrodes with a nanometer-sized gap between them, where molecules can be trapped and probed. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32]
Category: Condensed Matter

[262] viXra:1810.0353 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 07:56:51

Spintronic Graphene Heterostructures

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

Graphene Flagship researchers have shown in a paper published in Science Advances how heterostructures built from graphene and topological insulators have strong, proximity induced spin-orbit coupling which can form the basis of novel information processing technologies. [42] A team from the Department of Micro and Nanosystems at KTH recently tested a technique to form millions of viable nanoscale molecular junctions – extremely small pairs of electrodes with a nanometer-sized gap between them, where molecules can be trapped and probed. [41] Purdue University researchers created a new technique that would increase the secret bit rate 100-fold, to over 35 million photons per second. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34]
Category: Condensed Matter

[261] viXra:1810.0352 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 09:06:47

A Resolution Of The Catt Anomaly.

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 7 Pages.

The Catt anomaly - more correctly the ‘Catt Question’ - was posed by Ivor Catt since 1982. It was initially posed to two Cambridge professors in electromagnetism who gave contradictory resolutions. None provided answers to explained why two authorities gave contradictory answers. Over the years, some attempts have been made but they did not seem to have been satisfactory. As recent as 2013, two Italian professors M. Pieraccini and S. Selleri attempted yet another resolution published in the journal Physics Education. From the critique by Stephen J. Crothers, this attempt too may be unsatisfactory. The author here gives an answer to the Catt question that is based only on classical electromagnetic theory. Through investigation on the Catt question, a concomitant observation have been made that electrical interactions and electric power transfer over conducting conductors all are based on instantaneous_action_at_a_distance’.
Category: Classical Physics

[260] viXra:1810.0350 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 12:28:45

First Cryptocurrency Project Based on Strict Mathematical Rules

Authors: Linda Wiklund
Comments: 9 Pages.

First Cryptocurrency project based on strict mathematical rules
Category: Set Theory and Logic

[259] viXra:1810.0349 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-23 06:00:17

A Generalized Klein Gordon Equation with a Closed System Condition for the Dirac-Current Probability Tensor

Authors: E. P. J. de Haas
Comments: 42 Pages. Improved Lorentz transformation of the Dirac spinors.

By taking spin away from particles and putting it in the metric, thus following Dirac's vision, I start my attempt to formulate an alternative math-phys language, biquaternion based and incorporating Clifford algebra. At the Pauli level of two by two matrix representation of biquaternion space, a dual base is applied, a space-time and a spin-norm base. The chosen space-time base comprises what Synge called the minquats and in the same spirit I call their spin-norm dual the pauliquats. Relativistic mechanics, electrodynamics and quantum mechanics are analyzed using this approach, with a generalized Poynting theorem as the most interesting result. Then moving onward to the Dirac level, the M{\"o}bius doubling of the minquat/pauliquat basis allows me to formulate a generalization of the Dirac current into a Dirac probability/field tensor with connected closed system condition. This closed system condition includes the Dirac current continuity equation as its time-like part. A generalized Klein Gordon equation that includes this Dirac current probability tensor is formulated and analyzed. The usual Dirac current based Lagrangians of relativistic quantum mechanics are generalized using this Dirac probability/field tensor. The Lorentz transformation properties the generalized equation and Lagrangian is analyzed.
Category: Quantum Physics

[258] viXra:1810.0344 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 23:14:36

About Time Expansion and Length Contraction

Authors: Daehyeon KANG
Comments: 4 Pages.

Length contraction and time expansion in special theory of relativity are much confused. In this paper, we will explain it easily and clearly by Lorentz transfor mation equation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[257] viXra:1810.0343 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 23:32:02

The Observer Effect On The Observation Results (Space = Energy=mc2)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 6 Pages.

The Universe Matter is effected by Human Mind Thinking Process and the knowledge logic.
Category: Astrophysics

[256] viXra:1810.0341 [pdf] replaced on 2019-08-02 05:58:21

The Michelson-Morley Experiment and Classical Analysis of Reflection of Light From a Moving Mirror - Implications for the Lorentz Transformation Equations

Authors: Henok Tadesse
Comments: 13 Pages.

This paper presents an argument that the conventional analysis of the Michelson-Morley experiment( MMX) might be only approximately correct but not strictly accurate. Accurate classical analysis would require revision of the Lorentz-Fitzgerald length contraction formula. This new analysis may have even more far reaching consequences: if the new classical analysis requires different length contraction formulas for different experimental setups to give a null result, this would lead to absurdity of the whole concept of length contraction and Lorentz transformation. The standard ether analysis of the MMX implies a law of reflection of light from a moving mirror and this may not agree with the classical analysis. Accurate ether analysis of MMX should be based on the classical analysis of reflection of light from a moving mirror, which should be derived from fundamental classical wave principles, and not from the requirement that the Michelson-Morley experiment should give a null fringe shift.The significant divergence of the light beam has been neglected( overlooked ) in the standard analysis. The fallacy in the standard analysis is that it presumes that the transverse light will not miss the observer/detector, which is possible only if we consider the finite divergence of the beam, but ignores the beam divergence in the analysis and goes on to extraordinary conclusions ( length contraction ). Michelson's analogy of a man swimming across a river is the original fallacy.The standard relativistic explanation is that length contraction of the beam splitter will compensate for the change in angle of reflection. However, even if the length contraction formula is applied to the whole apparatus, including the beam splitter, the Michelson-Morley experiment will never give a null result because the classical analysis and its result is complicated and cannot be compensated by the simple Lorentz contraction formula. The resulting complex formula for the difference in path lengths of the longitudinal and transverse light beams may not even allow the application of length contraction concept, and modification of the simple Lorentz-Fitzgerald length contraction formula. This will invalidate the whole concept of length contraction.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[255] viXra:1810.0340 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-22 03:16:12

Challenging the Orbital Model of the Atom

Authors: David Lindsay Johnson
Comments: Pages.

The Conventional Science approach to atomic structure, as represented by the Standard Model and Quantum Physics, is based upon the orbital model for the atom: viz. a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons moving in ‘spdf’ orbitals as spinning particles and/or waves as embodied in Dirac’s wave equation. Although the orbital model has been transformed from Bohr model into its current stochastic quantum form, the orbital concept has not been seriously challenged since Thompson’s nebular and plum pudding models were put aside in deference to Rutherford’s nuclear model in the early 1900’s; and yet ever since it has underpinned the thrust of Physics research and theory. The approach taken by this paper has been to consider how concentrations of energy could combine to form quarks, nucleons and atoms. The resulting model strongly correlates the atomic structure of elements in the Periodic Table to their physical and chemical characteristics. It also provides an explanation for different allotropic forms of elements and their various bonding geometries as well as for phenomena that the orbital model fails to explain such as beta decay, electron capture, electron-positron annihilation and the ionization process during plasma formation. Peripheral topics such as EMR, electricity and Gravity are also addressed (see the appendices) to add depth to the challenge. ‘Challenging the orbital model of the atom’ is not a critique of the orbital model, highlighting its discrepancies and problems: instead it explores the possibilities of an alternative model, which, due to its energy-centric emphasis, has been dubbed ‘Energy to Matter’ (or E2M). E2M provides pragmatic, logically consistent explanations of physical phenomena and challenges the unquestioning pursuit of a problematic, complex and possibly flawed orbital model.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[254] viXra:1810.0339 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-30 17:30:36

Euler’s Wavefunction: the Double Life of 1

Authors: Jean Louis Van Belle
Comments: 13 Pages.

This paper is the 5th in a series of explorations to see if a simple physical interpretation of the quantum-mechanical wavefunction could possibly make sense. It challenges two of the usual objections to such interpretation: 1. The superposition of wavefunctions is done in the complex space and, hence, the assumption of a real-valued envelope for the wavefunction is, therefore, not acceptable. 2. The wavefunction for spin-1/2 particles cannot represent any real object because of its 720-degree symmetry in space. Real objects have the same spatial symmetry as space itself, which is 360 degrees. Hence, physical interpretations of the wavefunction are nonsensical. The heuristic arguments in this paper will, hopefully, convince the reader these objections are subject to interpretation themselves. If anything, the ideas presented in this paper might contribute to a better didactic model for teaching quantum mechanics.
Category: Quantum Physics

[253] viXra:1810.0338 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 06:49:53

Biermann Battery Effect

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 82 Pages.

The new findings reveal through computer simulations a previously unknown role for the Biermann effect that could improve understanding of reconnection—the snapping apart and violent reconnection of magnetic field lines in plasmas that gives rise to northern lights, solar flares and geomagnetic space storms that can disrupt cell-phone service and electric grids on Earth. [44] Schematic of a magnetic nozzle rf plasma thruster (helicon plasma thruster) having two open source exits and photographs of the three operation modes in the laboratory test. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[252] viXra:1810.0337 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 07:15:12

Optical Centrifuge Superrotors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

Using corkscrew-shaped laser pulses, scientists at DESY have devised a sophisticated optical centrifuge that can make molecules rotate rapidly about a desired molecular axis. [30] Neutron diffraction strain scanning measurements at ANSTO have validated a new theoretical model that successfully predicts the residual stresses and critical deposition heights for laser additive manufacturing. [29] Tensorial neutron tomography promises new insights into superconductors, battery electrodes and other energy-related materials. [28] CERN's nuclear physics facility, ISOLDE, has minted a new coin in its impressive collection of isotopes. [27] In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[251] viXra:1810.0336 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 10:46:42

Próba Określenia Miary Jakości Informacji na Gruncie Teorii Grafów dla Potrzeb Dydaktyki ### An Attempt to Determine the Measure of the Quality of Information on the Basis of Graph Theory for the Needs of Didactics

Authors: Zbigniew Osiak
Comments: Pages.

Zaproponowałem na gruncie teorii grafów miarę jakości informacji zawartej w danym komunikacie (haśle z programu nauczania) liczoną względem jego kontekstu oraz względem jego zakresu. ### I proposed, on the basis of graph theory, the measure of the quality of information contained in a given message (password from the curriculum) calculated in relation to its context and in relation to its scope.
Category: Education and Didactics

[250] viXra:1810.0335 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-29 10:43:21

Using Cantor's Diagonal Method to Show Zeta(2) is Irrational

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 10 Pages. Some reviewers pointed out an error. It's fixed. Clarifications.

We look at some of the details of Cantor's Diagonal Method and argue that the swap function given does not have to exclude 9 and 0, base 10. We also puzzle out why the convergence of the constructed number, its value, is of no concern. We next review general properties of decimals and prove the existence of an irrational number with a modified version of Cantor's diagonal method. Finally, we show, with yet another modification of the method, that Zeta(2) is irrational.
Category: Number Theory

[249] viXra:1810.0334 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 12:56:41

To Events in Kerch

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 2 Pages. -

It isn't necessary to be Sherlock Holmes to restore and completely to understand an event.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[248] viXra:1810.0333 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-23 12:19:41

Union of Two Arithmetic Sequences - Formulas for Real Progressions (3)

Authors: Waldemar Zieliński
Comments: 5 Pages.

We will derive the formulas for the N-th element of the union of two arithmetic progressions with rational and real common differences.
Category: General Mathematics

[247] viXra:1810.0324 [pdf] replaced on 2020-01-27 09:00:15

Exact and Intuitive Geometry Explanation: Why Does a Half-angle-rotation in Spin or Quaternion Space Correspond to the Whole-angle-rotation in Normal 3D Space?

Authors: Hongbing Zhang
Comments: 18 Pages.

Why does a half-angle-rotation in quaternion space or spin space correspond to a whole-angle-rotation in normal 3D space? The question is equivalent to why a half angle in the representation of SU(2) corresponds to a whole angle in the representation of SO(3). Usually we use the computation of the abstract mathematics to answer the question. But now I will give an exact and intuitive geometry-explanation on it in this paper.
Category: Geometry

[246] viXra:1810.0314 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-21 05:07:44

Nanoparticles Interact with Biological Systems

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 71 Pages.

Many of these products use nanomaterials, but little is known about how these modern materials and their tiny particles interact with the environment and living things. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32]
Category: Condensed Matter

[245] viXra:1810.0313 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 06:28:06

Arithmetic of Analysis

Authors: Fayowole David Ayadi
Comments: 3 Pages.

Abstract:I can still remember my expression and feeling when we were asked to show that sup(A + B) = sup(A) + sup(B). It was an herculean task because the concept was too difficult to grasp with the use of approximation property until I discovered an easy route. In a bid to restrict my papers to just few pages, I will focus more on examples than theorems.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[244] viXra:1810.0312 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 06:32:53

Riemann Integration On R^n

Authors: Fayowole David Ayadi, Olabiyi Tobi David, Oluwajoba Godsfavour Favour, Oluwusi Faith Tolu, Isaleye Dorcas, Olorunisola Femi Stephen
Comments: 13 Pages.

Throughout these discussions the numbers epsilon > 0 and delta > 0 should be thought of as very small numbers. The aim of this part is to provide a working definition for the integral of a bounded function f(x) on the interval [a, b]. We will see that the real number "f(x)dx" is really the limit of sums of areas of rectangles.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[243] viXra:1810.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 06:41:58

The Effect of Anxiety on Performance of Students in Mathematics

Authors: Fayowole David Ayadi
Comments: 14 Pages.

This research work ''THE EFFECT OF ANXIETY ON PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS'' focuses on the relationship between Mathematics anxiety and students performance. A descriptive experimental research design was used to investigate the research questions. The population consisted of 120 pre-service teachers at Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Ojo Local Government, Lagos State. A personal data questionnaire was used to gather demographic and anxiety information about the participants. The implication of this study of elementary teacher education programs point to increased attention on the Mathematics anxiety of pre-service teachers. This process is two folds. One, it is recommended that pre-service teachers be made aware of their Mathematics anxiety level and two, it is recommended that teacher education programs acknowledge and address the importance of these affective variable and their role in pedagogy.
Category: Education and Didactics

[242] viXra:1810.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 06:46:43

CRISPR Gene-Editing Machinery

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 26 Pages.

An ancient group of microbes that contains some of the smallest life forms on Earth also has the smallest CRISPR gene-editing machinery discovered to date. [13] ETH scientists have been able to prove that a protein structure widespread in nature – the amyloid – is theoretically capable of multiplying itself. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[241] viXra:1810.0308 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-04 22:58:32

Existence of Solutions for a Nonlinear Fractional Langevin Equations with Multi-Point Boundary Conditions on an Unbounded Domain

Authors: Zaid Laadjal
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this work, we apply the fixed point theorems, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for Langevin differential equations involving two ractional orders with multi-point boundary conditions on the half-line.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[240] viXra:1810.0307 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 15:36:07

Definition of Space (Revised)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 18 Pages.

The Space is Energy This supports the claim "There's A Relationship Between Planet Diameter And Orbital Distance" This paper discusses and tries to prove this fact
Category: Astrophysics

[239] viXra:1810.0306 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 00:35:17

Dark Matter Gives Mass to the Elementary Particles. Higgs Mechanism is Wrong

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 227 Pages. © 2014 Adrian Ferent

Dark Matter gives Mass to the elementary particles. Higgs mechanism is wrong “The Ferent mechanism: the interaction energy of gravitons emitted by Dark Matter gives mass to the elementary particles” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity, Gravitation gives mass to the elementary particles” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Quantum Gravity explains how mass mediates gravitational interaction between bodies, with Matter and Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Einstein did not understand Gravitation, he calculated Gravitation” Adrian Ferent “What you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Particles is wrong; because you learned about Particles without Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory heavier elementary particles have more Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the mass generation mechanism is caused by an internal field the Gravitational field; in Higgs mechanism, there is an external field, the Higgs field.” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Quantum Gravity theory is right, because where only few Higgs boson detected, with very short life, that is why the Higgs field is not like syrup or honey and that is why the Higgs mechanism is wrong” Adrian Ferent Higgs Boson, the so-called “God particle” is a fraud. Nobel Prize fraud: in 2013 the Nobel Prize in physics was awarded jointly to François Englert and Peter Higgs "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider." Nobel Prize in physics was a fraud because: François Englert and Peter Higgs did not discover a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles! At CERN they did not detect the Higgs boson, they detected a new particle in the mass region around 126 GeV! “The reaction of the Swedish Academy to Higgs boson discovery appears to be a result of being beguiled by CERN’s attempts to justify the billions of dollars of public money being spent.“ The same thing with LIGO, one billion of dollars of public money being spent and zero results! Another fraud was the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics, awarded for a project, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), not for a scientific discovery; they did not detect anything. In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory, LIGO is a fraud. Since they received the Nobel Prize they did not detect gravitational waves, because: “Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist, how they can detect them?” Adrian Ferent “Einstein did not understand Gravitation, he calculated Gravitation” Adrian Ferent “Gravitational waves are carried by gravitons” Adrian Ferent More money will be spent on Einstein’s wrong gravitation theory with LISA, the European Space Agency mission designed to detect the gravitational waves, tiny ripples in the fabric of space-time! “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass” Adrian Ferent “Everything what you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Dark Matter and Black Holes is wrong” Adrian Ferent In the last 100 years your professors, the greatest scientists, the journals… have made money preaching a wrong theory, Einstein’s Gravitation theory and any new theory like Ferent Quantum Gravity theory based on Gravitons is not accepted. We are in 2018, not in 1633 when Galileo was judged refusing to accept that the Earth was the immovable center of the universe. All quantum gravity theories like String theory, LQG… are wrong theories because Einstein’s Gravitation theory is wrong and are limited to speed of light. “In Ferent Quantum Gravity, Gravitation gives mass to the elementary particles” Adrian Ferent The mass generation mechanism is a theory that describes the origin of mass. The mass generation mechanism is one of the most burning problem of the modern particle physics. The problem is complex because the primary role of mass is to mediate gravitational interaction between bodies. “Ferent Quantum Gravity explains how mass mediates gravitational interaction between bodies, with Matter and Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent The elementary particles that make up matter leptons and quarks are fermions; the elementary bosons are force carriers that function as the 'glue' holding matter together. The Higgs mechanism doesn't explain the source of any masses, the Higgs mechanism is not a mechanism for generating mass. The Higgs boson does not give other particles mass; the Higgs boson is a quantized manifestation of a Higgs field that not generates mass through its interaction with other particles. Particles drag through the Higgs field by exchanging virtual Higgs particles with it. How scientists explain how elementary particles get their masses, with syrup and honey: Except for massless photons and gluons, "all elementary particles get their masses from their interactions with the [Higgs] field, kind of like being 'slowed down' by passing through a thick syrup," “The Higgs field is likened to a rich and creamy soup, or maybe a dense and heavy fog, or even a vat of thick and goopy honey… impeding the free travel of carefree electrons and quarks.” Most of the mass in particles like protons, nuclei, and atoms does not come from the Higgs mechanism, but from the binding energy that holds these particles together. The energy of the interaction between quarks and gluons is what gives protons and neutrons their mass. “Unification between Matter and Dark Matter: Adrian Ferent “The elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent That is why: “The electrons contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than electrons mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent “The Ferent mechanism: the interaction energy of gravitons emitted by Dark Matter gives mass to the elementary particles” Adrian Ferent “Because the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, Dark Matter is not detected at CERN” Adrian Ferent “What you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Particles is wrong; because you learned about Particles without Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity, Gravitation gives mass to the elementary particles” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory heavier elementary particles have more Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the mass generation mechanism is caused by an internal field the Gravitational field; in Higgs mechanism, there is an external field, the Higgs field.” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Quantum Gravity theory is right, because where only few Higgs boson detected, with very short life, that is why the Higgs field is not like syrup or honey and that is why the Higgs mechanism is wrong” Adrian Ferent “Physics is much more complicated than you learned, with Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent 121. I am the first who discovered the Ferent mechanism: the interaction energy of gravitons emitted by Dark Matter gives mass to the elementary particles 122. I am the first who discovered that Gravitation gives mass to the elementary particles 123. I am the first who explained how mass mediates gravitational interaction between bodies, with Matter and Dark Matter 124. I am the first who explained that Einstein did not understand Gravitation, he calculated Gravitation 125. I am the first who explained what you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Particles is wrong; because you learned about Particles without Dark Matter 126. I am the first who discovered that in Ferent Quantum Gravity theory heavier elementary particles have more Dark Matter 127. I am the first who explained that in Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the mass generation mechanism is caused by an internal field the Gravitational field; in Higgs mechanism, there is an external field, the Higgs field 128. I am the first who explained that Ferent Quantum Gravity theory is right, because where only few Higgs boson detected, with very short life, that is why the Higgs field is not like syrup or honey and that is why the Higgs mechanism is wrong
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[238] viXra:1810.0305 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 01:01:18

Самое сТАРое слово русского языка.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Ulija A. Krupenina
Comments: 12 Pages. dubinyansky@mail.ru

Исследованы слова русского языка с корнем Т*Р=ТАР, ТОР, ТУР, ТЮР, ТЫР. Сформулированы законы древнего словообразования.
Category: Linguistics

[237] viXra:1810.0304 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 01:11:04

The Black Hole Binary Gravitons and Thermodynamics

Authors: Miroslav Pardy
Comments: 20 Pages. Keywords: Graviton, Schwinger source theory, spectrum of H-Atom, Coulomb potential,

The energy spectrum of graviton emitted by the black hole binary is calculated in the first part of the chapter. Then, the total quantum loss of energy, is calculated in the Schwinger theory of gravity. In the next part we determine the electromagnetic shift of energy levels of H-atom electrons by calculating an electron coupling to the black hole thermal bath. Energy shift of electrons in H-atom is determined in the framework of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. In the last section we determine the velocity of sound in the black hole atmosphere, which is here considered as the black hole photon sea. Derivation is based on the thermodynamic theory of the black hole photon gas.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[236] viXra:1810.0302 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 04:10:30

Interactions in Molecules Using AI

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 50 Pages.

Researchers from the University of Luxembourg, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society have combined machine learning and quantum mechanics to predict the dynamics and atomic interactions in molecules. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20] It's man vs machine this week as Google's artificial intelligence programme AlphaGo faces the world's top-ranked Go player in a contest expected to end in another victory for rapid advances in AI. [19]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[235] viXra:1810.0301 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 04:39:59

Ultracold Trapped Atoms

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

Now NIST scientists have designed a vacuum gauge that is small enough to deploy in commonly used vacuum chambers. [35] A novel technique that nudges single atoms to switch places within an atomically thin material could bring scientists another step closer to realizing theoretical physicist Richard Feynman's vision of building tiny machines from the atom up. [34] One of the most enduring "Holy Grail" experiments in science has been attempts to directly observe atomic motions during structural changes. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24]
Category: Quantum Physics

[234] viXra:1810.0300 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-14 01:38:54

A Topological Transformation of Quantum Dynamics

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 26 Pages. This paper has been published in Journal of Modern Physics

In this work we discuss the topological transformation of quantum dynamics by showing the wave dynamics of a quantum particle on different types of topological structures in various dimensions from the fundamental polygons of the corresponding universal covering spaces. This is not the view from different perspectives of an observer who simply uses different coordinate systems to describe the same physical phenomenon but rather possible geometric and topological structures that quantum particles are endowed with when they are identified with differentiable manifolds that are embedded or immersed in Euclidean spaces of higher dimension. We present our discussions in the form of Bohr model in one, two and three dimensions using linear wave equations. In one dimension, the fundamental polygon is an interval and the universal covering space is the straight line and in this case the standing wave on a finite string is transformed into the standing wave on a circle which can be applied into the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom. In two dimensions, the fundamental polygon is a square and the universal covering space is the plane and in this case the standing wave on the square is transformed into the standing wave on different surfaces that can be formed by gluing opposite sides of the square, which include a 2-sphere, a 2-torus, a Klein bottle and a projective plane. In three dimensions, the fundamental polygon is a cube and the universal covering space is the three-dimensional Euclidean space. It is shown that a 3-torus and the manifold K×S^1 defined as the product of a Klein bottle and a circle can be constructed by gluing opposite faces of a cube therefore in three-dimensions the standing wave on a cube is transformed into the standing wave on a 3-torus or on the manifold K×S^1. We also suggest that the mathematical degeneracy may play an important role in quantum dynamics and be associated with the concept of wavefunction collapse in quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[233] viXra:1810.0299 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-20 05:05:17

Merging Mathematical and Physical Models

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

University of Illinois Professor Harry Hilton brought together several mathematical and physical theories to help look at problems in more unified ways and solve physical engineering problems. [21] A team of physicists from RUDN, JINR (Dubna), and the University of Hamburg (Germany) developed a mathematical model for describing physical processes in hybrid systems that consists of atoms and ions cooled down to temperatures close to absolute zero. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14]
Category: Classical Physics

[232] viXra:1810.0298 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 06:24:43

Quantum Metalanguage and the New Cognitive Synthesis

Authors: Alexey V. Melkikh, Andrei Khrennikov, Roman V. Yampolskiy
Comments: 64 Pages.

Problems with mechanisms of thinking and cognition in many ways remain unresolved. Why are a priori inferences possible? Why can a human understand but a computer cannot? It has been shown that when creating new concepts, generalization is contradictory in the sense that to be created concepts must exist a priori, and therefore, they are not new. The process of knowledge acquisition is also contradictory, as it inevitably involves recognition, which can be realized only when there is an a priori standard. Known approaches of the framework of artificial intelligence (in particular, Bayesian) do not determine the origins of knowledge, as these approaches are effective only when “good” hypotheses are made. The formation of “good” hypotheses must occur a priori. To address these issues and paradoxes, a fundamentally new approach to problems of cognition that is based on completely innate behavioral programs is proposed. The process of cognition within the framework of the concept of a quantum metalanguage involves the selection of adequate a priori existing (innate) programs (logical variables and rules for working with them) that are most adequate to a given situation. The quantum properties of this metalanguage are necessary to implement such programs.
Category: Mind Science

[231] viXra:1810.0297 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 07:19:48

Speed Up Electrons in Semiconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 78 Pages.

Researchers from the Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) have sped up the movement of electrons in organic semiconductor films by two to three orders of magnitude. [45] Targeting applications like neural networks for machine learning, a new discovery out of the University of Alberta and Quantum Silicon Inc. in Edmonton, Canada is paving the way for atomic ultra-efficient electronics, the need for which is increasingly critical in our data-driven society. [44] By studying materials down to the atomic level, researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have found a way to make catalysts more efficient and environmentally friendly. [43] Scientists have discovered new particles that could lie at the heart of a future technological revolution based on photonic circuitry, leading to superfast, light-based computing. [42] Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37]
Category: Condensed Matter

[230] viXra:1810.0296 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 08:33:53

Bose-Einstein Condensate in Space

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 26 Pages.

An international team of researchers has successfully produced a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in space for the first time. [15] Researchers at UCM and CSS have encountered a partial violation of the second law of thermodynamics in a quantum system known as Hofstadter lattice. [13] Any understanding of the irreversibility of the arrow of time should account the quantum nature of the world that surrounds us. [12] Entropy, the measure of disorder in a physical system, is something that physicists understand well when systems are at equilibrium, meaning there's no external force throwing things out of kilter. But new research by Brown University physicists takes the idea of entropy out of its equilibrium comfort zone. [11] Could scientists use the Second Law of Thermodynamics on your chewing muscles to work out when you are going to die? According to research published in the International Journal of Exergy, the level of entropy, or thermodynamic disorder, in the chewing muscles in your jaw increases with each mouthful. This entropy begins to accumulate from the moment you're "on solids" until your last meal, but measuring it at any given point in your life could be used to estimate life expectancy. [10] There is also connection between statistical physics and evolutionary biology, since the arrow of time is working in the biological evolution also. From the standpoint of physics, there is one essential difference between living things and inanimate clumps of carbon atoms: The former tend to be much better at capturing energy from their environment and dissipating that energy as heat. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Astrophysics

[229] viXra:1810.0295 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 09:47:40

К вопросу о представлении дельта-функции Дирака

Authors: Франц Герман
Comments: Pages.

В данной заметке мы покажем представление дельта-функции Дирака, которое будем назвать естественным. Существующие способы представления дельта-функции Дирака носят в общем-то искусственный характер.
Category: Geometry

[228] viXra:1810.0294 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 10:09:44

Limit on Electric Dipole Moment

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

The most precise measurement yet of the electron's electric dipole moment (EDM) casts doubt on " split supersymmetry " and some other theories of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. [21] In a new study, researchers at Northwestern, Harvard and Yale universities examined the shape of an electron's charge with unprecedented precision to confirm that it is perfectly spherical. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12]
Category: Quantum Physics

[227] viXra:1810.0293 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 10:32:42

Accelerator Cavity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 83 Pages.

Particle accelerators are made of structures called cavities, which impart energy to the particle beam, kicking it forward. [45] As an alternative cost-cutting option to accelerate particles more efficiently, the wakefield accelerator has been suggested. Physicists send a beam of either electrons, protons, or a laser through a plasma. [44] A KAIST research team successfully identified the underlying principles behind electron heating, which is one of the most important phenomena in plasmas. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[226] viXra:1810.0291 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 19:51:58

Gravity Differential And Applications Essay /The Potential of Water Cycle Management

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 7 Pages.

Earth is a complex structure of different densities baked in the rotisserie of the Sun. It alters the densities or air, water, and ground. And, gravity is our natural home energy. Working with the centrifugal force of spiraling Earth, it drives the circulations of particle, gas, liquid, and matter in a spherical force field of Earth. Mimicking nature’s circulations of water and energy will benefit all lives greatly. It could be easier than we think.
Category: Climate Research

[225] viXra:1810.0289 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 01:18:11

An Information Theoretic Formulation of Game Theory, I

Authors: Christopher Goddard
Comments: 10 Pages.

Within this paper, I combine ideas from information theory, topology and game theory, to develop a framework for the determination of optimal strategies within iterated cooperative games of incomplete information.
Category: Topology

[224] viXra:1810.0287 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 03:56:04

High-Temperature Single-Molecule Magnet

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

A team of scientists led by Professor Richard Layfield at the University of Sussex has published breakthrough research in molecule-based magnetic information storage materials. [34] Just like their biological counterparts, hardware that mimics the neural circuitry of the brain requires building blocks that can adjust how they synapse, with some connections strengthening at the expense of others. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24]
Category: Quantum Physics

[223] viXra:1810.0286 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 04:14:42

Tiny Magnet Within a Single Atom

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 52 Pages.

In an international collaboration with IBM Research, the University of Oxford and the International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, QNS scientists used advanced and novel techniques to measure the nuclear spin of individual atoms on surfaces for the first time. [35] A team of scientists led by Professor Richard Layfield at the University of Sussex has published breakthrough research in molecule-based magnetic information storage materials. [34] Just like their biological counterparts, hardware that mimics the neural circuitry of the brain requires building blocks that can adjust how they synapse, with some connections strengthening at the expense of others. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25]
Category: Quantum Physics

[222] viXra:1810.0285 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 05:07:44

Extra Cold Superconducting

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

Measuring the properties of superconducting materials in magnetic fields at close to absolute zero temperatures is difficult, but necessary to understand their quantum properties. [35] Scientists from Russia, China and the United States predicted and have now experimentally identified new uranium hydrides, predicting superconductivity for some of them. [34] Russian physicists from MIPT teamed up with foreign colleagues for a groundbreaking experimental study of a material that possesses both superconducting and ferromagnetic properties. [33] An international group of scientists, including a researcher from Skoltech, has completed an experimental and theoretical study into the properties displayed by strongly disordered superconductors at very low temperatures. [32] The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[221] viXra:1810.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-19 05:30:40

Big Problem of Small Data

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 76 Pages.

Big Data is all the rage today, but Small Data matters too! Drawing reliable conclusions from small datasets, like those from clinical trials for rare diseases or in studies of endangered species, remains one of the trickiest obstacles in statistics. [46] A new computational approach that allows the identification of molecular alterations associated with prognosis and resistance to therapy of different types of cancer was developed by the research group led by Nuno Barbosa Morais at Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes (iMM; Portugal). [45] A discovery by scientists at UC Riverside may open up new ways to control steroid hormone-mediated processes, including growth and development in insects, and sexual maturation, immunity, and cancer progression in humans. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37]
Category: Physics of Biology

[220] viXra:1810.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 05:53:48

Smoothing using Geodesic Averages

Authors: Jan Hakenberg
Comments: 10 Pages.

Geodesic averages have been used to generalize curve subdivision and Bézier curves to Riemannian manifolds and Lie groups. We show that geodesic averages are suitable to perform smoothing of sequences of data in nonlinear spaces. In applications that produce temporal uniformly sampled manifold data, the smoothing removes high-frequency components from the signal. As a consequence, discrete differences computed from the smoothed sequence are more regular. Our method is therefore a simpler alternative to the extended Kalman filter. We apply the smoothing technique to noisy localization estimates of mobile robots.
Category: Geometry

[219] viXra:1810.0282 [pdf] replaced on 2019-09-02 14:40:44

Search for New Numbers

Authors: Vyacheslav Telnin
Comments: 114 Pages. A5

The birth of numbers from natural numbers to complex numbers was studied in this paper. The law of the construction new numbers on the basis of already known ones is found. On its basis there were built ?-numbers, “the fourth numbers" and “the fifth numbers”. You can buy the paper book “SEARCH FOR NEW NUMBERS” by Vyacheslav Telnin on - http://www.lulu.com/shop/vyacheslav-telnin/search-for-new-numbers/paperback/product-24146130.html
Category: Number Theory

[218] viXra:1810.0281 [pdf] replaced on 2019-12-21 04:22:19

What is the Spin of the Particles?

Authors: Michael Tzoumpas
Comments: 4 Pages.

According to the unified theory of dynamic space it is described the first (Universal) and the second (local) space deformation, which change the geometric structure of the isotropic space. These geometric deformations created the dynamic space, the Universe, and the space holes (bubbles of empty space), the early form of matter. The neutron cortex is structured around these space holes with the electrically opposite elementary units (in short: units) at the light speed. So, an electrical and geometric deformation of the neutron cortex occurs, as the third space deformation, resulting in the creation of surface electric charges (quarks), to which the particles spin is due. Additionally, the "paradox" magnetic dipole moment of neutron is interpreted.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[217] viXra:1810.0280 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 07:07:21

Simulating the Early Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

The Big Bang has captured our imagination like no other theory in science: the magnificent, explosive birth of our Universe. [26] Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, and their colleagues from the international ALICE collaboration recently collided xenon nuclei in the superconducting Large Hadron Collider in order to gain new insights into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). [25] On October 16, 2017, an international group of astronomers and physicists excitedly reported the first simultaneous detection of light and gravitational waves from the same source—a merger of two neutron stars. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16]
Category: Astrophysics

[216] viXra:1810.0279 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 07:51:59

The Shape of a Wormhole

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 29 Pages.

A RUDN physicist demonstrated how to describe the shape of any symmetrical wormhole—a black hole that theoretically can be a kind of a portal between any two points in space and time—based on its wave spectrum. [22] RUDN astrophysicists have suggested an approach to simplify calculations of observable effects in the vicinity of black holes to which the mathematical apparatus of Einstein's classic relativity theory does not apply. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[215] viXra:1810.0278 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 11:01:29

Magnetic Black Hole Activity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

SOFIA data indicate that magnetic fields are trapping and confining dust near the center of the active galaxy, Cygnus A, and feeding material onto the supermassive black hole at its center. [23] A RUDN physicist demonstrated how to describe the shape of any symmetrical wormhole—a black hole that theoretically can be a kind of a portal between any two points in space and time—based on its wave spectrum. [22] RUDN astrophysicists have suggested an approach to simplify calculations of observable effects in the vicinity of black holes to which the mathematical apparatus of Einstein's classic relativity theory does not apply. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13]
Category: Astrophysics

[214] viXra:1810.0277 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 11:21:23

Acrylic Dark Matter Detection

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

Scientists have a new window into the search for dark matter – an acrylic vessel that features a grouping of 12-foot-tall transparent tanks with 1-inch-thick walls. [20] Fermilab scientists are harnessing quantum technology in the search for dark matter. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[213] viXra:1810.0276 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 11:45:34

Cellular Stress Defense

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 76 Pages.

Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones that bind to unfolded proteins to prevent protein aggregation and defend against cellular stress. [46] Biologists know a lot about how life works, but they are still figuring out the big questions of why life exists, why it takes various shapes and sizes, and how life is able to amazingly adapt to fill every nook and cranny on Earth. [45] A team of physicists has devised a novel strategy that uses naturally occurring motions inside the human cell nucleus to measure the physical properties of the nucleus and its components. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36]
Category: Physics of Biology

[212] viXra:1810.0275 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 11:49:34

Matter and Its Origin

Authors: Louis Rancourt
Comments: 66 Pages. refer to paper Further Experiments Demonstrating the Effect of Light on Gravitation

Following experimental results of the effect of light on gravity, a possible explanation of this effect and on matter itself.
Category: Classical Physics

[211] viXra:1810.0274 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-09 19:32:17

Universe is a Solid Elastic Continuum.

Authors: Alexander I.Dubinyansky, Pavel A. Churlyaev.
Comments: 244 Pages. dubinyansky@mail.ru

Abstract. The universe is a solid elastic continuum - gukuum. This continuum does not contain any numerical parameters or constraints. All visible and invisible objects of the universe, from large to small, are wave objects in this continuum. All the wave objects in the gukuum are described by the letter specification of the elasticity parameters of the solid body and the three-dimensional wave equation. The nonlinearity that exists in the universe is explained by the law of "winding the linear solution on itself." As a result of such winding, or layering, the linear solution becomes non-linear and creates the entire variety of the material world.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[210] viXra:1810.0273 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 14:22:40

A Brief Study on Applying the Situational Teaching Approach into English Classes for Rural Primary Students. Author M. Simiyu

Authors: Simiyu M.
Comments: 62 Pages.

ABSTRACT Students in rural primary schools have had the privilege of learning English in the recent years. However, the credibility and efficiency of instructors who teach the subject has been questioned since the teaching employs the “grant and accept” mode. This method of teaching limits the capacity of students to actively interact amongst themselves and with the teacher hence inefficiency. This paper exploits this loop and categorically analyses the situational teaching practice, which is a more efficient method of teaching that has been approved by the new curriculum, as a potential seal. This paper therefore focuses on pedagogy in English teaching with a special focus on primary students in rural areas. The aim of the study is to analyze how situational teaching can impact on student on student learning with the intent of recommending it as a better approach. The article provides conceptual and theoretical frameworks as a background to depict the problem in rural schools and to analyze the research variables. The researcher uses situated cognition and learning theory, constructivism teaching theory, multiple intelligence theory. This ensures research reliability while validity is ensured through the researcher’s use of questionnaire, tests and interview as research tools. Students and teachers in both schools that use situational teaching approach were used as the research sample in representation of rural schools which is the research population. Information obtained from the tools is used to describe the current situation of learning English in rural schools. Research findings include both the pros and cons of situational teaching and this paper analyzes and summarizes the problems that face the application of situational teaching method in rural primary school English teaching, and analyzes the reasons for the existence of the problem. The paper provides recommendations to alleviate existing problems by providing corresponding improvement measures that will make situational teaching more applicable, reliable and efficient as a method of teaching English in rural primary schools. The researcher projects that with application of the recommendations there will be better quality of rural primary school English teaching which will prop up the professional development of primary school English teachers in rural areas. Keywords: situational teaching; situated cognition theory; rural primary schools;
Category: Linguistics

[209] viXra:1810.0269 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-18 20:32:07

Head-On Colliding Plasma Fusion - A Proposed Workable Hydrogen Fusion Generator

Authors: Timothy J Walshaw
Comments: 16 Pages. I am just replacing the last words in the abstract '...or as a weapon.' These words will upset many people, and the device was not devized as a weapon.

Abstract This paper describes a novel method of achieving practical hydrogen fusion. What is proposed is that two plasma streams of hydrogen having a high density and a large cross-section are fired at each other, head-on, at a high speed. At a certain point, nuclear fusion will occur. The design of this device allows extraction and utilisation of the heat produced. When protons collide at a sufficient velocity, with the required high plasma density and large plasma cross-section, some of the protons fuse into helium nuclei, generating heat. If the plasma density and cross-section are large enough, the required velocity can be relatively low and is technically feasible. The so-called Lawson Criterion describes this trade-off. The Maxwell-Boltzmann tail effect combined with the Quantum Mechanical tunnelling effect reduces the required velocity further to an achievable level. These plasma streams are accelerated to high relative velocities by a novel plasma acceleration device, also described in this article. This device also allows the stream of plasma to have a high enough density and cross-section, so that the required relative velocity of the plasma can be relatively low. The device consists of two plasma accelerators firing plasma at each other. Each of the accelerators consist of a tube surrounded by a large number of individual electro-magnetic coils, each connected to a power supply. The electro-magnetic field of each coil is varied so that a magnetic ‘pocket’ is created. Each pocket holds a packet of plasma. The magnetic fields of the coils are varied so that each pocket is accelerated up the tube to a high velocity, carrying the packet of plasma with it. These packets of plasma are ejected out of the tubes and fired head-on at each other. If these plasma packets are of sufficiently high relative velocity, density and cross-section, hydrogen fusion will occur. Plasma fusion can be generated continuously using this device. The heat generated can be utilised by injecting water into the location where fusion occurs, and the resultant steam generated can be used to generate electricity. A single plasma accelerator can be used to accelerate plasma to a high velocity for a variety of purposes such as propelling a space ship.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[208] viXra:1810.0268 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 05:03:29

Study Supports Standard Model

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

In a new study, researchers at Northwestern, Harvard and Yale universities examined the shape of an electron's charge with unprecedented precision to confirm that it is perfectly spherical. [20] Recently, extensive study shows that the parity-time symmetry breaking in open systems leads to exceptional points, promising for novel applications leasers and sensing. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[207] viXra:1810.0267 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-18 05:07:57

3 Cs, 3 Ps, and 3 Rs; 3 Sets of 3

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 5 Pages.

a guide to good parenting, effective team management and efficient project management
Category: Social Science

[206] viXra:1810.0266 [pdf] replaced on 2020-05-12 13:52:52

Tides_in_the_proposed_explanation

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 12 Pages. -

Sea or ocean tides in the Earth's daily cycle are considered to be caused by the forceful attraction of the Moon and the Sun.
Category: Classical Physics

[205] viXra:1810.0265 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 06:53:47

Early Universe was Fluid

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, and their colleagues from the international ALICE collaboration recently collided xenon nuclei in the superconducting Large Hadron Collider in order to gain new insights into the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). [25] On October 16, 2017, an international group of astronomers and physicists excitedly reported the first simultaneous detection of light and gravitational waves from the same source—a merger of two neutron stars. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16]
Category: Astrophysics

[204] viXra:1810.0264 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 07:26:33

Elliptically Polarized Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

Scientists at TU Wien, the University of Innsbruck and the ÖAW have for the first time demonstrated a wave effect that can lead to measurement errors in the optical position estimation of objects. [34] One of the most enduring "Holy Grail" experiments in science has been attempts to directly observe atomic motions during structural changes. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24] What is the relationship of consciousness to the neurological activity of the brain? Does the brain behave differently when a person is fully conscious, when they are asleep, or when they are undergoing an epileptic seizure? [23]
Category: Quantum Physics

[203] viXra:1810.0263 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 07:43:15

Semistable Holomorphic Bundles Over Compact bi-Hermitian Manifolds

Authors: Pan Zhang
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper, by using Uhlenbeck-Yau's continuity method, we prove that the existence of approximation $\alpha$-Hermitian-Einstein strusture and the $\alpha$-semi-stability on $I_{\pm}$-holomorphic bundles over compact bi-Hermitian manifolds are equivalent.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[202] viXra:1810.0262 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 08:00:20

Complete Micro-physics Unifying Copenhagen QM and EPR: Non-connected Space Embedding

Authors: Bowen Liu
Comments: 14 Pages.

We unexpectedly show that complete micro-physics unifying Copenhagen QM and EPR (that restores to micro-matter causality and locality) is possible. There are two ways to unify physics: the Standard Model approach is that mathematics first and experimental foundation second, the priority of matter evolution over anything; our approach is that experimental foundation first and mathematics second, the priority of space evolution over matter evolution. Our work gives a brand new approach in the field of unified physics. First, similar to Turing’s modeling of computation, we model the spatial process of quantum experiments; give the barest essentials of the space process (as a necessary condition for unified physics): the micro-to-current space process does not have the exchangeability of observers. Second, the revolutionary concepts produced by space process modeling forces us to introduce a new geometry model: non-connected space embedding. Namely, 3-dimensional micro-space is embedded in the 3-dimensional current space in a non-connected way, and the embedding produces a mapping from microscopic space to current space and makes the complete microscopic form into an incomplete quantum form described in terms of state space. In this way, the unification of Copenhagen QM and EPR can be achieved. Space embedding, which has a more reliable experimental basis than the Standard Model, overturns the traditional space theory.
Category: Quantum Physics

[201] viXra:1810.0261 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 09:15:25

The Hidden Physics of Human Progress and Poverty

Authors: Stephen I. Ternyik
Comments: 1 Page.

The hidden physics of human progress and poverty is explained.
Category: Economics and Finance

[200] viXra:1810.0259 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 12:33:12

Memristor on Atomic Scale

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

Just like their biological counterparts, hardware that mimics the neural circuitry of the brain requires building blocks that can adjust how they synapse, with some connections strengthening at the expense of others. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24]
Category: Quantum Physics

[199] viXra:1810.0258 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 13:06:58

Reservoir Neural Network Application

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

As artificial intelligence has become increasingly sophisticated, it has inspired renewed efforts to develop computers whose physical architecture mimics the human brain. [34] Just like their biological counterparts, hardware that mimics the neural circuitry of the brain requires building blocks that can adjust how they synapse, with some connections strengthening at the expense of others. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24] What is the relationship of consciousness to the neurological activity of the brain? Does the brain behave differently when a person is fully conscious, when they are asleep, or when they are undergoing an epileptic seizure? [23]
Category: Quantum Physics

[198] viXra:1810.0257 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 13:16:25

CMBR as Brownian Motion

Authors: David E. Fuller
Comments: 2 Pages.

Brownian Motion = Kinematic Planck Viscosity The Brownian Motion Relation is D= (R*T/(NA6πηa)) = (Kb*T) /(6πηa) Brownian Motion Related to Planck Density & Friedmann Density
Category: Quantum Physics

[197] viXra:1810.0255 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 17:40:35

Construction of the Sequence of Prime Numbers

Authors: Zeolla Gabriel Martín
Comments: 3 Pages.

This paper develops the construction of the Golden Pattern for different prime divisors, the discovery of patterns towards infinity. The discovery of infinite harmony represented in fractal numbers and patterns. These patterns form the sequence of prime numbers.
Category: Number Theory

[196] viXra:1810.0254 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 19:09:05

Energy Of Light And Radius of Electron

Authors: Eric Su
Comments: 3 Pages. All comments are welcome. Please include your email address and a short list of publication.

Based on conservation law of energy, Poynting vector describes the power per unit area in electromagnetic wave. The time-averaged power per unit area is independent of the wavelength and the frequency of the wave. One example is FM radio signal. In photoelectric effect, the incident light wave transfers energy to the electron. Light wave of higher frequency takes longer time to transfer more energy to the electron. The total energy absorbed by the electron is proportional to the area facing the incident light. From this area, the radius of the electron can be calculated.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[195] viXra:1810.0252 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 03:10:27

Dark Matter Quantum Technology

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Fermilab scientists are harnessing quantum technology in the search for dark matter. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[194] viXra:1810.0251 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-19 10:04:08

An Introduction to Generally Covariant Quantum Theory.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 11 Pages.

An eleven page introduction to some of my results over the last three years in an original jacket.
Category: Quantum Physics

[193] viXra:1810.0249 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 04:19:11

Uranium Hydride Superconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 22 Pages.

Scientists from Russia, China and the United States predicted and have now experimentally identified new uranium hydrides, predicting superconductivity for some of them. [34] Russian physicists from MIPT teamed up with foreign colleagues for a groundbreaking experimental study of a material that possesses both superconducting and ferromagnetic properties. [33] An international group of scientists, including a researcher from Skoltech, has completed an experimental and theoretical study into the properties displayed by strongly disordered superconductors at very low temperatures. [32] The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[192] viXra:1810.0248 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-17 04:39:43

Proteins Wear Clothes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

One way we might actually prove our biological complexity is to look at the number of different proteins that our bodies can produce for building all our different types of cells and the other things they need. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13]
Category: Physics of Biology

[191] viXra:1810.0246 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 07:27:43

Quantum Computers with Machine Learning

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

But researchers at Purdue University are working on a solution, combining quantum algorithms with classical computing on small-scale quantum computers to speed up database accessibility. [23] Researchers at the University of Twente, working with colleagues at the Technical Universities of Delft and Eindhoven, have successfully developed a new and interesting building block. [22] Researchers at the Institut d'Optique Graduate School at the CNRS and Université Paris-Saclay in France have used a laser-based technique to rearrange cold atoms one-by-one into fully ordered 3D patterns. [21] Reduced entropy in a three-dimensional lattice of super-cooled, laser-trapped atoms could help speed progress toward creating quantum computers. [20] Under certain conditions, an atom can cause other atoms to emit a flash of light. At TU Wien (Vienna), this quantum effect has now been measured. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[190] viXra:1810.0245 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 07:46:43

AI of Single Molecules in Cells

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

A research team centered at Osaka University, in collaboration with RIKEN, has developed a system that can overcome these difficulties by automatically searching for, focusing on, imaging, and tracking single molecules within living cells. [24] But researchers at Purdue University are working on a solution, combining quantum algorithms with classical computing on small-scale quantum computers to speed up database accessibility. [23] Researchers at the University of Twente, working with colleagues at the Technical Universities of Delft and Eindhoven, have successfully developed a new and interesting building block. [22] Researchers at the Institut d'Optique Graduate School at the CNRS and Université Paris-Saclay in France have used a laser-based technique to rearrange cold atoms one-by-one into fully ordered 3D patterns. [21] Reduced entropy in a three-dimensional lattice of super-cooled, laser-trapped atoms could help speed progress toward creating quantum computers. [20] Under certain conditions, an atom can cause other atoms to emit a flash of light. At TU Wien (Vienna), this quantum effect has now been measured. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17] In 1993, physicist Lucien Hardy proposed an experiment showing that there is a small probability (around 6-9%) of observing a particle and its antiparticle interacting with each other without annihilating—something that is impossible in classical physics. [16]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[189] viXra:1810.0244 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 08:32:42

Acceleration of Electron in Plasma Waves

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 82 Pages.

As an alternative cost-cutting option to accelerate particles more efficiently, the wakefield accelerator has been suggested. Physicists send a beam of either electrons, protons, or a laser through a plasma. [44] A KAIST research team successfully identified the underlying principles behind electron heating, which is one of the most important phenomena in plasmas. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[188] viXra:1810.0243 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 10:03:13

Analog Information AI System

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

A NIMS research group has invented an ionic device, termed an ionic decision-maker, capable of quickly making its own decisions based on previous experience using changes in ionic/molecular concentrations. [25] A research team centered at Osaka University, in collaboration with RIKEN, has developed a system that can overcome these difficulties by automatically searching for, focusing on, imaging, and tracking single molecules within living cells. [24] But researchers at Purdue University are working on a solution, combining quantum algorithms with classical computing on small-scale quantum computers to speed up database accessibility. [23] Researchers at the University of Twente, working with colleagues at the Technical Universities of Delft and Eindhoven, have successfully developed a new and interesting building block. [22] Researchers at the Institut d'Optique Graduate School at the CNRS and Université Paris-Saclay in France have used a laser-based technique to rearrange cold atoms one-by-one into fully ordered 3D patterns. [21] Reduced entropy in a three-dimensional lattice of super-cooled, laser-trapped atoms could help speed progress toward creating quantum computers. [20] Under certain conditions, an atom can cause other atoms to emit a flash of light. At TU Wien (Vienna), this quantum effect has now been measured. [19] A recent discovery by William & Mary and University of Michigan researchers transforms our understanding of one of the most important laws of modern physics. [18] Now, a team of physicists from The University of Queensland and the NÉEL Institute has shown that, as far as quantum physics is concerned, the chicken and the egg can both come first. [17]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[187] viXra:1810.0242 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 10:36:56

Material Phase Change by Laser

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

Now, a team of researchers has observed that when they trigger a phase change by using intense pulses of laser light, instead of by changing the temperature, the process occurs very differently. [30] A team of researchers from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) and the University of Potsdam has investigated heat transport in a model system comprising nanometre-thin metallic and magnetic layers. [29] A new uncertainty relation, linking the precision with which temperature can be measured and quantum mechanics, has been discovered at the University of Exeter. [28] Physicists have demonstrated that energy quantization can improve the efficiency of a single-atom heat engine to exceed the performance of its classical counterpart. [27] A solid can serve as a medium for heat and sound wave interactions just like a fluid does for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators-resulting in leak-free machines that can stay operating longer. [26] Like watchmakers choosing superior materials to build a fine timepiece, physicists at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore have singled out an atom that could allow them to build better atomic clocks. [25] Yale physicists have uncovered hints of a time crystal—a form of matter that "ticks" when exposed to an electromagnetic pulse—in the last place they expected: a crystal you might find in a child's toy. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21]
Category: Condensed Matter

[186] viXra:1810.0239 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 15:35:12

Schizophrenia and Similar Disease-Rich Zone: Research in the Goto Region

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 20 Pages.

The islands in the western end of Nagasaki (hereinafter referred to as Goto region) facing Goto Islands and Goto Islands in Nagasaki prefecture are the most frequent areas of schizophrenia and similar diseases. Based on my experience, it is estimated to be ten times the national average. It may be because it is a closed special environment of the island why it is. However, there are no reports that islands throughout Japan are highly frequent areas of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Because the Goto region is a closed environment, the psychiatric examination rate is extremely low. To a lesser extent, we will not visit a psychiatrist in this area (Goto region) unless it becomes severe. Moreover, it seems that there are very many cases of onset and severe disease coming out from here (Goto region). In addition, the case is only the fact that the birth place of the ancestor of the case such as the hometown itself, the case itself, the parent of the case, the grandparent of the case, or the great-grandparent of the case is the Goto region, and living in the Goto region Do not mean. It is also thought that some virus, spirochete, or something else is involved. The Goto region is a highly prevalent region of retrovirus ATLV (adult T-cell leukemia virus). However, there are several other regions in Japan where ATLV (adult T - cell leukemia virus) is spreading at a high rate like the Goto region. There is no report that schizophrenia is frequent in those areas. It is inevitable to think that many genes that cause schizophrenia and similar diseases inserted in the gene by retrovirus are excreted in the Goto area.
Category: Mind Science

[185] viXra:1810.0236 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-22 15:48:03

Epstein-Barr Virus is the Cause Rheumatoid Arthritis

Authors: Ilija Barukčić
Comments: Comments: 20 Pages. Published by: Romanian journal of rheumatology, 27 (4), (2018), 148-163. https://rjr.com.ro/

Aim: Many studies presented some evidence that EBV might play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Still, there are conflicting reports concerning the existence of EBV in the synovial tissue of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. This systematic review assesses the causal relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for gaining a better understanding of the pathogenesis of RA. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis is provided aimed to answer among other questions the following question. Is there a cause effect relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis? The method of the conditio sine qua non relationship was used to proof the hypothesis without Epstein-Barr virus no rheumatoid arthritis. In other words, if rheumatoid arthritis is present, then Epstein-Barr virus is present too. The mathematical formula of the causal relationship k was used to proof the hypothesis, whether there is a cause effect relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis. Significance was indicated by a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The studies analysed were able to provide convincing evidence that Epstein-Barr virus is a necessary condition (a conditio sine qua non) of rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, the studies analysed provide impressive evidence of a cause-effect relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: EBV infection of human synovial tissues is a condition sine qua non, a condition per quam and a conditio sine qua non and conditio per quam of rheumatoid arthritis. In other words, Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of rheumatoid arthritis.
Category: Statistics

[184] viXra:1810.0235 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 04:12:20

S.soundararajan Attended Hon'ble Vice President's Educational Functions

Authors: S. Soundararajan
Comments: 13 Pages. NA

On 10th October, 2018, Hon'ble Vice President of India attended an educational function at Pollachi. Sivasamy Soundararajan attented that function.
Category: Social Science

[183] viXra:1810.0234 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 04:18:15

Atomic Electronic Simulator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 77 Pages.

Targeting applications like neural networks for machine learning, a new discovery out of the University of Alberta and Quantum Silicon Inc. in Edmonton, Canada is paving the way for atomic ultra-efficient electronics, the need for which is increasingly critical in our data-driven society. [44] By studying materials down to the atomic level, researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have found a way to make catalysts more efficient and environmentally friendly. [43] Scientists have discovered new particles that could lie at the heart of a future technological revolution based on photonic circuitry, leading to superfast, light-based computing. [42] Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36]
Category: Condensed Matter

[182] viXra:1810.0233 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 04:56:23

Light and Gravitational Wave Source

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 27 Pages.

On October 16, 2017, an international group of astronomers and physicists excitedly reported the first simultaneous detection of light and gravitational waves from the same source—a merger of two neutron stars. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14]
Category: Astrophysics

[181] viXra:1810.0232 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-16 05:30:58

Dislocation Avalanches in Metals

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 79 Pages.

While researchers have studied individual dislocations in the past, a team from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the University of Tennessee, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory has made it possible to understand how dislocations organize and react at nanoscale. [45] Targeting applications like neural networks for machine learning, a new discovery out of the University of Alberta and Quantum Silicon Inc. in Edmonton, Canada is paving the way for atomic ultra-efficient electronics, the need for which is increasingly critical in our data-driven society. [44] By studying materials down to the atomic level, researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have found a way to make catalysts more efficient and environmentally friendly. [43] Scientists have discovered new particles that could lie at the heart of a future technological revolution based on photonic circuitry, leading to superfast, light-based computing. [42] Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40]
Category: Condensed Matter

[180] viXra:1810.0231 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 07:02:15

Gapless Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 69 Pages.

When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30]
Category: Condensed Matter

[179] viXra:1810.0230 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 07:21:01

Nanoscale High-Powered Microscopes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 71 Pages.

Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31]
Category: Condensed Matter

[178] viXra:1810.0229 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 07:48:08

Cornell Dot Antibodies

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 73 Pages.

Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32]
Category: Condensed Matter

[177] viXra:1810.0228 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 08:13:54

Half-Light Half-Matter Particles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 74 Pages.

Scientists have discovered new particles that could lie at the heart of a future technological revolution based on photonic circuitry, leading to superfast, light-based computing. [42] Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33]
Category: Condensed Matter

[176] viXra:1810.0227 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 09:18:20

Third Edition: Complex Programming

Authors: Yuly Shipilevsky
Comments: 9 Pages.

We introduce and suggest to research a special class of optimization problems, wherein an objective function is a real-valued complex variables function and constraints comprising complex-valued complex variables functions
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[175] viXra:1810.0226 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 09:18:04

Catalyst at the Atomic Level

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 75 Pages.

By studying materials down to the atomic level, researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have found a way to make catalysts more efficient and environmentally friendly. [43] Scientists have discovered new particles that could lie at the heart of a future technological revolution based on photonic circuitry, leading to superfast, light-based computing. [42] Antibody-based imaging of a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer is undergoing clinical trials worldwide, but the path from trial to application is being hampered by a major obstacle: safety. [41] Researchers from Japan have taken a step toward faster and more advanced electronics by developing a a better way to measure and manipulate conductive materials through scanning tunneling microscopy. [40] When chemists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw were starting work on a new material designed for the efficient production of nanocrystalline zinc oxide, they didn't expect any surprises. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34]
Category: Condensed Matter

[174] viXra:1810.0225 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 09:49:03

Dinosaurs in 3 to 5 Bar Atmospheric Pressure

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages. follow up to Mr. Levenspiel's paper

It was reasoned by another scientist that Earth’s atmosphere was probably around 3-5 Bar in thickness during the dinosaur age. This is in line with the atmospheric thinning principle of stellar metamorphosis. The thickness of stars’ atmospheres diminishes as the star evolves, therefore the dinosaurs lived in any atmospheric density greater than what it is now. In Mr. Levenspiel’s paper it is reasoned they probably lived in an atmosphere that was 3-5 times thicker than what it is now. As well, the further you go back in time to even before the dinosaurs, the atmosphere becomes thicker and thicker. This means that the atmosphere the dinosaurs lived in was thinned considerably from even earlier stages of stellar evolution, when Earth did not host life as we know it.
Category: Astrophysics

[173] viXra:1810.0224 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 11:09:36

Finishing Touches Applied to MHCE8S Universe Theory

Authors: George R. briggs
Comments: 2 Pages. The key number 155 appears on ViXra 1810.0155, Alexey V. Melkikh, Ural Fed. Univ.,Yekaterinburg, Russia

Abstract: 3 new finishing touches to Majoranic Holographic Cyclic E8 Symmetric universe theory are described which essentially complete the theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[172] viXra:1810.0223 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-23 16:14:29

On the Convergence Speed of Tetration

Authors: Marco Ripà
Comments: 4 Pages.

In 2011, in his book “La strana coda della serie n^n^...^n", M. Ripà analyzed some properties involving the rightmost figures of integer tetration, the iterated exponentiation a^^b, characterized by an increasing number of stable digits for any base a > 1. A few conjectures arose about how many new stable digits are generated by any unitary increment of the hyperexponent b, and Ripà indicated this value as V(a) or “convergence speed” of a. In fact, when b is large enough, V(a) seems to not depend from b, taking on a (strictly positive) unique value, and many observations supported this claim. Moreover, we claim that V(a) = 1 for any a(mod 25) congruent to {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21, 22, 23} and V(a)>=2 otherwise.
Category: Number Theory

[171] viXra:1810.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-15 03:35:19

Economic Systems Behavior

Authors: Stephen I Ternyik
Comments: 3 Pages.

Analogy table of the economy, thermodynamics and portfolio.
Category: Economics and Finance

[170] viXra:1810.0221 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 05:33:44

Piracy of Sports Broadcasting

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

Piracy poses an existential problem for broadcast rights holders but there are no signs that live sport is losing its glittering allure, according to Eleven Sports chief executive Marc Watson. [42] The Pentagon on Friday said there has been a cyber breach of Defense Department travel records that compromised the personal information and credit card data of U.S. military and civilian personnel. [41] Quantum secure direct communication transmits secret information directly without encryption. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[169] viXra:1810.0220 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 06:53:31

Novel Topological Insulator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

For the first time, physicists have built a unique topological insulator in which optical and electronic excitations hybridize and flow together. [24] Topological effects, such as those found in crystals whose surfaces conduct electricity while their bulk does not, have been an exciting topic of physics research in recent years and were the subject of the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics. [23] A new technique developed by MIT researchers reveals the inner details of photonic crystals, synthetic materials whose exotic optical properties are the subject of widespread research. [22] In experiments at SLAC, intense laser light (red) shining through a magnesium oxide crystal excited the outermost " valence " electrons of oxygen atoms deep inside it. [21] LCLS works like an extraordinary strobe light: Its ultrabright X-rays take snapshots of materials with atomic resolution and capture motions as fast as a few femtoseconds, or millionths of a billionth of a second. For comparison, one femtosecond is to a second what seven minutes is to the age of the universe. [20] A 'nonlinear' effect that seemingly turns materials transparent is seen for the first time in X-rays at SLAC's LCLS. [19] Leiden physicists have manipulated light with large artificial atoms, so-called quantum dots. Before, this has only been accomplished with actual atoms. It is an important step toward light-based quantum technology. [18] In a tiny quantum prison, electrons behave quite differently as compared to their counterparts in free space. They can only occupy discrete energy levels, much like the electrons in an atom-for this reason, such electron prisons are often called "artificial atoms". [17] When two atoms are placed in a small chamber enclosed by mirrors, they can simultaneously absorb a single photon. [16] Optical quantum technologies are based on the interactions of atoms and photons at the single-particle level, and so require sources of single photons that are highly indistinguishable – that is, as identical as possible. Current single-photon sources using semiconductor quantum dots inserted into photonic structures produce photons that are ultrabright but have limited indistinguishability due to charge noise, which results in a fluctuating electric field. [14]
Category: Condensed Matter

[168] viXra:1810.0219 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 10:26:57

Technische Anwendungen Zur Umwandlung Der Rotationsenergie Der Erde in Elektrische Energie in Theorie Und Praxis 4

Authors: Robert Stach
Comments: 20 Pages.

Aufgezeigt werden Möglichkeiten zur Umwandlung der Rotationsenergie der Erde in elektrische Energie. Es wird der Bezug dieser Anlagen zum Michelson- Experiment verdeutlicht, ebenso die sich daraus ergebenen Veränderungen für das 2. Postulat (Konstanz der Lichtgeschwindigkeit). Aufbauend auf den dargelegten physikalischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten erfolgt zum Ende des Manuskriptes die Einordnung der elektromagnetischen Strahlung in die bisherigen Theorien zur Dunklen Energie.
Category: Astrophysics

[167] viXra:1810.0214 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 16:43:03

Weak Force and Weak Charge in Granular Spacetime

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 8 Pages.

The standard model predicts a weak charge of SM prediction, Q p w(SM) = 0.0710 ± 0.0007. This value, SM prediction, Q p w(SM) = 0.0710 ± 0.0007, is the ratio of the weak charge to elementary charge. This paper shows that granular spacetime equations show a ratio of weak charge to elementary charge of .071776±.000001 We also show that the ratio of weak charge and elementary charge are simply the square root of the mass of the neutron to the mass of two times the z boson.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[166] viXra:1810.0213 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-24 20:46:11

Time, Life and the Emotive Source

Authors: Stephen P. Smith
Comments: 18 Pages.

A Panpsychism, or neo-vitalism, is presented having to do with the penetration of time in living organism. Time is described having bifurcated or polarized into two windows: one that looks forward in time and follows a chain of determinism, and one that looks backward in time to frequencies and past habits. The emotive source is described as a singularity, the timeless middle-term holding the two windows together. This view is related to the laws of physics, the second law of thermodynamics, genetics and epigenetic switches. Warm-body quantum mechanics is implicated broadly, and in particular with the creation of adaptive mutations that are coxed by epigenetic cues.
Category: Physics of Biology

[165] viXra:1810.0208 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-14 05:01:35

Atlantis as the Underworld

Authors: Leon Elshout
Comments: 1 Page.

Atlantis was mirrored from Endtimes Babylon to the horizon in the west. This horizon connected the earth with the underworld. Atlantis had no human kings, which means that it was both the underworld and Plato's Cave. The real question is: which underworld? My book on Atlantis as Endtimes Babylon: roodgoudvanparvaim.nl (aurichalcum2018 at protonmail.com)
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[164] viXra:1810.0207 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 06:36:37

A Beyond the Standard Model Solution using a Two-Step Integrated Physics/Mathematics Methodology

Authors: Antonio A. Colella
Comments: 24 Pages.

Two astrophysics issue resolution methodologies are: the prevailing Hawking et. al. single primarily mathematics step and a two-step integrated physics/mathematics consisting of a conceptual physics step followed by an equally important mathematics step. The prevailing single step provided most if not all of the spectacularly successful astrophysics achievements over the last century. However, it provided near zero results for multiple interrelated theories such as a beyond the Standard Model (BSM) and a Theory of Everything (TOE) solution. The prevailing single primarily mathematics step and the two-step integrated physics/mathematics methodologies are complementary and essential for future astrophysics achievements. The Standard Model (SM) consists of 16 matter and force particles: six quark matter particles (up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom); six lepton matter particles (electron, muon, tau, electron-neutrino, muon-neutrino, and tau-neutrino); and four force particles (photon, W/Z’s, gluon, and Higgs). Although the SM is the gold standard of particle physics, it is inadequate because it: does not emphasize Higgs particles’ supremacy; does not differentiate between more important permanent and less important transient particles; defines only a single Higgs force; does not include the graviton; and does not include dark matter, dark energy, supersymmetry (SUSY), and super supersymmetry (SSUSY) of Higgs particles. Via amplification of four independent theories (superstring, particle creation, Higgs forces or bosons, and spontaneous symmetry breaking), the SM was amplified to Fig. 7 Fundamental SM/supersymmetric/super supersymmetric matter and force particles. The latter contained a total of 64 fundamental matter and force particles of which 22 were permanent and 42 transient. Figure 7 resolved all SM inadequacies and was a conceptual physics BSM solution.
Category: Astrophysics

[163] viXra:1810.0206 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 06:59:07

Physics Fudge Factors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 53 Pages.

Science is poised to take a "quantum leap" as more mysteries of how atoms behave and interact with each other are unlocked. [35] A novel technique that nudges single atoms to switch places within an atomically thin material could bring scientists another step closer to realizing theoretical physicist Richard Feynman's vision of building tiny machines from the atom up. [34] One of the most enduring "Holy Grail" experiments in science has been attempts to directly observe atomic motions during structural changes. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30]
Category: Quantum Physics

[162] viXra:1810.0205 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 08:57:12

Finding Gluon Inside the Pion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 84 Pages.

Researchers from NC State University have determined the probability of finding a gluon inside the pion. [44] An international joint research group led by Osaka University demonstrated that it was possible to efficiently heat plasma by focusing a relativistic electron beam (REB) accelerated by a high-intensity, short-pulse laser with the application of a magnetic field of 600 tesla (T), about 600 times greater than the magnetic energy of a neodymium magnet (the strongest permanent magnet). [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[161] viXra:1810.0204 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 09:46:45

Constant Heat Heat Result Effect on Time

Authors: Adham Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Comments: 1 Page.

This paper uses the law, heat=constant vibration*time And so the new law is time=universal heat/constant vibration Time passing is decreased by vibrating more and increased by vibrating less by the universal heat and is increased by increasing heat while the vibration is constant and decreased by decreasing the heat while the vibration is constant
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[160] viXra:1810.0203 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 10:27:45

Ferromagnetic Superconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Russian physicists from MIPT teamed up with foreign colleagues for a groundbreaking experimental study of a material that possesses both superconducting and ferromagnetic properties. [33] An international group of scientists, including a researcher from Skoltech, has completed an experimental and theoretical study into the properties displayed by strongly disordered superconductors at very low temperatures. [32] The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[159] viXra:1810.0202 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 10:53:50

Nanoscale Spin-Wave Circuits

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

Information processing technologies that are typically based on electron charges can also theoretically make use of the electric spin. [21] University of Groningen physicists in collaboration with a theoretical physics group from Universität Regensburg have built an optimized bilayer graphene device that displays both long spin lifetimes and electrically controllable spin-lifetime anisotropy. [20]) coupled graphene, a monolayer form of carbon, with thin layers of magnetic materials like cobalt and nickel to produce exotic behavior in electrons that could be useful for next-generation computing applications. [19] Particles can exchange their spin, and in this way spin currents can be formed in a material. [18] Researchers have shown that certain superconductors—materials that carry electrical current with zero resistance at very low temperatures—can also carry currents of 'spin'. [17] The first known superconductor in which spin-3/2 quasiparticles form Cooper pairs has been created by physicists in the US and New Zealand. [16] Now a team of researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) Department of Physics together with collaborators has seen exotic superconductivity that relies on highly unusual electron interactions. [15] A group of researchers from institutions in Korea and the United States has determined how to employ a type of electron microscopy to cause regions within an iron-based superconductor to flip between superconducting and non-superconducting states. [14] In new research, scientists at the University of Minnesota used a first-of-its-kind device to demonstrate a way to control the direction of the photocurrent without deploying an electric voltage. [13] Brown University researchers have demonstrated for the first time a method of substantially changing the spatial coherence of light. [12] Researchers at the University of Central Florida have generated what is being deemed the fastest light pulse ever developed. [11]
Category: Condensed Matter

[158] viXra:1810.0201 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 11:18:57

Self-Healing Ion Gels

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

This new class of material has promising potential for building flexible electronic devices. [22] Information processing technologies that are typically based on electron charges can also theoretically make use of the electric spin. [21] University of Groningen physicists in collaboration with a theoretical physics group from Universität Regensburg have built an optimized bilayer graphene device that displays both long spin lifetimes and electrically controllable spin-lifetime anisotropy. [20]) coupled graphene, a monolayer form of carbon, with thin layers of magnetic materials like cobalt and nickel to produce exotic behavior in electrons that could be useful for next-generation computing applications. [19] Particles can exchange their spin, and in this way spin currents can be formed in a material. [18] Researchers have shown that certain superconductors—materials that carry electrical current with zero resistance at very low temperatures—can also carry currents of 'spin'. [17] The first known superconductor in which spin-3/2 quasiparticles form Cooper pairs has been created by physicists in the US and New Zealand. [16] Now a team of researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) Department of Physics together with collaborators has seen exotic superconductivity that relies on highly unusual electron interactions. [15] A group of researchers from institutions in Korea and the United States has determined how to employ a type of electron microscopy to cause regions within an iron-based superconductor to flip between superconducting and non-superconducting states. [14] In new research, scientists at the University of Minnesota used a first-of-its-kind device to demonstrate a way to control the direction of the photocurrent without deploying an electric voltage. [13] Brown University researchers have demonstrated for the first time a method of substantially changing the spatial coherence of light. [12]
Category: Condensed Matter

[157] viXra:1810.0200 [pdf] replaced on 2019-12-28 01:46:09

A Case of Complaining of Nasal Smell and Being Diagnosed as Self-Odor Fear in Case Nasal Mucosal Insufficiency Syndrome (a New Concept of Bad Smell)

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 13 Pages.

A case of complaining of nasal smell and self-odor fear is shown as a case of psychiatrist referral received from otolaryngology. The case actually had a strong nasal odor. Otorhinolaryngology does not deny the malodorous diseases such as atrophic rhinitis and bronchitis. Many people suffer from the same pathology when looking over the net. Almost everything complains about abnormal dryness of the nose. It is thought that Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa abnormally proliferates in the ruined intranasal nasal mucosa and fails to sweep the metabolic products of the bacteria to the throat etc due to failure of nasal secretion and has a strong nasal odor It was done. In addition, Staphylococcus lugdunensis that produces substances to prevent the growth of Staphylococcus aureus was not considered to be present. Although the frequency of this disease is high, it is diagnosed as self-odor fear in neglect or psychiatry. I call it nasal mucosal insufficiency syndrome. This is a new concept of odor nasal disease. There is no crust formation and atrophy of the intranasal nasal cavity, because the nasal mucous membrane disappears only with the endoscope, it is thought that it is a serious disease which is hidden behind veil of atrophic rhinitis / bad nasal symptoms and is not noticed . At least for women, it can be said that all self-odor fears are merged.
Category: Mind Science

[156] viXra:1810.0199 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 15:23:41

A Generalized Klein Gordon Equation with a Closed System Condition for the Dirac-Current Probability/field Tensor

Authors: E.P.J. de Haas
Comments: 70 Pages.

I begin with a short historical analysis of the problem of the electron from Lorentz to Dirac. It is my opinion that this problem has been quasi frozen in time because it has always been formulated within the paradigm of the Minkowski-Laue consensus, the relativistic version of the Maxwell-Lorentz theory. By taking spin away from particles and putting it in the metric, thus following Dirac's vision, I start my attempt to formulate an alternative math-phys language. In the created non-commutative math-phys environment, biquaternion and Clifford algebra related, I formulate an alternative for the Minkowski-Laue consensus. This math-phys environment allows me to formulate a generalization of the Dirac current into a Dirac probability/field tensor with connected closed system condition. This closed system condition includes the Dirac current continuity equation as its time-like part. A generalized Klein Gordon equation that includes this Dirac current probability tensor is formulated and analyzed. The Standard Model's Dirac current based Lagrangians are generalized using this Dirac probability/field tensor. The Lorentz invariance or covariance of the generalized equations and Lagrangians is proven. It is indicated that the Dirac probability/field tensor and its closed system condition closes the gap with General Relativity quite a bit.
Category: Quantum Physics

[155] viXra:1810.0198 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 15:51:57

Definition of Space

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 12 Pages.

The Space is Energy This fact can be proved directly by Earth Jupiter Distance Analysis (627 million km) That means the matter and distance are created from Energy regardless their different forms (The sun rays is different from the oil but both are energy) This fact supports the main idea in my research that: The solar group is a trajectory of Energy and each planet is a point on this trajectory.
Category: Astrophysics

[154] viXra:1810.0197 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 17:56:39

Proof of P = NP

Authors: Young TAB-LO
Comments: 1 Page.

N/A
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[153] viXra:1810.0194 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 02:33:25

Cardio-Mental Health

Authors: Stephen I. Ternyik
Comments: 20 Pages.

Salutogenesis in Application
Category: Mind Science

[152] viXra:1810.0192 [pdf] replaced on 2020-07-06 06:26:42

Action Without the Opposing Action. Magical Physics of A.a.grishaev

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 8 Pages. -

Is considered criticism by A.A. Grishayev of the Law of universal gravitation and its experimental check. Groundlessness of its put-forward claims is shown. The translation of this article from Russian into English is enclosed.
Category: Classical Physics

[151] viXra:1810.0191 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 04:15:09

Toxic Proteins Through the Brain

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Now, researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology and colleagues have modeled how these toxic proteins spread throughout the brain to reproduce the telltale patterns of atrophy associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14]
Category: Mind Science

[150] viXra:1810.0190 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 04:25:12

Alzheimer Spread Through the Brain

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

Alzheimer Spread Through the Brain For the first time, scientists have developed a computer simulation of how clumps of defective proteins in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's spread through the brain, much of the time in stealth mode, over as long as 30 years. [24] Now, researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology and colleagues have modeled how these toxic proteins spread throughout the brain to reproduce the telltale patterns of atrophy associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15]
Category: Mind Science

[149] viXra:1810.0189 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-13 04:56:51

Cyber Breach of Travel Records

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 64 Pages.

The Pentagon on Friday said there has been a cyber breach of Defense Department travel records that compromised the personal information and credit card data of U.S. military and civilian personnel. [41] Quantum secure direct communication transmits secret information directly without encryption. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32]
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[148] viXra:1810.0188 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 07:01:28

Gravitational Wave Data Transfer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

RUDN mathematicians analyzed the properties of gravitational waves in a generalized affine-metrical space (an algebraic construction operating on the notions of a vector and a point) similarly to the properties of electromagnetic waves in Minkowski space-time. [19] A group of scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute (NBI) at the University of Copenhagen will soon start developing a new line of technical equipment in order to dramatically improve gravitational wave detectors. [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[147] viXra:1810.0187 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 07:19:13

Quantum Communication Without Encryption

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 63 Pages.

Quantum secure direct communication transmits secret information directly without encryption. [40] Physicists at The City College of New York have used atomically thin two-dimensional materials to realize an array of quantum emitters operating at room temperature that can be integrated into next generation quantum communication systems. [39] Research in the quantum optics lab of Prof. Barak Dayan in the Weizmann Institute of Science may be bringing the development of such computers one step closer by providing the "quantum gates" that are required for communication within and between such quantum computers. [38] Calculations of a quantum system's behavior can spiral out of control when they involve more than a handful of particles. [37] Researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill have reached a new milestone on the way to optical computing, or the use of light instead of electricity for computing. [36] The key technical novelty of this work is the creation of semantic embeddings out of structured event data. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31]
Category: Quantum Physics

[146] viXra:1810.0186 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 08:57:08

Is a Very Limited Supply Of Tokens A Good Or Bad Thing?

Authors: John Smith
Comments: 6 Pages.

basic economics
Category: General Mathematics

[145] viXra:1810.0185 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 08:58:09

Correction of the First Law of Motion of Newtonian Mechanics

Authors: Wei Fan
Comments: 2 Pages.

From the proposal of law of inertia to the present, we have never doubted its correctness. In fact, inertia exists objectively, while Galileo and Newton's definition of inertia is wrong. Therefore, I made a correction here.
Category: Classical Physics

[144] viXra:1810.0184 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 10:26:03

Magnetic Fields in Various Directions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

But for fast things like biomagnetic fields produced by firing neurons, we need to do better than that, or we might miss out on some information." [14] U.S. Army-funded researchers at Brandeis University have discovered a process for engineering next-generation soft materials with embedded chemical networks that mimic the behavior of neural tissue. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[143] viXra:1810.0183 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 10:55:05

Tiny Antenna for Your Health

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 27 Pages.

Lin said the antenna he is developing could eventually be used in a chip implanted in a patient's brain to help treat disorders such as depression or severe migraines. [15] But for fast things like biomagnetic fields produced by firing neurons, we need to do better than that, or we might miss out on some information." [14] U.S. Army-funded researchers at Brandeis University have discovered a process for engineering next-generation soft materials with embedded chemical networks that mimic the behavior of neural tissue. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[142] viXra:1810.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-14 15:11:08

The Task of the Panrelativistic Discrete Wave Mechanics

Authors: I. M. Saharov, G. I. Saharov
Comments: 17 Pages.

The paper presents a mathematical study of sub-nuclear particles (nucleons) by a singular mathematical structure, which is a unique compatibility of singular integers with their binding functions, demonstrating the connection of the transcendent and integer, continuous and discrete. The four-dimensional space-time was tested to find the original effective unit, the coefficients of the dominant angles and the main singular number. Representation of a particle as a spatial wave objects (rotating waves) made it possible to find geometric and numeric expressions to their relative mass in units of electron mass with a precision within the limits of the uncertainty principle. Submitted to the consideration of the law effective wave of the relationships governing the stability of subnuclear particles. An approximate expression of the ratio of the magnetic moments of nucleons in vector form based on the ratio of the functions of dominant angles is shown.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[141] viXra:1810.0180 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 22:47:01

Martian Geometry 2

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 33 Pages.

A shows these walled structures , in them the pale areas may be a degrading floor . Some of these objects may also have been furniture made of stone or cement . B shows more of these that may be degraded or buried . C at 2 o’clock shows a long very straight wall extending to the right. C at 4 o’clock shows more structures between the walls like furniture . The rooms at D show many small objects in the walls, these may also be from a collapsed roof . The rooms around E, F, and G may be partially buried like at B.
Category: Archaeology

[140] viXra:1810.0179 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 22:55:03

Martian Geometry 3

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 33 Pages.

Hypothesis Similar to the rooms and walls in Cymmeria , the only example of this in Protonilus . A shows some rooms and perhaps an interior support if there was once a roof on this. B shows more rooms, all are around the same size. C at 7 o’clock may contain rooms, at 8 o’clock there may be ceiling material still covering some of them. D may also be ceiling mater ial , at 6 o’clock more rooms are exposed.
Category: Archaeology

[139] viXra:1810.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 22:58:27

Martian Geometry 4

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 33 Pages.

Argd1458a Hypothesis Two parabolas are s hown, closeups of parts of this image follow. It appears to show a complex irrigation system . The parabolic dam at B seems to have a pipe coming out of it at 12 o’clock, it also has vertical groo ves on the sides at 1 o’clock like pillars . The pipe goes down to 8 o’clock connecting to a second pipe off to its left and down to E. B at 4 o’clock is another pipe. C shows another parabolic dam , D at 2 o’clock is probably a parabolic arch .
Category: Archaeology

[138] viXra:1810.0177 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 23:03:30

Martian Geometry 5

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 33 Pages.

Prhh1818 Hypothesis A shows a road coming out of the hill at 10 and 12 o’clock, another road more eroded at 4 o’clock. B shows two roads , one going into a hollow hill at 4 o’clock. C shows two road intersections , one bordering a hollow hill at 1 o’clock, and another with a smaller hill at 4 o’clock. D shows a road going into a hill from a fork at 5 to 4 o’clock. E shows a road connecting to the edge of a hollow hill at 8 o’clock.
Category: Archaeology

[137] viXra:1810.0176 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-11 23:06:43

Martian Geometry 6

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 33 Pages.

Ecydt2122c Hypothesis A and B show how the dam wall is degrading , A at 8 o’cl ock is in good condition, at 5 and 7 o’clock the cement edge of the dam wall has been undermined perhaps from water overflows in the past. B shows a double wall from 2 to 7 o’clock as if the central dam wall has eroded away or fallen off. The wall may have been full of gravel with an inner and outer skin of cement , when the top breaks then the gravel would fall out leaving a hollow . At 7 and 8 o’clock first and second legs there is an undermining of the wall .
Category: Archaeology

[136] viXra:1810.0175 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 02:45:55

New Abelian Groups for Primes of Type 4K-1 and 4K+1.

Authors: Anna Povazanova, Ivo Povazan
Comments: 13 Pages.

p is prime.The article describes the new Abelian groups of type p=4k+1 and p = 4k-1, for which a theorem similar to the Fermat's little theorem applies. The multiplicative group (Z/pZ)* in some sense similar to the Abelian group of type p = 4k+1. Abelian group of type p = 4k-1 is a different structure compared to group (Z/pZ)*. This fact is used for the primality test of integer N = 4k-1. The primality test was veried up to N = 2^(64).
Category: Number Theory

[135] viXra:1810.0173 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-12 04:51:39

Topological Anderson Insulator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Topological insulators (TIs) host exotic physics that could shed new light on the fundamental laws of nature. [25] A new study by scientists from the University of Bristol brings us a significant step closer to unleashing the revolutionary potential of quantum computing by harnessing silicon fabrication technology to build complex on-chip quantum optical circuits. [24] Two teams of scientists from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have collaborated to conduct groundbreaking research leading to the development of a new and innovative scientific field: Quantum Metamaterials. [23] An international team consisting of Russian and German scientists has made a breakthrough in the creation of seemingly impossible materials. They have created the world's first quantum metamaterial that can be used as a control element in superconducting electrical circuits. [22] ETH physicists have developed a silicon wafer that behaves like a topological insulator when stimulated using ultrasound. They have thereby succeeded in turning an abstract theoretical concept into a macroscopic product. [21] Cheng Chin, professor in the Department of Physics, and his team looked at an experimental setup of tens of thousands of atoms cooled down to near absolute zero. As the system crossed a quantum phase transition, they measured its behavior with an extremely sensitive imaging system. [20] Scientists from three UK universities are to test one of the fundamental laws of physics as part of a major Europe-wide project awarded more than £3m in funding. ]19] A team of researchers has devised a simple way to tune a hallmark quantum effect in graphene—the material formed from a single layer of carbon atoms—by bathing it in light. [18] Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[134] viXra:1810.0172 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 11:20:06

Cargo Cult Science – Electromagnetic Wave Fundamentals

Authors: Frank H. Makinson
Comments: 11 Pages.

Electromagnetic fundamentals are being tagged herein as cargo cult science because they are based upon incomplete information. The scientific community assumes it has a correct grasp of electromagnetic fundamentals even though Maxwell, Hertz and contemporary scientists have not identified some of the basic characteristics of the electromagnetic wave phenomenon. Maxwell did not know of the existence of electrons when he developed his equations describing the characteristics of electromagnetic waves, but he was aware of the existence of charged particles and action at a distance. An error made early in the study of electromagnetic waves, and ignored to this day, has compromised scientists understanding of electromagnetic characteristics and other physical laws.
Category: Classical Physics

[133] viXra:1810.0171 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-14 11:00:59

The Seiberg-Witten Equations for Vector Fields

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

By similarity with the Seiberg-Witten equations, we propose two differential equations, depending of a spinor and a vector field, instead of a connection. Good moduli spaces are espected as a consequence of commutativity.
Category: Geometry

[132] viXra:1810.0170 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 15:15:29

Existence of Solutions for Langevin Differential Equations Involving Two Fractional Orders on the Half-Line

Authors: Zaid Laadjal
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this paper, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for Langevin differential equations of Riemman-Liouville fractional derivative with boundary value conditions on the half-line. By a classical fixed point theorems, several new existence results of solutions are obtained.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[131] viXra:1810.0169 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 15:21:57

Existence of Solutions for Fractional Langevin Equations with Boundary Conditions on an Infinite Interval

Authors: Zaid Laadjal
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the following fractional Langevin equations with boundary conditions $$\left\{\begin{array}{l}D^{\alpha}( D^{\beta}+\lambda)u(t)=f(t,u(t)),\text{ \ \ \ }t\in(0,+\infty),\\ \\u(0)=D^{\beta}u(0)=0,\\ \\ \underset{t\rightarrow+\infty}{\lim}D^{\alpha-1}u(t)=\underset{t\rightarrow+\infty}{\lim}D^{\alpha +\beta-1}u(t)=au(\xi),\end{array}\right.$$ where $1<\alpha \leq2$ and$\ 0<\beta \leq1,$ such that $1<\alpha +\beta \leq2,$ with $\ a,b\in\mathbb{R},$ $\xi \in\mathbb{R}^{+},$\ and $D^{\alpha}$, $D^{\beta }$ are the Riemman-Liouville fractional derivative. Some new results are obtained by applying standard fixed point theorems.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[130] viXra:1810.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 15:28:53

Existence of Solutions for a Class of Nonlinear Fractional Langevin Equations with Boundary Conditions on the Half-Line

Authors: Zaid Laadjal
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this work, we use the fixed point theorems, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of fractional Langevin equations with boundary value conditions on an infinite interval.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[129] viXra:1810.0166 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 21:19:29

Trivial Inconsistency Of Special Relativity's Light Postulate.

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 3 Pages. English; with Chinese translation.

Einstein made use of the concept of speed, a concept that is defined to be non-invariant under Galilean transformation, in a postulate to postulate a speed - the speed of light - to be invariant for all inertial reference frames. This is a direct trivial logical inconsistency within Newtonian mechanics which needs no further discussion and deliberation. As such, special relativity is a theory that is mutually independent from Newtonian mechanics. The physical reality as found in the Newtonian world has no connection whatsoever with the physical reality as found in special relativity. Any experiment done and interpreted through special relativity has no relevance in the physical world as observed and represented by Newtonian mechanics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[128] viXra:1810.0165 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 21:25:48

Open Letter - The Failure Of Einstein's E=mc².

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 2 Pages. English; with Chinese translation.

The author has discovered very recently (April 2016) that the formula E = mc^2 is invalid; energy is fictitious in the formula. The proof is simple and involves no high mathematics.Any good high school students taking physics as a subject could easily come to a definite understanding of the analysis and decides for himself whether the author’s claim is correct; there is no need to rely on the words of any physics professor to know whether the formula E = mc^2 is valid or invalid.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[127] viXra:1810.0164 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 21:29:13

Newton's Invariant Mass Has Remained Invariant.

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 8 Pages.

Contemporary mainstream physics has accepted special relativity to be a fully tested and verified theory. The internet has been full of references for experiments that purportedly verified special relativity. This article argues that many of these experiments purportedly verifying special relativity are irrelevant as evidence; a commonly quoted example being the Kaufmann, Bucherer and Neumann experiments. On the contrary, there is only one lone uncorroborated experiment that shows some evidence of the validity of special relativity - the 1964 experiment of William Bertozzi of the MIT; for the matter, the experiment provides only a weak evidence with 10% accuracy. If a lone experiment were sufficient as evidence in science, then the 1989 Pons & Fleischmann experiment could have won the experimenters a Nobel Prize in physics - they did not. The author proposes a simple experiment that could decide incontrovertibly between the two competing mechanics, the old Newtonian mechanics or the “newer” special relativity - by just directly measuring the velocity of electrons ejected in natural beta decay. To date, despite the simplicity of the experiment, no one has performed the experiment.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[126] viXra:1810.0163 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 21:34:37

Dishonesty In Academia To Promote Special Relativity.

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 4 Pages. English; with Chinese translation.

A central feature of special relativity is the increase of mass with velocity - mass going to infinity when a body approaches the speed limit of light. This feature is of the utmost importance as special relativity has been accepted by modern physics to have clearly proven Newtonian mechanics to be wrong fundamentally; Newton’s mechanics has mass to be an invariant property of matter. As it is expected that students would not easily accept a dismissal of Newton’s monumental work, the Principia, the physics academia tries to have a way to convince students that indeed this central feature of mass increasing with velocity could even be verified through experiments done in the usual laboratory of a university. The fact of the matter is otherwise - that even the original ex- periments by Kaufmann (1901), Bucherer (1908) that attempted to show mass increasing with velocity are flawed as the author has shown. The proposed simplified experiments are tantamount to fraud propagated on unsuspecting students who may not have the time to delve into the issues more thoroughly.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[125] viXra:1810.0161 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-11 04:25:00

Consideration of Parallel Universe

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 5 Pages.

I put memos and letters in the Tesla coil and I am hoping that it will fly in the past and change the present. It might be like a dream. However, since there is only this method, I am challenging it.
Category: Classical Physics

[124] viXra:1810.0160 [pdf] replaced on 2020-11-18 11:19:24

Gyroscopic Effects

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 17 Pages.

Change in weight of rotating gyroscopes is considered. The translation of article from Russian into English is enclosed.
Category: Classical Physics

[123] viXra:1810.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 07:14:40

The Analysis of Public Space Design in Metropolitan Hospital Based on ‘healthy Landscape’ Concept

Authors: OUYANG Lan, CHENG Zhe, WANG Zhen
Comments: 9 Pages.

As a special type of public building, the hospital is a place to provide medical treatment for patients and assist patients to recover as soon as possible. The public space of the hospital is based on the overall planning of the city, with a special type of community-based external environment. Based on the hospital's rehabilitation functional requirements, its external space environment also needs to start from the concept of rehabilitation health and to guide its external space environment design practice with this concept. Based on the concept of healthy landscape, this paper analyzes and summarizes the problems faced by the design of the external space environment of hospitals in China today, and clarifies the role of the concept of healthy landscape in the design of the external space environment of hospitals, and the author attempts to propose the design and build strategies towards the external space environment of hospitals with the goal of a better healthy environment.
Category: Social Science

[122] viXra:1810.0158 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 07:25:16

Quantum Optical Circuits

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

A new study by scientists from the University of Bristol brings us a significant step closer to unleashing the revolutionary potential of quantum computing by harnessing silicon fabrication technology to build complex on-chip quantum optical circuits. [24] Two teams of scientists from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have collaborated to conduct groundbreaking research leading to the development of a new and innovative scientific field: Quantum Metamaterials. [23] An international team consisting of Russian and German scientists has made a breakthrough in the creation of seemingly impossible materials. They have created the world's first quantum metamaterial that can be used as a control element in superconducting electrical circuits. [22] ETH physicists have developed a silicon wafer that behaves like a topological insulator when stimulated using ultrasound. They have thereby succeeded in turning an abstract theoretical concept into a macroscopic product. [21] Cheng Chin, professor in the Department of Physics, and his team looked at an experimental setup of tens of thousands of atoms cooled down to near absolute zero. As the system crossed a quantum phase transition, they measured its behavior with an extremely sensitive imaging system. [20] Scientists from three UK universities are to test one of the fundamental laws of physics as part of a major Europe-wide project awarded more than £3m in funding. ]19] A team of researchers has devised a simple way to tune a hallmark quantum effect in graphene—the material formed from a single layer of carbon atoms—by bathing it in light. [18] Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15]
Category: Quantum Physics

[121] viXra:1810.0157 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 07:45:13

Dirichlet Problem for Hermitian-Einstein Equations Over bi-Hermitian Manifolds

Authors: Pan Zhang
Comments: 10 Pages.

In this paper, we solve the Dirichlet problem for $\alpha$-Hermitian-Einstein equations on $I_{\pm}$-holomorphic bundles over bi-Hermitian manifolds. As a corollary, we obtain an analogue result about generalized holomorphic bundles on generalized K\"{a}hler manifolds.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[120] viXra:1810.0156 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 07:45:03

Cosmological Lithium Problem

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 85 Pages.

This problem is among the still unresolved questions of the current standard description of the Big Bang. [46] Recent observations have created a puzzle for astrophysicists: Since the Big Bang, fewer galaxy clusters have formed over time than were actually expected. [45] Scanning the sky for X-ray sources, ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray observatory has been busy with the XXL Survey, its largest observational programme to date. [44] A duo of researchers from the Czech Republic has performed a study of the neutral hydrogen supershell known as GS242-03+37, a large structure in the Milky Way galaxy. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38]
Category: Astrophysics

[119] viXra:1810.0155 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 09:40:31

The Universe as a Superorganism

Authors: Alexey V. Melkikh
Comments: 28 Pages.

The assumption that the early universe was not hot but in a pure quantum state allowed the main problems of cosmology to be solved from a single point: the flatness and homogeneity of the universe, in addition to the predominance of matter over antimatter and the absence of monopoles. A model according to which this quantum state itself was formed under large compression as a result of a quantum phase transition is proposed. In this case, a Big Bounce can be treated as quantum scattering, as a result of which more than one universe can form. The properties of the universe, on the basis of which life arose within it, were encoded in topological states before the Big Bounce (scattering). At later stages, life evolved directly. Dark matter and dark energy can be used to control the lifetime of the universe. The universe itself can be considered to be a superorganism.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[118] viXra:1810.0154 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 09:39:39

Planets are Made Of

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 31 Pages.

UZH researchers have analyzed the composition and structure of faraway exoplanets using statistical tools. [14] A carbon cycle anomaly discovered in carbonate rocks of the Neoproterozoic Hüttenberg Formation of northeastern Namibia follows a pattern similar to that found right after the Great Oxygenation Event, hinting at new evidence for how Earth's atmosphere became fully oxygenated. [13] The conditions for life surviving on planets entirely covered in water are more fluid than previously thought, opening up the possibility that water worlds could be habitable, according to a new paper from the University of Chicago and Pennsylvania State University. [12] Scientists at Rutgers University–New Brunswick and elsewhere are at a crossroads in their 50-year quest to go beyond the Standard Model in physics. [11] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. New ideas for interactions and particles: This paper examines also the possibility to origin the Spontaneously Broken Symmetries from the Planck Distribution Law. This way we get a Unification of the Strong, Electromagnetic, and Weak Interactions from the interference occurrences of oscillators. Understanding that the relativistic mass change is the result of the magnetic induction we arrive to the conclusion that the Gravitational Force is also based on the electromagnetic forces, getting a Unified Relativistic Quantum Theory of all 4 Interactions.
Category: Astrophysics

[117] viXra:1810.0153 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 07:38:30

On Catalan's Constant: Upgrade 2

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 4 Pages.

This note presents an integral for Catalan's constant: G=0.915965...
Category: Number Theory

[116] viXra:1810.0152 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 07:46:04

Una Serie Trigonométrica Y la Constante de Catalan

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 3 Pages.

En esta nota recordamos una serie trigonométrica que involucra a la constante de Catalan.
Category: General Mathematics

[115] viXra:1810.0151 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 07:45:47

A Simple Explanation for Darwinism from a Physico-Spiritual Point of View.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 2 Pages.

An explanation for evolution is provided within the author's framework for a theory of quantum gravity.
Category: Physics of Biology

[114] viXra:1810.0150 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 08:05:47

Question 477: Some Mathematical Formulas

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 15 Pages.

This note presents a collection of mathematical formulas.
Category: General Mathematics

[113] viXra:1810.0149 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 08:44:17

Modeling Distributional Time Series by Transformations

Authors: Zhicheng Chen
Comments: 4 Pages.

Probability distributions play a very important role in many applications. This paper describes a modeling approach for distributional time series. Probability density functions (PDFs) are approximated by real-valued vectors via successively applying the log-quantile-density (LQD) transformation and functional principal component analysis (FPCA); state-space models (SSMs) for real-valued time series are then applied to model the evolution of PCA scores, corresponding results are mapped back to the PDF space by the inverse LQD transformation.
Category: Statistics

[112] viXra:1810.0148 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 08:51:26

Anomaly in Superconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

An international group of scientists, including a researcher from Skoltech, has completed an experimental and theoretical study into the properties displayed by strongly disordered superconductors at very low temperatures. [32] The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[111] viXra:1810.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 10:40:20

A New Trigonometric Function Solution with Amplitude-Dependent Frequency for the Linear Harmonic Oscillator Equation

Authors: J. Akande, D. K. K. Adjaï, Y. J. F. Kpomahou, L. H. Koudahoun, M. D. Monsia
Comments: Pages.

It is well known that amplitude-dependent frequency features only nonlinear dynamical systems. This paper shows that, however, within the framework of the theory of nonlinear differential equations introduced recently by the authors of this work, such a property may also characterize the linear harmonic oscillator equation. In doing so it has been found as another major result that the linear harmonic oscillator is nothing but the nonlocal transformation of equation of the free particle motion under constant forcing function.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[110] viXra:1810.0145 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 11:27:35

Superconducting Quantum Circuits

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 15 Pages.

Superconducting quantum microwave circuits can function as qubits, the building blocks of a future quantum computer. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[109] viXra:1810.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 12:08:13

Complex Hybrid Material

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

Materials scientists at Duke University computationally predicted the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors made from extended organic molecules sandwiched by inorganic structures. [30] KU Leuven researchers from the Roeffaers Lab and the Hofkens Group have now put forward a very promising direct X-ray detector design, based on a rapidly emerging halide perovskite semiconductor, with chemical formula Cs2AgBiBr6. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21]
Category: Condensed Matter

[108] viXra:1810.0143 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 12:37:38

SITUATIONAL UNDERLYING VALUE (SUV) - "Proof of Principle" for a Statistic to Measure Clutch Performance by Individuals in Major League Baseball, Professional Football (NFL) and NCAA Men's College Basketball

Authors: Raymond H Gallucci
Comments: 126 Pages. Combines previously separate vixra entries 1809.0411 + 0410 + 0409 into one document.

In Situational Underlying Value (SUV) for Baseball, Football and Basketball: A Statistic to Measure Individual Performance in Team Sports, an all-encompassing, overall statistic to measure performance by individual players in the team sports of major league baseball, professional football (NFL), and NCAA men's college basketball was developed. This work supplements and extends the development and initial demonstrations of the use of the SUV statistic for these three team sports by tracking the performance of three specific teams in these three sports over a significant portion of their most recent seasons: (1) for major league baseball, 54 of the 162 games played by the Seattle Mariners in 2017; (2) for professional football, five of the 16 games played by the Seattle Seahawks in 2017; and (3) for NCAA Men's College Basketball, the five games played by the Loyola of Chicago Ramblers in the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. The SUV statistics for the players who participated in these games are tracked and accumulated for comparison among themselves and, for those who participated in a significant portion of these games, further compared against the traditional statistics for each team over the entire season (or, in the case of the Loyola of Chicago Ramblers, the complete five games of the Basketball Tournament). The goal is to examine the efficacy of this one overarching statistic, the SUV, in representing player performance "in the clutch" vs. more subjective interpretation of the myriad of different "traditional" statistics currently used. Anomalies between the SUV and traditional statistics results are examined and explained, to the extent practicable given the scope of the SUV analysis (partial seasons). Whether or not this effort proves successful is left to the reader's conclusion based on t he results and comparisons performed.
Category: Statistics

[107] viXra:1810.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 13:21:31

Electron Spin Memory Storage

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24]
Category: Quantum Physics

[106] viXra:1810.0140 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-10 08:36:39

W and Z Boson Weak Force and Weak Charge in Granular Spacetime

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 7 Pages. Corrected Typos

This paper shows the magnitude of the weak force and weak charge with calculations and makes predictions of the weak charge. It also postulates that the weak force may be a result of w boson pairs and z boson pairs. Tommaso Dorigo discusses W boson pairs [2]. The equations to derive a value of weak charge to elementary charge in this paper seem to imply that weak charge, of .076447, may be the result of W boson pairs or perhaps .071776 of a Z boson pairs. This paper uses the cuboctahedron structure shown in “Proton Electron Universe and Their Directions of Force”[1]. We also show that the ratio of weak charge and elementary charge are simply the square root of the mass of the neutron to the mass of two times the w boson or perhaps two times the z boson or a combination of these two numbers.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[105] viXra:1810.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 01:45:17

A Third Note on Bell's Theorem

Authors: Han Geurdes
Comments: 3 Pages.

In the paper it is demonstrated that Bell's formula for {+1,-1} measurement functions is inconsistent.
Category: Statistics

[104] viXra:1810.0136 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 01:52:00

Electron Gun Reveal Atomic Motion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

One of the most enduring "Holy Grail" experiments in science has been attempts to directly observe atomic motions during structural changes. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[103] viXra:1810.0135 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 02:18:06

Exponential-Grating Monochromator

Authors: Kenneth C. Johnson
Comments: 7 Pages.

A monochromator optical design is described, which comprises a grazing-incidence reflection grating and two grazing-incidence mirrors, one on each side of the grating. The grating operates in conical diffraction mode and has an exponential phase function, so that the wavelength can be scanned by translating the grating surface in the phase-gradient direction. The wavelength can be continuously tuned over a wide spectral range while maintaining zero-aberration performance over the full range, and perfect blazing is also achieved over the full illumination aperture at all wavelengths.
Category: Classical Physics

[102] viXra:1810.0134 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 03:51:45

Quantum Materials Atom by Atom

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 50 Pages.

A novel technique that nudges single atoms to switch places within an atomically thin material could bring scientists another step closer to realizing theoretical physicist Richard Feynman's vision of building tiny machines from the atom up. [34] One of the most enduring "Holy Grail" experiments in science has been attempts to directly observe atomic motions during structural changes. [33] Faster and more compact memory storage devices will become a reality when physicists gain precise control of the spins of electrons. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25] Advances in microscopy techniques have often triggered important discoveries in the field of neuroscience, enabling vital insights in understanding the brain and promising new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [24] What is the relationship of consciousness to the neurological activity of the brain? Does the brain behave differently when a person is fully conscious, when they are asleep, or when they are undergoing an epileptic seizure? [23]
Category: Quantum Physics

[101] viXra:1810.0133 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-10 04:30:07

Fusion Power Plants

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 83 Pages.

A class exercise at MIT, aided by industry researchers, has led to an innovative solution to one of the longstanding challenges facing the development of practical fusion power plants: how to get rid of excess heat that would cause structural damage to the plant. [44] Schematic of a magnetic nozzle rf plasma thruster (helicon plasma thruster) having two open source exits and photographs of the three operation modes in the laboratory test. [43] Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[100] viXra:1810.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 05:34:46

An Operational Definition of Life, Evolution and Their Primeval Occurrence

Authors: Arturo Tozzi, James Peters, John Torday
Comments: 7 Pages.

We will examine one of the traits more frequently suggested in order to define life: living beings are able to produce new individual organisms (offspring), either asexually from a single parent organism, or sexually from two parent organisms. We will treat life’s occurrence and reproduction in terms of algebraic topology, making clear that two of its more powerful theorems, i.e., the Borsuk-Ulam theorem and the ham sandwich theorem, are able to provide us with a mathematical definition of life, or at least one of its foremost traits. We discuss the advantages of describing life and evolution in topological terms and conclude with a novel “teleological”, but physically-framed hypothesis concerning the role of the Universe.
Category: Physics of Biology

[99] viXra:1810.0131 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 07:19:02

Optimized Laser Material Deposition

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

Neutron diffraction strain scanning measurements at ANSTO have validated a new theoretical model that successfully predicts the residual stresses and critical deposition heights for laser additive manufacturing. [29] Tensorial neutron tomography promises new insights into superconductors, battery electrodes and other energy-related materials. [28] CERN's nuclear physics facility, ISOLDE, has minted a new coin in its impressive collection of isotopes. [27] In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18]
Category: Quantum Physics

[98] viXra:1810.0130 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 08:08:39

Forcing a Metal Superconductivity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

The researchers found that via quick-freeze technique, the metal changed into a superconducting state for over a week. [31] Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Condensed Matter

[97] viXra:1810.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 08:36:54

Dreams, Lucid Dreams, Dreams Within Dreams, and Nightmares/night-Terrors

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

an interesting brief discussion of various kinds of dreams with a proven technique how to deal with nightmares/night-terrors
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[96] viXra:1810.0128 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 09:10:40

Dark Energy in String Theory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 27 Pages.

A new conjecture is the cause of excitement in the string theory community. [23] Since the 1970s, astronomers and physicists have been gathering evidence for the presence in the universe of dark matter: a mysterious substance that manifests itself through its gravitational pull. [22] Today, an international group of researchers, including Carnegie Mellon University's Rachel Mandelbaum, released the deepest wide field map of the three-dimensional distribution of matter in the universe ever made and increased the precision of constraints for dark energy with the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey (HSC). [21] Scientists are hoping to understand one of the most enduring mysteries in cosmology by simulating its effect on the clustering of galaxies. [20] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved nearly $1 million in funding for the research team, which has been tasked with leveraging large-scale computer simulations and developing new statistical methods to help us better understand these fundamental forces. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[95] viXra:1810.0127 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 09:41:17

Laser Identify White Powders

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

Now, scientists at Heriot-Watt University have proved the concept that white powders have a unique 'fingerprint' that allows them to be identified instantly, using portable laser technology. [30] Neutron diffraction strain scanning measurements at ANSTO have validated a new theoretical model that successfully predicts the residual stresses and critical deposition heights for laser additive manufacturing. [29] Tensorial neutron tomography promises new insights into superconductors, battery electrodes and other energy-related materials. [28] CERN's nuclear physics facility, ISOLDE, has minted a new coin in its impressive collection of isotopes. [27] In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20]
Category: Condensed Matter

[94] viXra:1810.0126 [pdf] replaced on 2023-06-11 18:54:18

Reinterpreting the Universe as Systems with a Single Programmatic Intent to Preserve Structure

Authors: Tariq Khan
Comments: 9 Pages. Final edit with additions. Thank you.

A pattern appears to exist in the Universe based on a foundational and simple rule. It is possible that every aspect of our reality of objects and processes can be interpreted as systems with an apparent intent to preserve structure - as physical form or as information. We can see this fundamental principle or rule at various levels in a structural hierarchy of complexity in our Universe increasing from the traits of consistency and fecundity, at the smallest of scales, to traits of diversity and consolidation, and then to optimizations in time, memory, resiliency, and redundancy amidst scarcity and competition and finally culminating, in the "use" of minds and "aggregate minds as agents" ultimately to preserve structure as concepts as information in mental ideas.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[93] viXra:1810.0125 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 10:22:23

Nanoscale Pillars for the Future IT

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 69 Pages.

Researchers from Linköping University and the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden have proposed a new device concept that can efficiently transfer the information carried by electron spin to light at room temperature—a stepping stone toward future information technology. [39] Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[92] viXra:1810.0122 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 22:09:22

Low-Rank Matrix Recovery Via Regularized Nuclear Norm Minimization

Authors: Wendong Wang, Feng Zhang, Jianjun Wang
Comments: 10 Pages.

In this paper, we theoretically investigate the low-rank matrix recovery problem in the context of the unconstrained regularized nuclear norm minimization (RNNM) framework. Our theoretical findings show that, one can robustly recover any matrix X from its few noisy measurements b=A(X)+n with a bounded constraint ||n||_{2}<ε via the RNNM, if the linear map A satisfies restricted isometry property (RIP) with δ_{tk}<√(t-1)/t for certain fixed t>1. Recently, this condition with t≥4/3 has been proved by Cai and Zhang (2014) to be sharp for exactly recovering any rank-k matrices via the constrained nuclear norm minimization (NNM). To the best of our knowledge, our work first extends nontrivially this recovery condition for the constrained NNM to that for its unconstrained counterpart. Furthermore, it will be shown that similar recovery condition also holds for regularized l_{1}-norm minimization, which sometimes is also called Basis Pursuit DeNoising (BPDN).
Category: General Mathematics

[91] viXra:1810.0121 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-22 03:02:24

Rip-Based Performance Guarantee for Low Tubal Rank Tensor Recovery

Authors: Feng Zhang, Wendong Wang, Jianwen Huang, Jianjun Wang
Comments: 25 Pages.

The essential task of multi-dimensional data analysis focuses on the tensor decomposition and the corresponding notion of rank. However, most tensor ranks are not well defined with a tight convex relaxation. In this paper, by introducing the notion of tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD), we establish a regularized tensor nuclear norm minimization (RTNNM) model for low tubal rank tensor recovery. In addition, the tensor nuclear norm within the unit ball of the tensor spectral norm here has been shown to be a convex envelop of tensor average rank. On the other hand, many variants of the restricted isometry property (RIP) have proven to be crucial frameworks and analysis tools for recovery of sparse vectors and low-rank tensors. So, we initiatively define a novel tensor restrict isometry property (t-RIP) based on t-SVD. Besides, our theoretical results show that any third-order tensor X∈R^{n_{1}× n_{2}× n_{3}} whose tubal rank is at most r can stably be recovered from its as few as measurements y = M(X)+w with a bounded noise constraint ||w||_{2}≤ε via the RTNNM model, if the linear map M obeys t-RIP with δ_{tr}^{M}<√(t-1)/(n_{3}^{2}+t-1) for certain fixed t>1. Surprisingly, when n_{3}=1, our conditions coincide with T. Cai and A. Zhang's sharp work in 2013 for low-rank matrix recovery via the constrained nuclear norm minimization. We note that, as far as the authors are aware, such kind of result has not previously been reported in the literature.
Category: General Mathematics

[90] viXra:1810.0120 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-09 01:43:25

Did Mayans Knew About Milankovitch Cycles?

Authors: Edgars Alksnis
Comments: 3 Pages.

Time-counting of Mayans likely fit in Mircea’s Eliades schemes for „sacred time” and „ethernal return”.
Category: Climate Research

[89] viXra:1810.0116 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 08:50:44

Identity Featuring Gamma Function: Ramanujan's Integration

Authors: Amit Kumar Jha
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this short 3 page Pdf I am giving you method to prove Ramanujan's identity
Category: Mathematical Physics

[88] viXra:1810.0115 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 09:21:12

Chemical Impact Parameter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Scientists at the University of Toronto have found a way to select the outcome of chemical reaction by employing an elusive and long-sought factor known as the 'impact parameter'. [31] Tailor-made protein drugs in the fight against cancer and other diseases are a step close, with the Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology at Flinders playing a part in one of the latest chemistry discoveries in effectively modifying therapeutic proteins. [30] New research published in Nature Methods will dramatically improve how scientists "see inside" molecular structures in solution, allowing for much more precise ways to image data in various fields, from astronomy to drug discovery. [29] Prof WANG Zhisong and his research team from the Department of Physics, NUS have developed two sets of conceptually new mechanisms that enable artificial nanowalkers to move in a self-guided direction using their internal mechanics. [28] Gene editing is one of the hottest topics in cancer research. A Chinese research team has now developed a gold-nanoparticle-based multifunctional vehicle to transport the "gene scissors" to the tumor cell genome. [27] Cells can be programmed like a computer to fight cancer, influenza, and other serious conditions – thanks to a breakthrough in synthetic biology by the University of Warwick. [26] This "robot," made of a single strand of DNA, can autonomously "walk" around a surface, pick up certain molecules and drop them off in designated locations. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Quantum Physics

[87] viXra:1810.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 11:09:53

Dirac Theory's Breaches of Quantum Correspondence and Relativity; Nonrelativistic Pauli Theory's Unique Relativistic Extension

Authors: Steven Kenneth Kauffmann
Comments: 12 Pages.

A single-particle Hamiltonian independent of the particle's coordinate ensures the particle conserves momentum, i.e., is free. This free-particle Hamiltonian is completely determined by Lorentz covariance of its energy-momentum and the particle's rest-energy value; such a free particle has velocity which vanishes when its momentum vanishes. Dirac required his free-particle Hamiltonian to be inhomogeneously linear in momentum, which contrariwise produces velocity that is independent of momentum; he also required his Hamiltonian's square to equal the above relativistic Hamiltonian's square, forcing many observables to anticommute and breach the quantum correspondence principle, as well as forcing the speed of any Dirac "free particle" to be c times the square root of three, which remains true when the particle interacts electromagnetically. The quantum correspondence principle breach causes a Dirac "free particle" to exhibit spontaneous acceleration that becomes unbounded in the classical limit; an artificial "spin" is also made available. Unlike the Dirac Hamiltonian, the nonrelativistic Pauli Hamiltonian is free of unphysical anomalies. Its relativistic extension is worked out via Lorentz-invariant upgrade of its associated action functional at zero particle velocity, and is obtained in closed form when there is no applied magnetic field; when there is, a successive approximation scheme must be used.
Category: Quantum Physics

[86] viXra:1810.0113 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 11:06:08

Nanoliter of Blood

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

University of Groningen scientists, led by Associate Professor of Chemical Biology Giovanni Maglia, have designed a nanopore system that is capable of measuring different metabolites simultaneously in a variety of biological fluids, all in a matter of seconds. [32] In clinical diagnostics, it is critical to monitor biomolecules in a simple, rapid and sensitive way. [31] Researchers at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum have discovered why bioelectrodes containing the photosynthesis protein complex photosystem I are not stable in the long term. [30] Molecules that are involved in photosynthesis exhibit the same quantum effects as non-living matter, concludes an international team of scientists including University of Groningen theoretical physicist Thomas la Cour Jansen. [29] Nanoparticles derived from tea leaves inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells, destroying up to 80% of them, new research by a joint Swansea University and Indian team has shown. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Physics of Biology

[85] viXra:1810.0112 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 11:24:36

Kepler 406c, 406b and 406 According to Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages. 2 scans of original handwritten documents

Kepler 406, Kepler 406b and Kepler 406c are placed on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram. We will see that they are all vastly different in ages and stages of their own metamorphosis, as is predicted. This is an excellent example of how polymorphic systems can be, as it contains a very young hot Sun-like star, an ocean world very close in that is boiling away, and an extremely old super-Mercury.
Category: Astrophysics

[84] viXra:1810.0111 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 11:32:59

SpaceX Mission with Astronauts

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 85 Pages.

NASA has announced the first crewed flight by a SpaceX rocket to the International Space Station (ISS) is expected to take place in June 2019. [46] Recent observations have created a puzzle for astrophysicists: Since the Big Bang, fewer galaxy clusters have formed over time than were actually expected. [45] Scanning the sky for X-ray sources, ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray observatory has been busy with the XXL Survey, its largest observational programme to date. [44] A duo of researchers from the Czech Republic has performed a study of the neutral hydrogen supershell known as GS242-03+37, a large structure in the Milky Way galaxy. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38]
Category: Astrophysics

[83] viXra:1810.0110 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 12:53:48

Machine Learning Heart Picture

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

To meet that demand, IBM researchers in Australia are using POWER9 systems, with Nvidia Tesla V100 graphics processing units (GPUs), to perform hemodynamic simulations for vFFR-based diagnosis within one to two minutes. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[82] viXra:1810.0109 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 13:11:55

Nanodiamonds Plasmonic Waveguides

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

Now writing in Light Science & Applications, Hamidreza Siampour and co-workers have taken a step forward in the field of integrated quantum plasmonics by demonstrating on-chip coupling between a single photon source and plasmonic waveguide. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29]
Category: Condensed Matter

[81] viXra:1810.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 15:10:20

General Relativity, Non-Abelian Gauge Theories, and Quantum Gravity

Authors: F. Winterberg
Comments: 11 Pages.

We adopt here an attempt first pioneered by Dehnen to reformulate Einstein’s general theory of relativity as a kind of non-Abelian gauge theory, as is quantum chromodynamics. This approach permits the formulation of Einstein’s gravitational field equation by the same Lagrangian of the Einstein-Hilbert action, albeit with two event horizons: an “outer” one in ordinary space for Einstein’s theory with a cut-off at the Planck energy (~〖10〗^19 GeV), and an “inner” one in three-dimensional color space for quantum chromodynamics with a cut-of at ~〖10〗^2 GeV. This conclusion is reached by the analogy between general relativity and quantum chromodynamics at one hand, and Newtonian point particle classical mechanics and Helmholtz line vortex dynamics at the other hand.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[80] viXra:1810.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 15:28:26

Attributes of God

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

a concise 9-step guide to God
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[79] viXra:1810.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-08 05:03:15

Cooperation for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network

Authors: Adnan Muhammad
Comments: 8 Pages.

This article reviews the literature related to Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network with focus on Cooperation. It starts by examining definitions of some of the fields of research in VDTN. An overview of VDTN with cooperative networks is presented
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[78] viXra:1810.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 06:56:16

Cosmological Theories Challenge

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 84 Pages.

Recent observations have created a puzzle for astrophysicists: Since the Big Bang, fewer galaxy clusters have formed over time than were actually expected. [45] Scanning the sky for X-ray sources, ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray observatory has been busy with the XXL Survey, its largest observational programme to date. [44] A duo of researchers from the Czech Republic has performed a study of the neutral hydrogen supershell known as GS242-03+37, a large structure in the Milky Way galaxy. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: Astrophysics

[77] viXra:1810.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 07:32:05

DNA Prevent Dangerous Pathogens

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

In 2016, synthetic biologists reconstructed a possibly extinct disease, known as horsepox, using mail-order DNA for around $100,000. [20] DNA is a lengthy molecule—approximately 1,000-fold longer than the cell in which it resides—so it can't be jammed in haphazardly. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15]
Category: Physics of Biology

[76] viXra:1810.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 07:55:21

AI Person Under the Law

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

Granting human rights to a computer would degrade human dignity. [23] IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[75] viXra:1810.0096 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 08:08:06

Developing a New Cryptic Communication Protocol by Quantum Tunnelling over Classic Computer Logic

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 2 Pages.

I have been working for a time about basic laws of directing the universe [1,2]. It seems that the most basic and impressive principle which causes any physical phenomenon is the Uncertainty Principle of Heisenberg [3], that existence have any property because of the uncertainty. During this process, while I was thinking about conservation of information I noticed, that information cannot be lost; but at a point, it becomes completely unrecognizable according to us as there is no alternative. Any information and the information searched for become the same after a point relatively to us. The sensitivity increases forever but its loss. Each sensitivity level also has higher level; so actually an absolute protection seems possible.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[74] viXra:1810.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 09:41:00

On the Nature and Values of the Gravitational and Cosmological Constants

Authors: Anatoly V. Belyakov
Comments: 3 Pages.

Stable particles of the Universe - protons and electrons - are in constant motion (there is a background component of their velocity), which is the source of the vacuum energy, explains the non-Newtonian vacuum potential and the curvature of space and determines the values of the gravitational and cosmological constants. This follows from the balance of interactions between a free electron and a proton, provided that there are no electrical forces and external influences.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[73] viXra:1810.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 14:03:52

Regression in Wireless Sensor Networks

Authors: Muhammad Kashif Ghumman, Tauseef Jamal
Comments: 8 Pages. DCIS0710

In WSN, the main purpose of regression is to locate the nodes by prediction on the basis of readings. This article explains the concept of regression according to WSN perspective and on the basic of these concepts the clustering of nodes through multi-linear regression originates by combing the ideas of locating the nodes through regression and how to utilize nodes parameters in multilinear regression formula.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[72] viXra:1810.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 14:52:16

Momentum Energy Depletion

Authors: Adham Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Comments: 1 Page.

What happens if two equal masses hit each other at the same velocity and as they try to rebound the two masses are not let to do so and are pushed again to each other from behind And then the whole energy of momentum is turned into either sound or light It’s a momentum collision that is totally depleted and the time of energy depletion is very small and the balls are not let to rebound at all you could make this doable by making several bigger masses hit push each other whenever the balls colliding try to rebound
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[71] viXra:1810.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 16:08:27

972 Stars in Different Stages of Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 25 Pages. 1 graph, 1 data set of 972 objects

A simple graph is provided on log10 scale for masses that young hot stars become colder older smaller stars, mislabeled "planets/brown dwarfs/exoplanets" by the establishment. The data is freely available online and is sourced in this paper.
Category: Astrophysics

[70] viXra:1810.0089 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 18:41:37

Does The Moon move by Gravity?

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 8 Pages.

The Moon doesn't move by the gravity forces between his and Earth masses… The solar planet generally doesn't move by gravity forces.. This paper provides proves for this conclusion….
Category: Astrophysics

[69] viXra:1810.0087 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 00:28:08

Martian Geometry 1

Authors: Greg Orme
Comments: 30 Pages.

Hypothesis This long ridge may be a tube , it connects into many crater s here along A and B. Some of the hills are also unusual, they may be hollow hill s. Mathematicians might consider how a parabola would be formed efficiently on such a large scale, engineers on how a long hollow structure could be created. Sociologists might consider how these crater s would have been used, to get water for possible farming, drinking, raising fish, etc. Biologists can regard this as a clue to the ecosystem, that water may have come from a water table, from rain, etc.
Category: Archaeology

[68] viXra:1810.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-07 01:24:22

Probable Etymology of the Russian Word "DOG"

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 5 Pages. -

This word has no the established etymology. There is an assumption that it is borrowed from the Iranian languages. So, we find "spaka" in midiysky.
Category: Linguistics

[67] viXra:1810.0083 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-08 07:29:06

Geometrical Formulation of Physics.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 4 Pages.

We define a unique geometrical Poisson bracket for classical physics of point particles and generalize this to the commutator algebra of quantum theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[66] viXra:1810.0081 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 07:08:22

Neutron Scan Magnetic Fields

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Tensorial neutron tomography promises new insights into superconductors, battery electrodes and other energy-related materials. [28] CERN's nuclear physics facility, ISOLDE, has minted a new coin in its impressive collection of isotopes. [27] In the case of several light nuclei, experimental confirmation of the individualism or family nature of nucleons will now be simpler, thanks to predictions presented by Polish physicists from Cracow and Kielce. [26] The identification of the magic number of six provides an avenue to investigate the origin of spin–orbit splittings in atomic nuclei. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[65] viXra:1810.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 07:40:04

Quark-Gluon Plasma Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 80 Pages.

Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, and their colleagues from the international ALICE collaboration recently collided xenon nuclei, in order to gain new insights into the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (the QGP) – the matter that the universe consisted of up to a microsecond after the Big Bang. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36]
Category: Astrophysics

[64] viXra:1810.0079 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 08:04:32

The Quest for Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

Since the 1970s, astronomers and physicists have been gathering evidence for the presence in the universe of dark matter: a mysterious substance that manifests itself through its gravitational pull. [22] Today, an international group of researchers, including Carnegie Mellon University's Rachel Mandelbaum, released the deepest wide field map of the three-dimensional distribution of matter in the universe ever made and increased the precision of constraints for dark energy with the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey (HSC). [21] Scientists are hoping to understand one of the most enduring mysteries in cosmology by simulating its effect on the clustering of galaxies. [20] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved nearly $1 million in funding for the research team, which has been tasked with leveraging large-scale computer simulations and developing new statistical methods to help us better understand these fundamental forces. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[63] viXra:1810.0078 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 11:23:20

Human Cell Nucleus

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 74 Pages.

A team of physicists has devised a novel strategy that uses naturally occurring motions inside the human cell nucleus to measure the physical properties of the nucleus and its components. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35]
Category: Physics of Biology

[62] viXra:1810.0077 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 12:15:06

Cell Networks Adaptiveness

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 76 Pages.

Biologists know a lot about how life works, but they are still figuring out the big questions of why life exists, why it takes various shapes and sizes, and how life is able to amazingly adapt to fill every nook and cranny on Earth. [45] A team of physicists has devised a novel strategy that uses naturally occurring motions inside the human cell nucleus to measure the physical properties of the nucleus and its components. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36]
Category: Physics of Biology

[61] viXra:1810.0076 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 12:47:51

JUUL Madness

Authors: Max A Zimmerman
Comments: 3 Pages. This article is important for students from a prospective of another student

This article highlights the consequences and addictive nature of the trending JUUL devices. This article responded to an article arguing the benefits of vaping devices. JUUL and other nicotine vaporizer companies are making it extremely easy for children and teens addicted to nicotine. There must be a change in marketing and accessibility of these products in relation to the appeal to children and students.
Category: Social Science

[60] viXra:1810.0075 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-07 08:36:59

The X-Cohomology

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We define here a cohomology called the X-cohomology with help of a closed 1-form X over the manifold.
Category: Topology

[59] viXra:1810.0073 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 18:20:15

Second Edition: Complex Programming

Authors: Yuly Shipilevsky
Comments: 9 Pages.

We introduce and suggest to research a special class of optimization problems, wherein an objective function is a real-valued complex variables function and constraints comprising complex-valued complex variables functions.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[58] viXra:1810.0069 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 01:25:57

Revise on the State of the Art on Security Policies and Mechanisms Applicable to Vehicular Delay Torlant Network Context of Cooperation

Authors: Zeeshan Haider
Comments: 7 Pages.

This article revision the literature related to Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network with focus on Cooperation. It starts by examining definitions of some of the fields of research in VDTN on security policies. An overview of VDTN on security policies cooperative networks is presented. A security policy is a high-level specification of the security properties that a given system should possess. It is a means for designers domain experts and implementers to communicate with each other, and a blueprint that drives a project from design through implementation and validation. We offer a survey of the most significant security policy models in the literature showing security may mean very different things in different contexts and we review some of the mechanisms used to implement a gievn security policy.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[57] viXra:1810.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 02:12:13

An Introduction to Non-Commutative (Pseudo) Metric Geometry.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 11 Pages.

We introduce the reader to the problematic aspects of formulating in concreto a suitable notion of geometry. Here, we take the canonical approach and give some examples.
Category: Geometry

[56] viXra:1810.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 02:45:30

Physics Renovation

Authors: Georgina Woodward
Comments: 81 Pages.

An abbreviated collection of work solving many puzzles of physics. In particular identifying category error in Relativity, the light clock argument and Quantum physics. The need for correct differentiation of different categories. Dispelling the paradoxes of relativity and the puzzle of supposed differences between the quantum and macroscopic scale.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[55] viXra:1810.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 03:13:03

Epstein Barr Virus and Atrial Fibrillation – a Causal Link?

Authors: Ilija Barukčić
Comments: 17 pages. Copyright © 2018 by Ilija Barukčić, Jever, Germany. All rights reserved. Published by Modern Health Science, 2019; 2(1): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30560/mhs.v2n1p1

Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is very frequent and clinically significant arrhythmia. The incidence of atrial fibrillation is continuously rising. Meanwhile several risk factors for AF development have been identified but the etiology is not cleared. Methods: A systematic review and re-analysis of studies which investigated the relationship between AF and some risk factors was conducted. The method of the conditio sine qua non relationship, the method of the conditio per quam relationship, the method of the exclusion relationship and the mathematical formula of the causal relationship k were used to proof the hypothesis. Significance was indicated by a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The studies analysed were able to provide direct and indirect evidence that AF is caused by a process of inflammation while a direct identification of the factor causing AF was not possible. Still, it appears to be very probable that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the cause of AF. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is caused by an inflammatory process. Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus, atrial fibrillation, causal relationship
Category: Statistics

[54] viXra:1810.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 03:32:08

Word in the Defense of Dialectical Materialism \\\ Слово в защиту диалектического материализма

Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 24 Pages. In Russian (please learn Russian) Robert Yusupov <©> Word in the Defense of Dialectical Materialism OCT 6, 2018

In the early 1990s, a bourgeois counter-revolutionary coup took place in the USSR in the first socialist country. In its progressive development, the country stopped and was thrown back for several decades. The bourgeoisie came to power in the country. An enormous blow was struck to all the healthy forces of society on the entire Soviet people. The people fell into capitalist slavery. The school of dialectical materialism was destroyed. Idealism became the state philosophy. The philosophy of idealism sees its main task as the philosophical justification of the anti-popular bourgeois system. Although the school of dialectical materialism suffered considerable damage and it suffered great losses, it was not possible to destroy the philosophy of dialectical materialism itself. No one can do it. Dialectical materialism is the philosophy of nature itself, and no one can destroy nature. This article highlights some of the problems of the foundations of the nature, the Universe, physics, which were solved solely on the foundations of the philosophy of dialectical materialism. Keywords: Marxist-Leninist philosophy, dialectical materialism, matter, time, Universe, physics. +++++++++++++++++++++ В начале 90-ых годов XX века в СССР в первой социалистической стране произошёл буржуазный контрреволюционный переворот. Страна в своём поступательном развитии остановилась и была отброшена назад на несколько десятилетий, К власти в стране пришла буржуазия. Был нанесён колоссальный удар по всем здоровым силам общества по всему советскому народу. Народ попал в капиталистическое рабство. Была уничтожена школа диалектического материализма. Государственной философией стал идеализм. Философия идеализма основной своей задачей видит философское оправдание антинародного буржуазного строя. Хотя школе диалектического материализма был нанесён значительный урон и она понесла большие потери, саму философию диалектического материализма уничтожить не удалось. Да это и не в силах никто сделать. Диалектический материализм – это есть философия самой природы, а природу никому не дано уничтожить. В настоящей статье освещаются некоторые проблемы основ мироздания, природы, физики, которые удалось решить исключительно на фундаменте философии диалектического материализма. Ключевые слова: марксистско-ленинская философия, диалектический материализм, материя, время, Вселенная, физика.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[53] viXra:1810.0063 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 03:57:52

Protons of Extreme Energies

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 82 Pages.

Approximately one year ago, a spectacular dive into Saturn ended NASA's Cassini mission—and with it a unique, 13-year research expedition to the Saturnian system. [44] Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, and their colleagues from the international ALICE collaboration recently collided xenon nuclei, in order to gain new insights into the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (the QGP) – the matter that the universe consisted of up to a microsecond after the Big Bang. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: Astrophysics

[52] viXra:1810.0062 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 04:24:58

Supermassive Black Holes Have Very Small Mass. Dark Matter Mass, Energy and Gravitation

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 215 Pages. © 2014 Adrian Ferent

“In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass” Adrian Ferent “Mass–energy equivalence for Dark Matter: E = md × vp^2 “ Adrian Ferent “Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass: md = m × c^2 / vp^2 ” Adrian Ferent “I am the first who calculated the mass and the energy of a Black Hole” Adrian Ferent “Everything what you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Dark Matter and Black Holes is wrong” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Quantum Gravity theory explains that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass, because the Gravitons inside the Supermassive Black Holes have high energy” Adrian Ferent “Dark Photons are faster than light, have higher frequencies than photons” Adrian Ferent “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the mass of supermassive Black Hole from the center of our galaxy is not 8.2 × 10^36 kg, it is 7.3 × 10^19 kg” Adrian Ferent “Sun’s core is Ferent Matter with the mass much smaller than the Sun’s mass, but with much higher energy than Sun’s energy” Adrian Ferent “The elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent “The electrons contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than electrons mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent “Because the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, Dark Matter is not detected at CERN” Adrian Ferent “Physics is much more complicated than you learned, with Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent We know that all forms of energy contribute to the gravitational field generated by an object, because all forms of energy interact gravitationally. For massless particles with zero rest mass, their relativistic mass is their relativistic energy divided by c^2. 85% of the matter in the universe is Dark Matter. “Everything what you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Dark Matter and Black Holes is wrong” Adrian Ferent Mass–energy equivalence for matter: E = m × c^2 I am the first who calculated the Dark Matter energy: “Mass–energy equivalence for Dark Matter: E = md × vp^2 “ Adrian Ferent Where md is the Dark Matter mass and vp is the Dark Photons speed. “The speed of Dark Photons is vp = 1.001762 × 10^17 m/s” Adrian Ferent Ferent Quantum Gravity theory explains: “The Gravitons and the Dark Photons are faster than light” Adrian Ferent “Black Holes are Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent You learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…that Supermassive Black Holes have very big mass! “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass” Adrian Ferent I am the first who calculated the Dark Matter mass: How I calculated that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass: This means: “Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass: md = m × c^2 / vp^2” Adrian Ferent This is impossible in Einstein Gravitation theory, because Einstein Gravitation theory is wrong. “Ferent Quantum Gravity theory explains that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass, because the Gravitons inside the Supermassive Black Holes have high energy” Adrian Ferent “Dark Photons are faster than light, have higher frequencies than photons” Adrian Ferent You learned that Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive Black Hole, 4.1 million solar masses, 8.2 × 10^36 kg, at its center, 26000 light-years from the Solar System. “In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the mass of supermassive Black Hole from the center of our galaxy is not 8.2 × 10^36 kg, it is 7.3 × 10^19 kg” Adrian Ferent The mass of supermassive Black Hole from the center of our galaxy is 7.3 × 10^19 kg, much smaller than the Moon mass. “I am the first who calculated the mass and the energy of a Black Hole” Adrian Ferent How I explained before: “Sun’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Matter is Dark Matter with density higher than Planck density” Adrian Ferent “The elementary particles are created around Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “The elementary particles contain Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Unification between Matter and Dark Matter: Adrian Ferent “Stars and planets contain Dark Matter in proportion to their mass” Adrian Ferent This means: “Sun’s core is Ferent Matter with the mass much smaller than the Sun’s mass, but with much higher energy than Sun’s energy” Adrian Ferent This is a very important discovery in Particle Physics: “The elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent That is why: “The electrons contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than electrons mass, but with much higher energy” Adrian Ferent “Because the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, Dark Matter is not detected at CERN” Adrian Ferent That is why: “Without Ferent Matter, there is no Gravitation” Adrian Ferent “Physics is much more complicated than you learned, with Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent This is another proof that Ferent Quantum Gravity theory is right and Einstein Gravitation theory, String theory, LQG… are wrong theories. 108. I am the first who discovered that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass 109. I am the first who discovered the Mass–energy equivalence for Dark Matter: E = md × vp^2 110. I am the first who calculated that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass: md = m × c^2 / vp^2 111. I am the first who calculated the mass and the energy of a Black Hole 112. I am the first who explained that everything you learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…about Dark Matter and Black Holes is wrong 113. I am the first who calculated that Supermassive Black Holes have very small mass, because the Gravitons inside the Supermassive Black Holes have high energy 114. I am the first who discovered that Dark Photons are faster than light, have higher frequencies than photons 115. I am the first who calculated that the mass of supermassive Black Hole from the center of our galaxy is not 8.2 × 10^36 kg, it is 7.3 × 10^19 kg 116. I am the first who discovered that Sun’s core is Ferent Matter with the mass much smaller than the Sun’s mass, but with much higher energy than Sun’s energy 117. I am the first who discovered that the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, but with much higher energy 118. I am the first who explained that the electrons contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than electrons mass, but with much higher energy 119. I am the first who explained because the elementary particles contain Dark Matter with the mass much smaller than particles mass, Dark Matter is not detected at CERN 120. I am the first who explained that Physics is much more complicated than you learned, with Dark Matter
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[51] viXra:1810.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 04:52:10

Piezoelectric Speaker Recognition

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

A KAIST research team led by Professor Keon Jae Lee from the Department of Material Science and Engineering has developed a machine learning-based acoustic sensor for speaker recognition. [30] Corrosion is an age-old problem that is estimated to cost about $1 trillion a year, or about 5 percent of the U.S. gross domestic product. [29] Physicists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21]
Category: Condensed Matter

[50] viXra:1810.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-06 04:55:16

Universal Forecasting Scheme-New

Authors: Ramesh Chandra Bagadi
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this research investigation, the author has detailed a novel method of forecasting.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[49] viXra:1810.0059 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 07:24:11

Ultra-Fast Laser Research

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 62 Pages.

The technique for generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses developed by the 2018 Nobel Prize for Physics winners, Professor Gérard Mourou and Dr. Donna Strickland, provides the basis for important scientific approaches used in Swinburne's research. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[48] viXra:1810.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 08:56:25

Quantum Cryptography Network

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

Spanish researchers have developed a quantum cryptography network integrated in a commercial optical network through technologies based on software defined networking (SDN), allowing for the implementation of quantum and classical network services in a flexible, dynamic and scalable manner. [37] Physicists at the University of Sydney have found a 'quantum hack' that should allow for enormous efficiency gains in quantum computing technologies. [36] An international team of scientists has proven, for the first time, the security of so-called device-independent quantum cryptography in a regime that is attainable with state-of-the-art quantum technology, thus paving the way to practical realization of such schemes in which users don't have to worry whether their devices can be trusted or not. [35] Experiments based on atoms in a shaken artificial crystal made of light offer novel insight into the physics of quantum many-body systems, which might help in the development of future data-storage technologies. [34] A new scheme from researchers in Singapore and Japan could help customers establish trust in buying time on such machines—and protect companies from dishonest customers. [33] A joint China-Austria team has performed quantum key distribution between the quantum-science satellite Micius and multiple ground stations located in Xinglong (near Beijing), Nanshan (near Urumqi), and Graz (near Vienna). [32] In the race to build a computer that mimics the massive computational power of the human brain, researchers are increasingly turning to memristors, which can vary their electrical resistance based on the memory of past activity. [31] Engineers worldwide have been developing alternative ways to provide greater memory storage capacity on even smaller computer chips. Previous research into two-dimensional atomic sheets for memory storage has failed to uncover their potential— until now. [30]
Category: Quantum Physics

[47] viXra:1810.0057 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 09:55:33

Теорема о поляре треугольника

Authors: Франц Герман
Comments: Pages.

Сформулирована и доказана теорема, ранее не встречавшаяся в литературе по проективной геометрии. На основании «теоремы о поляре трёхвершинника» открывается целый класс задач на построение. Теорема может быть полезна студентам математических факультетов педагогических вузов, а также учителям математики средней школы для проведения факультативных занятий.
Category: Geometry

[46] viXra:1810.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 10:39:54

X-Ray Cosmological Model

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 83 Pages.

Scanning the sky for X-ray sources, ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray observatory has been busy with the XXL Survey, its largest observational programme to date. [44] A duo of researchers from the Czech Republic has performed a study of the neutral hydrogen supershell known as GS242-03+37, a large structure in the Milky Way galaxy. [43] The energy transfer processes that occur in this collisionless space plasma are believed to be based on wave-particle interactions such as particle acceleration by plasma waves and spontaneous wave generation, which enable energy and momentum transfer. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37]
Category: Astrophysics

[45] viXra:1810.0055 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 11:31:35

How Steroid Hormones Enter Cells

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 74 Pages.

A discovery by scientists at UC Riverside may open up new ways to control steroid hormone-mediated processes, including growth and development in insects, and sexual maturation, immunity, and cancer progression in humans. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35]
Category: Physics of Biology

[44] viXra:1810.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 11:35:10

Gravitational Coupling Constant is 1/(modified Boltzmann’s Constant/2pi)^2 = 1.7517516e-45

Authors: David E. Fuller
Comments: 1 Page.

(Electron parameters) are dictated by the Geometry of the Aether Medium (Matter & Energy) are (Relativistic Ballast) maintaining the (Fluid Dynamic Balance Of Space Time) relative to (Bulk Modulus Period and Bjerknes Forces) Gravitational coupling constant is 1/(Modified Boltzmann’s Constant/2pi)^2 = 1.7517516e-45 KronosPrime@outlook.com
Category: Quantum Physics

[43] viXra:1810.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 12:03:15

Kepler 3rd Law Explanation (a Claim Against Nobel Prize Board Decision in Physics 2018)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 18 Pages.

A claim against Nobel Prize Board Decision – in Physics -2018 Best Greetings I send this paper as a claim to the Nobel Prize Decision Board - for their decision - for Nobel Prize in physics 2018 Of course I have nothing against the great people who receive the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 and I congratulate them for their great works But at my side, I found there's a serious question here Because I explained frequently in my research that, there's a serious contradiction in physics current theories and we can't understand the solar group geometry if no one solves this contradiction… I Provided many hard arguments to prove this claim and thought that, the Nobel Prize Board will support me to solve this contradiction in physics. But I found the Board decision avoids my work! For that reason I summarized the main idea in this paper and send it as a claim to the Nobel Prize Decision Board And I wish the board will accept to give me a chance to explain and defend my point of view.. With the Best Regards Gerges Francis Tawdrous TEL +201022532292 E-mailgeorgytawdrous@yandex.ru Linkedln https://eg.linkedin.com/in/gerges-francis-86a351a1 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/gergis.tawadrous Academia https://rudn.academia.edu/GergesTawadrous
Category: Astrophysics

[42] viXra:1810.0052 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 12:36:16

Big Data in Clinical Decisions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 74 Pages.

A new computational approach that allows the identification of molecular alterations associated with prognosis and resistance to therapy of different types of cancer was developed by the research group led by Nuno Barbosa Morais at Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes (iMM; Portugal). [45] A discovery by scientists at UC Riverside may open up new ways to control steroid hormone-mediated processes, including growth and development in insects, and sexual maturation, immunity, and cancer progression in humans. [44] New 3-D maps of water distribution during cellular membrane fusion are accelerating scientific understanding of cell development, which could lead to new treatments for diseases associated with cell fusion. [43] Thanks to the invention of a technique called super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, it has recently become possible to view even the smaller parts of a living cell. [42] A new instrument lets researchers use multiple laser beams and a microscope to trap and move cells and then analyze them in real-time with a sensitive analysis technique known as Raman spectroscopy. [41] All systems are go for launch in November of NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission, which will use high-resolution laser ranging to study Earth's forests and topography from the International Space Station (ISS). [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36]
Category: Physics of Biology

[41] viXra:1810.0051 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 13:14:46

Medical Marijuana

Authors: Alex Altmire
Comments: 1 Page.

The article is about the necessity of the legalization of medical marijuana and how the drug helps citizens with common diseases/ mental illnesses.
Category: Education and Didactics

[40] viXra:1810.0046 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 01:33:59

Riemann Conjecture Proof

Authors: Idriss Olivier Bado
Comments: 5 Pages.

The main contribution of this paper is to achieve the proof of Riemann hypothesis. The key idea is based on new formulation of the problem $$\zeta(s)=\zeta(1-s) \Leftrightarrow re(s)=\frac{1}{2}$$. This proof is considered as a great discovery in mathematic.
Category: Number Theory

[39] viXra:1810.0045 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-05 02:57:21

On the Equation of „theory of Everything“

Authors: RNTomas Ptacek
Comments: 2 Pages.

This article contains a conception and statements of new „Theory of everything“ based on same features occured throught the disciplines. In general it describes a mathematical explanation of the question „why is there something instead of nothing“ but throught the multidisciplinarity it touches also physics including an interpretation of quantum mechanics. In the future it will need other development of its statements. I wrote more than 1300 pages about this, this is just a brief summary. A reader should make an abstraction from the disciplines themselves (mathematics, physics, philosophy and so on) to understand the logic contained in the article.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[38] viXra:1810.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 06:45:52

Excess of Electron Neutrinos

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

A pair of researchers with the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark has come up with a possible explanation for the excess of electron neutrinos detected by researchers at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. [18] The largest liquid-argon neutrino detector in the world has just recorded its first particle tracks, signaling the start of a new chapter in the story of the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). [17] While these experiments seem miniature in comparison to others, they could reveal answers about neutrinos that have been hiding from physicists for decades. [16] In a paper published today in the European Physical Journal C, the ATLAS Collaboration reports the first high-precision measurement at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of the mass of the W boson. [15] A team of researchers at the University of Michigan has conducted a thought experiment regarding the nature of a universe that could support life without the weak force. [14] The international T2K Collaboration announces a first indication that the dominance of matter over antimatter may originate from the fact that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently during those oscillations. [13] Neutrinos are a challenge to study because their interactions with matter are so rare. Particularly elusive has been what's known as coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, which occurs when a neutrino bumps off the nucleus of an atom. [12]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[37] viXra:1810.0042 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 07:06:39

A Novel Approach for Classify Manets Attacks with a Neutrosophic Intelligent System Based on Genetic Algorithm

Authors: Haitham Elwahsh, Mona Gamal, A. A. Salama, I. M. El-Henawy
Comments: 10 Pages.

Recently designing an effective intrusion detection systems (IDS) within Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Security (MANETs) becomes a requirement because of the amount of indeterminacy and doubt exist in that environment. Neutrosophic system is a discipline that makes a mathematical formulation for the indeterminacy found in such complex situations. Neutrosophic rules compute with symbols instead of numeric values making a good base for symbolic reasoning. These symbols should be carefully designed as they form the propositions base for the neutrosophic rules (NR) in the IDS. Each attack is determined by membership, nonmembership, and indeterminacy degrees in neutrosophic system. This research proposes a MANETs attack inference by a hybrid framework of Self-Organized Features Maps (SOFM) and the genetic algorithms (GA). The hybrid utilizes the unsupervised learning capabilities of the SOFM to define the MANETs neutrosophic conditional variables. The neutrosophic variables along with the training data set are fed into the genetic algorithm to find the most fit neutrosophic rule set from a number of initial subattacks according to the fitness function. This method is designed to detect unknown attacks in MANETs. The simulation and experimental results are conducted on the KDD-99 network attacks data available in the UCI machine-learning repository for further processing in knowledge discovery. The experiments cleared the feasibility of the proposed hybrid by an average accuracy of 99.3608 % which is more accurate than other IDS found in literature.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[36] viXra:1810.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 08:42:58

Laser for Satellite Navigation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 70 Pages.

Scientists from ITMO University developed a laser for precise measurement of the distance between the moon and Earth. [41] Physicists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have used common electronics to build a laser that pulses 100 times more often than conventional ultrafast lasers. [40] Scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin combined state-of-the-art experiments and numerical simulations to test a fundamental assumption underlying strong-field physics. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32]
Category: Quantum Physics

[35] viXra:1810.0040 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 10:29:12

Stoe Replaces Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

Authors: John Hodge
Comments: 7 Pages.

The need for a paradigm shift is growing. Many ad hoc models and outlandish speculations abound to model many unexplained observations. The Scalar Theory Of Everything (STOE) audacious claim of a new paradigm is supported by corresponding to relativity and quantum mechanics; by explaining many problematical observations; and by making and fulfilling several predictions. It posits 2 components of the universe emerge to form everything. It models the universe as composed of cells with Sources (spiral galaxies) and Sinks (elliptical galaxies and matter). It forms the Universal Equations, one equation to define the potential at all points and one equation that uses the potential to exert forces on matter. These equations are applied the microwave background temperature, rotation curves, asymmetric rotation curves, galaxy redshift and discrete redshift, the pioneer anomaly, light interference, etc. The wave model of light is rejected by 2 experiments predicted by the STOE. Maxwell's Equations are modified. Life and society application of the STOE principles is suggested.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[34] viXra:1810.0038 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 11:31:01

Topological Superconductivity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

Scientists of the University of Twente and the University of Amsterdam now demonstrate a new property: the non-superconducting material bismuth shows lossless current conduction. [30] A team of international scientists including Maia G. Vergniory, Ikerbasque researcher at DIPC and UPV/EHU associate, has discovered a new class of materials, higher-order topological insulators. [29] A team of researchers from Japan, the U.S. and China, has identified a topological superconducting phase for possible use in an iron-based material in quantum computers. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[33] viXra:1810.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 13:25:57

Full-Color Imaging

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 33 Pages.

Columbia Engineering researchers have created the first flat lens capable of correctly focusing a large range of colors of any polarization to the same focal spot without the need for any additional elements. [19] Discovered by Professor John Nye in Bristol over 35 years ago, polarisation singularities occur at points where the polarisation ellipse is circular, with other polarisations wrapping around them. In 3 dimensions, these singularities occur along lines, in this case creating knots. [18] The detectors created by ATI researchers are able to achieve high sensitivity levels that strongly compete with current technologies, while still operating at low voltages, as well as over the whole X-ray energy range spectrum. [17] There's nothing quite like an ice cream on a hot day, and eating it before it melts too much is part of the fun. [16] Studying the fleeting actions of electrons in organic materials will now be much easier, thanks to a new method for generating fast X-rays. [15] In a laboratory at the University of Rochester, researchers are using lasers to change the surface of metals in incredible ways, such as making them super water-repellent without the use of special coatings, paints, or solvents. [14] The interaction of high-power laser light sources with matter has given rise to numerous applications including; fast ion acceleration; intense X-ray, gamma-ray, positron and neutron generation; and fast-ignition-based laser fusion. [13] Conventional electron accelerators have become an indispensable tool in modern research. [12] An outstanding conundrum on what happens to the laser energy after beams are fired into plasma has been solved in newly-published research at the University of Strathclyde. [11] Researchers at Lund University and Louisiana State University have developed a tool that makes it possible to control extreme UV light-light with much shorter wavelengths than visible light. [10] Tiny micro-and nanoscale structures within a material's surface are invisible to the naked eye, but play a big role in determining a material's physical, chemical, and biomedical properties. [9]
Category: Quantum Physics

[32] viXra:1810.0036 [pdf] replaced on 2019-03-17 23:09:31

On a Possible Cause of Negative Sign of Gravitational Interaction Between Matter and Antimatter

Authors: Zbigniew Modrzejewski
Comments: 21 Pages. This is an open access scientific research paper distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY (4.0 International) license.

Based on the mass-energy equivalence from special theory of relativity, we conjecture simple and clear framework for the purpose of conceptualizing atomic mass generation mechanism for a single hydrogen atom. We then apply it to see if it would offer conclusive clarification of the issue of the sign of gravitational interaction between the Earth and antihydrogen atoms at CERN. Our testable prediction is that the interaction will be conclusively repulsive, i.e. of equal and opposite magnitude as compared to the attractive one. We are confident that, if experimentally verified, our conjecture has sufficient potential to result in a theoretical basis of the first experimentally testable quantum gravity hypothesis.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[31] viXra:1810.0035 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 23:48:46

Technische Anwendungen Zur Umwandlung Der Rotationsenergie Der Erde in Elektrische Energie in Theorie Und Praxis 3

Authors: Robert Stach
Comments: 19 Pages.

!#!COL!#! 2x 375 Aufgezeigt werden Möglichkeiten zur Umwandlung der Rotationsenergie der Erde in elektrische Energie. Es wird der Bezug dieser Anlagen zum Michelson- Experiment verdeutlicht, ebenso die sich daraus ergebenen Veränderungen für das 2. Postulat (Konstanz der Lichtgeschwindigkeit). Aufbauend auf den dargelegten physikalischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten erfolgt zum Ende des Manuskriptes die Einordnung der elektromagnetischen Strahlung in die bisherigen Theorien zur Dunklen Energie.
Category: Astrophysics

[30] viXra:1810.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 04:39:53

Brain-Inspired AI Architecture

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

IBM researchers are developing a new computer architecture, better equipped to handle increased data loads from artificial intelligence. [22] A computer built to mimic the brain's neural networks produces similar results to that of the best brain-simulation supercomputer software currently used for neural-signaling research, finds a new study published in the open-access journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[29] viXra:1810.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 05:10:20

Protective Thin Films for Metals

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

Corrosion is an age-old problem that is estimated to cost about $1 trillion a year, or about 5 percent of the U.S. gross domestic product. [29] Nürnberg (FAU) have proven that incoming light causes the electrons in warm perovskites to rotate, thus influencing the direction of the flow of electrical current. [28] Self-assembly and crystallisation of nanoparticles (NPs) is generally a complex process, based on the evaporation or precipitation of NP-building blocks. [27] New nanoparticle-based films that are more than 80 times thinner than a human hair may help to fill this need by providing materials that can holographically archive more than 1000 times more data than a DVD in a 10-by-10-centimeter piece of film. [26] Researches of scientists from South Ural State University are implemented within this area. [25] Following three years of extensive research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) physicist Dr. Uriel Levy and his team have created technology that will enable computers and all optic communication devices to run 100 times faster through terahertz microchips. [24] When the energy efficiency of electronics poses a challenge, magnetic materials may have a solution. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Condensed Matter

[28] viXra:1810.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-04 05:16:35

Eigenfrequency Determination of Biocells by a Multibioresonance Treatment Device

Authors: Un Sok Baek, Phyongchol Ri, Kwang Chol Jon, Chon Il Jo, Hi Hang An
Comments: 9 Pages.

Now a great interest has been attracted to the study on the physiological and the pathological eigenfrequency of the given biocell for bioresonance treatment. Until now few method for determining of eigenfrequency has been introduced, while some known eigenfrequencies are also considered to be different by each researcher. As shown in previous studies, under a certain external electromagnetic vibration, physiological eigenfrequency becomes larger while pathological eigenfrequency becomes smaller. Bioresonance treatment is just based on this simple principle. In this paper a method for determining the most important eigenfrequency of given biocell based on continuous variation of frequency has been presented, which can be effectively used in multi-bioresonance treatment equipments.
Category: Classical Physics

[27] viXra:1810.0030 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 07:12:23

Photo Proofs for the Social Services of Sivasamy Soundararajan

Authors: Sivasamy Soundararajan
Comments: 15 Pages. NA

In this posting, Photo proofs for the social services of Sivasamy Soundararajan has been given
Category: Social Science

[26] viXra:1810.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 07:53:04

Mercury Isotopes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

An unprecedented combination of experimental nuclear physics and theoretical and computational modelling techniques has been brought together to reveal the full extent of the odd-even shape staggering of exotic mercury isotopes, and explain how it happens. [28] Protons in neutron-rich nuclei have a higher average energy than previously thought, according to a new analysis of electron scattering data that was first collected in 2004. [27] Physics textbooks might have to be updated now that an international research team has found evidence of an unexpected transition in the structure of atomic nuclei. [26] The group led by Fabrizio Carbone at EPFL and international colleagues have used ultrafast transmission electron microscopy to take attosecond energy-momentum resolved snapshots (1 attosecond = 10-18 or quintillionths of a second) of a free-electron wave function. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[25] viXra:1810.0028 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-07 12:26:02

Two Ways to Distinguish One Inertial Frame from Another (No General Causality Without Superluminal Velocities)

Authors: Tamas Lajtner
Comments: 42 Pages.

According to physicists, the laws of physics don’t allow us to discern one inertial frame from another. It does allow. This study shows two ways to distinguish one inertial frame from another. Physics hasn’t defined what is space, what is matter, what is time. In this study (in Space-Matter Theory), space is what matter uses as space, regardless of its texture. Matter is what can exist as matter in the given space. Both matter and space have three spatial dimensions. When action and reaction occurs between matter and space, the result is time. Time appears as a given wave of space. No particle, no frame of reference can exist without generating space waves. A and B inertial frames of reference are not identical if e.g. two identical electrons (electronA and electronB) create different wavelengths of space waves. One way to distinguish one inertial frame from another is to calculate or measure the length of the wavelength of the space wave. Via tunneling, a particle (with or without mass) travels through the barrier with superluminal velocity. In this case the barrier is a “special” space made out of matter (matter-space), where the particle travels with c velocity. This velocity appears in our space as superluminal velocity. Saying this, there are more spaces and more times instead of one spacetime. The different spaces make changes in the particle, too. The particle builds its action out of Planck constants h, where h has two parts which depend on the velocity of the particle in the given space. So there is also a phenomenon in the matter that makes it possible to distinguish one inertial frame from another.
Category: Quantum Physics

[24] viXra:1810.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 10:13:29

Missing Dark Matter of Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

The results suggest that none of the universe's dark matter consists of heavy black holes, or any similar object, including massive compact halo objects, so-called MACHOs. [29] CfA astronomer Qirong Zhu led a group of four scientists investigating the possibility that today's dark matter is composed of primordial black holes, following up on previously published suggestions. If galaxy halos are made of black holes, they should have a different density distribution than halos made of exotic particles. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] " We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit. " [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22]
Category: Astrophysics

[23] viXra:1810.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 10:56:16

Supersymmetry Breaking

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

Supersymmetry predicts that two basic classes of fundamental particles, fermions and bosons, accompany each other in the same representation. [29] A fraction of a second after the Big Bang, a single unified force may have shattered. Scientists from the CDF and DZero Collaborations used data from the Fermilab Tevatron Collider to recreate the early universe conditions. [28] Now researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI have helped to better understand the first minutes of the universe: They collected artificially produced beryllium-7 and made it into a sample that could be investigated. [27] Researchers have developed a new way to improve our knowledge of the Big Bang by measuring radiation from its afterglow, called the cosmic microwave background radiation. [26] The group's results reinforce a disagreement over the value of the Hubble constant as measured directly and as calculated via observations of primordial radiation – a disparity, say the researchers, which likely points to new physics. [25] Neutron stars consist of the densest form of matter known: a neutron star the size of Los Angeles can weigh twice as much as our sun. [24] Supermassive black holes, which lurk at the heart of most galaxies, are often described as "beasts" or "monsters". [23] The nuclei of most galaxies host supermassive black holes containing millions to billions of solar-masses of material. [22] New research shows the first evidence of strong winds around black holes throughout bright outburst events when a black hole rapidly consumes mass. [21] Chris Packham, associate professor of physics and astronomy at The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), has collaborated on a new study that expands the scientific community's understanding of black holes in our galaxy and the magnetic fields that surround them. [20] In a paper published today in the journal Science, University of Florida scientists have discovered these tears in the fabric of the universe have significantly weaker magnetic fields than previously thought. [19]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[22] viXra:1810.0024 [pdf] replaced on 2020-07-31 12:00:39

Can the Gospels be Considered a Historical Document?

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 16 Pages. -

Gospels miracles from positions of modern science are considered. The translation of article from Russian into English is enclosed.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[21] viXra:1810.0023 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-10 09:47:15

Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponents and Lagrangian Coherent Structures in the Infinitesimal Integration Time Limit

Authors: Peter J. Nolan, Shane D. Ross
Comments: 42 Pages. This manuscript has been submitted for publication.

Lagrangian diagnostics, such as the finite-time Lyapunov exponent and Lagrangian coherent structures, have become popular tools for analyzing unsteady fluid flows. These diagnostics can help illuminate regions where particles transported by a flow will converge to and diverge from, even in a divergence-free flow. Unfortunately, calculating Lagrangian diagnostics can be time consuming and computationally expensive. Recently, new Eulerian diagnostics have been developed which provide similar insights into the Lagrangian transport properties of fluid flows. These new diagnostics are faster and less expensive to compute than their Lagrangian counterparts. Because Eulerian diagnostics of Lagrangian transport structure are relatively new, there is still much about their connection to Lagrangian diagnostics that is unknown. This paper provides a mathematical bridge between Lagrangian and Eulerian diagnostics. It rigorously explores the mathematical relationship that exists between invariants of the right Cauchy-Green deformation tensor and the Rivlin-Ericksen tensors, primarily the Eulerian rate-of-strain tensor, in the infinitesimal integration time limit. Additionally, this paper develops the infinitesimal-time Lagrangian coherent structures (iLCSs) and demonstrates their efficacy in predicting the Lagrangian transport of particles even in realistic geophysical fluid flows generated by numerical models.
Category: General Mathematics

[20] viXra:1810.0022 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 11:24:59

Lifetime Hierarchy of Subatomic Particles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

Researchers in the College of Arts and Sciences have determined that the lifetime of the so-called charmed omega—part of a family of subatomic particles called baryons—is nearly four times longer than previously thought. [27] Prof. Witek led a five-member group of physicists from Cracow searching for nonresonant decays of charmed baryon Lambda c in data collected in 2011 and 2012 by the international LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva. [26] The announcement was made during the CHARM 2018 international workshop in Novosibirsk in Russia: a charming moment for this doubly charmed particle. [25] The group, in work published in Physical Review Letters, has now used powerful theoretical and computational tools to predict the existence of a "most strange" dibaryon, made up of two "Omega baryons" that contain three strange quarks each. [24] The nuclear physicists found that the proton's building blocks, the quarks, are subjected to a pressure of 100 decillion Pascal (10 35) near the center of a proton, which is about 10 times greater than the pressure in the heart of a neutron star. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[19] viXra:1810.0020 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 12:42:47

Energy Mass Equivalence in Celestial Systems

Authors: Adham Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed
Comments: 1 Page.

E=mc^2 we could take this relation to celestial systems to know the energy of a system. to do this we can make the difference between mass of the star and mass of planet's difference as in this relation (m1-m2)c^2 where m1 is the mass of a the star and m2 is the mass of the planet and one of the c is equal to orbit speed + gravitational pull at one sec and the other c or the other speed of light is multiplied by the difference between the masses and that is equal to the quantity of time in seconds that the system is at existence
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[18] viXra:1810.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 14:36:12

Dynamics of the Solar Wind: Parker's Treatment and the Laws of Thermodynamics

Authors: Pierre-Marie Robitaille, Stephen J. Crothers
Comments: 8 Pages.

This is a copy of the slides which were presented at the Ohio Section Fall Meeting of the American Physical Society in Toledo, Ohio on September 29, 2018: http://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/OSF18/Session/E01.3
Category: Astrophysics

[17] viXra:1810.0018 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 16:30:39

VIKOR based MAGDM Strategy with Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Numbers

Authors: Surapati Pramanik, Rama Mallick
Comments: 13 Pages.

VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) is a popular strategy for multi- attribute decision making (MADM). We extend the VIKOR strategy for multi- attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in trapezoidal neutrosophic number environment. In decision making situation, the attribute values are expressed in terms of single-valued trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. Then we develop an extended VIKOR strategy to deal with MAGDM with single-valued trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. The influence of decision-making mechanism coefficient is presented. To illustrate and validate the proposed VIKOR strategy, we solve an illustrative numerical example of MAGDM problem in trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic number environment.
Category: General Mathematics

[16] viXra:1810.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 21:38:36

One Way Speed of Light Test – is it Possible?

Authors: Doug Marett
Comments: 7 Pages.

Einstein in 1905 introduced the constancy of the speed of light as a postulate, but in so doing removed the 19th century idea that the speed of light can be explained physically. So one might ask the question, why is the speed of light the speed that it is, and not something else? Einstein’s theory provides no answer for this question. As a philosophical exercise, we consider if relativity genuinely disproved the alternative hypothesis, that light can be modeled as a wave propagating through a medium that is static with respect to the universe. We further consider if this alternative model can remain consistent with the experimentally observed speed of light. We examine herein the mathematical arguments of Herbert Ives regarding slow clock transport with respect to such a hypothetical “preferred frame” for the velocity of light, and find that this leads to a prediction of clock biases which obfuscate any one-way speed of light differences expected from a Galilean addition of velocities. As such the Lorentzian model followed by Ives can be seen as equivalent to relativity, but differing in the conventions regarding the synchronization of clocks. Finally, we explore how clocks positioned in a static frame of reference might be used to make the anticipated one-way speed of light visible experimentally.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[15] viXra:1810.0016 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-30 00:19:15

《Universal and Unified Physics》

Authors: Wei Xu
Comments: 140 Pages.

For the first time in mankind, Theory of Unified and Universal Physics is philosophically and mathematically revealed the workings of Universal Topology and Laws of Conservations. The nature of YinYang dark energies unfolds its Event Operations systematically on the origin of physical states. These principles convey and unfold the laws of topological framework, universal equations, symmetric continuity, and asymmetric dynamics systematically at the remarks of the following groundbreakings:

  1. A duality of complex contravariant and covariant World Planes and Spacetime Manifolds
  2. Formulations of General World Equations and Universal Field Equations
  3. Constitution of Boost Transform and Torque Transport Generators
  4. Fluxions of quantum scalar and vector potential Entanglements
  5. Laws of Conservation of Superphase Evolution, of Photon and of Graviton Fields
  6. Symmetric Fields of Electromagnetism, GravitationThermodynamics, and Blackhole 
  7. Law of Field Evolutions - Double Loops of Triple Entanglements 
  8. Asymmetric Dynamics of Ontology and Cosmology

The application of an evolutionary process to contemporary theoretical physics therefore demonstrates a holistic picture of the principal equations, empirical assumptions, and essential artifacts. It prompts the entire discipline of physics, from Newtonian to spacetime relativity to quantum mechanics, to look back to the future: Virtumanity - Dialectical Nature of Virtual and Physical Duality.

Intuitively following the system of yinyang philosophy, this holistic theory is concisely accessible and replicable by readers with a basic background in mathematical derivation and theoretical physics. As a summary, This "Universal and Unified Physics" completes and unifies all of the principal equations, important assumptions, and essential laws, discovered and described by the classical and modern physics, and beyond. 


Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[14] viXra:1810.0015 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-03 03:00:44

A Minimum Rindler Horizon When Accelerating?

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 2 Pages.

When a particle is in constant acceleration, it has been suggested it has a Rindler horizon given by c^2/ a, where a is the proper acceleration. The Rindler event horizon tells us that we cannot receive information outside the horizon during the time period in which we are accelerating at this uniform rate. If we accelerate uniformly, sooner or later we will reach the speed of light, or at least very close to it. In this paper, we will look more closely at the Rindler horizon in relation to Haug’s newly-suggested maximum velocity for matter and see that there likely is a minimum Rindler horizon for a particle with mass that is accelerating; this minimum Rindler horizon may, in fact, be the Planck length.
Category: Quantum Physics

[13] viXra:1810.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 05:28:33

Physics of the Future. Chapter I. Mind Over Matter (In Rusian)

Authors: Michio Kaku.
Comments: 39 Pages. in Russian

According to the author, the term "ubiquitous computing" coined Mark Weiser to show the principles of human interaction with the environment endowed with signs of intelligence. This concept is basic in the description of the model of human interaction with the computer system, in which the user is surrounded by computing devices integrated into the everyday things of the environment. In contrast to virtual reality, where there is a virtual world that computer reflects for person - with ubiquitous computing computers are brought into the real world around the person. This world consists of many digital mini-assistants (intelligence environment). Thus, by ubiquitous computing understand computers in the human world, not the human world inside the computer.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[12] viXra:1810.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 07:19:49

Machine Learning Helps Photonic Applications

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 61 Pages.

Photonic nanostructures can be used for many applications besides solar cells—for example, optical sensors for cancer markers or other biomolecules. [36] Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have expansive applications in biotechnology and advanced engineering with growing interest in materials science and engineering due to their potential in emerging systems. [35] Researchers at Griffith University working with Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) have unveiled a stunningly accurate technique for scientific measurements which uses a single atom as the sensor, with sensitivity down to 100 zeptoNewtons. [34] Researchers at the Center for Quantum Nanoscience within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) have made a major breakthrough in controlling the quantum properties of single atoms. [33] A team of researchers from several institutions in Japan has described a physical system that can be described as existing above "absolute hot" and also below absolute zero. [32] A silicon-based quantum computing device could be closer than ever due to a new experimental device that demonstrates the potential to use light as a messenger to connect quantum bits of information—known as qubits—that are not immediately adjacent to each other. [31] Researchers at the University of Bristol's Quantum Engineering Technology Labs have demonstrated a new type of silicon chip that can help building and testing quantum computers and could find their way into your mobile phone to secure information. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[11] viXra:1810.0012 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 07:49:14

Defects Promise Quantum Communication

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 33 Pages.

These qubits are based on silicon carbide in which molybdenum impurities create color centers. [23] Scientists at Radboud University discovered a new mechanism for magnetic storage of information in the smallest unit of matter: a single atom. [22] One of these are single-atom magnets: storage devices consisting of individual atoms stuck ("adsorbed") on a surface, each atom able to store a single bit of data that can be written and read using quantum mechanics. [21] Physicists have experimentally demonstrated 18-qubit entanglement, which is the largest entangled state achieved so far with individual control of each qubit. [20] University of Adelaide-led research has moved the world one step closer to reliable, high-performance quantum computing. [19] A team of researchers with members from IBM Research-Zurich and RWTH Aachen University has announced the development of a new PCM (phase change memory) design that offers miniaturized memory cell volume down to three nanometers. [18] Monatomic glassy antimony might be used as a new type of single-element phase change memory. [17] Physicists have designed a 3-D quantum memory that addresses the tradeoff between achieving long storage times and fast readout times, while at the same time maintaining a compact form. [16] Quantum memories are devices that can store quantum information for a later time, which are usually implemented by storing and re-emitting photons with certain quantum states. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[10] viXra:1810.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 08:06:15

Space-Borne Quantum Secure Communication

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

Entangled photons generated by a spaceborne quantum source could enable hack-proof key exchange for ultra high security applications. [24] These qubits are based on silicon carbide in which molybdenum impurities create color centers. [23] Scientists at Radboud University discovered a new mechanism for magnetic storage of information in the smallest unit of matter: a single atom. [22] One of these are single-atom magnets: storage devices consisting of individual atoms stuck ("adsorbed") on a surface, each atom able to store a single bit of data that can be written and read using quantum mechanics. [21] Physicists have experimentally demonstrated 18-qubit entanglement, which is the largest entangled state achieved so far with individual control of each qubit. [20] University of Adelaide-led research has moved the world one step closer to reliable, high-performance quantum computing. [19] A team of researchers with members from IBM Research-Zurich and RWTH Aachen University has announced the development of a new PCM (phase change memory) design that offers miniaturized memory cell volume down to three nanometers. [18] Monatomic glassy antimony might be used as a new type of single-element phase change memory. [17] Physicists have designed a 3-D quantum memory that addresses the tradeoff between achieving long storage times and fast readout times, while at the same time maintaining a compact form. [16] Quantum memories are devices that can store quantum information for a later time, which are usually implemented by storing and re-emitting photons with certain quantum states. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14]
Category: Quantum Physics

[9] viXra:1810.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 08:48:16

Antarctica Don't Fit Standard Model

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 50 Pages.

A team of researchers at Penn State University has found new evidence that suggests some particles detected in Antarctica do not fit the Standard Model. [30] In a recent study, the CMS collaboration describes how it has sifted through data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to try and spot dark quarks. [29] Physicists in Italy are about to start up a new experiment designed to hunt for hypothetical particles such as the " dark photon " and carriers of a possible fifth force of nature. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] " We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit. " [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[8] viXra:1810.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 09:11:15

The Complex Clifford Algebra

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We define here a complex Clifford algebra by help of two intertwined (by a Heisenberg algebra) usual Clifford algebras. We deduce two Dirac operators.
Category: Algebra

[7] viXra:1810.0008 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 09:37:09

Atomic Quantum Information Carrier

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

For the first time, Kaiserslautern researchers were able to implant individual impurities formed by caesium atoms into an ultracold quantum gas of rubidium atoms in a controlled manner. [23] Scientists at Radboud University discovered a new mechanism for magnetic storage of information in the smallest unit of matter: a single atom. [22] One of these are single-atom magnets: storage devices consisting of individual atoms stuck ("adsorbed") on a surface, each atom able to store a single bit of data that can be written and read using quantum mechanics. [21] Physicists have experimentally demonstrated 18-qubit entanglement, which is the largest entangled state achieved so far with individual control of each qubit. [20] University of Adelaide-led research has moved the world one step closer to reliable, high-performance quantum computing. [19] A team of researchers with members from IBM Research-Zurich and RWTH Aachen University has announced the development of a new PCM (phase change memory) design that offers miniaturized memory cell volume down to three nanometers. [18] Monatomic glassy antimony might be used as a new type of single-element phase change memory. [17] Physicists have designed a 3-D quantum memory that addresses the tradeoff between achieving long storage times and fast readout times, while at the same time maintaining a compact form. [16] Quantum memories are devices that can store quantum information for a later time, which are usually implemented by storing and re-emitting photons with certain quantum states. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
Category: Quantum Physics

[6] viXra:1810.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 15:00:23

Friedmann Kinematic Viscosity V 3.0

Authors: David E. Fuller, Dahl Winters
Comments: 11 Pages.

Transitions from (Classical Friedmann Kinematic Viscosity) to (electron Compton Kinematic Viscosity) to (Planck Kinematic Viscosity)in a Ideal Fluid Under Pressure KronosPrime@outlook.com
Category: Quantum Physics

[5] viXra:1810.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 02:34:49

The Relativistic Mechanics of E=mc2 Fails

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 22 Pages.

The relativistic mechanics of contemporary physics does not have a defined unit of force. Its definition of force as F=d/dt(mv/√(1-v²/c²)) does not define a real standard unit of force. A Newtonian unit of force, e.g. the SI newton, may not be used in any of the relativistic formulas; it is a real unit of force only with Newtonian mechanics which observes Newton’s second law of motion as an axiom defining a unit of force as mass × acceleration. Without a unit of force, the application of the work-energy theorem produces only a formula that evaluates only to a pure number which has no association with any real unit of energy. All values of energy from relativistic mechanics are, therefore, fictitious. The implication is grave. The well known equation: E = mc² and the central identity of relativistic mechanics: E² = (pc)² + m²c⁴ are now invalidated. The quantum electrodynamics, the Standard Model of particle physics are now highly questionable. At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) of CERN where protons are propelled to near the speed of light, the purported energy of the relativistic protons is 6.5TeV, but the real value is only 470MeV - the reported energy being inflated by a factor of 15,000. The Kaufmann-Bucherer-Neumann experiments were not evidence for a mass varying with speed; they showed only a contradiction between the Lorentz force law with Newton’s force law. The correct conclusion is not a failure of invariant mass of Newtonian mechanics, but evidence of failure of the Lorentz force law at relativistic speed conditions. Nature does not seem to favor any relativistic mechanics. We may have to fall back on our old Newtonian mechanics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[4] viXra:1810.0004 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-08 13:34:11

1908 Bucherer Experiment And The Lorentz Force Law

Authors: chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 12 Pages. English; with Chinese translation

The Bucherer experiment of 1908 was not experimental proof of a relativistic mass varying with speed, but proof that electromagnetism and the Lorentz force law fail under relativistic speed conditions. Our conclusions come from a novel re-examination of the experiment based on three different interpretations of New ton’s second law as applied to the experiment and to analyze the implications for each of: (1) force∝dp/dt (2) force=relativistic_mass×acceleration (3) the classical f = ma The new interpretation now shows a constant charge-mass ratio for all relativistic speed; both charge and mass would be speed invariant. New relativistic force laws had to be proposed to be consistent with the experimental findings; the Lorentz force law is now: F = q((1+v²/c²)√(1-v²/c²) E + √(1-v⁴/c⁴) (v x B) ); the Coulomb’s law is: F = (1+v²/c²)√(1-v²/c²) (1/4πε₀)q₁q₂R/r²; The Coulomb’s law has an additional scalar factor dependent on the relative velocity between the charges; for small speed, the form is: F = (1+½v²/c²)(1/4πε₀)q₁q₂R/r²; This enables the formula for the force between parallel current-carrying conductors: F_dl = μ₀/(2πR)i₁i₂dl, be derived free of the concept of the magnetic field. A real possibility exists for a formulation of a revolutionary Newtonian electric theory free of magnetism and the Biot-Savart law.Also,the Bucherer experiment could have been an experimental verification of the relativistic Lorentz force law if the predicted speeds of the electrons had been verified through direct time-of-flight measurements.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[3] viXra:1810.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-02 02:56:40

Mass Energy Equivalence Not Experimentally Verified

Authors: Chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 9 Pages.

The notion of mass-energy equivalence and its mathematical expression through the famous equation E = mc² predates Einstein when he introduced special relativity in 1905. It has to be noted that E = mc² has no rigorous theoretical basis; it is only a pure hypothesis not related to any physical theory. The thesis of this paper is that there is no incontrovertible experimental verification of mass-energy equivalence. The Year_Of_Physics_2005 ‘Direct Test Of E = mc²’ published in Nature 2005 claims a verification of the equation to an accuracy of 0.00004%. The experimenters misunderstood the very nature of the experiment that they carried out. It was not a verification of E = mc², but just another experiment to deduce the mass of the neutron. To date,we have not measured the true mass of the neutron to any degree of accuracy; we only have a deduced estimate of the neutron mass based on the mass-energy equivalence of E = mc² .
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[2] viXra:1810.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 01:18:04

A Revolution in Water Science? Review of Revolutionary Themes in the Bulgaria Water Conference 2017

Authors: Andrew Holster
Comments: 73 Pages. This is a converted powerpoint presentation without the narration.

This is a review of revolutionary scientific themes promoted at the international water conference in 2017. This conference is held annually in Bulgaria and has been growing from 2005-2017. Three broad revolutionary themes are identified as paradigm-breaking theories of water structure, water memory, and water consciousness. Concepts are briefly summarized, and an attempt is made to evaluate progress and plausibility of claims. It is concluded that this conference indeed represents the focal point of a real scientific revolution in progress (as conference promoters claim). The quality of novel research presentations is high across areas of chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, and measurement and technology.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[1] viXra:1810.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2018-10-01 03:00:58

Soild Proofs for the Social Services of Sivasamy Soundararajan

Authors: Sivasamy Soundararajan
Comments: 45 Pages. NA

In this paper, some solid evidences for the social services carried out by ivasamy Soundararajan have been given.
Category: Social Science