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1712 Submissions

[563] viXra:1712.0679 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-31 06:29:29

A New Binomial Formula for the Sum of Two Powers

Authors: Julian Beauchamp
Comments: 1 Page.

In this paper, we reveal a new binomial formula that expresses the sum of, or difference between two powers, a^x \pm b^y, as a binomial expansion of a single power, z. Like the standard binomial formula it includes the normal binomial coefficients, factors and indices, but includes an additional non-standard factor. The new formula (with an upper index z) mimics a standard binomial formula (to the power z) without the value of the binomial expansion changing even when z itself changes. This has exciting implications for certain diophantine equations. This short paper simply highlights its existence.
Category: Number Theory

[562] viXra:1712.0678 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-31 08:04:44

Cable Dragging Horizontal Takeoff Spacecraft Air Launch System

Authors: Zhixian Lin
Comments: 4 Pages.

This paper proposed an Air Launch System which uses cables with auxiliary wing to drag spacecraft into upper air. This launch system can make air launch more effective and easier, and the launch devices can be recyclable and reusable. It is a potential and easy way to reduce the cost of space launch.
Category: Astrophysics

[561] viXra:1712.0677 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-31 15:07:39

The Fractal Generator of Spacetimes

Authors: Luis Sancho
Comments: 74 Pages. Most recent version of my research in 5D space-time

The Universe is a fractal of 5 Dimensions of space-time that reproduces information and then self-organizes networks and systems that evolve into superorganisms in all scales of reality. The metric equation of the fifth dimension of space-time is simple as all space-time metric are: S (size in space) x T (speed of time clocks) = Constant. So smaller parts have more speed of time clocks which carry its in-form-ation in the form and frequency of its cycles, coding larger systems: genes code cells, memes code social organisms and particles' quantum numbers code physical systems. But larger forms have more spatial energy and enclose and control in synchronicity its faster smaller parts, creating the co-existing scales and symbiotic cycles of super organisms in any 'stience' of space time organisms. It also allows systems to travel through its scales by growing in size, while diminishing in time speed, as we do from birth as a fast reproducing seminal cell which emerges with slower clocks as an organism, part of a superorganism, mother earth, which has even slower geological cycles
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[560] viXra:1712.0676 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-31 15:37:31

"Do Ion Channels Spin?" Update

Authors: Robert S. Shaw
Comments: 14 Pages.

The idea that ion channel proteins physically rotate to enhance ion flow through the membrane is reviewed, in light of recent experimental results. Although there is still no definite answer to the question presented in the title, some recent work can be interpreted as supporting this notion. As a bonus, we present a general theory of anesthesia. Anesthetics, and alcohol, are dissolved in the membrane lipids, and (perhaps) do not directly bind to ion channels or pores. Instead, they change the properties of the surrounding lipids, thus compromising the rotations of the pores, and producing the anesthetic effects.
Category: Physics of Biology

[559] viXra:1712.0675 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-01 18:14:04

The 'future' 2018 Crash of Currencies Followed by an Age of Wars

Authors: Luis Sancho
Comments: 34 Pages. replaced, shorter, clearer, 1st january 2018

The 72 year cycle of global financial crashes is caused by new informative machines that overproduce digital money - stock paper, ticker electric money and e-money. As such they have a short 9 year product cycle of overproduction: 1848-57-64+72 train stock crashes->1921-29-37 electric crashes+72->2001-08-18 e-money crashes. Why 3? Because digital overproduced money is worthless, so speculators change it for the only 3 items of massive 'real value': real stocks, real state and real currency, inflating their price and crashing them:i.e. 1921 pound crash, 29-stocks,37 Ny real state; 2001-dotcom bubble, 2008-mortgages,2018bitcoin&$ then the only way to keep 'selling money' is war debt loans and arsenals of max. price=profit. So after those 3 crashes the world enters in Global war: 1860s-90s civil wars, unification wars, colonial wars fought with trains/steamers, 1936-53 wars fought with electrochemical engines (bombers, tanks). Hence: 2020-50s robotic wars. Problem is as stocks measure reproduction of machines-weapons their value in war age measures 'corpses'. ie. 1860s stocks 2 Dow jones, 700.000 victims train wars->1940s dow at 200, one hundred folding value and victims: 70 million. Now dow at 20 thousand, hence potential victims in robotic wars 7 billion all of mankind. Thus the system of printing money MUST change and be issued for welfare, Butter not Canons... www.economicstruth.com
Category: Economics and Finance

[558] viXra:1712.0673 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-07 08:29:27

About Some Conventions in Mechanics

Authors: Sergey V. Shevchenko, Vladimir V. Tokarevsky
Comments: A little upgraded version V1 and now contains two versions: Engl., pages 1-13; and Rus. Pages 14-28

In this paper the “conventions problem” in physics is considered, first of all in application to mechanics . Key words: Space, Time, mechanics, Lorentz transformations, relativity theories, conventions
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[557] viXra:1712.0672 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-03 21:59:20

Sphere Theory May Describe Dark Energy

Authors: Michael John Sarnowski
Comments: 3 Pages.

Dark Energy seems to be mysterious. The Universe, it is said is made mainly of Baryonic Matter, Dark Matter, and Dark Energy. There are also the neutrinos and radiation. There is the critical density calculated from General Relativity, The ‘critical density’ is the average density of matter required for the Universe to just halt its expansion, but only after an infinite time. A Universe with the critical density is said to be flat.(1). Assuming that the standard model of cosmology is correct, the best current measurements indicate that dark energy contributes 68.3 % of the total energy in the present-day observable universe. The mass–energy of dark matter and ordinary (baryonic) matter contribute 26.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and other components such as neutrinos and photons contribute a very small amount. (2, 3, 4, 5). This paper proposes and shows evidence for a spherical universe of finite size. That dark energy may be 66.37 % of the total energy/mass of the universe.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[556] viXra:1712.0671 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-30 15:08:58

Correcting the False Worldview of Chondrites with Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages.

Chondrites in the year 2017 are still accepted and interpreted as being formed from dust in the early solar system just as they were in 1987, before the age of Astrons and before stellar metamorphosis theory was developed (the author was only 2 years old). The replacement interpretation is presented and shows the reader where mainstream science went wrong, and where alternative science is correct.
Category: Astrophysics

[555] viXra:1712.0670 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-30 17:09:55

The Time Asymmetry of Quantum Mechanics and Concepts of Physical Directionality of Time. Part 1. T Asymmetry of Quantum Probability Laws.

Authors: Andrew Thomas Holster
Comments: 29 Pages.

This is Part 1 of a four part paper, intended to redress some of the most fundamental confusions in the subject of physical time directionality, and represent the concepts accurately. There are widespread fallacies in the subject that need to be corrected in introductory courses for physics students and philosophers. Parts 1 and 2 are about quantum mechanics, Part 3 is about fundamental concepts, and Part 4 is about cosmology. We start in Part 1 by analysing the time reversal symmetry of quantum probability laws. Time reversal symmetry is defined as the property of invariance under the time reversal transformation, T: t -> -t. It is shown that quantum mechanics (classical or relativistic) is strongly time asymmetric in its probability laws. This contradicts the orthodox analysis, found throughout the conventional literature on physical time, which claims that quantum mechanics is time symmetric or reversible. This is widely claimed as settled scientific fact, and large philosophical and scientific conclusions are drawn from it. But it is an error. The fact is that while quantum mechanics is widely claimed to be reversible on the basis of two formal mathematical properties (that it does have), these properties do not represent invariance under the time reversal transformation. A recent experiment (Batalhão at alia, 2015) showing irreversibility of quantum thermodynamics is discussed as an illustration of this result. Most physicists remain unaware of the errors, decades after they were first demonstrated. Orthodox specialists in the philosophy of time who are aware of the error continue to refer to the ‘time symmetry’ or ‘reversibility’ of quantum mechanics anyway – and exploit the ambiguity to claim false implications about physical time reversal symmetry in nature. The excuse for perpetrating the confusion is that, since it is has now become customary to refer to the formal properties of quantum mechanics as ‘reversibility’ or ‘time reversal symmetry’, we should just keep referring to them by this name, even though they are not time reversal symmetry. This causes endless confusion, in attempts to explain the physical irreversibility of our universe, and in philosophical discussions of implications of physics for the nature of time. The failure of time reversal symmetry in quantum mechanics changes the interpretation of modern physics in a deep way. It changes the problem of explaining the real irreversibility found throughout nature.
Category: Quantum Physics

[554] viXra:1712.0669 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-30 17:43:18

Taken ABaCk by Conjecturing Out-of-Box

Authors: Arthur Shevenyonov
Comments: 17 Pages. ABC conjecture

ABC conjecture and beyond, with cross-operational linkage hinting at broader convergence
Category: Number Theory

[553] viXra:1712.0668 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-31 00:12:23

Charge Difference Theory of Consciousness

Authors: A. Hardy
Comments: 2 Pages.

Consciousness is brain activity. The brain takes in information from the environment through the senses and computes it via the firing of neurons. Qualia is everything we perceive. A charge difference is the information in the brain. We suggest that it is this, in vast networks of neurons, which has phenomenological character of qualia.
Category: Mind Science

[552] viXra:1712.0666 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 12:48:01

Theoretical Interpretation of Quantum Chemistry

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

Researchers at The University of New Mexico, led by Distinguished Professor of Chemistry Hua Guo, have been working with experimentalists to help them gain an understanding by providing theoretical interpretations of experimental observations. Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology and their team involving researchers of JASRI, Osaka University, Nagoya Institute of Technology and Nara Institute of Science and Technology have just developed a novel approach to determine and visualize the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of individual dopant atoms using SPring-8. [13] To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron’s spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[551] viXra:1712.0665 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 14:17:56

An Energy low Diagram for an HCE8S Universe

Authors: George R. Briggs
Comments: 3 Pages.

Abstract: The forward-time, reverse-time energy cycle of the 9th cycle of an HCE8S universe for a full loop of the cycle is shown
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[550] viXra:1712.0664 [pdf] replaced on 2018-02-11 13:23:56

Electron Toroidal Moment

Authors: Oliver Consa
Comments: 6 Pages. latex version

This Toroidal Solenoid Electron model describe the electron as an infinitesimal electric charge moving at the speed of light along a helical path. From this semiclassical model, we can derive all the electron characteristics as the electron magnetic moment, the g-factor, its natural frequency, the value of Quantum Hall Resistance and the value of the Magnetic Flux Quantum. In this new work, we obtain other features such as the helicity, the chirality, the Schwinger limits and, especially, the Toroidal Moment of the electron. The experimental detection of the Toroidal Moment of the electron could be used to validate this model. The toroidal moment of the electron is a direct consequence of Helical Solenoid Electrón model and it is calculated qualitatively and quantitatively. This feature of the electron (and any other subatomic particle) is not contained in the standard model, but appears as a requirement to explain the violation of the parity symmetry of the subatomic particles. The existence of a toroidal moment has been experimentally verified in nuclei of heavy atoms and also serves as basis to explain the dark matter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[549] viXra:1712.0663 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 15:54:44

Gravity as a Coupling of Two Electromagnetic Fields

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this work we discuss the possibility to formulate gravity as a coupling of two electromagnetic fields of equal magnitude but opposite direction.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[548] viXra:1712.0662 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 15:51:45

The Chameleon Effect, the Binomial Theorem and Beal's Conjecture

Authors: Julian Beauchamp
Comments: 9 Pages.

In psychology, the Chameleon Effect describes how an animal's behaviour can adapt to, or mimic, its environment through non-conscious mimicry. In the first part of this paper, we show how $a^x - b^y$ can be expressed as a binomial expansion (with an upper index, $z$) that, like a chameleon, mimics a standard binomial formula (to the power $z$) without its own value changing even when $z$ itself changes. In the second part we will show how this leads to a proof for the Beal Conjecture. We finish by outlining how this method can be applied to a more generalised form of the equation.
Category: Number Theory

[547] viXra:1712.0661 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 23:57:59

A Look Through Globalism in Japan and South Korea

Authors: Seungmin Song
Comments: 17 Pages. This paper was written for self-satisfactory purpose, not for a specific project.

For South Korea, globalization started to take a significant role after the end of Korean war. Even though there are records of international trade during the “Koryo” period and a process of Westernization with the impact of Japan’s Globalization during the Japanese Occupation, it was nearly resetted by the devastating effects of the War. As South Korea required a big shift after massive destruction during the war, the country started planning on earning international monetary in order to develop economically. Globalization of the country was the fundamental process for Korea’s fast development in the past 50 years. Japan, on the other hand, had a more gradual process through globalism. The first trade between Japan and Western countries took place in 1543, where they shared religion, economic styles, and their products. With no major barrier against the process of globalization like Korea, they have developed through a considerable amount of time with globalism that they were able to secure their own cultures without altering it with a dramatic drift through globalization. Japan also have a history for showing dominant nationalism through the event of World War 2. With its emphasis in strict nationalism impacted the way they developed their own globalization in their country.
Category: Economics and Finance

[546] viXra:1712.0660 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 05:27:48

The Last Theorem of Fermat. Correct Proof

Authors: Victor Sorokine
Comments: 3 Pages.

The proof is based on studying digits in the endings of different numbers in Fermat's equation.
Category: Number Theory

[545] viXra:1712.0659 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 06:21:14

TDBF: Two Dimensional Belief Function

Authors: Yangxue Li; Yong Deng
Comments: 15 Pages.

How to efficiently handle uncertain information is still an open issue. Inthis paper, a new method to deal with uncertain information, named as two dimensional belief function (TDBF), is presented. A TDBF has two components, T=(mA,mB). The first component, mA, is a classical belief function. The second component, mB, also is a classical belief function, but it is a measure of reliability of the first component. The definition of TDBF and the discounting algorithm are proposed. Compared with the classical discounting model, the proposed TDBF is more flexible and reasonable. Numerical examples are used to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[544] viXra:1712.0658 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 06:42:48

Relation Between the Gravitational and Magnetic Fields

Authors: Jose Garrigues Baixauli
Comments: pages 8, figures 4, J Phys Math 7: 169. (2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2090-0902.1000169 Book: Classic 4D Model Of the Discrete Universe I: Quantum Chapter 11, pages 99-102 Scholar Press (2017) Copyright: © 2016 Baixauli JG. This is an open-access

Quantum and relativistic phenomena can be explained by the hypothesis that both the universe and the elementary particles are formed by atoms’ four spatial dimensions. It is also possible to deduce and calculate properties of elementary particles, such as mass, electric charge, spin, radio, etc. Based on this hypothesis, the fundamental constants can be calculated depending only on the speed of light c. Moreover, the Schrodinger equation can be deduced and the equality of inertial and gravitational mass can be demonstrated. The aim of this article is to establish a relationship between electron mass and electron charge, and thereby calculate the electrical charge depending on the mass of the electron, Planck's constant h and the speed of light c. Through this relationship, extended to the gravitational and magnetic fields, it is possible to establish a relationship between the constants of both fields.
Category: Classical Physics

[543] viXra:1712.0656 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 08:47:39

Classify Positive Integers to Prove Collatz Conjecture by Mathematical Induction (Revised Version)

Authors: Zhang Tianshu
Comments: 24 Pages.

Positive integers which are able to be operated to 1 by the leftwards operational rule and generating positive integers which start with 1 to operate by the rightwards operational rule are one-to-one correspondence and the same. So, we refer to the bunch of integers’ chains to apply the mathematical induction, next classify positive integers to get comparable results via operations, such that finally summarize out a proof at substep according to beforehand prepared two theorems as judgmental criteria.
Category: Number Theory

[542] viXra:1712.0653 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-29 12:07:03

The Last Theorem of Fermat. Correct Proof (Russian)

Authors: Victor Sorokine
Comments: 2 Pages. Russian version

We study the digits at the end of different numbers in the Fermat's Equality, and arrive to a contradiction.
Category: Number Theory

[541] viXra:1712.0651 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 20:50:03

Arbitrary Space

Authors: Emil Gigov
Comments: 1 Page.

The well-known Lorentz transformations are controversial and misunderstood.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[540] viXra:1712.0650 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 22:53:22

An Investigation of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment to Modulate the Immunomodulatory Effect of Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations are used world-wide for various therapeutic purposes. More than 80% of the world population relies on natural herbal and mineral remedies as medicines for their health care. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was created, consisting of the herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of the Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The immunomodulatory effect of the Biofield Energy Treated and the untreated test formulations were studied to determine any alterations in the animal humoral immune response, paw volume, hematological study, serum biochemistry parameters, animal weight parameters, feed intake and histopathology analysis. Humoral immune response data of the reference standard (levamisole) showed a significant increase in secondary antibody titre value (p≤0.05), while the Biofield Treated test formulation group (G3) exhibited a significant increase in the secondary antibody titre by 115.34% compared with the disease control group (G2). A delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction showed that the paw volume was significantly decreased by 114.28% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) with respect to the G2 group. The platelets count was increased by 61.55% in the Biofield Treated test formulation group (G3) compared to the G2 group. Moreover, the administration of the Biofield Treated herbomineral formulation (G3) group exhibited a decrease in the level of creatinine (9.62%), and uric acid (14.40%), while the level of potassium ion concentration was incresaed by 77.43% compared to the G2 group. Further, the change in body weight, feed consumption, organ to body weight ratio data, and histopathology examination did not suggest any statistical difference, which depicts that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation was found to be safe. Overall, The Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) significantly modulates the immunological parameters of the herbomineral formulation compared with the untreated test formulation. These data suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases along with stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[539] viXra:1712.0649 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 22:54:21

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Properties After Oral Administration of Biofield Energy Treated Test Formulation in Sprague Dawley Rats: Influence of the Trivedi Effect®

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 9 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of an essential ingredients viz. an herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Energy of Consciousness Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Additionally, one group of animals was also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) by Biofield Energy Healers under similar conditions. The immunological parameters viz. humoral immune analysis, paw volume, hematological study, biochemistry, body weight, feed and water intake, and histopathology analysis were performed in this experiment. The humoral immune response data showed the secondary antibody titre was significantly increased by 112.50% and 87.50% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4) and untreated test formulation group (G5) compared to the disease control group (G2). The results of delayed type hypersensitivity showed significant increased the paw volume by 111.76%, 51.45%, 100%, and 64.80% in the G4, G5, Biofield Energy Treatment group per se at day -15 (G6) and Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at day -15 (G7) groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. The platelet count was significantly increased by 37.72%, 8.69%, 16.30% and 33.11% in the G4, G5, G6, and G7 groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. The level of blood urea nitrogen was significantly decreased by 14.01% in the G4 group compared to the disease control. Moreover, the concentration of uric acid was significantly reduced by 28.97% in the G7 group compared to the G2 group. Animal weight parameters suggested that there were no treatment-related changes in any group. Organ to body weight ratio, feed and water intake data described that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation was found to be safe without any side-effect during the course of the experiment. Overall, results suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[538] viXra:1712.0648 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 22:55:16

Immunomodulatory Activity of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation in Sprague Dawley Rats: Evidence for Humoral and Cell-Mediated Responses

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations are used extensively in the world-wide for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of disorders. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The experimental parameters studies were humoral immune response (primary and secondary titre), delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, animal weight parameters, feed and water intake, histopathology, hematological and serum biochemistry. The humoral immune response exhibited that both the primary and secondary hemagglutination (HA) antibody titre levels were significantly altered by 14.79% and 12.89%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 55.56% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The hematological results revealed that the platelet count was significantly increased by 8.46% in the G4 group with respect to the G2 group. Moreover, the level of phosphorus was significantly increased by 11.16% and 16.35% in the levamisole (G3) and G4 groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. In conclusion, the Biofield Energy Treated Test Formulation would be the powerful immunomodulatory product, which was found safe at the tested doses. Therefore, The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation can be applied to potentiate the immune system that helps to fight against many infectious diseases. Overall, these data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[537] viXra:1712.0647 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 23:25:34

A Total Uncertainty Measure for D Numbers Based on Belief Intervals

Authors: Xinyang Deng, Wen Jiang
Comments: 14 Pages.

As a generalization of Dempster-Shafer theory, the theory of D numbers is a new theoretical framework for uncertainty reasoning. Measuring the uncertainty of knowledge or information represented by D numbers is an unsolved issue in that theory. In this paper, inspired by distance based uncertainty measures for Dempster-Shafer theory, a total uncertainty measure for a D number is proposed based on its belief intervals. The proposed total uncertainty measure can simultaneously capture the discord, and non-specificity, and non-exclusiveness involved in D numbers. And some basic properties of this total uncertainty measure, including range, monotonicity, generalized set consistency, are also presented.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[536] viXra:1712.0646 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 23:39:00

Einstein’s Train…Derailed! The Light Clock…Smashed!

Authors: Robert Bennett
Comments: 5 Pages.

ALFA theory has been tested successfully against many classic motion problems in physics—from Newton’s Bucket to Ruyong Wang’s FOC. Here we pick up the story by applying ALFA to the train gedanken experiment and then the light clock device of rel-ativity, with the same results as before. A practical implementation of the light clock is suggested to validate claims made herein. The analysis again supports a mobile aether that can be dragged along by ambient matter motion and a laboratory frame anywhere on the ground that can—and must—serve as an absolute frame, if the physics laws of motion are to be covariant. It’s strange that the effect of a wind vector on sound speed is well known to be ; yet the same effects—like Doppler shifts and time de-lays—are seen when …and ignored or rejected.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[535] viXra:1712.0645 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 05:12:45

Verification of the Non-Existent of Charge by Experiment

Authors: Fan Wei
Comments: 4 Pages.

The latest experiment implies the non-existent of charge, which is against the widely accepted common sense. The history of physics is going to be changed.
Category: Classical Physics

[534] viXra:1712.0644 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 04:58:57

Gravitational Field is Gravitons

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 92 Pages. © 2015 Adrian Ferent

“Gravitational field is Gravitons” Adrian Ferent “Gravitational field is a discrete function” Adrian Ferent Gravitational field is not continuous and differentiable function. The momentum of the graviton is negative p = - m × v. “Gravitons have negative energy E = a × f and the speed higher than the speed of light” Adrian Ferent You learned from your professors, from your books that a gravitational field is a model used to explain the influence of a mass into space. You learned about couple gravitational fields, using PDEs (conditions of continuity and differentiability). More complicated are the equations, more impressive is the theory for those who do not understand gravitations. Writing wrong and useless equations related to Einstein’s wrong gravitation theory was the job for the scientists in the last 100 years. In classical mechanics the gravitational field is the negative gradient of the gravitational potential. Einstein did not understand gravity and reinterpreted gravity not as a force pulling on objects but as a curvature of spacetime; Einstein's field equations. Quantum theories of gravity like String theory, LQG… try to reconcile general relativity with the principles of quantum mechanics. Because Einstein gravitation theory is wrong, quantum theories of gravity like String theory, LQG…are wrong theories. Einstein did not receive the Nobel Prize for his theory, but they received in 2017 the Nobel Prize for detection of gravitational waves, predicted by Einstein’s theory. LIGO announced the first-ever direct detection of gravitational waves. “Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist, how they can detect them?” Adrian Ferent As a consequence of Einstein wrong gravitation theory, the physicists explained how they can travel trough a black hole, trough a wormhole. “A black hole attracts with greater force a planet, than the planet attracts the black hole” Adrian Ferent This means: “Newton's third law is wrong” Adrian Ferent
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[533] viXra:1712.0643 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 07:33:23

Viewing Atomic Structures

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology and their team involving researchers of JASRI, Osaka University, Nagoya Institute of Technology and Nara Institute of Science and Technology have just developed a novel approach to determine and visualize the three-dimensional (3-D) structure of individual dopant atoms using SPring-8. [13] To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron’s spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[532] viXra:1712.0642 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-23 22:13:50

Estimation of the Earth's "Unperturbed" Perihelion from Times of Solstices and Equinoxes

Authors: James A. Smith
Comments: 13 Pages.

Published times of the Earth's perihelions do not refer to the perihelions of the orbit that the Earth would follow if unaffected by other bodies such as the Moon. To estimate the timing of that ``unperturbed" perihelion, we fit an unperturbed Kepler orbit to the timings of the year 2017's equinoxes and solstices. We find that the unperturbed 2017 perihelion, defined in that way, would occur 12.93 days after the December 2016 solstice. Using that result, calculated times of the year 2017's solstices and equinoxes differ from published values by less than five minutes. That degree of accuracy is sufficient for the intended use of the result.
Category: Geometry

[531] viXra:1712.0641 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 10:19:41

Alternate Proof for Zeta(n>1) is Irrational

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 2 Pages. You may need to read Visualizing Zeta(n>1) and Proving its Irrationality by the same author.

This is an alternative proof that zeta(n>1) is irrational. It uses nested intervals and Cantor's Nested Interval Theorem. It is a follow up for the article Visualizing Zeta(n>1) and Proving its Irrationality.
Category: Number Theory

[530] viXra:1712.0640 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 10:35:42

Chemically Primitive Dwarf Star

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

Spanish astronomers have identified a new carbon-rich ultra metal-poor unevolved star in the halo of the Milky Way galaxy. [16] A surprising new class of X-ray pulsating variable stars has been discovered by a team of American and Canadian astronomers led by Villanova University's Scott Engle and Edward Guinan. [15] Late last year, an international team including researchers from the Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics (KIAA) at Peking University announced the discovery of more than 60 extremely distant quasars, nearly doubling the number known to science-and thus providing dozens of new opportunities to look deep into our universe's history. [14] Fuzzy pulsars orbiting black holes could unmask quantum gravity. [13] Cosmologists trying to understand how to unite the two pillars of modern science – quantum physics and gravity – have found a new way to make robust predictions about the effect of quantum fluctuations on primordial density waves, ripples in the fabric of space and time. [12] Physicists have performed a test designed to investigate the effects of the expansion of the universe—hoping to answer questions such as "does the expansion of the universe affect laboratory experiments?", "might this expansion change the lengths of solid objects and the time measured by atomic clocks differently, in violation of Einstein's equivalence principle?", and "does spacetime have a foam-like structure that slightly changes the speed of photons over time?", an idea that could shed light on the connection between general relativity and quantum gravity. [11] Einstein's equivalence principle states that an object in gravitational free fall is physically equivalent to an object that is accelerating with the same amount of force in the absence of gravity. This principle lies at the heart of general relativity and has been experimentally tested many times. Now in a new paper, scientists have experimentally demonstrated a conceptually new way to test the equivalence principle that could detect the effects of a relatively new concept called spin-gravity coupling. [10] A recent peer-reviewed paper by physicist James Franson from the University of Maryland in the US has initiated a stir among physics community. Issued in the New Journal of Physics, the paper points to evidence proposing that the speed of light as defined by the theory of general relativity, is slower than originally thought. [9] Gravitational time dilation causes decoherence of composite quantum systems. Even if gravitons are there, it's probable that we would never be able to perceive them. Perhaps, assuming they continue inside a robust model of quantum gravity, there may be secondary ways of proving their actuality. [7] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory.
Category: Astrophysics

[529] viXra:1712.0639 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 12:06:06

Mass and Ground State Energy of the Oscillator of a Black Body and the Lowest Radiation Temperature

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 3 Pages.

According to the Planck’s theory of black body radiation, a black body is a collection of oscillators which are responsible for its radiation. There are no results available in the literature about the mass and vibrational ground state energy of the oscillator. In the present research, ground state energy and mass of the oscillator are calculated from Planck’s theory of black body radiation and de Broglie’s wave particle duality relation. It is observed that the mass of the oscillator is 1.6 × 10^{−39} kg and vibrational ground state energy is 3.587 × 10^{−23} J subject to the constraint that the minimum temperature for radiation of a black body is 2.598K.
Category: Classical Physics

[528] viXra:1712.0638 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 15:12:41

All Special Relativity Equations Obtained with Galilean Transformation

Authors: Sergio Garcia Chimeno
Comments: 7 Pages. Comments welcome

Demonstration how to do the light velocity c it to be the same independently of the velocity of observer and obtain the mass-energy equivalence E=mc^2 using the Galilean transformations and the 4 dimensions zoom-universe model characteristics. Demonstration how to interpret it the time dilation/length contraction typical of the special relativity using the Galilean transformations and the 4 dimensions zoom-universe model characteristics. Demonstration how to obtain the typical waves equation with transmission velocity c and how to obtain it through the medium for transmission of light given by the zoom-universe model.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[527] viXra:1712.0637 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-11 06:16:31

The Canonical Commutation Relation is Unitary Due to Scaling Between Complementary Variables

Authors: Steve faulkner
Comments: 5 Pages.

Abstract
Abstract Textbook theory says that the Canonical Commutation Relation derives from the homogeneity of space. This paper shows that the Canonical Commutation Relation does not derive from homogeneity of space or the homogeneity symmetry itself, but derives from a duality viewpoint of homogeneity, seen both from the viewpoint of position space, and from the viewpoint of momentum space, combined. Additionally, a specific particular fixed scale factor, relating position space with momentum space is necessary. It is this additional scaling information which enables complementarity between the system variables and makes the system unitary. Without this particular scaling, the Canonical Commutation Relation is left non-unitary and broken. Indeed, unitarity is separate information, unconnected and logically independent of the quantum system's underlying symmetry. This single counter-example contradicts the current consensus that foundational symmetries, underlying quantum systems, are ontologically, intrinsically and unavoidably unitary. And thus removes ‘unitary ontology’, as reason, for axiomatically imposing unitarity (or self-adjointness) — by Postulate — on quantum mechanical systems.

Keywords
foundations of quantum theory, quantum mechanics, wave mechanics, Canonical Commutation Relation, symmetry, homogeneity of space, unitary.
Category: Quantum Physics

[526] viXra:1712.0636 [pdf] replaced on 2019-10-11 16:00:39

Union of Two Arithmetic Sequences - Basic Calculation Formula (1)

Authors: Waldemar Zieliński
Comments: 8 Pages.

Let A, B denote arithmetic progressions with initial terms equal to 0. The union of A, B is sequence U, containing all elements of A, B without repetitions. We will derive the formula for the n-th element of the union U(A,B)=(u_n) in the form: u_n=f(n,a,b). The continuations of this paper are available in: http://vixra.org/author/waldemar_zielinski
Category: General Mathematics

[525] viXra:1712.0634 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 22:03:29

Anatomy of Radiation And Propagation

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

We hear the word radiation often. We see waves revealed by water, and air wave above hot surface. We feel the air (wind) and hear it's motion (sound), even see the supersonic shack wave of air.  How particle, wave, radiant energy, or EMR is different from perceivable world in our day to day life? Shouldn't there be fundamental principles that governing the action of matter and it's interaction with it's environment?

Even a lone particle stands out from it's background. Any object broadcasts it's existence, from insignificant to strong, simple to complex. It will never stop regardless it is observable to us or not. Action of object casts force (energy) into the environment. It can be contact force that requires media to spread, or action-at-a-distance force that does not. Energy is passed onto next neighbors and spread out. The collected interactions of neighbors will be in the form of waves. It is the fundamental activity of action-reaction-interaction of an object and environment.

Oscillating piano string with hummer, it makes sound and heat. Dust or water droplets on th string will be shook off. Oscillating it with electricity, it produces heat and light. Particles are radiated when oscillated in high energy. Certainly, the structure of the string will not survive long in such intense. Comparing to what the Sun is doing, do you see the similarity?  Isn't the Sun is oscillating at the intense of destruction?


Category: Classical Physics

[524] viXra:1712.0633 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 22:57:24

On the Importance of Through Spell-Checking in Short Text Based Communication

Authors: Anton Nikitin
Comments: 3 Pages.

Correct spelling is key in human communication as it ensures messages are transmitted with the correct meaning and without ambiguity. Twitter as a social platform has been invaluable in allowing many users to reach out to the wider internet community in order to allow them to gain deeper insights into their lives, this means it is more critical than ever to ensure these messages are communicated in a syntactically correct way. This paper critically analyses why this is required and the consequences when it goes wrong.
Category: Education and Didactics

[523] viXra:1712.0632 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:28:51

Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Parameters in Female Sprague Dawley Rats after Oral Administration of the Biofield Energy Healing Treated Herbomineral Formulation

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

The use of herbomineral formulations for different chronic diseases is gaining popularity because these natural formulations have fewer side effects, a higher safety profile, and more cost effectiveness. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation composed of herbs and certain minerals was formulated, consisting of the herbal root extract ashwagandha and the minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of a Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in female Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Immunomodulatory potential, humoral immune response, paw volume, hematological study, biochemistry, body weight, feed intake and histopathology analysis were performed. Humoral immune response data showed increased (p≤0.01) primary antibody titre by 124.7% in the Biofield Treatment test formulation (G3), while the untreated test formulation group (G4) showed decreased antibody titre compared with the disease control group (G2). The secondary antibody titre value in the G3 group was also altered compared with the G2 group. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) showed a significant decrease in paw volume by 128.57% with respect to the G2 group. Hematology and biochemistry analysis showed altered values, as increased MCHC and RBC count by 138.09% and 7.24%, respectively in the G3 group compared with the G2 and G4 group. However, the platelet count was increased by 17.70% in the G3 group compared with the G2 group. The level of blood urea nitrogen was decreased by 10.90% in the G3 level compared with the G2 group. However, the levels of magnesium and phosphorus were increased by 13.29% and 6.28%, respectively in the G3 compared with the G2 group. Further, the change in body weight, feed consumption, organ to body weight ratio data, and histopathology examination did not suggest any statistical difference, which depicts that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulations was found to be safe. These data suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, Atherosclerosis, Dermatitis, Diverticulitis, Diabetes, etc. along with enhancing stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[522] viXra:1712.0631 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:29:59

Assessment of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration of Herbomineral Formulation in Sprague Dawley Male Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations have increased in recognition and popularity due to their high safety and better therapeutic benefits than other conventional methods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on a new proprietary herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The test formulation contained essential ingredients like the herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The immunomodulatory effect of the Biofield Energy Treated and untreated test formulations was studied in SD rats to determine any alteration in humoral immune response (IgG and IgM), cellular immune response, hematology, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, and the testosterone. The Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) showed significantly increased levels of IgM and IgG by 46.15% and 14.92%, respectively compared with the disease control group (G2). The cellular immune response (i.e. the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+) was decreased by 76.47% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the G2 group. The hematology parameters such as TLC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were significantly increased by 18.01%, 1.34%, 12.34%, and 0.67%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group compared with the G2 group. The lipid profile parameters viz. total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and VLDL were significantly decreased in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) by 8.73%, 10.96%, 6.26%, 8.60%, and 11.01%, respectively compared with the G2 group. Among the tested hepatic parameters, results showed decreased levels of SGOT (5.27%), SGPT (17.70%), ALP (0.26%), total protein (5.8%), albumin (5.47%), globulin (9.27%), and albumin/globulin ratio (1.34%) in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group compared with the G2 group. However, the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group animals exhibited an increased level of testosterone by 39.8% compared with the G2 group. The overall results demonstrated that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed a better immune response compared with the untreated test formulation. These experimental data suggest that the Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment based herbomineral formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[521] viXra:1712.0630 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:31:08

Differential Regulation of Immune Biomarkers by the Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment Based Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 11 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract of ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of The Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) based herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The immunomodulatory potential was studied in male SD rats using various immune biomarkers such as IgG and IgM, CD4+ and CD8+, hematology, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, sex hormone, and antioxidant profile. The humoral immune response showed an increase IgG level by 6.10% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) group compared with the disease control (G2) group. Cellular immune response i.e. CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly improved by 51.64% and 52.09%, respectively in G4 compared with the G2 group. The lymphocytes level were increased by 38.87%, while TLC, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes count were decreased by 7.38%, 19.35%, 21.14%, and 3.43%, respectively in G4 compared with the G2 group. Lipid analysis showed that triglycerides and VLDL levels were decreased by 6.02% and 5.97%, respectively while HDL level was significantly increased by 28.44% in G4 compared with the G2 group. Hepatic biomarkers viz. SGOT, CK-MB, total protein, total bilirubin, and globulin by 6.27%, 14.97%, 2.85%, 16.66%, and 5.90%, respectively in G4 compared with the G2 group. However, the testosterone level was significantly increased in G4 and untreated test formulation (G5) groups by 135.74% and 28.09%, respectively compared with the G2 group. Additionally, the antioxidant assay showed that the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level was decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels were increased by 59.72% and 20.07%, respectively in the G4 compared with the G2 group. Overall, the study results suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed an improved cellular and humoral immune responses along with improved hematological and biochemical animal profile compared with the untreated test formulation. Consequently, it can be established that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, which may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.
Category: Biochemistry

[520] viXra:1712.0629 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:32:13

Evaluation of Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 9 Pages.

The natural products based formulations usage have been increased world-wide in health care sector due to their high safety and better therapeutic action. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with four ingredients; a mixture of the minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium) and the herbal root extract ashwagandha. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The immunomodulatory effect of the Biofield Energy Treated and untreated test formulations was studied in SD rats to determine any alteration in humoral immune response (IgG and IgM), cellular immune response, hematological parameters, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, and the sex hormone (testosterone). The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was significantly increased by 51.98% and 12.99% (p≤0.05) in the Biofield Energy Treated (G3) and untreated test formulations (G4), respectively compared with the disease control group (G2). The level of IgM was significantly increased by 28.57% in the G3 group, while decreased by 14.29% in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. The eosinophil count was significantly increased by 27.27% in the G3 group, while decreased by 18.18% in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. The levels of triglycerides (TG) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were reduced by 8.99% and 9.12%, respectively in the G3 group compared with the G2 group. However, the levels of TG and VLDL were reduced by 2.40% and 3.46%, respectively in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. Among the tested hepatic parameters, results showed decreased levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and creatine kinase myocardium band (CK-MB) by 42.65% (p<0.01) and 7.67%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) compared to the G2 group. The level of testosterone was significantly increased by 22.02% in the G3 group compared with G2 group. The overall results demonstrated that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed better immune response compared with the untreated test formulation. These data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[519] viXra:1712.0628 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:33:33

Evaluation of Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration of the Novel Herbomineral Formulation Treated with The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 9 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative diseases due to its fewer side effects. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Biomarkers like immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM), cluster differentiation (CD4+), CD8+, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) were monitored. The level of IgM was increased by 4.76% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The levels of CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly (p≤0.01) increased by 222.22% and 355.36% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The level of lymphocyte was increased by 5% and eosinophil count was significantly decreased by 75% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The lipid biomarkers such as total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly lowered by 9.70%, 6.67%, and 23.54%, respectively in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The expression of SOD was reduced by 9.96% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. Further, LPO expression was significantly reduced by 33.38% and 16.88% in the G4 and untreated test formulation (G5) groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed significantly improved the cellular and humoral immunity, hematological and biochemical profile compared with the untreated test formulation. As a result, it can be established that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, which may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.
Category: Biochemistry

[518] viXra:1712.0627 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-28 00:36:39

What is Fundamental?

Authors: Durgadas Datta.
Comments: 5 Pages. OUR GOAL TO UNDERSTAND MULTIVERSE .

WHAT IS FUNDAMENTAL OR EVEN A THEORY OF EVERYTHING.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[517] viXra:1712.0622 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 09:38:19

Two-Dimensional Quantum Properties

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[516] viXra:1712.0621 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 15:28:24

Reintegration of Faith Into Society

Authors: Ștefan Vlăduțescu
Comments: 5 Pages.

This study investigates the religious revival in the contemporary age. It is taken as example a study of great relevance published by writer Nicolae Coande. The method used consists of thematiclinguistic procedures and in comparing procedures. It starts from the finding that between the anxieties with which the spirits inevitably give their chest at one moment are the ones generated by questions about religion and God. The idea to be reached is that these fundamental anxiety, brand writers give them a clear and engaging discourse response. The conclusion is that we can talk about the revival of the religious in our society.
Category: Social Science

[515] viXra:1712.0620 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 16:04:18

Fundamental Waves and the Reunification of Physics

Authors: Alan M. Kadin
Comments: 12 Pages. Submitted to Foundational Questions Institute Essay Contest on "What is Fundamental?"

In the 20th century, physics was split into quantum mechanics on the microscale, classical mechanics on the macroscale, and general relativity on the cosmic scale, each with a distinct conceptual framework. On the contrary, a simple realistic picture of fundamental waves can provide the basis for reunifying physics on all scales. This neoclassical synthesis combines aspects of classical, quantum, and relativistic physics, but is distinct from each of them. Electrons are soliton-like waves with quantized spin, which locally define time and space. In contrast, nucleons and atoms are simply composites, with no wave nature of their own. There are no point particles, quantum entanglement, or gravitational singularities. Furthermore, mathematical abstractions such as curved spacetime and complex quantum waves in Hilbert space are not fundamental at all. This approach makes predictions that differ from orthodox theory, which can be tested.
Category: Quantum Physics

[514] viXra:1712.0619 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 01:02:00

Evaluation of the Effects of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation on Various Biomarkers in Male Sprague Dawley Rats: Potential Role of the Trivedi Effect®

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Energy of Consciousness Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without Biofield Energy Healing Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Additionally, one group of animals was also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) by Biofield Energy Healers under similar conditions. The IgM, IgG, CD4+, and CD8+ were altered in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control (G2). TLC was significantly increased by 19.35% in the G4 compared to the G2. Neutrophil was significantly increased by 31.53%, 29.73%, 31.53%, and 33.84% in the G4, untreated test formulation (G5), G6, and G7, respectively compared to the G2. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly lowered by 18.18% (p≤0.01), 46.33% (p≤0.01), and 46.41% (p≤0.01), respectively in the G4 compared to the G2. Additionally, the levels of TC, TG, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and VLDL were significantly reduced by 25.50% (p≤0.001), 96.39% (p≤0.001), 13.91%, and 55.08% (p≤0.001), respectively in the G6 compared to the G2. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly reduced by 33.65% (p≤0.001) in the G4 compared to the G2. Moreover, the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), ALP, and creatine kinase myocardium band (CK-MB) were significantly decreased by 29.44% (p≤0.05), 25.54% (p≤0.01), 27.97% (p≤0.01), and 36.07% (p≤0.01), respectively in the G7 group compared to the G2. Testosterone was significantly increased by 83.68%, 305.90%, 1271.03% (p<0.001) and 745.35% (p<0.05) in the G4, G5, G6 and G7, respectively compared to the G2. The level of catalase enzyme was significantly increased by 57.91% (p<0.01) and 98.51% (p<0.001) in Biofield Energy Treatment per se at day -15 (G6) and Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at day -15 (G7), respectively compared to the G2. Overall, results suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[513] viXra:1712.0618 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 01:03:00

Investigation of Immune Biomarkers Regulation by Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Based Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative diseases, due to its fewer side effects. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract of ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The immunomodulatory biomarkers like alteration in immune biomarkers such as IgG and IgM, CD4+ and CD8+, hematology, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, sex hormone, and antioxidant profile. The humoral immune response of IgM and IgG were altered by 4.54% and 9.49%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) group compared with the disease control (G2) group. On the other hand, the cellular immune response i.e. CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly increased by 56.21% and 73.6%, respectively in the G4 group compared with the G2. Hematology analysis showed an increased level of TLC and lymphocytes by 14.85% and 21.42%, respectively in the G4 group compared to the G2. Lipid profile analysis showed a significant decrease in the level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL in the G4 group compared with the G2. Further, results suggests a significant decrease in the hepatic biomarkers such as SGOT, SGPT, and cardiac enzyme, CK-MB by 18.54%, 19.12%, and 26.23%, respectively in G4 group compared to the G2 group. However, the testosterone level was significantly decreased in G4 group and untreated test formulation (G5) groups by 53.87% and 26.25%, respectively compared with the G2 group. Additionally, the antioxidant assay data showed an altered level of tested enzymes such as LPO, SOD and CAT, in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed a significant improved cellular and humoral immunity, hematological and biochemical profile as compared with the untreated test formulation. As a result, it can be established that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, which may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.
Category: Biochemistry

[512] viXra:1712.0617 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 01:04:32

Impact of Biofield Energy Treated (The Trivedi Effect®) Herbomineral Formulation on the Immune Biomarkers and Blood Related Parameters of Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on a new proprietary compound composed of herbs and minerals (herbomineral formulation). The test formulation contains the mixture of the herbal root extract ashwagandha and the minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated formulation. The immunomodulatory parameters viz. humoral immune response (IgG and IgM), cellular immune response (CD4+/CD8+), hematological parameters, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, and sex hormones (progesterone and estrogen) in female Sprague Dawley rats were analyzed. The results of humoral immune response data showed decreased levels of IgG and IgM by 80.54% and 78.94% respectively, in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G3) compared with the disease control group (G2). Estimation of cellular immune response data revealed a significant (p≤0.01) increase in the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ by 161.71% in the G3 group, while it was increased by 100.50% in the untreated test formulation group (G4) compared with the G2 group. Thus, the humoral and cellular immune responses were significantly altered in the G3 as compared with the G4 group. The TLC and neutrophils counts were significantly increased by 11.34% and 1.34% respectively, in the G3 compared with the G2 group. Lipid profile data suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed improvement in the tested parameters compared with the untreated test formulation group. However, significant improvement was found in the tested hepatic biomarkers i.e. decreased levels of the SGOT, SGPT, and CK-MB by 14.28%, 8.54%, and 20.79% in the G3 group compared with the G2 group. The levels of total protein, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and globulin were increased by 11.93%, 1.24%, 6.10%, and 20.74% respectively, in the G3 compared with the G2 group. Consequently, the levels of progesterone and estrogen were significantly increased by 199.86% and 50.19%, respectively in G3 with respect to the G2 group. In conclusion, overall data suggest that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing Treatment on the herbomineral formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[511] viXra:1712.0616 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 01:06:27

Modulation of Immune Biomarkers by Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rat: Potential Role of Energy of Consciousness

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 11 Pages.

The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of The Trivedi Effect®- Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment based new proprietary herbomineral formulation and Energy Healing Treatment per se in male Sprague Dawley rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts, one as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Additionally, one group of animals also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) by under similar conditions. Humoral immune response data showed an increased level of IgG by 2.89%, 6.20%, and 6.20% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4), Biofield Energy Treatment group per se (G6), and Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at day -15 (G7), respectively as compared with the disease control group (G2). The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was increased by 3.80%, 12.38%, and 16.19% in the G4, G6, and G7, respectively compared with the G2. Hematology analysis suggested an increased level of TLC and neutrophil by 9.64% and 1.48%, respectively in the G4 group, while G6 group showed an increase count of TLC, lymphocytes, and monocytes by 19.79%, 2.87%, and 15.54%, respectively compared with the G2. Biochemical study showed an increased concentration of glucose by 11.78%, 18.60%, and 56.84% in the G4, G6, and G7, respectively compared with G2. Total cholesterol was significantly decreased by 10.54% and 4.20% in the G4 and G7, respectively compared with G2. In contrast, the HDL level was increased by 11.69% and 1.06% in G6 and G7, respectively while LDL was decreased by 10.52% in G4 compared with the G2. SGOT, CK-MB, total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were decreased by 4.04%, 23.54%, 1.68%, 1.54%, and 1.80%, respectively in G4, while G6 group showed decreased level of SGOT, CK-MB, and A/G ratio by 2.08%, 16.23%, and 3.40%, respectively compared with G2. However, SGOT was significantly decreased (p≤0.01) by 18.88% in G7 compared with G2. The testosterone level was decreased by 76.67%, 18.43%, and 44.06% in G4, G6, and G7, respectively compared with G2. Antioxidant profile showed a decreased level of LPO by 59.63% in G7, while SOD and CAT levels were significantly altered in tested groups compared with G2. Biofield Energy may also be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[510] viXra:1712.0615 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 01:07:50

Immunopotentiating Impact of The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing on Herbomineral Formulation After Oral Administration in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The experimental parameters studies were humoral immune response (primary and secondary titre), delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, animal weight parameters, feed and water intake, histopathology, hematological and serum biochemistry. Humoral immune response showed the primary and secondary antibody titre values were significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 5.33% and 112.5%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) group with respect to the disease control group (G2). Delayed type hypersensitivity results showed significant increase in paw edema by 88.24% (p≤0.05) and 25% at 24 and 48 hours of duration, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) group compared with the G2 group. Hematological studies showed a significant increase in the RBC count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume (PCV), while the platelet count was increased by 8.40% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4) compared with the disease control group (G2). Biochemical analysis exhibited an increased level of calcium and phosphorus by 2.34% and 7.38%, respectively while serum uric acid was significantly decreased by 18.34% along with a slight increase in the magnesium, potassium, and sodium ions in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared with the G2 group. In conclusion, the Biofield Energy Treated Test Formulation would be the powerful immunomodulatory product, which was found to be safe at the tested doses. Therefore, The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation can be applied to potentiate the immune system that helps to fight against many infectious diseases. Overall, experimental data suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[509] viXra:1712.0614 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-27 03:09:10

On the Quantum Memory

Authors: Vladimir A. Kuz`menko
Comments: 1 Page.

Nonequivalence of forward and reversed processes in quantum physics directly demands the existence of the memory of quantum system about its initial state. The vacuum is best suited for storing this memory. A careful study of the inequality of differential cross sections of forward and reversed quantum transitions, perhaps, will allow finding in the future new tools for experimental studying of properties of dark matter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[508] viXra:1712.0612 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:16:49

Potential Role of the Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing on Immunomodulatory Response of Herbomineral Formulation in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the test herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts; one was represented as control, while the other part was treated with the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment by eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated formulation. Besides, one group of animals was also received Biofield Energy Treatment by same Biofield Energy Healers under similar conditions. The effect of the test formulation was monitored by an estimation of humoral immune response, delay type hypersensitivity, hematology, biochemistry, body weight, feed intake, relative organ weight, and histopathology in male Sprague Dawley rats. The primary antibody titre level was significantly increased by 36.36% in the Biofield Energy Treated formulation (G3); while decreased by 15.09% in the untreated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The paw volume was significantly increased by 75% in the Biofield Energy Treated group per se at day -15 (G6) compared to the disease control. The level of red blood corpuscle (RBC) was significantly increased by 14.45% in the G6 group compared to the G2 group. The platelet count was significantly increased by 10.32% in the G3 group; while it was decreased by 5.71% in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. There was a significant elevation of serum phosphorus by 6.04% in the G3 group compared to the G2 group. The concentration of magnesium in serum was increased by 13.00% in the Biofield Energy Treated formulation (G3) compared to the disease control group (G2). The concentration of uric acid was significantly decreased by 8.05% in the Biofield Energy Treated formulation (G3) compared to the G2 group. Further, the change in body weight, feed consumption, organ to body weight ratio data, and histopathology examination did not suggest any statistical difference, which depicts that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation was found to be safe. These data suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, Atherosclerosis, Dermatitis, Diverticulitis, Diabetes, etc. along with stress prevention and management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[507] viXra:1712.0611 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:17:57

Assessment of Immunomodulatory Activity of the Biofield Energy Treated Novel Herbomineral Formulation After Oral Administration in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

The use of an herbomineral formulation in the healthcare sector for different chronic diseases is gaining popularity due to its fewer side-effects, high safety profile, and cost effectiveness. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of four essential ingredients viz. herbal (ashwagandha root extract) and minerals (zinc chloride, magnesium gluconate, and sodium selenate). The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation on female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts; one was represented as control, while the other part was treated with the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by renowned Biofield Energy Healers (The Trivedi Effect®) and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated formulation. The effect of the test formulation was monitored using humoral immune response, delayed type hypersensitivity, hematology, biochemistry, relative organ weight, and histopathology. The primary hemagglutination (HA) antibody titre level was significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 185.88% in the Biofield Energy Treated group (G3); while 41.18% increased in the untreated test formulation group (G4) as compared to the disease control group (G2). The secondary HA titre was significantly increased by 540% (p≤0.001) and 166.7% in the G3 and G4 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. The secondary HA titre was also increased significantly (p≤0.05) by 193% in the Biofield Energy Treated group per se at day -15 (G6), as compared to the G2 group. The paw volume data showed an alteration in the G3 and G6 groups as compared to the G2 group. The platelet count was significantly increased by 11.16% and 8.69% in the G3 and G4 groups, respectively as compared to the G2 group. The magnesium level was increased by 9.31% in the G3 group as compared to the G2 group. The uric acid was significantly reduced by 23.88% in the G3 group; while it was increased by 17.47% in the G4 group as compared to the G2 group. Since, the relative organ weight and histopathological findings did not produce any signs of toxicity as compared to the normal control group (G1). These data suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation was found to be safe and showed better immunomodulatory response as compared to the untreated formulation. Thus, it is assumed that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation could be better and more useful to boost-up the immune system in healthy human and patients.
Category: Biochemistry

[506] viXra:1712.0610 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:19:53

Effect of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Based Novel Herbomineral Formulation on Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 9 Pages.

The herbomineral formulations usage have been increased world-wide in health care sector due to their high safety and better therapeutic action. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with a mixture of the minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium) and the herbal root extract ashwagandha. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the herbomineral formulation in female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The Biofield Energy Treated group (G3) showed 6.39% increased the CD4+ count compared with the disease control (G2) group. The level of IgM was significantly increased by 23.08% and 46.15% in the G3 group and Biofield Energy Treatment group per se at day -15 (G6), respectively compared with the G2 group. The total leucocyte count (TLC) and neutrophil were significantly increased by 16.15% and 26.69% (p≤0.05), respectively in the G3 group compared with the G2 group. Further, the levels of TLC, eosinophil, and monocyte were significantly increased by 70.57% (p≤0.01), 33.33%, and 8.50%, respectively in the G6 group compared with the G2 group. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was reduced by 6.24% in the G3 group; while triglyceride (TG) and LDL were reduced by 12.12% and 16.99%, respectively in the G6 group compared with the G2 group. The levels of serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin were significantly decreased by 20.26%, 32.98%, and 25.00%, respectively in the G3 group compared with the G2 group. Further, SGPT and total bilirubin were reduced by 9.02% and 16.67%, respectively in the G6 group compared with the G2 group. Progesterone was significantly increased by 59.85% in the G3 group, compared with the G2 group. The data suggests that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment group per se at day -15 have shown a significant immunomodulatory potential. The overall results demonstrated that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed better immune response compared with the untreated test formulation. These data also suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[505] viXra:1712.0609 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:21:01

Immunological Effects of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Based Novel Herbomineral Formulation After Oral Administration in Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

Herbomineral formulations have been used and accepted all around the world owing to its medicinal and therapeutic importance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treatment on the new proprietary herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The Biofield Energy Treated and untreated test formulation was evaluated using experimental parameters such as humoral immune response (primary and secondary antibody titre), delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, animal weight parameters, feed and water intake, histopathology, hematological and serum biochemistry were studies. Humoral immune data showed the primary and secondary antibody titre values were significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 105.88% and 260%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation (G4) group with respect to the disease control group (G2). The delayed type hypersensitivity results showed a significant increased paw edema by 32.43% and 53.33% at 24 and 48 hours, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation (G4) group, while untreated test formulation group (G5) animals showed 13.33% increase in the paw edema (at 48 hour) compared with the G2 group. Hematological analysis showed a significant increase in the red blood cell count, while the platelet count was significantly increased by 27.78% in Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation (G4) group as compared with the G2 group. Biochemical analysis exhibited an increased level of calcium and phosphorus by 1.58% and 12.65%, respectively while serum uric acid was significantly decreased by 36.66% in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. In addition, animal weight parameters like body weight, relative organ weight, histopathology, water and feed intake data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation was found safe, non-toxic, throughout the exposure period. In conclusion, the The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation would be the powerful immunomodulatory product, which can be useful to modulate the immunity against many infectious diseases. Overall, experimental data suggests that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[504] viXra:1712.0608 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:22:07

Immunomodulatory Potential of New Classical Herbomineral Formulation in Experimental Animals: Impact of Biofield Energy Healing Treatment

Authors: Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak
Comments: 10 Pages.

A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley rats. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Additionally, one group of animals also received Biofield Energy Treatment per se (day -15) by Biofield Energy Healers under similar conditions. The test formulation was evaluated for immunological parameters viz. humoral immune analysis, paw volume, hematological study, biochemistry, body weight, feed and water intake, and histopathology analysis were performed. The humoral immune response showed a significant increased primary and secondary antibody titre values by 26% and 150.4%, respectively in Biofield Energy Treatment per se group (G6, day -15), while primary and secondary antibody titre values were increased by 100.0% and 110.4%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G7, day -15) group compared with the disease control group (G2). The results of delayed type hypersensitivity showed a significant increase in the paw volume by 94.44% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) group with respect to the G2 group. However, a significant increase in paw volume by 61.11% and 44.44% was found in G6 and G7 group, respectively with respect to the G2 group. Hematological parameters showed a significant (p<0.001) increased platelet count by 85.6% in the G4 group, while 39.15% and 35.22% increase in the G6 and G7 groups, respectively compared with the G2 group. In biochemical analysis, a significant increase in calcium and phosphorus level were found in the G4 group compared with the G2 group. Animal weight parameters suggests that there were no treatment-related changes in any group, organ to body weight ratio, feed and water intake. The data described that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation was found to be safe without any side effect during the course of the experiment. These data suggests that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation and Biofield Energy Treatment per se can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, enhancing stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[503] viXra:1712.0606 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:48:43

Theoretical Lower Limit of Mass of Phonon and Critical Mass for Matter-Dark Matter Conversion

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this article, theoretical lower limit of mass of phonon and critical mass for matter-dark matter conversion is presented. Using Planck’s equation for black body radiation and de Broglie’s wave particle duality, we can get a relation between mass of phonon and frequency of emitted radiation which opens up several questions and possibilities. From this relation, with few assumptions, we may have a critical mass bellow which we have dark matter and above we get normal matter. With the help of this relation, maximum matter density and limit of string length may be reviewed. Calculated critical mass, considering the present value of Planck’s constant and Boltzmann constant, is 7.367 × 10^{−51} Kg. It is also observed that if phonon obeys de Broglie’s equation, generation of an electromagnetic radiation of frequency less than 56638721410Hz is not possible by thermal heating.
Category: Classical Physics

[502] viXra:1712.0605 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:53:08

Physical Interpretation of de Broglie’s Wave Particle Duality Relation in a Phonon

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 5 Pages.

Using Planck’s postulates for black body radiation and wave particle duality relation of de Broglie we can get a relation between mass of a phonon and emission frequency of a body at different temperatures. Using boundary condition lower limit of mass of a phonon is calculated which is 7.36 × 10^{−51} kg.
Category: Classical Physics

[501] viXra:1712.0603 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 06:56:49

Tachyons: Properties and Way of Detection

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 9 Pages.

The presently observed accelerating universe suggests that there is a possibility of the real existence of ‘Tachyons’ - a Boson class particle theo- rized to exceed the maximum speed of electro magnetic radiation. Theory suggests that Tachyons do not violate the theory of Special Relativity despite having a speed greater than that of light in vacuum. But their existence is not confirmed by experiment. In this article, possible properties of tachyons are discussed which would be helpful to test their existence and detection. Two thought experiments are proposed to detect them.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[500] viXra:1712.0602 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 07:01:10

A New Model to Explain an Accelerating Universe Within Newtonian Mechanics

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this paper, applying only Newtonian mechanics, I have made an analysis of the nature of an accelerating universe. In this model loss of gravitational force replaces any need for dark energy to explain an accelerating universe. This model is consistent with the Big Bang model.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[499] viXra:1712.0601 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 07:15:42

Computational Approach to Analyze Political Behavior, Culture and Policies to Understand the Revolution of a Society

Authors: Arijit Bag
Comments: 12 Pages.

Computational method is developed to understand the political behavior, culture and policies of a society. It is shown that from political behavior, culture and policies of a society, direction and amplitude of social revolution may be measured which helps to find out the political standing of a society at any time. The knowledge of political standing would help to predict the results of any political election. This methodology is applied to predict the assembly election result 2016 of West Bengal, India. Finally, published result is compared with computed result. It is observed that one of the computed results fits extremely well with the exact result. This method is very good for post election analysis to understand the demand of the society which should help to run better government.
Category: Social Science

[498] viXra:1712.0598 [pdf] replaced on 2018-05-21 04:34:22

The General Relevance of the Modified Cosmological Model

Authors: Jonathan W. Tooker
Comments: 284 Pages. 96 figures, solid

The modified cosmological model (MCM) has been an active research program since 2009 and here we summarize the highlights while providing background and insights as they demonstrate mathematical merit. The main ``modification'' that underpins this work is to consider the principle of greatest action, not least, but cosmological energy functions do not appear. To accommodate infinite action, we develop a transfinite analytical framework $^\star\mathbb{C}$. In the first chapter, we define the MCM system as the union of two Kaluza--Klein theories disconnected by a topological obstruction. We identify a detail overlooked by Feynman in his ``many double slits'' thought experiment with which we directly motivate the principle of maximum action. Chapter two is mostly a review of fundamental concepts including twistors and quaternions. Much attention in chapter three is given to what are perceived as criticisms of the MCM mechanism for the unification of the theories of gravitation and quanta, and we closely examine the derivation of Einstein's equation from unrelated MCM concepts. The main technical result in chapter three is to demonstrate that dark energy and expanding space are inherent to the MCM metric and we examine the role of the advanced electromagnetic potential in ``hyperspacetime.'' Chapter four is a tour de force starting with a review of the foundations of the MCM. We extend Dirac's bra-ket to an MCM inner product for $^\star\mathbb{C}$. We continue with a study of conformal infinity and the transfinite extension into the region ``beyond conformal infinity.'' The double slit experiment gives an example of the empirical/philosophical utilities of the MCM principles and we examine their extension into the realm of numerical analysis before deriving the main result: a new formulation for the mass-energy budget of the universe that agrees perfectly with $\Lambda$CDM.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[497] viXra:1712.0597 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-21 02:27:32

The 'Generalized Skettrup Model' and Matsubara Statistics

Authors: Valeri LIGATCHEV
Comments: 14 Pages. This article contains comments on the book 'Polycrystalline and Spatially Non-Homogeneous Amorphous Semiconductors and Insulators' by Valeri Ligatchev, published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc., in the second quarter of the year 2017

The ‘Generalized Skettrup Model’ (GSM) [1] links features of near-band gap and intra-gap electronic as well as corresponding optical spectra of polycrystalline and spatially non-homogeneous amorphous semiconductors and insulators to probabilities of fluctuations in an energy of the individual quasi-particle, number of quasi-particles in a quantum grand canonical ensemble (QGCE) of confined acoustic phonons with static plane-wave basis (pure states), and in their aggregate energy. Features of the GSM [1] are discussed herein in comparison to those of quantum statistics pioneered by famous Japanese physicist T. Matsubara [2], which is based essentially on two-points ‘Green Function’ (GF) formalism, and takes into account fluctuations in temperature of QGCE. The GSM [1] might be ultimately treated as a ‘conservative’ (and essentially static) counterpart of the generic Matsubara statistics for the specific case of ensemble of acoustic phonons confined within micrometer- and sub-micrometer-sized non-homogeneities (crystallites) of poly-crystalline and spatially non-homogeneous amorphous semiconductors and insulators. However, unambiguous links among spectral characteristics of the GSM and Matsubara GF might be established for equilibrated phononic ensembles with static and/or dynamic plane-wave basis. Moreover, original scope of the GSM might be expanded further based on the fundamental ideas, pioneered by T. Matsubara
Category: Condensed Matter

[496] viXra:1712.0596 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-25 23:16:14

The Quantum Mechanical Time Reversal Operator

Authors: Andrew Thomas Holster
Comments: 24 Pages. Originally 2003 on philsci-archive, with >4000 downloads from 2010-2017

The analysis of the reversibility of quantum mechanics depends upon the choice of the time reversal operator for quantum mechanical states. The orthodox choice for the time reversal operator on QM states is known as the Wigner operator, T*, where * performs complex conjugation. The peculiarity is that this is not simply the unitary time reversal operation, but an anti-unitary operator, involving complex conjugation in addition to ordinary time reversal. The alternative choice is the Racah operator, which is simply ordinary time reversal, T. Orthodox treatments hold that it is either logically or empirically necessary to adopt the Wigner operator, and the Racah operator has received little attention. The basis for this choice is analysed in detail, and it is concluded that all the conventional arguments for rejecting the Racah operator and adopting the Wigner operator are mistaken. The additional problem of whether the deterministic part of quantum mechanics should be judged to be reversible or not is also considered. The adoption of the Racah operator for time reversal appears prima facie to entail that quantum mechanics is irreversible. However, it is concluded that the real answer to question depends upon the choice of interpretation of the theory. In any case, the conventional reasons for claiming that quantum mechanics is reversible are incorrect.
Category: Quantum Physics

[495] viXra:1712.0595 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-26 00:23:47

The Formal-Logical Analysis of the Foundation of Set Theory

Authors: Temur Z. Kalanov
Comments: 17 Pages.

The critical analysis of the foundation of set theory is proposed. The unity of formal logic and rational dialectics is the correct methodological basis of the analysis. The analysis leads to the following results: (1) the mathematical concept of set should be analyzed on the basis of the formal-logical clauses “Definition of concept”, “Logical class”, “Division of concept”, “Basis of division”, “Rules of division”; (2) the standard mathematical theory of sets is an erroneous theory because it does not contain definition of the concept “element (object) of set”; (3) the concept of empty set (class) is a meaningless, erroneous, and inadmissible one because the definition of the concept “empty set (class)” contradicts to the definition of the logical class. (If the set (class) does not contain a single element (object), then there is no feature (sign) of the element (object). This implies that the concept of empty set (class) has no content and volume (scope). Therefore, this concept is inadmissible one); (4) the standard mathematical operations of union, intersection and difference of sets (classes) are meaningless, erroneous and inadmissible operations because they do not satisfy the following formal-logical condition: every separate element (object) of the set (class) must be in only one some set (class) and cannot be in two sets (classes). Thus, the results of formal-logical analysis prove that the standard mathematical theory of sets is an erroneous theory because it does not satisfy the criterion of truth.
Category: Set Theory and Logic

[494] viXra:1712.0594 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 19:34:26

Neutron-Proton Mass Difference

Authors: Harry Watson
Comments: 2 Pages.

We make the following Ansatz for the mass ratio of the neutron to the electron: m_n /m_e is approx (4pi)(4pi-1/pi)(4pi-2/pi) +ln(4pi) = 1838.682763 where m_n is the neutron rest mass and m_e is the electron rest mass. The CODATA value is 1838.68366158. The neutron decays into a proton and an electron. If ln(4pi) is the neutron-proton mass difference, then m_p/m_e is (4pi)(4pi-1/pi)(4pi-2/pi), where m_p is the proton rest mass. harry.watson@att.net
Category: Mathematical Physics

[493] viXra:1712.0593 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 22:18:42

Pitfall of Space Expansion

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 27 Pages.

Space is everywhere with us. It's in our hands. However, it's impossible to bent, stretch, compress, or doing anything with it. Expansion of the space would intertwine with many paradoxes that is beyond comprehension. We have learned to manipulating matter and energy since our first existence on Earth, however, never space.

Additionally, space can not have boundary. Otherwise, it would separate space from something else outside of the space. Neither the boundary or surface of the space nor the outside of the space can be defined as anything other than space. Hence, space, boundary of space, and the outside can only be space. Thus, the shape, size, surface, and boundary of the space can not be detected or measured. Neither the age of the space can be measured. Space and the universe can only be considered infinite.

Logically, we can not detect vacuum, or emptiness. We can only detect the absence of detectable. Absence of detectable is not absolutely equal to emptiness. The same logics that we can only prove the absence of detectable matter and energy. It is impossible to prove the absence of space. The question is, how can you bend or expand infinite and undetectable space that has no surface and boundary?


Category: Astrophysics

[492] viXra:1712.0592 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-25 00:20:15

Chemical Action

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 7 Pages.

Abstract: Atoms are stable and self-stabilizing 3D matter-bodies, which spin about their nuclear/atomic axes. Unless in extreme conditions or due to accidents, no part of atom may removed from it and under no circumstance additional parts may be included in the structure of stable atom. Atoms of all elements (except those of inert elements) have resultant external fields about them. Complimentary atoms arrange themselves to form groups until most of their resultant external fields are inhibited by rotary motion the atoms in planes across their atomic axes. Molecules form crystals and other groups in similar manner for the same purpose. In order to form different combinations of atoms and/or molecules, it is necessary to break present bonds between atoms or between molecules by varying their rotary speeds to enable their resultant external fields to be effective and form different kinds of groups (molecules, crystals, etc.). These actions are generally known as chemical actions.
Category: Classical Physics

[491] viXra:1712.0591 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 09:42:52

Fitting Newtonian Gravitational Constant with Microscopic Physical Constants

Authors: U. V. S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana
Comments: 29 Pages. Preprints2017,2017110119

By considering two virtual gravitational constants assumed to be associated with electromagnetic and strong interactions, in a theoretical and verifiable approach, we make an attempt to estimate the Newtonian gravitational constant from microscopic elementary physical constants. With respect to Fermi's weak coupling constant and root mean square radius of proton, estimated value of the Newtonian gravitational constant is 6.67454X10(-11) m3/kg/sec2 and our estimated value is 6.679856X10(-11) m3/kg/sec2.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[490] viXra:1712.0590 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 09:49:58

An Introduction to "Spirit-Filled Medicine" (An Exploration in Theology of Medicine)

Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 10 Pages. This paper has been submitted to Canadian journal of pentecostal-charismatic christianity

In the light of the fact that proper discussion of theology of medicine is quite rare, this short article highlights the fundamental problem with modern (Western) medicine. China has taken a step forward by recognizing their cultural heritage called TCM. Of course it must be acknowledged that modern (Western) medicine has been very advanced, but also many problems such as side effects and also many toxic materials due to synthetic materials. It is also well known that chemotherapy has a chance to work at a miserable rate of less than 20%, so it is reasonable to argue that the 21st century requires a conceptual, new approach to treatment.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[489] viXra:1712.0589 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 09:52:13

Applications of Neutrosophic Membership Function in Describing Identity Dynamics in Missiology and Modern Day Ecclesiology (An Exploration in Mathematical Theology)

Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 10 Pages. This paper has been submitted to Canadian journal of pentecostal-charismatic christianity

As Paul Hiebert called it in his paper: “The flaws of excluded middle,” people especially in Asia and Africa can adopt a “middle Earth” view, i.e. a world where both rationality and supra-rationality can co-exist. Such an “included middle” worldview can be viewed in terms of Neutrosophic Membership Function too. Similarly the dynamics of identity change between outer faiths and Christianity is often a long and complex process, and we submit that it can be modelled as a spectrum, of which some people described the process as C1-C6. This spectrum can be viewed in terms of Neutrosophic Membership function. In this paper, we offer a fresh look at these problem using two new concepts: Liquid church and also Neutrosophic Membership function. It is our hope that our model, which may be called “Neutrosophic Liquid Ecclesiology,” can shed some light on the interaction and dynamics in Missiology and modern day Ecclesiology, especially in Asia and Africa context. All in all, this paper may be considered as an exploration of a new subject in doing theology: Mathematical Theology.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[488] viXra:1712.0587 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 16:09:27

Kalman Folding 5.5: EKF in Python with System Identification

Authors: Brian Beckman
Comments: 31 Pages. Creative Commons 4.0 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Kalman Folding 5 presents an Extended Kalman Filter in Mathematica. Python is much more accessible to average practitioners. In this follow-up article, we write a very general, foldable EKF in Python, verify it against Mathematica using sympy, Python's package for symbolic mathematics. We apply it to a spinning dashpot and demonstrate both state estimation and system identification from observing only one angle over time. It is remarkable that a complete dynamical description of eight states and parameters can be recovered from measurements of a single, scalar value.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[487] viXra:1712.0586 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:15:15

The Making of Planet and Gravity

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 15 Pages.

Gravity is not force of attraction. An one way concentrative potential is created by head-on congregation of particles from gentle pairing to high speed collision. It can be started by electromagnetic attraction or disturbance in the environment internally or externally. A terrestrial planet, for example, is the coalition of elements. It grows in the process of construction. The coalition builds the body and the force of keeping it together, gravity.
Category: Astrophysics

[486] viXra:1712.0585 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:33:31

The Making of Star and Solar System

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 11 Pages.

To me, the gravity of super-sized planet can trigger global nuclear reactions and become a star. The expelled particles embrace objects in it's path and create a space cyclone, solar system. Our Solar System is a cyclone powered by the vortex force of a single dominating star, the Sun, in weightless space. The Sun regulates the orbits and reduces the collision of all plants and alike within it's reach. The question is, would it be second star if Jupiter got a chance to gather more mass?
Category: Astrophysics

[485] viXra:1712.0584 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:37:50

The Making of Black Hole And Galaxy

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 9 Pages.

To me, a star is analogous to a constant and all directional nuclear exploding jet engine. Expelling particles would create it's opposite imploding force. By squeezing mass and energy into single point, I don't see other action can create stronger concentrative mass and force than implosive compression. Under this constant compression, a star can reach it's limit of structure and go supernova. The surface activities would radiate the frequency beyond our detection, a black hole disappeared from our view. Massive black hole can create its' own super space cyclone. Other subsystems can be caught by the storm and form a galaxy, a superset collection of solar and planetary systems by nature's inheritance and self-similarity. Considering nature's capability of creating such varieties of microorganism; Planets, stars, galaxies, and alike will continue to surprise us with our slowly opening eyes. Yet, the universe can only be seen by anyone in very short blink.
Category: Astrophysics

[484] viXra:1712.0583 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:41:31

Proposed Fundamental Principles

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 2 Pages.

The infinite dynamic of the universe is maintained by the fundamental principle; infinite, independent, identity, perfect recycle, coherent, complement, and interaction principle.
Category: Classical Physics

[483] viXra:1712.0582 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:44:57

From Redshift To Cosmic Background Radiation

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 56 Pages.

Doppler redshift of radiations is dominating in all observations. And, path loss of frequency causes exponentially proportional redshift. Radiation, over space, can continue to stretch below visual and infrared detection, the source would merged into the background (CBR). In the meantime, space is filled with dominating low frequency below visible radiations which can come from outside of the visible universe.
Category: Astrophysics

[482] viXra:1712.0580 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 23:58:41

Age of The Universe Paradox

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

The question are: Will we ever know if there are objects outside of the detectable universe radiating in wave length longer than CBR? Can we date fundamental particles, or space? We only measure the universe with visual radiations. Doesn't it seem that the size and age of the universe is determined by the size of our telescope?
Category: Astrophysics

[481] viXra:1712.0579 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:01:29

Why Quantum Jump Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 4 Pages.

Atomic electron transition appears leaping from one energy level to another. The issue is, atomic particles are too small and too fast for our detectors to recognize their action and identity. I believe it is due to the sensors can only detect and register the repeated trajectory. Particle would have to revolving on the same orbit long enough. Otherwise, it would not trigger the reaction of the detectors. Transitional trajectory is short, and it does not repeat. It can not be detected, hence, jump.
Category: Quantum Physics

[480] viXra:1712.0578 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:05:22

Big Bang Inflation Paradox Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 10 Pages.

Big-bang and universe expansion are illusions of cosmic redshift. Doppler redshift is over 92% dominating. And, path loss of frequency causes exponentially proportional redshift. The expansion of the universe is defined by it's boundary, not the separation galaxies. The fundamentals of redshift and space are examined.
Category: Astrophysics

[479] viXra:1712.0577 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:12:19

Spacetime Curvature Paradox Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 7 Pages.

Space is in our hands and all around us. We have learned to manipulate matter and energy since our first existence on Earth, but never space. It is the absolute complement of the physical universe.

It is impossible to bend space since it has no boundary and surface. Space can not have boundary. Otherwise, it would separate space from something else outside of the space. Neither the boundary or surface of the space nor the outside of the space can be defined as anything other than space. On the contrarily, we can bend time by varying clock ticks. It is true for all artificial measurements.

Space has natural existence, time is artificial measurement. Space is absolutely recyclable, NEVER TIME BE RECYCLED. And, space is fundamental, it is independent of mass, energy, and everything else. Space and time can not go together.


Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[478] viXra:1712.0576 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:15:58

Dark Matter and Dark Energy Paradox Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 7 Pages.

Many incomprehensible paradoxes are created by dark matter and dark energy. Physical matter, dark or not, has to occupy space and prevent other matter from taking the same location. On the other hand, isn't it meaningless if dark matter and dark energy can occupy the same space of ordinary matter and energy without interactions?
Category: Astrophysics

[477] viXra:1712.0575 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:18:53

Approximate A Slice of Pi Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

A simple way of approximating &pi; by slice.
Category: Algebra

[476] viXra:1712.0574 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-24 00:22:32

Wave and Tide Essay

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 7 Pages.

Wave is a fundamental action of the universe. Water waves when it is disturbed by internal or external force. And, there be higher water level when waves meet the shore. This study examines the driving forces of waving gas, liquid, and solid anew when gravity is not force of attraction.
Category: Geophysics

[475] viXra:1712.0573 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 12:49:13

Quantum Noise Reduction

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

This method, called atomic spin squeezing, works by redistributing the uncertainty unevenly between two components of spin in these measurements systems, which operate at the quantum scale. [18] Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions. For example, in one-dimensional chains of atoms that emerge within a bulk sample, electrons can separate into three distinct entities, each carrying information about just one aspect of the electron's identity—spin, charge, or orbit. The spinon, the entity that carries information about electron spin, has been known to control magnetism in certain insulating materials whose electron spins can point in any direction and easily flip direction. Now, a new study just published in Science reveals that spinons are also present in a metallic material in which the orbital movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus is the driving force behind the material's strong magnetism. [10] Currently studying entanglement in condensed matter systems is of great interest. This interest stems from the fact that some behaviors of such systems can only be explained with the aid of entanglement. [9] Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the University of Cambridge in the UK have demonstrated that it is possible to directly generate an electric current in a magnetic material by rotating its magnetization. [8] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[474] viXra:1712.0572 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 12:57:33

An Introduction to Multi-Dimensional Identity

Authors: J. Mitchell
Comments: 35 Pages.

Multi-dimensional identity refers to the many labels which describe any ‘Thing’ as it exists, meaning both its describable states of existence and whatever processes generate, connect and count across those states. It develops through and out of a base2 pattern that becomes a multi-layered function which generates, relates and counts base10 numbers.
Category: Number Theory

[473] viXra:1712.0571 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 13:41:33

Challenge in Quantum Chemistry

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

A group of Michigan State University (MSU) researchers specializing in quantum calculations has proposed a radically new computational approach to solving the complex many-particle Schrödinger equation that holds the key to explaining the motion of electrons in atoms and molecules. [19] This method, called atomic spin squeezing, works by redistributing the uncertainty unevenly between two components of spin in these measurements systems, which operate at the quantum scale. [18] Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions. For example, in one-dimensional chains of atoms that emerge within a bulk sample, electrons can separate into three distinct entities, each carrying information about just one aspect of the electron's identity—spin, charge, or orbit. The spinon, the entity that carries information about electron spin, has been known to control magnetism in certain insulating materials whose electron spins can point in any direction and easily flip direction. Now, a new study just published in Science reveals that spinons are also present in a metallic material in which the orbital movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus is the driving force behind the material's strong magnetism. [10] Currently studying entanglement in condensed matter systems is of great interest. This interest stems from the fact that some behaviors of such systems can only be explained with the aid of entanglement. [9] Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the University of Cambridge in the UK have demonstrated that it is possible to directly generate an electric current in a magnetic material by rotating its magnetization. [8] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[472] viXra:1712.0570 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 14:17:01

Exotic State of Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

Using ultracold atoms, researchers at Heidelberg University have found an exotic state of matter where the constituent particles pair up when limited to two dimensions. [32] Neutron diffraction at the Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering has clarified the absence of magnetic order and classified the superconductivity of a new next-generation of superconductors in a paper published in Europhysics Letters. [31] A potential new state of matter is being reported in the journal Nature, with research showing that among superconducting materials in high magnetic fields, the phenomenon of electronic symmetry breaking is common. [30] Researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland and the Technical University Munich in Germany have lifted the veil on the electronic characteristics of high-temperature superconductors. Their research, published in Nature Communications, shows that the electronic densities measured in these superconductors are a combination of two separate effects. As a result, they propose a new model that suggests the existence of two coexisting states rather than competing ones postulated for the past thirty years, a small revolution in the world of superconductivity. [29] A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory combined powerful magnetic pulses with some of the brightest X-rays on the planet to discover a surprising 3-D arrangement of a material's electrons that appears closely linked to a mysterious phenomenon known as high-temperature superconductivity. [28] Advanced x-ray technique reveals surprising quantum excitations that persist through materials with or without superconductivity. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[471] viXra:1712.0569 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 17:30:34

Photon Model with Duality of Particle and Wave

Authors: Ichiro Nakayama
Comments: 13 Pages.

Light is quantum which indicates the duality of particles and waves. Therefore, it is not possible to make a model of light to explain two antithetical characters at the same time. But, I succeeded to draw a model of light having simultaneously both characteristics of particles and waves based on “energy body theory”. The reason why light makes interference fringes in Young double slit experiment became clear by this. Particularly, the reason why interference fringes are made, even when photons are emitted one by one, if many photons are emitted, were also made clear. More, this photon model gives the reason to the phenomena such as reflection, refraction and invariable velocity of light.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[470] viXra:1712.0567 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 18:41:13

The Physicists And The AI Experiment - A Fable

Authors: Robert L. Oldershaw
Comments: 7 Pages. Comments welcome

Some science fiction that really about the science of theoretical physics, or the lack thereof.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[469] viXra:1712.0566 [pdf] replaced on 2019-12-20 12:01:56

Navier Stockes Equation, Integrals of Motion and Generalization of the Equation of Continuity of the Flow of Matter to the Theory of Relativity

Authors: Dmitri Martila
Comments: 5 Pages.

The use of N-S equation is of outmost important for everyday life: airplanes, ships, underwater ships, etc. So, the Clay Institute promises 1 000 000 dollars for a good solution. Present paper is about Estonian author confidence, that he have solved the problem.
Category: Condensed Matter

[468] viXra:1712.0565 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 01:17:56

Triviality of Twin Prime Conjecture

Authors: Divyendu Priyadarshi
Comments: 1 Page. i am not a professional mathematician, so if there is some silly mistake or misconceptions , please point out.

In this small paper, I have argued very simply that "Twin Prime Conjecture" is quite obvious and there is nothing to prove. In fact, it reduces to the hypothesis that prime numbers are infinite in number if we accept the quite random pattern of occurrences of of prime numbers on number line.
Category: Number Theory

[467] viXra:1712.0564 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 03:01:40

Building a Surgical Simulator that uses Only Free and Open Source Software

Authors: Kirana Kumara P
Comments: 5 Pages. Preprint

The present paper explores the possibility of building a surgical simulator that uses only free and open source software. A careful review of the literature on the software components required for surgical simulation reveals that new free and open source surgical simulation software can be built using already existing free and open source software components. This paper identifies some of the already existing free and open source software components that may easily be put together to create new surgical simulation software. The present paper also discusses how these software components could be assembled together, by developing software that integrates the software components. Creating the new surgical simulation software assumes significance since currently there are few (if any) free and open source surgical simulation software packages available.
Category: Physics of Biology

[466] viXra:1712.0563 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-13 06:42:27

Digital Neutrino Resonance (DNR) Like the Noninvasive Medical Diagnostics Analytical Instrument

Authors: Imrich Krištof
Comments: 4 Pages.

Already traditional researches like computer tomography (CT), positron–emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are nowdays older (archaical) and dramatically growth significance, from discovery (RND) of detection of resonance neutrinos digitally, conclusion of inovatives researches in chronoscopy and nuclear physics. Discovery of detection of neutrinos neuropatic’s (VAINR), small sub–atomic particles, which are systematically ignorating whatever laws of traditional physics by revolution in last knowledge about this theme, in order to be possible incorporated in one from the oldest wishes of man “have to time in both direction”, although only during searching of pathology of central neural system (CNS) involving the human brain functions imaging and Medulla spinalis from it entranced nervus spinalis and reflexes aferential and eferential. This Spinal Medicine helps human with brain or spinal injuries to give back to “normal life” by using of “cluster medicine”, our excellence of the Czech Republic in this medical branch is work of Prof. MUDr. Eva Syková, DrSc. This article is focused on goal spreading of the newest evolution this extraordinary technics and science supposed a creation of new medically discipline neuroradiology, respectively neutrinoradiology: except diagnostics, therapeutic and pediatric neuroradiology also chronobiology. Wide field of application of RND will be have in Forensic Psychiatry is a sub–speciality of psychiatry and is related to criminology.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[465] viXra:1712.0562 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-23 03:42:08

On the Experimental Proofs of Strong Time Reversal Noninvariance in Nonlinear Optics.

Authors: Vladimir A. Kuz`menko
Comments: 5 Pages. The report at the Conference: Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Technology (FQMT), At Växjö, June 2017

A number of direct and indirect experimental proofs of nonequivalence of forward and reversed processes in quantum physics are discussed. Their strong inequality is a real physical base of nonlinear optics.
Category: Quantum Physics

[464] viXra:1712.0560 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 07:59:12

Secret Movement of Quantum Particles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions. For example, in one-dimensional chains of atoms that emerge within a bulk sample, electrons can separate into three distinct entities, each carrying information about just one aspect of the electron's identity—spin, charge, or orbit. The spinon, the entity that carries information about electron spin, has been known to control magnetism in certain insulating materials whose electron spins can point in any direction and easily flip direction. Now, a new study just published in Science reveals that spinons are also present in a metallic material in which the orbital movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus is the driving force behind the material's strong magnetism. [10] Currently studying entanglement in condensed matter systems is of great interest. This interest stems from the fact that some behaviors of such systems can only be explained with the aid of entanglement. [9] Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the University of Cambridge in the UK have demonstrated that it is possible to directly generate an electric current in a magnetic material by rotating its magnetization. [8] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[463] viXra:1712.0559 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 08:59:54

Weyl Particles Detected

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

At TU Wien recently, particles known as 'Weyl fermions' were discovered in materials with strong interaction between electrons. Just like light particles, they have no mass but nonetheless they move extremely slowly. [13] Quantum behavior plays a crucial role in novel and emergent material properties, such as superconductivity and magnetism. [12] A source of single photons that meets three important criteria for use in quantum-information systems has been unveiled in China by an international team of physicists. Based on a quantum dot, the device is an efficient source of photons that emerge as solo particles that are indistinguishable from each other. The researchers are now trying to use the source to create a quantum computer based on "boson sampling". [11] With the help of a semiconductor quantum dot, physicists at the University of Basel have developed a new type of light source that emits single photons. For the first time, the researchers have managed to create a stream of identical photons. [10] Optical photons would be ideal carriers to transfer quantum information over large distances. Researchers envisage a network where information is processed in certain nodes and transferred between them via photons. [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[462] viXra:1712.0558 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-23 12:24:04

Explaining Duality Without Complementarity or "Which Way" (Welcher-Weg) and Also Retro-Causality and Non-Locality

Authors: Sarma N Gullapalli
Comments: Number of pages: 9

An Axiom is presented and justified which (a) Explains duality in interference without complementarity or “which way” (welcher-weg) observation (b) Shows the equivalence: Coherence and alignment ≡ Interference ≡ No “which way” observation; No coherence or alignment ≡ No interference ≡ “which way” observation (c) Explains Wheeler’s delayed choice thought experiment (d) Explains results of experimental implementations of Wheeler’s experiment which show retro-causality with and without entanglement (e) Explains non-local action at a distance, and (f) Rephrases Albert Einstein’s unanswered question “Is quantum mechanics complete?” at a more fundamental level than just duality and non-locality. The explanation given does not require that the particle (photon) somehow “know” about the test setup or “which way” observation or change its behavior from particle to wave and vice versa as required by currently accepted explanation based on Niels Bohr’s complementarity principle. No new assumptions are made, only a new complete interpretation of probability which is already a fundamental assumption of quantum mechanics.
Category: Quantum Physics

[461] viXra:1712.0557 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 11:22:52

Boltzmann and Gibbs Definition of Entropy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

Researchers at UCM and CSS have encountered a partial violation of the second law of thermodynamics in a quantum system known as Hofstadter lattice. [13] Any understanding of the irreversibility of the arrow of time should account the quantum nature of the world that surrounds us. [12] Entropy, the measure of disorder in a physical system, is something that physicists understand well when systems are at equilibrium, meaning there's no external force throwing things out of kilter. But new research by Brown University physicists takes the idea of entropy out of its equilibrium comfort zone. [11] Could scientists use the Second Law of Thermodynamics on your chewing muscles to work out when you are going to die? According to research published in the International Journal of Exergy, the level of entropy, or thermodynamic disorder, in the chewing muscles in your jaw increases with each mouthful. This entropy begins to accumulate from the moment you're "on solids" until your last meal, but measuring it at any given point in your life could be used to estimate life expectancy. [10] There is also connection between statistical physics and evolutionary biology, since the arrow of time is working in the biological evolution also. From the standpoint of physics, there is one essential difference between living things and inanimate clumps of carbon atoms: The former tend to be much better at capturing energy from their environment and dissipating that energy as heat. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[460] viXra:1712.0556 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 12:03:44

Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Tunneling in IBM Quantum Computer

Authors: Narendra N. Hegade, Bikash K. Behera, Prasanta K. Panigrahi
Comments: 5 Pages.

According to Feynman, we should make nature to be quantum mechanical to simulate it better. Simulating quantum systems in a computer had been remained a challenging problem to tackle. It's mainly in case of a large quantum system. However, Feynman's 1982 conjecture that `physics can be simulated using a quantum computer other than using a Turing machine or a classical computer' has been proved to be correct. It is widely known that quantum computers have superior power as compared to classical computers in simulating quantum systems efficiently. Here we report the experimental realization of quantum tunneling through potential barriers by simulating it in the IBM quantum computer, which here acts as a universal quantum simulator. We take a two-qubit system for visualizing the tunneling process, which has a truly quantum nature. We clearly observe the tunneling through a barrier by our experimental results. This experiment inspires us to simulate other quantum mechanical problems which possess such quantum nature.
Category: Quantum Physics

[459] viXra:1712.0555 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 12:43:25

On the Fundamentals of Fernan's Physical Theory

Authors: Fernando Sánchez-Escribano Pérez
Comments: 12 Pages.

This text summarizes the fundamentals of Fernan´s Physical Theory.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[458] viXra:1712.0554 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 12:46:22

Conjecture that there is no a Square of an Odd Number to be as Well Lychrel Number

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this paper I make the following two conjectures: (I) There exist an infinity of squares of odd numbers n^2 such that n^2 + R(n^2), where R(n^2) is the number obtained reversing the digits of n^2, is a palindromic number; (II) There is no a square of an odd number to be as well Lychrel number. Note that a Lychrel number is a natural number that cannot form a palindrome through the iterative process of repeatedly reversing its digits and adding the resulting numbers (process sometimes called the 196-algorithm, 196 being the smallest such number) – see the sequence A023108 in OEIS.
Category: Number Theory

[457] viXra:1712.0553 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 13:57:54

Brief Discussion on the Nature of Time

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 7 Pages.

If our universe is blinking, off and on, a trillion times each second, then how does time actually work? And why do we perceive sequential time, where one event follows a seeming cause and effect? This short ebook describes how time actually works, and what makes it a coherent illusion. First, all of time is simultaneous. There is no backwards or forwards with time. When the universe blinks on, each cycle - all of time and space is newly constructed, with particles that did not exist one second ago. Sequential time is an illusion that has to do with the nature of perception and the ego. The massive present moment contains all of time, every second of every year, past, present, and future. When you travel thru time, you do not travel backwards or forwards. Rather, you are moving "sideways" across parallel timelines, that exist within the present moment. For those that want to solve the paradox, killing your grandfather in the past will not change your current reality, because for each person, there are a near-infinite number of probable timelines that exist simultaneously. Graphs and references are provided. #blinkinguniverse RLighthouse.com
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[456] viXra:1712.0552 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 14:33:50

Blinking Universe: Alternate Mathematical Solution

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 6 Pages.

This short technical paper presents an alternate mathematical approach for determining the blinking frequency of our universe. The source for this alternate idea comes from an email sent to this author in May 2015. The source author prefers to remain anonymous. Basically, Let's think about the fundamental unit of the universe as a classical entity. The energy of such a classical entity, using the equipartition theorem, translates the number of degrees of freedom into "units" of k_B*T (where T is the temperature and k_B is the well-known Boltzmann constant). In this way, we find that the fundamental energy is 3*k_B*T (6 d.o.f.). We use a foundational temperature, consistent with the anthropic principle, of the freezing point (and melting point) of the essential object for existence - water. Using this temperature, we obtain a fundamental energy of ~70.6 meV. Calculation is as follows: 70.6 meV / (\hbar \pi^4) = 1.1 THz. Note that the \pi^4 in general is \pi^D, where D is the number of spacetime dimensions in existence. Each reader must comprehend that our universe is literally blinking off and on, at 1.1 trillion times every second (THz). For those unconvinced that our universe is blinking, please read “The First Periodic Table for Elementary Particles,” or “1024 Elementary Particles” which provides compelling mathematical evidence. Also see youtube: Colonel Philip Corso, THE DAY AFTER ROSWELL; author comments on the Army's investigation of the 1947 Roswell vehicle; "We were never able to figure out how the propulsion system works... We only know it has something to do with blinking."
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[455] viXra:1712.0551 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 14:37:23

Elementary Particles: Solving the Antimatter Problem

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 8 Pages.

This short paper presents mathematical evidence that the “positron” found in numerous laboratory experiments - is actually a probable version of the muon neutrino, which is ordinary matter, not antimatter. This new evidence is based on the 1024-QAM model as the first Periodic Table for Elementary Particles. There are 16 probable versions of the muon neutrino with one third of the mass of an electron. 4 of these have the same charge-to-mass ratio as a common electron. Another 4 have twice the charge-to-mass as a common electron, but with the opposite charge (+2/3), causing them to move in the opposite direction in a magnetic field. To complicate matters further, note that there are 16 probable versions of an electron, with 4 different charges (0, -1, -1/3, +2/3). A 1024-QAM table was previously presented that graphically displays how all elementary particles are related, similar to the Standard Periodic Table in chemistry. This paper concludes there is no antimatter available in our universe. All such events can be explained as ordinary matter.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[454] viXra:1712.0550 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 14:43:07

Synthetic Food Production: Solving Global Hunger

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 9 Pages.

This short technical paper presents a concept with the potential to solve the global hunger problem. A Synthetic Food Production facility is described which can provide daily food supplies for thousands of people at extremely low cost. Using the representative example, and 5 to 10 people operating the facility, it is possible to provide up to 10,000 ears (about 200 bushels) of sweet corn per day. Basically, the process converts electricity into instant food, by time-forwarding the germinated seeds. The facility is minimally self-sustaining, and could be utilized for a wide variety of vegetables and fruits. The process can also be adapted for use on Mars, or any planet with light and a source of water.
Category: Physics of Biology

[453] viXra:1712.0549 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 15:12:29

Neutron Tracks Quantum Entanglement

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 26 Pages.

Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13] Yale University scientists have reached a milestone in their efforts to extend the durability and dependability of quantum information. [12] Using lasers to make data storage faster than ever. [11] Some three-dimensional materials can exhibit exotic properties that only exist in "lower" dimensions. For example, in one-dimensional chains of atoms that emerge within a bulk sample, electrons can separate into three distinct entities, each carrying information about just one aspect of the electron's identity—spin, charge, or orbit. The spinon, the entity that carries information about electron spin, has been known to control magnetism in certain insulating materials whose electron spins can point in any direction and easily flip direction. Now, a new study just published in Science reveals that spinons are also present in a metallic material in which the orbital movement of electrons around the atomic nucleus is the driving force behind the material's strong magnetism. [10] Currently studying entanglement in condensed matter systems is of great interest. This interest stems from the fact that some behaviors of such systems can only be explained with the aid of entanglement. [9] Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and the University of Cambridge in the UK have demonstrated that it is possible to directly generate an electric current in a magnetic material by rotating its magnetization. [8] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[452] viXra:1712.0548 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 22:32:37

Quantum Mechanics in Multiply Connected Spaces

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 23 Pages. This paper is an extract from my PhD thesis GEOMETRICAL AND TOPOLOGICAL METHODS IN CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM PHYSICS at Monash University in Australia. The paper was published in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen in 1996 under my name and my supervisor name.

This paper analyses quantum mechanics in multiply connected spaces. It is shown that the multiple connectedness of the configuration space of a physical system can determine the quantum nature of physical observables, such as the angular momentum. In particular, quantum mechanics in compactified Kaluza Klein spaces is examined. These compactified spaces give rise to an additional angular momentum which can adopt half integral values and therefore may be identified with the intrinsic spin of a quantum particle.
Category: Quantum Physics

[451] viXra:1712.0547 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 00:57:12

To Study on Examples! Nikitin V.N., Nikitin I.v. the Hypothesis of Emergence of Extraordinary Events on Earth – the Movement of Power Educations on the Internal Surface of the Pacific Plateau Causes a Tsunami, and on His Borders – Earthquakes and Volcanoe

Authors: Nikitin V.N., Nikitin I.V.
Comments: 2 Pages.

The hypothesis of emergence of extraordinary events on Earth – the movement of power educations on the internal surface of the Pacific plateau causes a tsunami, and on his borders – earthquakes and volcanoes.
Category: Astrophysics

[450] viXra:1712.0546 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-22 03:05:59

Correct Quantum Gravity is a Mechanical Effect Induced by Dynamic-Mass of Light’s Quanta

Authors: Antonio Puccini
Comments: 41 Pages.

In its natural state the electron is represented by superimposed quantum states. This is the phase of linear unitary evolution, or U Phase, described by Schrodinger equation. Whereas, when we carry out a measurement (M), it took place a reduction of the state vectors(R Process): we have the wave function collapse (WFC) of the measured quantum object (QO). The M, thus, produces a big changes on the physical properties of the observed particle. How do these changes happen? What is the secret mechanism which creates the WFC? We don’t know. With this paper we try to introduce a new parameter, induced by the electro-magnetic radiation (EMR), which can help us discern the doubts about the R Process, and try to find a continuity in order to link the U Phase to the R Process, so contrasting at the moment. The new parameter could be a gravity and quantum effect, when we try to make a M of a subatomic object. What is this effect represented by? It is a gravitational effect, since it is a mass-effect, a mechanical action induced by quanta of EMR: therefore, it is also a quantum effect. The photon (P) is indispensable to carry out a M. No M can be carried out without using the EMR. Calculus show that a P of the optic band hits an electron with a dynamic-mass, a radiation pressure, a pushing momentum equal to 1.32510-22[gcm/s]. Thus, we can infer it is a quantum gravitational effect to cause the WFC of the QO undergoing the M. In short, it could be essentially the mechanical action represented by the gravitational mass effect of light’s quanta to induce the WFC and the Measurement’s Paradox and, likely, make a starting point to a Correct Quantum Gravity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[449] viXra:1712.0544 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 05:36:34

Does the Deflection of High-Energy Photons Contradict General Relativity?

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 3 Pages.

According to the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST), photons and rotating neutrinos produce around them discs in the Einstein spacetime - there is obligatory the Einstein formula E = Mcc, where E is the photon/neutrino energy (the rotational energy) and M is the mass of photon/neutrino disc. In the discs, when they interact with fermions, there are created virtual pairs. Due to the quantum phenomena, the Principle of Equivalence (PE) is locally “broken” for photons with energy higher than 10 GeV - it leads to the incorrect conclusion that the deflection of high-energy photons contradicts general relativity. Here we show that general relativity describes correctly the bending of high-energy photons by masses when the weak interactions of the photon discs with matter are eliminated.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[448] viXra:1712.0543 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 08:23:56

Conjecture that there is no a Poulet Number to be as Well Lychrel Number

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 2 Pages.

In this paper I make the following two conjectures: (I) There exist an infinity of Poulet numbers P such that P + R(P), where R(P) is the number obtained reversing the digits of P, is a palindromic number; (II) There is no a Poulet number to be as well Lychrel number. Note that a Lychrel number is a natural number that cannot form a palindrome through the iterative process of repeatedly reversing its digits and adding the resulting numbers (process sometimes called the 196-algorithm, 196 being the smallest such number) – see the sequence A023108 in OEIS.
Category: Number Theory

[447] viXra:1712.0541 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 09:39:07

Hybrid Quantum Coupling

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[446] viXra:1712.0540 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-31 07:39:19

Structure in Reality

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 5 Pages. This is part of the Hilbert Book Model project

Study of the physical reality can happen in two different ways that meet each other at a certain point and then complement each other.
Category: Quantum Physics

[445] viXra:1712.0539 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 06:47:39

Integrals Containing the Infinite Product $\prod_{n=0}^\infty\left[1+\left(\frac{x}{b+n}\right)^3\right]$

Authors: Martin Nicholson
Comments: 8 Pages.

We study several integrals that contain the infinite product ${\displaystyle\prod_{n=0}^\infty}\left[1+\left(\frac{x}{b+n}\right)^3\right]$ in the denominator of their integrand. These considerations lead to closed form evaluation $\displaystyle\int_{-\infty}^\infty\frac{dx}{\left(e^x+e^{-x}+e^{ix\sqrt{3}}\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}$ and to some other formulas.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[444] viXra:1712.0538 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 07:22:45

Large-Scale Simulation of Quarks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

The Nuclear Physics with Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics Collaboration (NPLQCD), under the umbrella of the U.S. Quantum Chromodynamics Collaboration, performed the first model-independent calculation of the rate for proton-proton fusion directly from the dynamics of quarks and gluons using numerical techniques. [11] Nuclear physicists are now poised to embark on a new journey of discovery into the fundamental building blocks of the nucleus of the atom. [10] The drop of plasma was created in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is made up of two types of subatomic particles: quarks and gluons. Quarks are the building blocks of particles like protons and neutrons, while gluons are in charge of the strong interaction force between quarks. The new quark-gluon plasma is the hottest liquid that has ever been created in a laboratory at 4 trillion C (7 trillion F). Fitting for a plasma like the one at the birth of the universe. [9] Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Lattice QCD gives the same results as the diffraction patterns of the electromagnetic oscillators, explaining the color confinement and the asymptotic freedom of the Strong Interactions.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[443] viXra:1712.0536 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 10:04:24

Excitons for Quantum Computing

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[442] viXra:1712.0535 [pdf] replaced on 2018-02-26 09:31:15

Who Needs Dark Matter? Is the Galactic Rotation Anomaly an Optical Illusion?

Authors: Raymond HV Gallucci
Comments: 6 Pages. Added appendix to address conjecture of possible applicability of Halton Arp intrinsic redshift theory.

In an earlier paper, “Who Needs Dark Matter? An Alternative Explanation for the Galactic Rotation Anomaly,” this author examined a possible electromagnetic phenomenon as an explanation for the ‘galactic rotation anomaly,’ whereby the rotational speeds of stars in a spiral galaxy exhibit a relatively constant value despite increasing radius. There, this author assumed that angular rotation speed remained relatively constant, so as to preserve the stability of the spiral arms as they rotate. Several other authors’ theories were presented along with one by this author himself, which cited the magnetic field within the plane of a galaxy resulting from rotation by both the spherical galactic core and flattened ‘disk’ containing the spiral arms as possibly yielding the constant angular speed. However, many galactic rotation curves exhibit constant tangential rather than angular rotation speed, inconsistent with a ‘pinwheel-like’ galactic rotation which would preserve spiral arm stability. The possibility that this is really an ‘optical illusion’ masking the actual pinwheel-like rotation, and corresponding constancy of angular, not tangential, speed is considered here. Finally, speculation as to the phenomenon responsible for this ‘illusion’ is offered.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[441] viXra:1712.0534 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 12:31:14

Horizontal Planar Motion Mechanism (HPMM) Incorporated to the Existing Towing Carriage for Ship Manoeuvring Studies

Authors: Kunal Tiwari, Akhil Balagopalan, P. Krishnankutty
Comments: 6 Pages. Proceedings of the RINA 5th International Conference on Ship and Offshore Technology (ICSOT 2017); December 7-8, 2017, IIT Kharagpur, India. pp 421-426

Planar Motion Mechanism (PMM) equipment is a facility generally attached with Towing Tank to perform experimental studies with ship models to determine the manoeuvring characteristics of a ship. Ship model is oscillated at prescribed amplitude and frequency in different modes of operation while it is towed along the towing tank at predefined speed.The hydrodynamic forces and moments are recorded, analyzed and processed to get the hydrodynamic derivatives appearing in the manoeuvring equations of motion of a ship. This paper presents the details about the Horizontal Planar Motion Mechanism (HPMM) equipment which is designed, developed and installed in Towing Tank laboratory at IIT Madras.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[440] viXra:1712.0533 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 13:43:48

Classification of an Ads Solution

Authors: Thomas Günther
Comments: 7 Pages.

McVittie's model, which interpolates between a Schwarzschild Black Hole and an expanding global (FLRW) spacetime, can be constructed by a simple coordinate replacement in Schwarzschild's isotropic intervall. Analogously, one gets a similarly generated exact solution of Einstein's equations based on a static transformation of de Sitter's metric. The present article is concerned with the application of this method on the AdS (Anti de Sitter) spacetime. Multiplying the radial coordinate and it's differential by a function a(t) gives the basic line element. Einstein's equations for the modified interval reduce to a system of two differential equations, which are solved in the article. The resulting solution is classified depending on the value of the cosmological constant. Several promising theories like String theorie and AdS/CFT correspondence include spacetimes with higher dimensions. Thereby motivated, the previous results of this article are generalized to D dimensions in the last section.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[439] viXra:1712.0532 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 16:05:37

Dark Matter or Antimatter a la Cold

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 1 Page. So let it be written so let it be done by CERN or any other MADD Scientist Club !!!

The objective of this paper is to suggest that a photon can be cooled to -273 Kelvin and the photon can be slowed down around 10 m/s**2 and then a positive charge can be added to the minimally charged electron of the photon to create a positron which would be dark matter or antimatter, No Que No Carnal???
Category: Number Theory

[438] viXra:1712.0531 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-23 17:07:23

Searching for the Gravific Photons

Authors: Fran De Aquino
Comments: 3 Pages.

It was show that the linear momentum transported by electromagnetic waves has a negative component, in such way that, when a radiation incides on a surface, it is exerted a pressure on opposite direction to the direction of propagation of the radiation. In addition, it was predicted the existence of photons in which the negative component of the momentum is greater than the positive one. These photons were called attractive photons or gravific photons. Here, we show how to produce and to detect this type of photons.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[437] viXra:1712.0530 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-20 23:12:04

An Energy-Based Derivation of Lorentz Transformation in One Inertial Frame

Authors: Edwin Eugene Klingman
Comments: 14 Pages.

The special theory of relativity is classically interpreted in terms of space-time symmetry, with the Lorentz transformation modifying the Galilean transformation as required to translate between 4-dimensional inertial frames as defined by Einstein and developed in relativistic texts (1..6). We begin here an energy-time asymmetrical interpretation based on multiplying the Galilean transformation by an energy factor representing the difference in energy between a system at rest and a system moving with velocity , both systems existing in one universal inertial frame. Detailed consequences of this energy-time interpretation of Lorentz-based physics will be treated in following papers.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[436] viXra:1712.0528 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-21 01:38:25

A Simple Introduction to Karmarkar's Algorithm for Linear Programming

Authors: Sanjeev Saxena
Comments: 11 Pages.

An extremely simple, description of Karmarkar's algorithm with very few technical terms is given.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[435] viXra:1712.0527 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-22 03:17:59

Angle Change and Relativity

Authors: Wan-Chung Hu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Angle change is not fully explained in special relativity. This article is focusing on angle change in special relativity and to derive spinity by the concept of additive angular velocity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[434] viXra:1712.0526 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 13:18:54

Electrical Current with Spinning Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

In new research, scientists at the University of Minnesota used a first-of-its-kind device to demonstrate a way to control the direction of the photocurrent without deploying an electric voltage. [13] Brown University researchers have demonstrated for the first time a method of substantially changing the spatial coherence of light. [12] Researchers at the University of Central Florida have generated what is being deemed the fastest light pulse ever developed. [11] Physicists at Chalmers University of Technology and Free University of Brussels have now found a method to significantly enhance optical force. [10] Nature Communications today published research by a team comprising Scottish and South African researchers, demonstrating entanglement swapping and teleportation of orbital angular momentum 'patterns' of light. [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[433] viXra:1712.0525 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 13:45:25

Control Superconductivity using Spin Current

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 22 Pages.

A group of researchers from institutions in Korea and the United States has determined how to employ a type of electron microscopy to cause regions within an iron-based superconductor to flip between superconducting and non-superconducting states. [14] In new research, scientists at the University of Minnesota used a first-of-its-kind device to demonstrate a way to control the direction of the photocurrent without deploying an electric voltage. [13] Brown University researchers have demonstrated for the first time a method of substantially changing the spatial coherence of light. [12] Researchers at the University of Central Florida have generated what is being deemed the fastest light pulse ever developed. [11] Physicists at Chalmers University of Technology and Free University of Brussels have now found a method to significantly enhance optical force. [10] Nature Communications today published research by a team comprising Scottish and South African researchers, demonstrating entanglement swapping and teleportation of orbital angular momentum 'patterns' of light. [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[432] viXra:1712.0524 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 13:56:07

Projection of a Vector upon a Plane from an Arbitrary Angle, via Geometric (Clifford) Algebra

Authors: James A. Smith
Comments: 8 Pages.

We show how to calculate the projection of a vector, from an arbitrary direction, upon a given plane whose orientation is characterized by its normal vector, and by a bivector to which the plane is parallel. The resulting solutions are tested by means of an interactive GeoGebra construction.
Category: Geometry

[431] viXra:1712.0523 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 15:10:42

MC Physics: Our Charged Universe- Matter Formation

Authors: Kenneth D. Oglesby
Comments: Pages.

MC Physics finds that we live in a CHARGED UNIVERSE. Our Universe is charged because all matter is made of quantized charges, called “mono-charges”, and all forces result from interactions between those charges. It is not an ‘electric’ Universe as that is too narrow a charge strength definition to describe all known matter, their properties and behavior, and all forces. We now live in a (mostly) charge neutral Universe because those mono-charges were progressively ‘driven’ by attraction charge forces over time and a cooling Universe to become overall charge neutral. This paper describes HOW and WHY those mono-charges, charge forces and joining processes formed the matter we see around us today. MC Physics proposes that a set of earliest Universe Quantization and Kinetic Energy events (collectively called “Big Bang”?) first split basic neutral CHARGE into two equal charge types (positive and negative, by convention), then it caused an uneven (or statistically skewed) charge strength distribution of those two charge types, which formed all mono-charges. Those events then caused all mono-charges to be forcibly repelled at high velocity, causing a very high kinetic energy initial Universe. Those highly kinetic quantized mono-charges, each now with a singular charge strength of either charge type, caused all force interactions, applied forces and subsequent physical reactions in the Universe, as all forces are charge force derived between mono-charges. Those mono-charges used those charge forces to ultimately form all matter in the Universe using the processes described in this paper. The strongest evidence of mono-charge existence comes from MC Physics’ real physical model of the simplest physical entity in the Universe, a real elemental photon particle. No other real physical model is known to exist to explain all the properties of light/ radiation photons. Additional evidence of mono-charges comes from the continuity and repeatability of the ‘flipping/ rotating’ step to form alternating mono-charge type structures theorized for: mono-charges directly joining other mono-charges to form elemental particles; elemental quark particles directly joining other quarks to form composite protons; protons directly joining other protons to form nuclei; nuclei directly joining electron charges to form neutral atoms, and atoms directly joining other atoms to form molecules, etc. This paper describes MC Physics’ theory of matter formation using those mono-charges, charge forces and processes divided into chapters covering: 1. Mono-Charge Basics 2. Charge Force Laws and Rules 3. Properties of Existing Matter 4. F-SCoTt Process of Matter Formation 5. Initial Quantization & Kinetic Energy Events(s) 6. Universe Time Line of Matter Formation 7. New Standard Model of Matter
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[430] viXra:1712.0520 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 19:43:58

Newtons_1st_law_of_motion_must_be_wrong

Authors: Sprenova Fan
Comments: 1 Page.

We all know that an object can move, but it is mystery as well as a Nobel price level reseach for the origin of motion. Thus, I solve this problem and by the way, win Nobel prize.
Category: Classical Physics

[429] viXra:1712.0519 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 19:49:52

The Bilateral Laplace Transform of the Positive Even Functions and a Proof of Riemann Hypothesis

Authors: Seong Won Cha
Comments: 11 Pages.

We show that some interesting properties of the bilateral Laplace transform of even and positive functions both on the line z=x+iy0 and on a circle. We also show the Riemann hypothesis is true using these properties.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[428] viXra:1712.0518 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 19:54:51

Updated Kepler Exoplanet Discoveries Due to New Theory of Planet Formation

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

Utilizing the General Theory and the Radiation Principle of Stellar Evolution it is made clear that the actual count of discovered exoplanets is over 40,000,000 as of the publication date of this paper. Explanation is provided.
Category: Astrophysics

[427] viXra:1712.0517 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 21:54:13

The Refutation of Gravitational Attraction

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

Gravitational acceleration is independent of composition, shape, size, surface, and distance by falling body experiments.

On the other hand, attraction acceleration is dependent on it's mass and composition (shape, size, surface, and distance are distribution of mass, or function of mass and distance).

Therefore,gravity is not attraction.


Category: Astrophysics

[426] viXra:1712.0516 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 22:07:26

Delusion of Time Dilation

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 21 Pages.

Exploits speed, time, and space to show why time dilation is impossible. Space and time are completely independent. Fundamental matter, energy, and space has existence and completely recyclable. However, time is only reference information. It doest not exist. Among all, time can not be recycled!

Clocks can drift, yet, it is absolutely independent of time. Can we suppose the expansion or contraction of a yard stick meant the space has changed?


Category: Classical Physics

[425] viXra:1712.0515 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 22:12:59

Hidden Truth of Double-Slit Test

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 36 Pages.

Basically, double-slit device is intrusive wave detector. Shooting particles to study their properties is intrusion. It would not be the same as performing autopsy on tabletop. The difficulty is not only studying a particle in motion, but keeping it still is not any easier, if possible. We are incapable of identifying it's individuality. Particle is a mass of it's own entity, and wave is the reaction of it's complement. Above all, The rest of the universe is the absolute complement of an object. Even a particle, it is impossible for it to be anywhere else at the same time, since anywhere else is it's absolute complement.


Category: Classical Physics

[424] viXra:1712.0514 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 22:16:26

Event and Information

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 30 Pages.

Our perception is the information of physical events collected by sensors. Observation is a special case of hi-speed transportation of stream of information packages. The arrival order and interval and the quality would determine the perception of the observer. Additionally, not all arrived packages are perceived. We can catch more packages by improving the sensitivity and faster response of apparatus. However, most is lost. We can be fooled by what we see.
Category: Classical Physics

[423] viXra:1712.0513 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 22:25:09

Driving Force of Tectonic Plate

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 8 Pages.

Gravity is the inward force of keeping it's spherical shape. Force of tectonic motion has to fight against gravity to push the crust from the ocean floor to the top of mountain ranges. The only force that is persistently counteracting and can be stronger then gravity is the centrifugal force. It is likely the centrifugal acceleration made Earth oblate spheroid, and the main driving force of waving mantle along with crust, water and atmosphere.

This preliminary is only an open proposal for further study from the view of mantle/crust waves. Additionally, the added mass and energy of Solar particles and momentum could impact the crust. Like kneading Earth dough, the magnitude could be larger than we think by far. Further study is also recommended.


Category: Geophysics

[422] viXra:1712.0511 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-21 15:20:08

A Strange Coincidence in the Behaviour of Leptons and Mesons

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 5 Pages.

According to the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST), all hadrons are built of the Einstein-spacetime (ES) components (they are the neutrino-antineutrino pairs - their detection is much difficult than neutrinos) and neutrino(s). The ES components are the carriers of the photons and gluons (they are the rotational energies). It leads to conclusion that sometimes we should observe some coincidences in the behaviour of neutrinos and hadrons. Here we show one of such lepton-meson coincidence - there is the similarity of the curves for the neutrino cross-section per neutrino energy in quasi-elastic (QE) scattering and for the kaon-to-pion ratio - in both curves, there is a “horn” and the origin of the separated two curves is the same.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[421] viXra:1712.0509 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-04 02:02:34

Structuur in de Realiteit

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 4 Pages. Dit behoort bij het Hilbert Book Model project

Bestudering van de fysieke realiteit kan op twee verschillende wijzen gebeuren die elkaar op een bepaald moment ontmoeten en aanvullen.
Category: Quantum Physics

[420] viXra:1712.0508 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 09:29:20

New Type of Quantum Material

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

A potential new state of matter is being reported in the journal Nature, with research showing that among superconducting materials in high magnetic fields, the phenomenon of electronic symmetry breaking is common. [30] Researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland and the Technical University Munich in Germany have lifted the veil on the electronic characteristics of high-temperature superconductors. Their research, published in Nature Communications, shows that the electronic densities measured in these superconductors are a combination of two separate effects. As a result, they propose a new model that suggests the existence of two coexisting states rather than competing ones postulated for the past thirty years, a small revolution in the world of superconductivity. [29] A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory combined powerful magnetic pulses with some of the brightest X-rays on the planet to discover a surprising 3-D arrangement of a material's electrons that appears closely linked to a mysterious phenomenon known as high-temperature superconductivity. [28] Advanced x-ray technique reveals surprising quantum excitations that persist through materials with or without superconductivity. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[419] viXra:1712.0507 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 10:29:58

Quantum Experiments and Graph Theory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

An answer to a quantum-physical question provided by the algorithm Melvin has uncovered a hidden link between quantum experiments and the mathematical field of Graph Theory. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16] Now a team of Penn State electrical engineers have a way to simultaneously control diverse optical properties of dielectric waveguides by using a two-layer coating, each layer with a near zero thickness and weight. [15] Just like in normal road traffic, crossings are indispensable in optical signal processing. In order to avoid collisions, a clear traffic rule is required. A new method has now been developed at TU Wien to provide such a rule for light signals. [14]
Category: Quantum Physics

[418] viXra:1712.0506 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 12:40:48

Quantum Memory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[417] viXra:1712.0505 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 14:55:36

Special and General Relativity and the Relativistic Ether as Observer Dependent by the Retardation

Authors: Azzam Almosallami
Comments: 20 Pages.

In this paper I’ll show how the relativistic effect in SRT must be observer dependent which is leading to field and retardation, and that is leading to the wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle by the vacuum fluctuation. In this I propose a new transformation by translating the retardation according to the invariance by the entanglement which is leading to the relativistic ether from the point of view of the quantum vacuum which is leading to the wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle by the vacuum fluctuation. According to my transformation, there two pictures for the moving train, and these two pictures are separate in space and time as a result of the retardation but they are entangled by the invariance of the energy momentum. That will lead also to explain the double slit experiment from the point of view of quantum theory. In my new transformation, I propose there is no space-time continuum, as in special relativity; it is only time, and space is invariant. That leads to the new transformation being vacuum energy dependent instead of relative velocity dependent as in Einstein’s interpretation of the Lorentz transformation equations of the theory of special relativity. Furthermore, the Lorentz factor in my transformation is equivalent to the refractive index in optics. That leads to the disappearance of all the paradoxes of the theory of special relativity: The Twin paradox, Ehrenfest paradox, the Ladder paradox, and Bell’s spaceship paradox. Furthermore, according to my interpretation, one could explain the experimental results of quantum tunneling and entanglement (spooky action), Casimir effect, and Hartman effect. Also according to that by my equivalence principle, dark matter and dark energy are explained, and no need to propose dark matter and dark energy, and as a consequence of that, the cosmological constant problem will be solved.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[416] viXra:1712.0504 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 15:14:48

Essay on Statistics

Authors: Samir Ait-Amrane
Comments: 12 Pages. In French

In this paper, we will explain some basic notions of statistics, first in the case of one variable, then in the case of two variables, while organizing ideas and drawing a parallel between some statistical and probabilistic formulas that are alike. We will also say a brief word about econometrics, time series and stochastic processes and provide some bibliographical references where these notions are explained clearly.
Category: Statistics

[415] viXra:1712.0503 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 17:47:24

The Inconsistent Equivalence Principle

Authors: Alfonso Leon Guillen Gomez
Comments: 13 Pages.

The equivalence principle between the gravitational motion and the inertial motion is false because a particle or body successively in two any contiguous points while in a gravitational frame they have different kinetic energy, instead they always have equal kinetic energy in an inertial frame.
Category: Classical Physics

[414] viXra:1712.0501 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 22:19:46

Thought Force is a New Fundamental Interaction

Authors: Tamas Lajtner
Comments: 27 Pages.

According to current, widespread understanding, measurable thoughts are electromagnetic signals of the brain. The spectrum of frequency of the brain’s electric signals is known. We made a very simple experiment with force of thought using a paper wheel. We concluded that the energy carried by thoughts (expressed in frequency of energy wave) was eight orders of magnitude beyond the highest frequencies of the brain’s electric waves. The brain’s electromagnetic signal doesn’t explain all effects of thought, it is just a part of measurable thought. Measurable thought is more than the brain’s electromagnetic signal. Thought is a gravity-like force. According to modern physics, gravity is the deformation of space-time. With this definition, however, we can only partially account for the peculiarities of the force of thought. For a complete understanding, we must redefine the concept of gravity; and for this, we must broaden our concept of the "space-time" conceptual system. This broader version is the "space-matter" model. Space-time constitutes a part of the spacematter model. The fundamental difference between the two lies in the definition of time. In the space-matter model, time is created through the action-reaction of space and matter. Time is the wave of space from the viewpoint of matter. Thought manifests itself as a new fundamental force. This new force can be gives either as the changes in the frequencies of space waves (and time waves), or as non-space waves that are faster than light.
Category: Physics of Biology

[413] viXra:1712.0500 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-19 01:33:03

Никитин В.Н., Никитина Н.Н., Никитин И.В. ГОРОД БОГА – КВИНТЭССЕНЦИЯ ЭКСКЛЮЗИВНЫХ ГИПОТЕЗ ИЗ ГЛУБИНКИ Город Бога – это продукт галактического распада Вселенской Белой Дыры.

Authors: Nikitin V.N., Nikitina N.N., Nikitin I.V.
Comments: 1 Page.

Город Бога – это продукт галактического распада Вселенской Белой Дыры.
Category: Astrophysics

[412] viXra:1712.0499 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 06:33:01

A Novel Closed Form for Truncated Distributions with Integer Parameters & Hyper-Normal Probabilistic-Weighted Correlation

Authors: Jason Lind
Comments: 2 Pages.

Development a novel closed form, for integer bounds, of Truncated Distribution and an application of that to a weighting function that favors values further from the origin.
Category: Statistics

[411] viXra:1712.0497 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 07:26:09

At the Bottom Nikitin V.N., Nikitin I.v., Nikitina N.N. the Flat Bottom of Lunar Craters is a Pripylenny Surface of the Frozen Liquid

Authors: Nikitin V.N., Nikitin I.V., Nikitina N.N.
Comments: 1 Page.

The flat bottom of lunar craters is a pripylenny surface of the frozen liquid.
Category: Astrophysics

[410] viXra:1712.0496 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-01 08:51:01

Disproof of Bigbang

Authors: Ivo van der Rijt
Comments: 21 Pages.

NA
Category: Astrophysics

[409] viXra:1712.0495 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 08:50:22

Just Keep it in Mind: Information is a Complex Notion with Physical and Semantic Information Staying for Real and Imaginary Parts of the Expression

Authors: Emanuel Diamant
Comments: 3 Pages. Presented at the IS4SI 2017 Summit, Information Theory Section, Gothenburg, Sweden, 12–16 June 2017

Shannon’s Information was devised to improve the performance of a data communication channel. Since then, the situation has changed drastically and today a more generally applicable and suitable definition of information is urgently required. To meet this demand, I have proposed a definition of my own. According to it, information is a complex notion with Physical and Semantic information staying for Real and Imaginary parts of the term. The scientific community has very unfriendly accepted this idea. But without a better solution for the problem of: 1) intron-exon partition in genes, 2) information flow in neuronal networks, 3) memory creation and potentiation in brains, 4) thoughts and thinking materialization in human heads, and 5) the undeniable shift from Computational (that is, data processing based) approach to Cognitive (that is, information processing based) approach in the field of scientific research, they would be forced to admit one day that something worthy is in this new definition.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[408] viXra:1712.0494 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 09:05:26

Shannon's Definition of Information is Obsolete and Inadequate. it is Time to Embrace Kolmogorov’s Insights on the Matter

Authors: Emanuel Diamant
Comments: 3 Pages. Presented at the 2016 ICSEE International Conference, Eilat, Israel, 16 – 18 November 2016.

Information Theory, as developed by Claude Shannon in 1948, was about the communication of messages as electronic signals via a transmission channel. Only physical properties of the signal and the channel have been taken into account. While the meaning of the message has been ignored totally. Such an approach to information met very well the requirements of a data communication channel. But recent advances in almost all sciences put an urgent demand for meaningful information inclusion into the body of a communicated message. To meet this demand, I have proposed a new definition of information. In this definition, information is seen as a complex notion composed of two inseparable parts: Physical information and Semantic information. Classical informations such as Shannon, Fisher, Renyi, Kolmogorov’s complexity, and Chaitin’s algorithmic information – they are all physical information variants. Semantic information is a new concept and it desires to be properly studied, treated, and used.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[407] viXra:1712.0493 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-18 09:21:04

The Brain is Processing Information, not Data: Does Anybody Knows About That?

Authors: Emanuel Diamant
Comments: 10 Pages. A preliminary version presented at The ISIS Summit “The Information Society at the Crossroads”, Vienna, Austria, 3–7 June 2015

Discriminating and opposing “data” and “information” (as it is emphasized in the paper’s title) for most of the scientific community sounds like something odd and unnatural. Raised in the spirit of Shannon’s Information Theory, most of the scientific community is convinced that data and information are inseparable. Nevertheless, over the last decade we witness a growing recognition that Shannon’s Information Theory is wrong, or speaking more politely, is limited only to data communication issues. Today, distinguishing data and information processing is gradually becoming a popular and widespread trend. However, because this trend is missing a firm theoretical underpinning, it looks a bit messy and inconsistent. Despite of this, the paradigm shift in contemporary science is clearly evident – from a data processing (computational) approach we are firstly moving to an information processing (cognitive) approach. (“Cognitive” here implies “capable of information processing”). Undeniably, Computational biology, Computational neuroscience, Computational linguistics (and so on) are being replaced today by Cognitive biology, Cognitive neuroscience, Cognitive linguistics, and so on. However, this tendency is hampered by a lack of understanding about what is “information processing”. Subsequently, a question “what is information?” immediately rise up. A consensus answer to it does not exist. I believe I have the answer. But instead of repetitive explanations about what is information, I prefer to bring an informational perspective to the everyday practice of scientific exploration, especially biological and neuroscience explorations. Maybe this will be more advantageous.
Category: Quantitative Biology

[406] viXra:1712.0492 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-17 13:40:40

Quarks Fake – Brief Chronology

Authors: Peter Sujak
Comments: 3 Pages.

This paper shows that there is no doubt that a fantasy of the Standard Model has nothing to do with science. This paper is an extension of the Standard Model topic in author's August 2017 published book titled "Einstein's Destruction of Physics". Per this book all references as summary references are directed in this paper.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[405] viXra:1712.0491 [pdf] replaced on 2021-10-30 16:40:19

An Alternative to the Schwarzschild Solution of GTR

Authors: Andrew Thomas Holster
Comments: 36 Pages. (Minor additions to the original.)

The Schwarzschild metric is for a spherical static central mass, and is the simplest solution in General Relativity (GTR). But here we introduce an alternative spherical metric, which we call the K-metric, and argue that it may be considered as a possible alternative metric law, and should be empirically tested. It is the analytic continuation of the Schwarzschild metric, and the two are almost indistinguishable in the solar system. But they have different forms, they can be tested in the solar system, and the result has strong consequences for black holes and cosmology. We first show the K-metric is a consistent GTR metric, deriving the stress-energy tensor to produce it, working backwards through the GTR equation to find the mass distribution. We then observe that this can be taken as an alternative “gravitational tensor”, in which “gravitational mass” is dispersed around the inertial mass of a particle. This gives an alternative theory of gravity, with a linear superposition principle for fields, which we briefly outline. We then describe how a test may be carried out. The main point is that this appears as the natural solution for gravity for a class of models in which gravity is produced as a scale-symmetric continuous spatial distortion, without discontinuities. The proposition is that this represents a plausible testable variation of GTR, and is perhaps the most radical variation that remains untested today.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[404] viXra:1712.0489 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-28 02:49:35

Refutation of SRT Time Dilation

Authors: John Lawrence Duval
Comments: 2 Pages.

The only way to comprehensively refute Einstein's SRT Time Dilation idea, is to reveal the errors - both logical and trigonometric - in the thought experiment upon which it is based. This work does just that.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[403] viXra:1712.0488 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-27 08:44:06

Brief Solutions to Collatz Problem, Goldbach Conjecture and Twin Primes

Authors: Mesut KAVAK
Comments: 5 Pages.

I published some solutions a time ago to Goldbach Conjecture, Collatz Problem and Twin Primes; but I noticed that there were some serious logic voids to explain the problems. After that I made some corrections in my another article; but still there were some mistakes. Even so, I can say it easily that here I brought exact solutions for them out by new methods back to the drawing board.
Category: Number Theory

[402] viXra:1712.0487 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-17 05:32:41

Field Theory with Fourth-order Differential Equations

Authors: Rui-Cheng LI
Comments: 90 Pages.

We introduce a new class of higgs type fields $\{U,U^{\mu},U^{\mu\nu}\}$ with Feynman propagator $\thicksim 1/p^4$, and consider the matching to the traditional gauge fields with propagator $\thicksim 1/p^2$ in the viewpoint of effective potentials at tree level. With some particular restrictions on the convergence, there are a wealth of potential forms generated by the fields $\{U,U^{\mu},U^{\mu\nu}\}$, such as: (1) in the case of $U$ coupled to the intrinsic charges of matter fields, electromagnetic Coulomb potential with an extra linear potential and Newton's gravitation could be generated with the operators of different orders from the dynamics of $U$, respectively; (2) for the matter fields, with the multi-vacuum structure of a sine-Gordon type vector field $A^{\mu}$ induced from $U$, a seesaw mechanism for gauge symmetry and flavor symmetry of fermions could be generated, in which the heavy fermions could be produced; besides, by treating the fermion current as a field, a possible way for renormalizable gravity could be proposed; (3) the Coulomb potential in electromagnetism and gravitation could be generated by an anti-symmetric field strength of $U^{\mu}$, when it's coupled to the intrinsic charge and momentum of matter fields, respectively; and, except for the Coulomb part in each case, there is a linear and a logarithmic part in the former case which might correspond to the confinement in strong QED, while there is a linear and a logarithmic part in the latter case which might correspond to the dark energy effects in the impulsive case and dark matter effects in the attractive case, respectively; besides, a symmetric field strength of $U^{\mu}$ could also generate the same gravitation form as the anti-symmetric case; (4) a nonlinear version Klein-Gordon equation, QED and the Einstein's general relativity, could be generated as a low energy approximation of the dynamics of $U$, $U^{\mu}$ and $U^{\mu\nu}$, respectively; moreover, in the weak field case, the gauge symmetry could superficially arise, and, a linear QED, linear gravitation and a 3rd-order tensor version QED could be generated by relating the field strength of $U$, $U^{\mu}$ and $U^{\mu\nu}$ to the corresponding gauge fields, respectively; (5) for the massive $\{U, U^{\mu}\}$, attractive potentials for particles with the same kind of charges could be generated, which might serve as candidate for interactions maintaining the s-wave pairing and d-wave pairing Cooper pairs in superconductors, with electric charge in the $U$ case and magnetic moment in the $U^{\mu}$ case as interaction charge, respectively; etc.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[401] viXra:1712.0486 [pdf] replaced on 2019-12-28 14:52:22

Finite and Infinite Product Transformations

Authors: Martin Nicholson
Comments: 12 Pages. 6 new theorems added, presentation and notation improved, more details added in the abstract, typo corrected

Several infinite products are studied that satisfy the transformation relation of the type $f(\alpha)=f(1/\alpha)$. For certain values of the parameters these infinite products reduce to modular forms. Finite counterparts of these infinite products are motivated by solution of Dirichlet boundary problem on a rectangular grid. These finite product formulas give an elementary proof of several modular transformations.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[400] viXra:1712.0485 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-17 11:28:49

Force Between Two Parallel Current Wires and Newton’s Third Law

Authors: Yannan Yang
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, the essence of the interaction between two parallel current wires is analyzed. During the analysis we found that if the interaction is originated from the resultant Lorentz force of the charge carriers in the currents, the Newton’s third law will be violated in this system. However, if the essence of the interaction of the two current wires is considered as the attraction or repulsion of the two circular magnetic fields created by each current, the trouble of violating Newton’s third law can be avoided.
Category: Classical Physics

[399] viXra:1712.0484 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 16:46:07

The Closed-Form Theory of Tuned Mass Damper with Hysteretic Friction

Authors: Roman Vinokur
Comments: 24 Pages.

The classical theory of lumped mechanical systems employs the viscous friction mechanisms (dashpots), while the loss factors of most solid structures are controlled by hysteresis. This paper presents analysis of the forced vibration of 2-DOF in-series systems with hysteretic friction where one of the partial 1-DOF systems plays the role of tuned (or auxiliary) mass damper (TMD). The assumption of hysteretic damping is acceptable if the loss factor remains about stable at least in the frequency range containing the resonance peaks. The closed-form simple relationships for the transmissibility at the resonance frequencies are derived in the “nearby” case where (1) the natural undamped frequencies of 2-DOF in-series system are most close to each other and (2) the loss factors of the 2-DOF system become similar and equal to the arithmetic average of the partial loss factors. The independent parameters are the mass ratio and partial loss factors. The relationships become very simple if the mass ratio is high or low compared to the square of each partial loss factor. In cases where the ratio of natural undamped frequencies of 2-DOF system are moderately lower or higher than in the “nearby case”, the transmissibility peak magnitudes are about similar to those for the “nearby” case. The results can be utilized for the noise and vibration control in machinery and buildings.
Category: Classical Physics

[398] viXra:1712.0483 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 19:45:21

Electromagnetic Mass Reduction Repulsion Boots

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 2 Pages. This paper is about Human performance, mass reduction through repulsion and Mathematical Physics.

The purpose of this paper is to show how these electronic mass reduction repulsion boot(similar to magnetic field disruption TR3B (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au4hbUm4mMo) could be used on the Talos to reduce the weight of the suit.(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFmFl5eE8vc).
Category: Number Theory

[397] viXra:1712.0482 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-17 02:19:30

Blue Rib Bridge or Hiway

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 1 Page. To make a Tesla car, put one or more car batteries in the front seat and run a jumper cable to the cigarette lighter.

The purpose of this paper is to point out the Blue Rib Bridge or Highway A.K.A the Pinn Oak or Hausmann Stargate.
Category: Number Theory

[396] viXra:1712.0480 [pdf] replaced on 2019-05-04 18:14:19

Derivation Method of Numerous Dynamics in the Special Theory of Relativity

Authors: Roman Szostek
Comments: 24 Pages. There are many dynamics in STR, and not one, it is believed.

The article presents my innovative method of deriving dynamics in the Special Theory of Relativity. This method enables to derive infinitely many dynamics in relativistic mechanics. I have shown five examples of these derivations. In this way, I have shown that the dynamics known today as the dynamics of Special Theory of Relativity is only one of infinitely possible. There is also no reason to treat this relativistic dynamics as exceptional, either for experimental or theoretical reasons. Therefore, determination of which possible dynamics of relativistic mechanics is a correct model of reality remains an open problem of physics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[395] viXra:1712.0479 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 09:24:13

Single Photon Detector

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Engineers have shown that a widely used method of detecting single photons can also count the presence of at least four photons at a time. [28] An international team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has presented a core technology for quantum photonic devices used in quantum information processing. They have proposed combining of quantum dots for generating light and silicon photonic technologies for manipulating light on a single device. [27]Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[394] viXra:1712.0478 [pdf] replaced on 2020-01-13 12:11:22

Two-Dimensional Fourier Transformations and Double Mordell Integrals

Authors: Martin Nicholson
Comments: 12 Pages. 2 references and a new section is adde, presentation and notation improved, typos corrected, abstract rewritten to better reflect the contents of the paper.

Several Fourier transformations of functions of one and two variables are evaluated andthen used to derive some integral and series identities. It is shown that certain double Mordellintegrals can be reduced to a sum of products of one-dimensional Mordell integrals. As aconsequence of this reduction, a quadratic polynomial identity is found connecting productsof certain one-dimensional Mordell integrals. An integral that depends on one real valuedparameter is calculated reminiscent of an integral previously calculated by Ramanujan andGlasser. Some connections to elliptic functions and lattice sums are discussed.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[393] viXra:1712.0477 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-17 05:14:38

On Quantization of Interacting Velocity Gauge Fields

Authors: Jean Pierre Rukundo
Comments: 4 Pages.

The many velocity gauge fields interaction Lagrangian density is extended to a continuous spectrum Lagrangian then quantized and normalized. The Euler-Lagrange equation is transformed to the Yang-Mills field, integral and curvature form operators. The Yang-Mills field form operator quantization gives the equivalent Dirac equation, the integral form operator quantization gives perturbation series similar to the path integral formulation of Quantum mechanics and the curvature form operator is used to get the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian density; operators are quantized with mass eigenvalue. Finally, the normalization of the wave function gives a charged massive particle Lagrangian density with six representations.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[392] viXra:1712.0476 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 10:21:17

Collective Quantum Modes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

ICFO researchers created a novel type of liquid 100 million times more dilute than water and 1 million times thinner than air. The experiments, published in Science, exploit a fascinating quantum effect to produce droplets of this exotic phase of matter. [14] "In a quantum spin liquid, spins continually fluctuate due to quantum effects and never enter a static ordered arrangement, in contrast to conventional magnets," Kelley said. "These states can host exotic quasiparticles that can be detected by inelastic neutron scattering." [13] An international team of researchers have found evidence of a mysterious new state of matter, first predicted 40 years ago, in a real material. This state, known as a quantum spin liquid, causes electrons-thought to be indivisible building blocks of nature-to break into pieces. [12] In a single particle system, the behavior of the particle is well understood by solving the Schrödinger equation. Here the particle possesses wave nature characterized by the de Broglie wave length. In a many particle system, on the other hand, the particles interact each other in a quantum mechanical way and behave as if they are "liquid". This is called quantum liquid whose properties are very different from that of the single particle case. [11] Quantum coherence and quantum entanglement are two landmark features of quantum physics, and now physicists have demonstrated that the two phenomena are "operationally equivalent"—that is, equivalent for all practical purposes, though still conceptually distinct. This finding allows physicists to apply decades of research on entanglement to the more fundamental but less-well-researched concept of coherence, offering the possibility of advancing a wide range of quantum technologies. [10] The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[391] viXra:1712.0475 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 11:09:58

Quantum Behavior of Resonant Systems

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

A collaboration of scientists from five of the world's most advanced x-ray sources in Europe, Japan and the US, has succeeded in verifying a basic prediction of the quantum-mechanical behavior of resonant systems. [25] This achievement is considered as an important landmark for the realization of practical application of photon upconversion technology. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16] Now a team of Penn State electrical engineers have a way to simultaneously control diverse optical properties of dielectric waveguides by using a two-layer coating, each layer with a near zero thickness and weight. [15]
Category: Quantum Physics

[390] viXra:1712.0474 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 13:20:16

Consciousness

Authors: Robert T. Longo
Comments: 3 Pages.

The present scientific paradigm holds that the brain is the seat of consciousness, and a complete knowledge of the neurons will yield a full understanding of this phenomena. There are also non-scientific paradigms that suggest that consciousness is some how connected to a great universal consciousness, the mind of God. In this paper I will separate these two ideas by defining a local and global consciousness, and will briefly discuss both.
Category: Mind Science

[389] viXra:1712.0472 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 16:18:36

Tying Gravitational Work to Energy Transformations and Other Principles in the General Theory of Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

Gravitational work is defined as the star doing work on itself as it collapses into a "planet". This work translates to various energy transformations, due to Gravitational Potential energy being converted to kinetic energy and then to friction, heat and electrical energy and back to potential energy in different forms. Explanation is provided.
Category: Astrophysics

[388] viXra:1712.0470 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-16 14:59:22

Conformal Kerr-de Sitter Gravity

Authors: William O. Straub
Comments: 4 Pages. Fixed several typos

We show that the Kerr metric for de Sitter spacetime is consistent with the demand that the associated Einstein field equations be derived from a simple conformally invariant Lagrangian.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[387] viXra:1712.0469 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 23:33:47

Predicting Yelp Star Reviews Based on Network Structure with Deep Learning

Authors: Luis Perez
Comments: 12 pages, 17 figures

In this paper, we tackle the real-world problem of predicting Yelp star-review rating based on business features (such as images, descriptions), user features (average previous ratings), and, of particular interest, network properties (which businesses has a user rated before). We compare multiple models on different sets of features -- from simple linear regression on network features only to deep learning models on network and item features. In recent years, breakthroughs in deep learning have led to increased accuracy in common supervised learning tasks, such as image classification, captioning, and language understanding. However, the idea of combining deep learning with network feature and structure appears to be novel. While the problem of predicting future interactions in a network has been studied at length, these approaches have often ignored either node-specific data or global structure. We demonstrate that taking a mixed approach combining both node-level features and network information can effectively be used to predict Yelp-review star ratings. We evaluate on the Yelp dataset by splitting our data along the time dimension (as would naturally occur in the real-world) and comparing our model against others which do no take advantage of the network structure and/or deep learning.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[386] viXra:1712.0468 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 23:41:37

The Effectiveness of Data Augmentation in Image Classification using Deep Learning

Authors: Luis Perez, Jason Wang
Comments: 8 Pages.

In this paper, we explore and compare multiple solutions to the problem of data augmentation in image classification. Previous work has demonstrated the effectiveness of data augmentation through simple techniques, such as cropping, rotating, and flipping input images. We artificially constrain our access to data to a small subset of the ImageNet dataset, and compare each data augmentation technique in turn. One of the more successful data augmentations strategies is the traditional transformations mentioned above. We also experiment with GANs to generate images of different styles. Finally, we propose a method to allow a neural net to learn augmentations that best improve the classifier, which we call neural augmentation. We discuss the successes and shortcomings of this method on various datasets.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[385] viXra:1712.0467 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 23:43:11

Gaussian Processes for Crime Prediction

Authors: Luis Perez, Alex Wang
Comments: 8 Pages.

The ability to predict crime is incredibly useful for police departments, city planners, and many other parties, but thus far current approaches have not made use of recent developments of machine learning techniques. In this paper, we present a novel approach to this task: Gaussian processes regression. Gaussian processes (GP) are a rich family of distributions that are able to learn functions. We train GPs on historic crime data to learn the underlying probability distribution of crime incidence to make predictions on future crime distributions.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[384] viXra:1712.0466 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 23:44:57

Harvard Q-Guide Predictions Market

Authors: Luis Perez, Haotian Wu
Comments: 14 Pages.

Given the announcement by Harvard College to stop publishing difficulty rating for courses \cite{crimson}, a need has arisen for alternative methods of information gathering among undergraduates. In this paper, we propose different prediction market mechanisms, detailing user input/output, contract definitions, and payment rules for each of the proposed mechanisms. The goal of each mechanism is to obtain accurate predictions that could replace Q-guide data (overall course quality, difficulty rating, and workload rating). We further discuss properties of each prediction market, such as the truthfulness incentives of for individual agents, individual agent's optimal policies, and expected results from each market. We conclude with a discussion and explanation of a simple toy implementation of the market, detailing design consideration that might affect user behaviour in our market, and laying the groundwork for future expansion and testing.
Category: Economics and Finance

[383] viXra:1712.0465 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 00:36:46

Reinforcement Learning with Swingy Monkey

Authors: Luis Perez, Aidi Zhang, Kevin Eskici
Comments: 7 Pages.

This paper explores model-free, model-based, and mixture models for reinforcement learning under the setting of a SwingyMonkey game \footnote{The code is hosted on a public repository \href{https://github.com/kandluis/machine-learning}{here} under the prac4 directory.}. SwingyMonkey is a simple game with well-defined goals and mechanisms, with a relatively small state-space. Using Bayesian Optimization \footnote{The optimization took place using the open-source software made available by HIPS \href{https://github.com/HIPS/Spearmint}{here}.} on a simple Q-Learning algorithm, we were able to obtain high scores within just a few training epochs. However, the system failed to scale well after continued training, and optimization over hundreds of iterations proved too time-consuming to be effective. After manually exploring multiple approaches, the best results were achieved using a mixture of $\epsilon$-greedy Q-Learning with a stable learning rate,$\alpha$, and $\delta \approx 1$ discount factor. Despite the theoretical limitations of this approach, the settings, resulted in maximum scores of over 5000 points with an average score of $\bar{x} \approx 684$ (averaged over the final 100 testing epochs, median of $\bar{m} = 357.5$). The results show an continuing linear log-relation capping only after 20,000 training epochs.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[382] viXra:1712.0464 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 00:38:28

Multi-Document Text Summarization

Authors: Luis Perez, Kevin Eskici
Comments: 24 Pages. 24

We tackle the problem of multi-document extractive summarization by implementing two well-known algorithms for single-text summarization -- {\sc TextRank} and {\sc Grasshopper}. We use ROUGE-1 and ROUGE-2 precision scores with the DUC 2004 Task 2 data set to measure the performance of these two algorithms, with optimized parameters as described in their respective papers ($\alpha =0.25$ and $\lambda=0.5$ for Grasshopper and $d=0.85$ for TextRank). We compare these modified algorithms to common baselines as well as non-naive, novel baselines and we present the resulting ROUGE-1 and ROUGE-2 recall scores. Subsequently, we implement two novel algorithms as extensions of {\sc GrassHopper} and {\sc TextRank}, each termed {\sc ModifiedGrassHopper} and {\sc ModifiedTextRank}. The modified algorithms intuitively attempt to ``maximize'' diversity across the summary. We present the resulting ROUGE scores. We expect that with further optimizations, this unsupervised approach to extractive text summarization will prove useful in practice.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[381] viXra:1712.0463 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 01:01:52

Proof that a Derivative is a Fraction, and the Chain Rule is the Product of Such Fractions

Authors: Carl Wigert, Quincy-Howard Xavier
Comments: 1 Page.

In this paper, we define very small numbers and very very small numbers and use them to construct derivatives as ratios of real numbers. We then use that result to rigorously prove that the chain rule treats derivatives as fractions being multiplied.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[380] viXra:1712.0462 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 07:18:33

Spinning Cosmos Hyphotesis

Authors: Furkan Akal
Comments: 1 Page.

Antihesis against Dark Matter and Dark Energy Theories..
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[379] viXra:1712.0460 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-16 08:28:16

Stellar Metamorphosis: Astron Classification Table

Authors: Daniel Archer
Comments: 3 Pages.

I present a classification table of astrons made possible due to the theory of Stellar Metamorphosis(GTSM).
Category: Astrophysics

[378] viXra:1712.0459 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 08:26:10

浅谈量子理论的客观实在性,观察改变世界

Authors: Liu Ran
Comments: 2 Pages.

现在科学上的客观存在,其实是一种“可观测的存在”,不是“无法观测的存在”,即存在等于可观测;不存在等于无法观测。并且,每一次观测,都会减少物体的存在,增加物体的不存在。
Category: Quantum Physics

[377] viXra:1712.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 09:17:53

Primes Obtained Concatenating 9p-12 with P^2 Where P Prime or Poulet Number

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 2 Pages.

In this paper I make the following two conjectures: (1) There exist an infinity of primes obtained concatenating 9*p – 12 with p^2 where p is a prime (for example, such a prime is 208554289 obtained concatenating 9*233 – 12 = 2085 with 233^2 = 54289); (2) There exist an infinity of primes obtained concatenating 9*p – 12 with p^2 where p is a Poulet number (for example, such a prime is 155492989441 obtained concatenating 9*1729 – 12 = 15549 with 1729^2 = 2989441).
Category: Number Theory

[376] viXra:1712.0457 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 09:19:56

Primes Obtained Concatenating 2n+4 with 2n+4 Then with N Where N=3p and P Prime

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 1 Page.

In this paper I make the following conjecture: There exist an infinity of primes obtained concatenating 2*n + 4 with 2*n + 4 then with n where n = 3*p and p is a prime; for example, such primes are 19019093 obtained concatenating 190 = 2*(3*31) + 4 with 190 then with 93 = 3*31 or 12701270633 obtained concatenating 1270 = 2*(3*211) + 4 with 1270 then with 633 = 3*211. Note that for twenty-five from the first eighty primes p are obtained primes with this method.
Category: Number Theory

[375] viXra:1712.0456 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 16:26:27

Emergence of the Laws of Nature in the Developing Entangled Universe

Authors: Evgeny A Novikov
Comments: 13 Pages.

Evolution of our universe with continuous production of matter by the vacuum, is described. The analysis is based on the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger), supported by the cosmic data without fitting. Various types of matter are selected by the vacuum in accordance with stability of the developing universe. All laws of nature seems to be emergent and approximate, including the conservation of energy. The (3+1)-dimensional space-time and gravity were selected first. Than came quantum condensate of entangled gravitons (dark matter). Photons and other ordinary matter were selected much later during formation of galaxies, when the background condensate becomes gravitationally unstable. The effect of radiation on the global dynamics is described in terms of conservation of the enthalpy density. Mass of neutrino, as the first massive fermionic particle created from the background condensate, is estimated, in accord with experimental bound. The electric dipole moment of neutrino is also estimated. The oscillations of neutrinos are explained in terms of interaction with background condensate. The phenomena of quantum entanglement of ordinary matter was, apparently, inherited from the background condensate. The phenomena of subjective experiences are also explained in terms of interaction of the action potentials of neurons with the background dipolar condensate, which opens a new window into the dark sector of matter. The Qmoger theory goes beyond the Standard Model and the Quantum Field Theory and can be combined with their achievements. Key words: quantum modification of general relativity, emergence of the laws of nature, isenthalpic universe, quantum condensate of gravitons, oscillating neutrinos, subjective experiences and dark sector of matter.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[374] viXra:1712.0455 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 16:56:51

The Role of Charm and Strange Quarks in Holographic Cyclic E8 Symmetric Universe Theory

Authors: George R. Briggs
Comments: 2 Pages.

Abstract: It is noticed that the sum of the s and c quarks mc^2 = 1370 MeV. 1000X this energy is close to the energy needed per second per active galaxy to energize the universe according to HCE8S theory
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[373] viXra:1712.0454 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 21:35:07

Influence of Temperature to Flow-Induced Forces on QCM Sensors in a Pakistani Liquor Identification Electronic-Nose

Authors: Zabak Hiyae
Comments: 8 Pages. Computational fluid dynamics, Temperature, QCM gas sensor, Electronic nose, Identification accuracy

An electronic-nose (e-nose) was developed based on eight quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gas sensors in a sensor box, and was used to detect Pakistani liquors at room temperature. Each QCM gas sensor was a highly-accuracy and highly-sensitive oscillator that experienced airflow disturbances under the condition of varying room temperature due to unstable flow-induced forces on sensors surfaces. The three-dimensional (3D) nature of the airflow inside the sensor box and the interactions of the airflow on the sensors surfaces at different temperatures were studied utilizing computational fluid dynamics tools. Higher simulation accuracy was achieved by optimizing meshes, meshing the computational domain using a fine unstructural tetrahedron mesh. An optimum temperature, 30°C, was obtained by analyzing the distribution of velocity streamlines and static pressure, as well as flow-induced forces over time, all of which may be used to improve the identification accuracy of the QCM e-nose for achieving stabile and repeatable signals by removing the influence of temperature.
Category: Classical Physics

[372] viXra:1712.0453 [pdf] replaced on 2019-03-15 02:38:52

How Many Shots Were Fired on 22. November 1963 in Dealey Plaza?

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 14 Pages. Figures 17 and 19 had changed places, now corrected.

This article is continuation to my previous article on the acoustic evidence of the assassination of President John. F. Kennedy. Four putative gunshots are identified from Dictabelt data, they are matched to the Zapruder film, and a fifth shot is postulated because of the Zapruder film. Finally echo correlation analysis is performed. It is only suggestive because data is too noisy, but agrees with what can be expected by other arguments.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[371] viXra:1712.0452 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 03:07:11

Primes of the Form 2^a∙2^b∙2^c + D Where a, b, c, D of the Form 6k-1

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 2 Pages.

In this paper I make the following conjecture: For any a, b, c distinct numbers of the form 6*k – 1 there exist an infinity of numbers d of the form 6*h – 1 such that the number n = 2^a*2^b*2^c + d is prime. This is a formula that conducts often to primes and composites with very few prime factors; for instance, taking a = 5 and b = 11 are obtained seventeen primes for c and d both less than 100 (for c = 17, n is prime for six values of d up to 100: 17, 29, 35, 59, 71, 77)! Also note that for [a, b, c, d] = [59, 65, 71, 53] (all four less than or equal to 71) is obtained a prime with 59 digits!
Category: Number Theory

[370] viXra:1712.0451 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 03:09:04

Primes of the Form 2^a∙2^b∙2^c D Where a, b, c, D of the Form 6k+1

Authors: Marius Coman
Comments: 2 Pages.

In this paper I make the following conjecture: For any a, b, c distinct numbers of the form 6*k + 1 there exist an infinity of numbers d of the form 6*h + 1 such that the number n = 2^a*2^b*2^c - d is prime. This is a formula that conducts often to primes and composites with very few prime factors; for instance, taking a = 7 and b = 13 are obtained eighteen primes for c and d both less than 100 (for c = 19, n is prime for four values of d up to 100: 7, 19, 67, 91)! Also note that for [a, b, c, d] = [49, 55, 61, 61] (all four less than or equal to 61) is obtained a prime with 50 digits!
Category: Number Theory

[369] viXra:1712.0450 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 03:27:41

Quest for an Elusive Particle

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

Physicists have hypothesized the existence of fundamental particles called sterile neutrinos for decades and a couple of experiments have even caught possible hints of them. However, according to new results from two major international consortia, the chances that these indications were right and that these particles actually exist are now much slimmer. [10] The MIT team studied the distribution of neutrino flavors generated in Illinois, versus those detected in Minnesota, and found that these distributions can be explained most readily by quantum phenomena: As neutrinos sped between the reactor and detector, they were statistically most likely to be in a state of superposition, with no definite flavor or identity. [9] A new study reveals that neutrinos produced in the core of a supernova are highly localised compared to neutrinos from all other known sources. This result stems from a fresh estimate for an entity characterising these neutrinos, known as wave packets, which provide information on both their position and their momentum. [8] It could all have been so different. When matter first formed in the universe, our current theories suggest that it should have been accompanied by an equal amount of antimatter – a conclusion we know must be wrong, because we wouldn't be here if it were true. Now the latest results from a pair of experiments designed to study the behaviour of neutrinos – particles that barely interact with the rest of the universe – could mean we're starting to understand why. [7] In 2012, a tiny flash of light was detected deep beneath the Antarctic ice. A burst of neutrinos was responsible, and the flash of light was their calling card. It might not sound momentous, but the flash could give us tantalising insights into one of the most energetic objects in the distant universe. The light was triggered by the universe's most elusive particles when they made contact with a remarkable detector, appropriately called IceCube, which was built for the very purpose of capturing rare events such as this. [6] Neutrinos and their weird subatomic ways could help us understand highenergy particles, exploding stars and the origins of matter itself. [5] PHYSICS may be shifting to the right. Tantalizing signals at CERN's Large Hadron Collider near Geneva, Switzerland, hint at a new particle that could end 50 years of thinking that nature discriminates between left and righthanded particles. [4]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[368] viXra:1712.0449 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 05:11:59

Quantum Liquid

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

ICFO researchers created a novel type of liquid 100 million times more dilute than water and 1 million times thinner than air. The experiments, published in Science, exploit a fascinating quantum effect to produce droplets of this exotic phase of matter. [14] "In a quantum spin liquid, spins continually fluctuate due to quantum effects and never enter a static ordered arrangement, in contrast to conventional magnets," Kelley said. "These states can host exotic quasiparticles that can be detected by inelastic neutron scattering." [13] An international team of researchers have found evidence of a mysterious new state of matter, first predicted 40 years ago, in a real material. This state, known as a quantum spin liquid, causes electrons-thought to be indivisible building blocks of nature-to break into pieces. [12] In a single particle system, the behavior of the particle is well understood by solving the Schrödinger equation. Here the particle possesses wave nature characterized by the de Broglie wave length. In a many particle system, on the other hand, the particles interact each other in a quantum mechanical way and behave as if they are "liquid". This is called quantum liquid whose properties are very different from that of the single particle case. [11] Quantum coherence and quantum entanglement are two landmark features of quantum physics, and now physicists have demonstrated that the two phenomena are "operationally equivalent"—that is, equivalent for all practical purposes, though still conceptually distinct. This finding allows physicists to apply decades of research on entanglement to the more fundamental but less-well-researched concept of coherence, offering the possibility of advancing a wide range of quantum technologies. [10] The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Quantum Physics

[367] viXra:1712.0448 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-15 06:19:20

Silicon Quantum Computer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

Physicists have built one of the first basic elements of a trapped Rydberg ion quantum computer: a single-qubit Rydberg gate. [28] An international team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has presented a core technology for quantum photonic devices used in quantum information processing. They have proposed combining of quantum dots for generating light and silicon photonic technologies for manipulating light on a single device. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18]
Category: Quantum Physics

[366] viXra:1712.0447 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-08 08:29:27

Quantization of General Relativity is Impossible if Space Has Slope

Authors: Mohamed Abdelwhab Husseiny
Comments: 19 Pages.

Several attempts to develop a quantum theory of gravity based on Einstein's theory of general relativity have been made. This study shows that the quantization of general relativity is impossible if space is sloped. The slope of space creates a new kind of energy that causes objects, such as bodies, particles, and gravitational waves, to slide backward during their forward motion (similar to sliding during hill climbing). This energy causes gravitational waves, bodies, particles, and light to experience slight resistance while spreading or progressing forward in space and time. I find that if absolute space supposed by Newton is sloped space, many phenomena will be created such as time dilation, space & time reversal, emergence of space-time, constancy of speed of light and gravity reversal. The conclusions drawn in this study refer to the “gravity is non quantum if space has slope, where the reversed time between two moving particles is more than or equal to the time interval between these two particles, or the reversed space between two moving particles is more than or equal to the space interval between these two particles.” This work does not aims to prove existence or absence of gravity at the smallest scale; rather it aims to show that there is a new property related to space that if it exists, quantum theory of gravity becomes unnecessary, therefore testing of this property must be included in the interests of applied physicists in the next days.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[365] viXra:1712.0446 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 08:17:06

A New Divergence Measure for Basic Probability Assignment and Its Applications in Extremely Uncertain Environments

Authors: Liguo Fei, Yong Hu, Yong Deng, Sankaran Mahadevan
Comments: 9 Pages.

Information fusion under extremely uncertain environments is an important issue in pattern classification and decision-making problem. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (D-S theory) is more and more extensively applied to information fusion for its advantage to deal with uncertain information. However, the results opposite to common sense are often obtained when combining the different evidences using Dempster’s combination rules. How to measure the difference between different evidences is still an open issue. In this paper, a new divergence is proposed based on Kullback-Leibler divergence in order to measure the difference between different basic probability assignments (BPAs). Numerical examples are used to illustrate the computational process of the proposed divergence. Then the similarity for different BPAs is also defined based on the proposed divergence. The basic knowledge about pattern recognition is introduced and a new classification algorithm is presented using the proposed divergence and similarity under extremely uncertain environments, which is illustrated by a small example handling robot sensing. The method put forward is motivated by desperately in need to develop intelligent systems, such as sensor-based data fusion manipulators, which need to work in complicated, extremely uncertain environments. Sensory data satisfy the conditions 1) fragmentary and 2) collected from multiple levels of resolution.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[364] viXra:1712.0445 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 08:35:07

A Equação Guedes-Schroedinger: Sobre a Solução Estacionária Oriunda do Oscilador Harmônico Amortecido

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 10 Pages.

Derivamos algumas soluções gerais para o estado estacionário, oriundas do oscilador harmônico amortecido, por meio da equação Guedes-Schroedinger.
Category: Quantum Physics

[363] viXra:1712.0444 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 08:59:01

Environmental Impact Assessment Using D-Vikor Approach

Authors: Liguo Fei, Yong Deng
Comments: 15 Pages.

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an open and important issue depends on factors such as social, ecological, economic, etc. Due to human judgment, a variety of uncertainties are brought into the EIA process. With regard to uncertainty, many existing methods seem powerless to represent and deal with it effectively. A new theory called D numbers, because of its advantage to handle uncertain information, is widely used to uncertainty modeling and decision making. VIKOR method has its unique advantages in dealing with multiple criteria decision making problems (MCDM), especially when the criteria are non-commensurable and even conflicting, it can also obtain the compromised optimal solution. In order to solve EIA problems more effectively, in this paper, a D-VIKOR approach is proposed, which expends the VIKOR method by D numbers theory. In the proposed approach, assessment information of environmental factors is expressed and modeled by D numbers. And a new combination rule for multiple D numbers is defined. Subjective weights and objective weights are considered in VIKOR process for more reasonable ranking results. A numerical example is conducted to analyze and demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed D-VIKOR approach.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[362] viXra:1712.0443 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-15 09:31:47

Using Klauder's Enhanced Quantization to Set a Bound to the Cosmological Constant, in Pre Planckian Space as a Way to Ascertain the Most Important Fundamental Physics Question

Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 6 Pages. ADDED A SECTION WHICH ANSWERS THE FQXI CONTEST QUESTIONS

We are looking at comparison of two action integrals and we identify the Lagrangian multiplier as setting up a constraint equation (on cosmological expansion). In FFP 15, in the Author’s presentation, one of the two compared action integrals was from Hambler’ Quantum Gravity reference, while another was given as similar to the action principle of the Hilbert idea of General Relativistic derivation of the Einstein Field Equations. What we have done is to replace the Hambler Quantum gravity reference based action integral with a result straight from John Klauder’s “Enhanced Quantization” tome. In doing so, with also a nod to Thanu Padamabhan’s treatment of the inflaton, we then commence to initiate an explicit bound upon the cosmological constant. The further approximation is to use the inflaton results, and conflate them with John Klauder’s Action principle for a way to , if we have the idea of a potential well, generalized by Klauder, with a wall of space time in the Pre Planckian regime to ask what bounds the Cosmological constant prior to inflation. We argue this is the most important fundamental question in physics today, for reasons we elaborate upon in the conclusion. Section 6 details my actual answers to the essay’s ideas, in lieu of the creation of this answer to the cosmological constant due to enhanced quantization.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[361] viXra:1712.0442 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 10:19:11

Unconventional Origins of Superconductivity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[360] viXra:1712.0441 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 11:00:55

Natural Squarefree Numbers: Statistical Properties.

Authors: Helmut Preininger
Comments: 42 Pages.

n this paper we calculate for various sets X (some subsets of the natural numbers) the probability of an element a of X is also squarefree. Furthermore we calculate the probability of c is squarefree, where c=a+b, a is an element of the set X and b is an element of the set Y.
Category: Number Theory

[359] viXra:1712.0440 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 11:25:22

Trapped Rydberg Ion Quantum Computer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Physicists have built one of the first basic elements of a trapped Rydberg ion quantum computer: a single-qubit Rydberg gate. [28] An international team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has presented a core technology for quantum photonic devices used in quantum information processing. They have proposed combining of quantum dots for generating light and silicon photonic technologies for manipulating light on a single device. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[358] viXra:1712.0438 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 12:18:00

Smart Irrigation :Iot Based Irrigation Monitoring System

Authors: Shaif Chowdhury, Soummyo Priyo Chattopadhyay, Avijit Ghose
Comments: 6 Pages.

The project aims at autonomous monitoring of irrigation system in both large and small scale plantation estates with a view to eradicating the manual system which involves personal liability concerns and the ignorance of the field workers. Even sometimes the experienced people cannot assure how much fertilizers or water must be used for the maximum yield. Hence our system will monitor the temperature, humidity, moisture content of the soil and other physical factors like presence of major pollutants in air like PM2.5, PM10, CO,NOx etc. The factors and the crop yield are compared with dataset of past surveys and will try to predict is irrigation is necessary or not. With the help of this information, the rate of releasing water from pumps is decided and fed to a microcontroller system which supervises and controls the whole irrigation system. Besides, there is also provision to monitor plant growth both in longitudinally and horizontally.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[357] viXra:1712.0437 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-21 07:57:25

“The Information as Absolute” Conception: Marxism and “now”

Authors: Sergey V. Shevchenko, Vladimir V. Tokarevsky
Comments: This version consists of two variants in one file: English, pages 1-12; and Russian? Pages 13-26

Abstract In this paper the some problems of relevance of Marxism in applications to recent societies are considered in framework of the “The Information as Absolute” conception.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[356] viXra:1712.0436 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 16:11:57

Is The Equivalence Principle Correct

Authors: Tom Hollings
Comments: 6 Pages.

ABSTRACT The Equivalence principle. "Bodies which are moving under the sole influence of a gravitational field receive an acceleration, which does not in the least depend on the material or the physical state of the body. For instance, a piece of lead and a piece of wood fall in exactly the same manner in a gravitational field (in vacuo) when they start off from rest or with the same initial velocity." There appears to be an error in the formation of the equivalence principle (and here the author gives the evidence of that error), which when corrected would lead to a new understanding of stellar formation and planetary orbits, including an explanation of why trinary star systems are not observed - as opposed to a binary pair with another star orbiting that pair (or vice versa). Einstein used a Gedankenexperiment with a man in a chest, to prove that falling objects of differing masses all fall at the same rate for the man in the chest who is being accelerated at a steady 9.8 m/s^2, and the man on Earth who is experiencing 9.8 m/s^2 of gravity. It can be proved that the equivalence principle does not hold when the falling object used as an example is an extremely large mass. The logical conclusion therefore is that by reducing the extremely large mass down to more normal mass values, although the objects appear to fall at the same rate, they do not, but as the difference is minute, it can be, and is, customarily ignored. This does not matter on Earth, but it does matter a great deal for planetary formation and orbits, and for stellar and galactic formation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[355] viXra:1712.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 15:09:00

Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with Reactive Load Design for Wireless Local Area Network Application

Authors: Basim Khalaf Jarullah Al-Shammari
Comments: 6 Pages.

This paper presents a design of microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11b and for IEEE 802.11g using a nearly square patch antenna, excited by a standard miniature adapter probe feed line. The patch and ground plane are separated by a substrate; the radiating patch is loaded by a central shorting pin and feeding probe loaded by a series capacitor. This antenna has a wide bandwidth in the frequency band of (WLAN) and with a return loss ≤ −10 dB from 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz exhibits circularly polarized far-field radiation pattern. The proposed antennas have been simulated and analyzed using method of moments (MoM) based software package Microwave Office 2008 v8.0. The results show that the bandwidth of the antenna increases by using reactive load. The simulated gain of the antenna is over 6 dB.‬ IEEE802.11b ‫و‬ IEEE802.11g
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[354] viXra:1712.0432 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 22:28:48

DS-Vikor: a New Methodology for Supplier Selection

Authors: Liguo Fei, Yong Deng, Yong Hu
Comments: 15 Pages.

How to select the optimal supplier is an open and important issue in supply chain management (SCM), which needs to solve the problem of assessment and sorting the potential suppliers, and can be considered as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. Experts’ assessment play a very important role in the process of supplier selection, while the subjective judgment of human beings could introduce unpredictable uncertainty. However, existing methods seem powerless to represent and deal with this uncertainty effectively. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (D- S theory) is widely used to uncertainty modeling, decision making and conflicts management due to its advantage to handle uncertain information. The VIKOR method has a great advantage to handle MCDM problems with non-commensurable and even conflicting criteria, and to obtain the compromised optimal solution. In this paper, a DS- VIKOR method is proposed for the supplier selection problem which expends the VIKOR method by D-S theory. In this method, the basic probability assignment (BPA) is used to denote the decision makers’ assessment for suppliers, Deng entropy weight-based method is defined and applied to determine the weights of multi-criteria, and VIKOR method is used for getting the final ranking results. An illustrative example under real life is conducted to analyze and demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed DS-VIKOR method.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[353] viXra:1712.0431 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 00:52:04

The Effect of Geometry on Quantum Mechanics

Authors: John Peel
Comments: 12 Pages. References to be supplied. the author can be contacted at jpeel01@hotmail.com

The author attempts to unify General Relativity with Quantum Mechanics. This involves the use of the Cartesian Axes as the building blocks of reality. A certain set is employed and this permeates the content of the article. The author can be contacted at jpeel01@hotmail.com.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[352] viXra:1712.0430 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 00:55:05

Proposed Civilization Scale

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

Instead of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement based on energy consumption point of view, I believe it is more appropriate on it's capability of commanding the cycle and recycle of energy and matter; or based on the knowledge and technology of mastering the energy and matter:

  1. Type 0 Civilization: Parasitic;
  2. Type I: Energy Mastery;
  3. Type II: Energy and Matter Mastery, achieving mastery of energy and matter.

Category: General Science and Philosophy

[351] viXra:1712.0429 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 01:05:01

Stochastic Functions of Blueshift vs. Redshift

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

Viewing the random motions of objects, an observer might think it is 50-50 chances that an object would move toward or away. It might be intuitive, however, it is far from the truth. This study derives the probability functions of Doppler blueshift and redshift effect of signal detection. The fact is, Doppler redshift detection is highly dominating in space, surface, and linear observation. Under the conditions of no quality loss of radiation over distance, and the observer has perfect vision; It is more than 92% probability of detecting redshift, in three-dimensional observation, 87% surface, and 75\% linear. In cosmic observation, only 7.81% of the observers in the universe will detect blueshift of radiations from any object, on average. The remaining 92.19% of the observers in the universe will detect redshift. It it universal for all observers, aliens or Earthlings at all locations of the universe.
Category: Statistics

[350] viXra:1712.0428 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 06:22:28

The Essence of Liberation

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 6 Pages.

The highest realms of philosophy and human thought, a lifestyle capable of granting liberation is beautifully encapsulated in a single verse of the Lord's word, the Bhagavad Gita.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[349] viXra:1712.0426 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-14 08:11:26

Without Dark Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

Three mathematicians have a different explanation for the accelerating expansion of the universe that does without theories of "dark energy." [26] The arrow of time and the accelerated expansion are two fundamental empirical facts of the universe. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] “We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit.” [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22] They're looking for dark matter—the stuff that theoretically makes up a quarter of our universe. [21] Results from its first run indicate that XENON1T is the most sensitive dark matter detector on Earth. [20]
Category: Astrophysics

[348] viXra:1712.0425 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 06:45:11

Particle Double Nature Reason

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 34 Pages.

How The Matter Is Created? Why The Particle Has Double Nature? What's The Gravity Reason And Mechanism? Does the gravity needs time to effect or works instantly? If the Planet moves by gravity, why does the moon revolve the Metonic cycle which the Earth doesn't? The Matter Creation is the main question I discuss in this paper, tries to explain why the Particle has double nature.. ( Paper Main Hypothesis: "The Matter Is Made Of Light")
Category: Astrophysics

[347] viXra:1712.0424 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 07:27:51

How Life Started in Earth

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[346] viXra:1712.0423 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 08:27:04

Undulating Relativity + §26 Mercury Perihelion Advance of 42.99".

Authors: Alfredo Dimas Moreira Garcia
Comments: 144 Pages.

The Special Theory of Relativity takes us to two results that presently are considered “inexplicable” to many renowned scientists, to know: -The dilatation of time, and -The contraction of the Lorentz Length. The solution to these have driven the author to the development of the Undulating Relativity (UR) theory, where the Temporal variation is due to the differences on the route of the light propagation and the lengths are constants between two landmarks in uniform relative movement
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[345] viXra:1712.0422 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 08:57:22

A Minimally Necessary Local-Nonlocal Model for the Evolution of Elementary Particles and Fundamental Interactions of the Early Universe

Authors: Sergey V. Vasiliev
Comments: 19 Pages. in Russian

The proposed model describes the process of evolution of elementary particles and fundamental interactions of the early Universe, in which the order observed today, described by the standard model of elementary particle physics, develops in several stages with the participation of complementary local and nonlocal processes. Предлагаемая модель описывает процесс эволюции элементарных частиц и фундаментальных взаимодействий ранней Вселенной, в котором наблюдаемый сегодня порядок, описываемый стандартной моделью физики элементарных частиц, развивается в несколько этапов с участием дополняющих друг друга локальных и нелокальных процессов.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[344] viXra:1712.0421 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 09:31:48

3400 Pin Oak Rd

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 2 Pages. Don't worry folks I have been there on foot and in a car. Remain Calm.Have fun with it.

The purpose of this paper is to explain a Stargate or Temporal anomaly on Pin Oak Road
Category: Number Theory

[343] viXra:1712.0420 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 10:47:52

Storage of a Photonic Qubit

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[342] viXra:1712.0419 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 13:58:40

The Globotoroid

Authors: Nikola Samardzija
Comments: 16 Pages. This review paper was written in 2014, and since has raised quite a few eyebrows in academia. The simplicity of the globotoroid model is far reaching, and alters some central themes in mathematics and sciences - Namely, the singularity based theories.

Mathematical models can give us invaluable insights into natural phenomena, and as such play an important role in science. The intent of this paper is to give a high-level overview of a simple continuous dynamical model that offers an insight into a qualitative behavior seldom reported or discussed. This model has no equilibrium or singular points, yet its phase space unveils four distinct topological features: a limit cycle, a torus, a sphere and a wormhole. Each of these features results from model solutions that can be periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic, which collectively form a space-time structure referred to as the globotoroid. The model generalizes the energy behavior of many processes of interest, and consequently is reshaping contemporary systems theory to fit more completely with different natural phenomena. Specifically, the globotoroid is the simplest 3-dimensional dynamic model that exposes the concept of the wormhole, which embodies an important energy behavior throughout our universe. The fields of science that may benefit from this modeling approach are many, including physics, cosmology, biology, chemistry, engineering, cognitive sciences, economics, politics, and business and finance. This is demonstrated by reviewing some well-known phenomena in natural and social sciences.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[341] viXra:1712.0418 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 14:37:36

Gravity & Electromagnetism Unified

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 6 Pages.

No one has ever provided mathematical evidence that unifies gravity and electromagnetism. This is an important mathematical discovery. Note that the 2 classical equations of Newton's Gravity and Coulomb's Law have a similar form. Also note that when Limit (r) ---> 0, these 2 equations approach a singularity This implies that our universe collapses to a single point for unification. Each reader must comprehend that our universe literally blinks, off and on, 1.1 trillion cycles each second (1.1 THz). See my related articles, including the blinking universe calculation and 1024-QAM for elementary particles. There are 3 mathematical approaches and 3 empirical sources that all conclude the same idea - our universe is blinking. As Einstein once said, "Reality is merely an illusion..." - A blinking universe would certainly make his statement correct.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[340] viXra:1712.0417 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 14:43:39

Time Travel: An Approximate Mathematical Solution

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 9 Pages.

This short technical note describes an approximate mathematical solution for Time Travel involving relativity and very brief time intervals. Limitations of the solution are discussed including possible error sources. Assumptions are made for small changes in the speed of light and for the Lighthouse Frequency, which has been described in previous papers. This paper will only be meaningful to those with a background in calculus. Each reader must comprehend that our universe literally blinks off and on, approximately 1.1 trillion times every second. The solution is derived by taking the partial derivative with respect to time, of E=mc^2. Readers will note that the speed of light is not constant per NASA scientist, Dr Daniel Gezari's important 2009 paper.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[339] viXra:1712.0416 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 14:49:56

The Discovery of Parallel Universes

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 13 Pages.

This short paper presents information into technology that has been used to move between two parallel universes. Described here are the technology characteristics of glowing orbs or balls of light, which have been photographed and filmed, all over the world. By utilizing the blinking frequency of our universe, it is possible to move between parallel universes. These orbs have been reported as glowing and/or pulsing and some appear to be 12 to 14 inches in diameter. Each reader must comprehend that our universe is blinking off and on, approximately 1.1 trillion cycles every second. The energy required to transit between two parallel universes is E = Volts * Amp * sec Where volts is proportional to the mass, and Amp*sec is the "electrical distance" or "range" between the two universes. Pictures and videos are referenced for discussion.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[338] viXra:1712.0415 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 14:54:56

Faster Than Light Travel: The Basic Mechanics

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 13 Pages.

This short technical paper presents the first practical technology solution for traveling faster than the speed of light. Light-years of distance can be traversed by performing millions of “hops;” yet the entire distance traveled requires only a fraction of a second. Each reader must comprehend that our universe is literally blinking off and on, more than 1.1 trillion times every second. For those unconvinced that our universe is blinking, please read “The First Periodic Table for Elementary Particles,” which provides compelling mathematical evidence. Also see youtube: Colonel Philip Corso, THE DAY AFTER ROSWELL; author comments on the Army's investigation of the 1947 Roswell vehicle; "We were never able to figure out how the propulsion system works... We only know it has something to do with blinking." Recorded 1997.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[337] viXra:1712.0414 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 15:01:54

The First Periodic Table for Elementary Particles

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 13 Pages.

This short technical paper presents a new standard model for Elementary Particles. All elementary particle masses are related by simple math. This math is similar to the math used for wifi signals and it is called 1024-QAM. The 1024-QAM table graphically displays how all elementary particles are related, similar to the Standard Periodic Table in chemistry. If we line up all of the particle masses in order, we find there are a number of “gaps.” These are called the "mass gaps", and they line up perfectly with 1024-QAM, which fits the sequence. Supersymmetry (SUSY) is also found to occur with 1024-QAM. Mass Groups 1 thru 8 have heavyweight counterparts which are found in Mass Groups 9 thru 16. New particles appear in groups of 4. Numerous new particles are predicted using 1024-QAM. Each particle mass is shown to have 16 probabilities - 4 charges X 4 spins. The only possible explanation for elementary particles to follow a QAM pattern, is due to a blinking universe. This ebook provides compelling evidence that our universe is literally blinking, off and on.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[336] viXra:1712.0413 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 15:08:22

Mathematical Solution Unifying the Four Fundamental Forces

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 13 Pages.

This short technical ebook describes a simple mathematical solution for unifying the four fundamental forces in nature. The fundamental forces of gravitation, electromagnetism, strong force, and the weak force are actually different aspects of the same force. In general, the relationship between the four forces can be described using a form of the equation for Analog Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (Analog-QAM). This equation form is developed utilizing the concept of a “blinking” physical universe. The approach to develop the solution is described by minimizing the number of available dimensions (zero), which is in contrast to numerous efforts (String theory, M-theory, Quantum gravity) that attempt to maximize the number of dimensions under consideration. An Electrical Universe (EU) model is presented that provides sufficient conditions for a solution. This mathematical solution should be tested against experimental data to confirm its validity, however it is noted that, “discrete-time” forces will be measured differently than “time-averaged” forces in a laboratory environment. Confirmation of the theory is suggested through small, discrete-time interval measurements of gravitational acceleration and the Electromagnetic Force, where they will be seen to vary continuously, and yet also retain a “time-averaged” value. Each reader must comprehend that our universe literally blinks, off and on, more than 1 trillion cycles each second.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[335] viXra:1712.0412 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 15:15:48

Massless Travel

Authors: Richard Lighthouse
Comments: 6 Pages.

This short technical paper discuss a method and technology that can be utilized to minimize energy requirements for all kinds of travel. Specifically, there are three types of travel under discussion: (1) Time Travel, (2) Distance Travel, and (3) Travel between parallel universes. The method requires precise control, synchronization, and amplification of very high frequencies, which is difficult for current technology computer processors. To reduce the effective mass value or weight of a vehicle, requires extremely fast clocks, called gamma-ray clocks. These clocks operate at about 10^21 cycles per second. Each reader must comprehend that our physical universe literally blinks, off and on, more than 1.1 trillion times every second. By synchronizing an electrical signal on a vehicle with the neutral point in the blinking cycle - the effective mass of the vehicle will approach zero.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[334] viXra:1712.0411 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 15:22:33

Anomalous Magnetic Moment: Source and Explanation

Authors: Richard Ligthouse
Comments: 8 Pages.

This paper explains the anomalous magnetic moment for all elementary particles and composite particles (such as the proton). The special case regarding the Muon anomaly is addressed. It also presents a summary of the issues in accurately measuring the magnetic dipole moment for elementary particles. The explanation provided involves simple math and probabilities. It is not complex, such as Yang-Mills and related theories. In summary, there is no anomaly. The measurement of the magnetic moment is a time-averaged value for 16 different probabilities (4 charges X 4 spins) for each particle mass, which is consistent with 1024-QAM. To eliminate the anomaly, a measurement of the particle characteristics and magnetic moment must be taken at a rate faster than the blinking universe, or 1.1 trillion cycles per second. Visual graphs and areas for further research are suggested.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[333] viXra:1712.0409 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 21:42:30

A Brief Experiment of Space

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: Pages.

We have learned to manipulating matter and energy since our first existence, however, never space. Luckily, there is vacuum sharing some properties of space. We can create and shape vacuum to some extent. The experiment observes the interactions of vacuum, mass and energy to derive a logical understanding of space.
Category: Astrophysics

[332] viXra:1712.0407 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-28 01:10:10

Ellipsoid Method for Linear Programming Made Simple

Authors: Sanjeev Saxena
Comments: 8 Pages. Minor corrections

In this paper, ellipsoid method for linear programming is derived using only minimal knowledge of algebra and matrices. Unfortunately, most authors first describe the algorithm, then later prove its correctness, which requires a good knowledge of linear algebra.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[331] viXra:1712.0406 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 02:55:57

On the Limit Energy of Cosmic Rays

Authors: Anatoly V. Belyakov
Comments: 4 Pages. 4 p., 1 fig.

It is established that the upper limit of cosmic-ray energy due to the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin effect is local. On the basis of the mechanistic interpretation of J. Wheeler's geometrodynamic concept, a more fundamental limitation on this limit was established, which, in the final analysis, depends on Planck's size (ђγ/c^3)^1/2 and for protons the limit is 4.51×10^18 eV. The inflection in the spectrum curve, the "knee", corresponds to the mass-energy of the vortex tube of the limiting proton-electron contour, 1.46×10^15 eV. For other nuclei these energies increase in proportion to the atomic number of the element.
Category: Astrophysics

[330] viXra:1712.0404 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 03:42:44

A Derivation of Dirac Equation from a General System of Linear First Order Partial Differential Equations

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 12 Pages.

In this work, we discuss a method to derive Dirac equation and other equations, such as the Cauchy-Riemann equations, from a general system of linear first order partial differential equations, with the hope that when studied more thoroughly the general system may provide deeper insights into geometrical and topological structures of quantum particles and fields.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[329] viXra:1712.0403 [pdf] replaced on 2019-05-09 16:59:48

There is No Standard Model of ZFC and ZFC_2

Authors: Jaykov Foukzon
Comments: 73 Pages.

Main results are:(i) Let M_st be standard model of ZFC. Then ~Con(ZFC+∃M_st),(ii) let k be an inaccessible cardinal then ~Con(ZFC+∃k)
Category: Set Theory and Logic

[328] viXra:1712.0402 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 05:18:45

Quantum Photonic Devices

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

An international team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has presented a core technology for quantum photonic devices used in quantum information processing. They have proposed combining of quantum dots for generating light and silicon photonic technologies for manipulating light on a single device. [27]Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18]
Category: Quantum Physics

[327] viXra:1712.0400 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-13 06:52:57

Adaptively Evidential Weighted Classifier Combination

Authors: Liguo Fei, Bingyi Kang, Van-Nam Huynh, Yong Deng
Comments: 9 Pages.

Classifier combination plays an important role in classification. Due to the efficiency to handle and fuse uncertain information, Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is widely used in multi-classifiers fusion. In this paper, a method of adaptively evidential weighted classifier combination is presented. In our proposed method, the output of each classifier is modelled by basic probability assignment (BPA). Then, the weights are determined adaptively for individual classifier according to the uncertainty degree of the corresponding BPA. The uncertainty degree is measured by a belief entropy, named as Deng entropy. Discounting-and-combination scheme in D-S theory is used to calculate the weighted BPAs and combine them for the final BPA for classification. The effectiveness of the proposed weighted combination method is illustrated by numerical experimental results.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[326] viXra:1712.0399 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-19 15:09:52

On the General Solution for the Troesch, Sinh-Poisson and Poisson-Boltzmann Equations

Authors: D. K. K. Adjaï, J. Akande, L. H. Koudahoun, Y. J. F. Kpomahou, M. D. Monsia
Comments: 4 pages

This paper shows, for the first time, that the explicit and exact solution to the Troesch nonlinear two-point boundary value problem may be computed in a direct and straightforward fashion from the general solution obtained by a generalized Sundman transformation for the related differential equation, which appeared with the sinh-Poisson and Poisson-Boltzmann equations to be special cases of a more general equation. As a result, various initial and boundary value problems for these equations may be solved explicitly and exactly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[325] viXra:1712.0398 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 06:21:21

Particle Double Nature Reason

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 34 Pages.

How The Matter Is Created? Why The Particle Has Double Nature? What's The Gravity Reason And Mechanism? Does the gravity needs time to effect or works instantly? If the Planet moves by gravity, why does the moon revolve the Metonic cycle which the Earth doesn't? The Matter Creation is the main question I discuss in this paper, tries to explain why the Particle has double nature.. ( Paper Main Hypothesis: "The Matter Is Made Of Light")
Category: Astrophysics

[324] viXra:1712.0397 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 06:30:48

Pie in Python_Piethon

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 2 Pages. If your computer can handle it the sky's the limit with regards to digits.

The objective of this paper is to provide everyone with a program in Piethon to be able to print 250,000 digits and if your computer allow to be able to print > 299792458 digits.
Category: Number Theory

[323] viXra:1712.0396 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 10:16:41

Frequency Topology of Encryption

Authors: Ricardo Gil
Comments: 3 Pages. Mosses equals 500 in the Torah.

The objective of this paper is simplify frequency topology of encryption and lininear Graphs that can be represent in dimension 2 or greater.
Category: Number Theory

[322] viXra:1712.0395 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 15:45:55

Misunderstanding Definition Of The Gravity Of General Relativity

Authors: Ozan Varli
Comments: 4 Pages. A Highly Consistent Hypothesis Which Supports All The Observations

Description in the theory of general relativity of the gravity is completely just a misunderstanding. Because curvature of space is caused by gravity. Gravity is a field force that bends space, because it causes acceleration as shown by Newton. And a new theory of gravity which supports our observations is suggested named as neutral field.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[321] viXra:1712.0394 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 16:06:01

Defining Space, Time And Dark Energy

Authors: Ozan Varli
Comments: 4 Pages. A Hardy Consistent Representing Of Strong Hypothesis Of Theory Of Everything

Figuring out the mystery of expanding universe seems a mandatory question for today’s physicists. The space, time and dark energy are also all the same thing as we found out that the space and time are the same. Looking at observations and findings take us to one result which is consisted with specifications and behaviors of space that; anti-gravitation field named as anti-neutral field is space-time itself. This anti-neutral field expands in 3 dimensions.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[320] viXra:1712.0393 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 16:46:30

Formulas and Spreadsheets for Simple, Composite, and Complex Rotations of Vectors and Bivectors in Geometric (Clifford) Algebra

Authors: James A. Smith
Comments: 29 Pages. Formulas and Spreadsheets for Simple, Composite, and Complex Rotations of Vectors and Bivectors in Geometric (Clifford) Algebra

We show how to express the representations of single, composite, and ``rotated" rotations in GA terms that allow rotations to be calculated conveniently via spreadsheets. Worked examples include rotation of a single vector by a bivector angle; rotation of a vector about an axis; composite rotation of a vector; rotation of a bivector; and the ``rotation of a rotation". Spreadsheets for doing the calculations are made available via live links.
Category: Geometry

[319] viXra:1712.0387 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-19 18:07:36

Metoda Wyprowadzania Licznych Dynamik W Szczególnej Teorii Względności (In Polish)

Authors: Roman Szostek
Comments: 24 Pages. There are many dynamics in STR, and not one, it is believed (in Polish).

W artykule pokazałem swoją nowatorską metodę wyprowadzania dynamik w Szczególnej Torii Względności. Metoda ta pozwala na wyprowadzenie w mechanice relatywistycznej nieskończenie wielu dynamik. Pokazałem pięć przykładów takich wyprowadzeń. Wykazałem w ten sposób, że dynamika znana dzisiaj jako dynamika Szczególnej Teorii Względności jest tylko jedną z nieskończenie wielu możliwych. Nie ma także żadnej podstawy, aby tą obowiązującą dynamikę relatywistyczną traktować jako wyjątkową, ani z powodów eksperymentalnych, ani z powodów teoretycznych. W związku z tym rozstrzygnięcie, która z możliwych dynamik mechaniki relatywistycznej jest prawidłowym modelem rzeczywistości pozostaje otwartym problemem fizyki.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[318] viXra:1712.0386 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-12 01:26:41

On Multi-Criteria Pythagorean Fuzzy Decision-Making

Authors: Liguo Fei, Yong Deng
Comments: 21 Pages.

Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) initially extended by Yager from intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), which can model uncertain information with more general conditions in the process of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). The fuzzy decision analysis of this paper is mainly based on two expressions in Pythagorean fuzzy environment, namely, Pythagorean fuzzy number (PFN) and interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy number (IVPFN). We initiate a novel axiomatic definition of Pythagorean fuzzy distance measure, including PFNs and IVPFNs, and put forward the corresponding theorems and prove them. Based on the defined distance measures, the closeness indexes are developed for PFNs and IVPFNs inspired by the idea of technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) approach. After these basic definitions have been established, the hierarchical decision approach is presented to handle MCDM problems under Pythagorean fuzzy environment. To address hierarchical decision issues, the closeness index-based score function is defined to calculate the score of each permutation for the optimal alternative. To determine criterion weights, a new method based on the proposed similarity measure and aggregation operator of PFNs and IVPFNs is presented according to Pythagorean fuzzy information from decision matrix, rather than being provided in advance by decision makers, which can effectively reduce human subjectivity. An experimental case is conducted to demonstrate the applicability and flexibility of the proposed decision approach. Finally, the extension forms of Pythagorean fuzzy decision approach for heterogeneous information are briefly introduced as the further application in other uncertain information processing fields.
Category: Set Theory and Logic

[317] viXra:1712.0385 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 11:26:37

Time Arrow and Dark Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

The arrow of time and the accelerated expansion are two fundamental empirical facts of the universe. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] “We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit.” [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22] They're looking for dark matter—the stuff that theoretically makes up a quarter of our universe. [21] Results from its first run indicate that XENON1T is the most sensitive dark matter detector on Earth. [20] Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) in Germany have now come up with a new theory on how dark matter may have been formed shortly after the origin of the universe. [19] Map of dark matter made from gravitational lensing measurements of 26 million galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey. [18] CfA astronomers Annalisa Pillepich and Lars Hernquist and their colleagues compared gravitationally distorted Hubble images of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 and two other clusters with the results of computer simulations of dark matter haloes. [17] In a paper published July 20 in the journal Physical Review Letters, an international team of cosmologists uses data from the intergalactic medium— the vast, largely empty space between galaxies—to narrow down what dark matter could be. [16] But a new hypothesis might have gotten us closer to figuring out its identity, because physicists now suspect that dark matter has been changing forms this whole time - from ghostly particles in the Universe's biggest structures, to a strange, superfluid state at smaller scales. And we might soon have the tools to confirm it. [15] Superfluids may exist inside neutron stars, and some researchers have speculated that space-time itself may be a superfluid. So why shouldn’t dark matter have a superfluid phase, too? [14] "The best result on dark matter so far—and we just got started." This is how scientists behind XENON1T, now the most sensitive dark matter experiment world-wide, commented on their first result from a short 30-day run presented today to the scientific community. [13] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. SIMPs would resolve certain discrepancies between simulations of the distribution of dark matter, like this one, and the observed properties of the galaxies. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[316] viXra:1712.0384 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-22 10:37:51

Discovering and Proving that Pi is Irrational, 2nd Edition

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 13 Pages. Additional clarifications and appendix added.

Ivan Niven's proof of the irrationality of pi is often cited because it is brief and uses only calculus. However it is not well motivated. Using the concept that a quadratic function with the same symmetric properties as sine should when multiplied by sine and integrated obey upper and lower bounds for the integral, a contradiction is generated for rational candidate values of pi. This simplifying concept yields a more motivated proof of the irrationality of pi and pi squared.
Category: Number Theory

[315] viXra:1712.0383 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 13:41:40

Mass, Energy and Force in the Theory of Emergent Space-Time-Matter (In Russian)

Authors: Andrey N. Smirnov
Comments: 3 Pages.

The concepts of mass, force and energy in the theory of generated space-time-matter are described.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[314] viXra:1712.0382 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 19:43:19

Gravitational Waves Carry Negative Energy

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 90 Pages. © 2015 Adrian Ferent

“Gravitational waves carry negative energy” Adrian Ferent “Gravitational waves are carried by gravitons” Adrian Ferent This means gravitational waves carry gravitational energy and momentum. “The Gravitational waves have their energy contained in gravitons” Adrian Ferent “The gravitons give a negative momentum to mass-carrying particles to attract them.” Adrian Ferent “Gravitational force is mediated by gravitons faster than the speed of light, with negative momentum” Adrian Ferent The momentum of the graviton is negative p = - m × v and I calculated the speed of the graviton va. “Because the momentum is negative, the relativistic mass -m of the graviton is negative!” Adrian Ferent “The relativistic mass m of the graviton is negative, this implies that the energy of the graviton is negative, E = - m × va2.” Adrian Ferent This means: “Gravitation is caused by negative energy” Adrian Ferent “Gravitons have negative energy E = a × f and the speed higher than the speed of light” Adrian Ferent Einstein’s gravitational waves carry positive energy. That is why: “Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist, how they can detect them?” Adrian Ferent This is another proof that LIGO is a fraud. The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded for a project, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) not for a scientific discovery; they did not detect anything because Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist. The same fraud was in 2013 with the Higgs Boson, the so-called “God particle”.
Category: Astrophysics

[313] viXra:1712.0380 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 01:12:11

12 Excited Electrons. Relation of Riquelme de Gozy: Lan Lineality with Energy of Excited States.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 14 Pages.

This is 12th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Excited state energy is attracted towards Torrebotana Central Line [1] and this attraction is accentuated as n and l are increased. LAN allows Serelles Secondary Lines creation depending on non-excited and excited states. LAN vs. n curve shows soft plain that leads to straight line equation in excited state energy function. Relation of Riquelme de Gozy is this line equation and now, Li detailed study of 1s22s→1s2ns is extended to this jump in other atoms and other jump types. Initially, P50 Initial LAN value in jump from ns to ns is utilized with "Xorrador Approximation" that enables correct first estimate of excited state energies.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[312] viXra:1712.0379 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 01:24:50

16 Excited Electron. Spa III: Mc Flui Transform in Silpovgar III and IV

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 19 Pages.

This is 16th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA) is introduced in [5] and refers to excited states and provides linearity between specific energy relationship and LAN of Serelles Secondary Line [2,4] that allows creation of said secondary line obtained from Torrebotana Central Line [1]. SPA in jump 1s2→1sns (Term=3S and J=1) and nss→ns is treated in [5] and [6] respectively. [6] is first and this is second of three articles that make up a unit. First part of this article concludes Silpovgar study on nss→ns with Mc Flui transform for Silpovgar III and part two of Silpovgar I. Its second part is centred on other jumps behaviour that leads to confluence of Silpovgar IV.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[311] viXra:1712.0377 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 05:43:47

The Fizeau Experiment – the Experiment that Led Physics the Wrong Path for One Century

Authors: Henok Tadesse
Comments: 16 Pages.

Although Fresnel's ether drag coefficient was ad hoc, its curious confirmation by the Fizeau experiment forced physicists to accept and adopt it as the main guide in the development of theories of the speed of light. Lorentz's 'local-time' , which evolved into the Lorentz transformations, was developed to explain the Fizeau experiment and stellar aberration. Given the logical, theoretical and experimental counter-evidences against the theory of relativity today, it turns out that the Fresnel's drag coefficient may not exist at all. The Fizeau experiment and the phenomenon of stellar aberration have no common physical basis. The result of the Fizeau experiment can be explained in a simple, classical way. It is as if nature conspired to lead physicists astray for more than one century. Alternative theories and interpretations for the ether drift experiments and invariance of Maxwell's equations will be proposed. Physicists rightly assumed the invariance of Maxwell's equations, but their deeply flawed conception of light as ordinary local phenomenon led them unnecessarily to seek an 'explanation' for this invariance, which was the Lorentz transformation. Einstein went down the wrong path when he sought an 'explanation' for the light postulate, when none was needed. The invariance of Maxwell's equationsfor light is a direct consequence of non-existence of the ether and there is no explanation for it for the same reason that there is no explanation for light being a wave when there is no medium for its propagation. Constancy of phase velocity of light and rotation of the wave fronts for a moving observer, which are direct consequences of non-existence of light carrying medium, can explain the phenomenon of stellar aberration .The group velocity of light behaves in a conventional way: independent of source absolute velocity, but varying with observer absolute velocity. Light is a dual phenomenon: local and non-local. Light is a dual and quantum mechanical phenomenon. The paradoxes in classical electromagnetism, such as the moving magnet and conductor problem, arose due to incompleteness of classical electromagnetism and its wrong interpretation. The solutions to these paradoxes lay in unconventional and subtle, yet logical and natural, fundamental nature of light and electromagnetism.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[310] viXra:1712.0376 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-11 06:43:19

Magnetic Force on a Current that not Flowing Through the Magnetic Field

Authors: Yannan Yang
Comments: 8 Pages.

From the distribution characteristics of the magnetic field created by a current wire, we speculate that a current wire will experience force from a magnetic field nearby even if the current does not go through the field. From the same analysis, a similar effect should also exist for a moving charged particle, i.e., a moving charged particle will experience force from a nearby magnetic field, although the particle does not cut across the magnetic field. To prove the existence of this force, two experiments are performed and the results support our speculation. Considering the experimental results of this paper, if the relativistic transformation of field is universally valid, a motional electromotive force should be created in a neutral conductor moving through a space where there is no magnetic field, as long as there is a magnetic field around. Experimental designs are proposed to prove this motional electromotive force.
Category: Classical Physics

[309] viXra:1712.0375 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 09:47:16

Black Hole's Magnetism

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

In a paper published today in the journal Science, University of Florida scientists have discovered these tears in the fabric of the universe have significantly weaker magnetic fields than previously thought. The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[308] viXra:1712.0374 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 10:21:20

Proposal for a New Architecture for Anonymous Peer to Peer Networks

Authors: Steven David Young
Comments: 16 Pages. A proposal to Improve Tor Hidden Services

A system that incorporates distributed means of communication as well as steganographic storage techniques while remaining as similar as possible to an existing trusted platform such as Tor could provide a model for a next generation anonymous communication system that is less susceptible to common vulnerabilities, such as an adversarial Global Network Observer.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[307] viXra:1712.0373 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 10:20:16

Concept of Matter

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 4 Pages. Originally published on www.academia.edu

Abstract: Attempts to define ‘matter’ were unsuccessful throughout development of natural philosophy. As advancement in physics called for speedier pace, one attribute of matter – the mass – was accepted as a substitute. Mass of a body (an assumed relation that exists in mathematical analyses and in the minds of analyzers) is considered as an equivalent that can represent body’s 3D matter-content. Mass has successfully usurped rightful place of 3D matter in all contemporary theories to increase their complexity and confusion. In material world, existence of matter is nearest to absolute truth. Defining matter on this basis can provide logical foundations to physical theories.
Category: Classical Physics

[306] viXra:1712.0371 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 14:11:00

Gravitational Collapse: A Mass and Energy Loss Phenomenon

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages. 3 illustrations

For gravitational collapse to occur, a body needs to have mass and energy to lose. Explanation is provided.
Category: Astrophysics

[305] viXra:1712.0370 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 19:33:05

Strong Support for the Mass Independence and Coherency Principles of the General Theory of Stellar Metamorphosis: NGTS-1b

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page. 3 references

The discovery of NGTS-1b strongly supports the principles of mass independence and coherency of stellar evolution and formation according to the general theory. Explanation is provided along with link to original discovery paper showing the issues.
Category: Astrophysics

[304] viXra:1712.0369 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 20:32:00

Friction

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 4 Pages. Originally published on www.academia.edu

Abstract: Opposition to relative movements, between macro bodies in contact, is generally termed as ‘friction’. Friction develops from mutual adhesive tendencies of resultant fields adjacent atoms on the contact surfaces of macro bodies in contact. All atoms have resultant fields surrounding their material structures. Tendency of adhesion between interlinking resultant fields of atoms on either side of contact surface is caused by merger of these fields into a common stable structure. Attempt to destabilize resultant structure of merged fields between bodies in contact results in resistance to their relative motion.
Category: Classical Physics

[303] viXra:1712.0367 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-18 22:34:44

Apparitions du Groupe Monstre en Physique

Authors: Francis M. Sanchez, Christian Bizouard, Dominique Weigel, Renée Veysseyre
Comments: 16 Pages.

Two mandatory triplets of universal constants gives about the same time 5.53 × 10^57 s, corresponding to a crucial lacking point in the Topological Axis : a Cosmic Boson completing the Cartan-Bott series. This time is, apart a factor √2, the Kotov quasar non-Doppler periodicity 9600.61(6) s multiplied by the Monster group order. Entire powers of the later are also identified in canonical ratios of Coherent Cosmology, where the above time appears as the Cosmic Period. The Eddington Statistical approach, considered as the third pillar of physics, rejoins the Feynman cosmic sweeping of a single electron, at last explaining non-parity and confirming the Topological Axis, which rehabilitates tachyonic bosonic string theory. New space and time quanta explain at last the 10^122 vacuum-energy discrepancy. The consideration of canonic economic numbers leads to the discovery that the Monster order is very close to the seventh power of the pariah group J3 order and the 10th power of the mass ratio BEH scalar boson/electron, whose square root is very close to the third perfect number 496, central in string theory. A direct connexion is found between the Monster group and the first Mathieu one, which confirms the Coherent Cosmology value G ≈ 6.67544 × 10^-11 kg^-1m^3s^-2, compatible with the BIPM measurement, but distinct from the tabulated value (4 sigma). The product of orders of the whole “happy family” is very close to a^a, connected with the monster order and basic number theory, implying a ≈ 137.036 to be an optimal calculation basis in a matter-antimatter blinking Cosmos. Implications on Biology and the International System of Units are also discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[302] viXra:1712.0366 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 01:30:48

The Goldbach Conjecture

Authors: Barry Foster
Comments: 1 Page.

This treatment uses two simple facts and seems to confirm the Conjecture without providing an obvious method for discovering GP primes.
Category: Number Theory

[301] viXra:1712.0364 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 07:52:18

On the General Solution to the Mathematical Pendulum and Generalized Mathematical Pendulum Equations

Authors: J. Akande, Y. J. F. Kpomahou, D. K. K. Adjaï, L. H. Koudahoun, M. D. Monsia
Comments: 3 pages

This paper shows, for the first time, that the mathematical pendulum and generalized mathematical pendulum initial and boundary value problems may be computed from the explicit and exact general solution to the corresponding differential equation in a straightforward fashion by a direct method.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[300] viXra:1712.0363 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-10 08:14:55

Physics after the Higgs Boson

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

The work at the CERN research centre in Switzerland became widely known when the 2013 Nobel-prize-winning discovery of the Higgs boson completed the standard model of particle physics. [9] Usha Mallik and her team used a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to help build a sub-detector at the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, located in Switzerland. They're running experiments on the sub-detector to search for a pair of bottom quarks— subatomic yin-and-yang particles that should be produced about 60 percent of the time a Higgs boson decays. [8] A new way of measuring how the Higgs boson couples to other fundamental particles has been proposed by physicists in France, Israel and the US. Their technique would involve comparing the spectra of several different isotopes of the same atom to see how the Higgs force between the atom's electrons and its nucleus affects the atomic energy levels. [7] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[299] viXra:1712.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-08 07:20:28

Economic Sociodynamics: Criticism

Authors: Arsen A. Movsesyan
Comments: 13 Pages.

The article provides a solution to the problem of classification of the Social Sciences, and briefly tells about the newly discovered fundamental Laws of Sociodynamics, which are the driving force of the historic progress. The author, based on these laws, holds constructive criticism of the Concept of Economic Sociodynamics (CES) proposed by R. S. Greenberg and A. J. Rubinstein. The corresponding analysis bears interdisciplinary nature at the junction of sciences such as Sociodynamics, Psychology and Physics. The article reasonably shows the fallacy of the foundation of CES and its potential danger. The author in doing so was basing on the objective Laws of Nature and not on the subjective judgments.
Category: Economics and Finance

[298] viXra:1712.0359 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-12 02:10:44

千古奇冤,素数有限

Authors: Liu Ran
Comments: 6 Pages.

素数个数有限,并且找出欧几里德证明的瑕疵,并举出证据
Category: Number Theory

[297] viXra:1712.0356 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-08 17:36:33

On the Nature of W Boson

Authors: Andrzej Okninski
Comments: 5 Pages.

We study leptonic and semileptonic weak decays working in the framework of Hagen-Hurley equations. It is argued that the Hagen-Hurley equations describe decay of the intermediate gauge boson W. It follows that we get a universal picture with the W boson being a virtual, off-shell, particle with (partially undefined) spin in the $0\oplus 1$ space.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[296] viXra:1712.0355 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-08 19:58:12

On_the_bilateral_laplace_transform_of_the_positive_even_functions_and_proof_of_the_riemann_hypothesis

Authors: Seong Won Cha
Comments: 9 Pages.

This is a brief report before writing a full paper. We proved the Riemann hypothesis using the properties of the bilateral Laplace transform.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[295] viXra:1712.0353 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 04:18:48

Goldbach Conjecture Proof

Authors: Bado idriss olivier
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this paper, we are going to give the proof of the Goldbach conjecture by introducing the lemma which implies Goldbach conjecture. first of all we are going to prove that the lemma implies Goldbach conjecture and in the following we are going to prove the validity of the lemma by using Chébotarev-Artin theorem's, Mertens formula and the Principle of inclusion - exclusion of Moivre
Category: Number Theory

[294] viXra:1712.0352 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-09 04:21:53

Legendre Conjecture

Authors: Bado idriss olivier
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, we are going to give the proof of legendre conjecture by using the Chebotarev -Artin 's theorem ,Dirichlet arithmetic theorem and the principle inclusion-exclusion of Moivre
Category: Number Theory

[293] viXra:1712.0350 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 07:25:03

Systematic Synthetic Factoring

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 8 Pages.

A tabular method of factoring quadratic polynomials is presented.
Category: Education and Didactics

[292] viXra:1712.0349 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 07:49:41

Tabby Star’s Support for New Pysics Starspot Black Holes of Quantum FFF Theory.

Authors: Leo Vuyk
Comments: 36 Pages.

According to Quantum FFF Theory, Sunspots and Starspots in general are originated by former Comet nuclei crashed into the sun (or stars) which should be interpreted as new physics black holes. Those black holes seem to be able repel Fermionic matter but absorb the Axion Higgs field vacuum, which is the origin of a constant nuclear black hole growing ins size, but not in mass effect. Tabby’s star seems to be a star being preparing for super nova explosion by the over density of starspot black hole populations, just as is observed in super novas such as the Helix nebula, showing rings of point like hotspots interpreted as former starspots, expelled from the nucleus. As a consequence, in Quantum FFF Theory ( Function Follows Form) all black holes should deviate strongly from the black holes as proposed by the physics community and could be named “electric dark matter black holes” with an external negative charge without graviton radiation or even real mass- and inertia effects. The gravity effect observed around black holes is supposed to be originated by the dark energy pressure of the external massless “Oscillating Axion Higgs Rigid String Vacuum Lattice” The Massless Axion-Higgs Vacuum Rigid String particle, is the transformer into all other particles (Bosons, Fermions) and even concentrated in Micro and Macro Dark Matter Black Hole Nuclei. Q-FFF Theory, is basically a classical theory based on transformable rigid string based building blocks of a raspberry shaped clockwork multiverse, however these building blocks are all instantly guided by long distance entanglement between CP symmetric copy universal bubbles. As a consequence Quantum FFF Theory should be called a semi classical theory, Those particles are supposed to be based on only one original transformable ring shaped massless virgin particle called the Axion/Higgs vacuum and black hole particle assumed to be the product of the symmetric cyclic cold big bang black hole nucleus as the creator of only one symmetrical raspberry shaped multiverse equipped with an even number of material and anti material universal bubbles. The sheer simplicity of such a system is perhaps the reason that I could not find comparable proposals for theories of everything.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[291] viXra:1712.0348 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 08:00:34

An Extended Version of the Natario Warp Drive Equation Based in the Original $3+1$ $adm$ Formalism Which Encompasses Accelerations and Variable Velocities

Authors: Fernando Loup
Comments: 46 Pages. develops a Natario warp drive which encompasses accelerations

Warp Drives are solutions of the Einstein Field Equations that allows superluminal travel within the framework of General Relativity. There are at the present moment two known solutions: The Alcubierre warp drive discovered in $1994$ and the Natario warp drive discovered in $2001$. However the major drawback concerning warp drives is the huge amount of negative energy density able to sustain the warp bubble.In order to perform an interstellar space travel to a "nearby" star at $20$ light-years away in a reasonable amount of time a ship must attain a speed of about $200$ times faster than light.However the negative energy density at such a speed is directly proportional to the factor $10^{48}$ which is $1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000$ times bigger in magnitude than the mass of the planet Earth!!. With the correct form of the shape function the Natario warp drive can overcome this obstacle at least in theory.Other drawbacks that affects the warp drive geometry are the collisions with hazardous interstellar matter that will unavoidably occurs when a ship travels at superluminal speeds and the problem of the Horizons(causally disconnected portions of spacetime).The geometrical features of the Natario warp drive are the required ones to overcome these obstacles also at least in theory.However both the Alcubierre or Natario warp drive spacetimes always have a constant speed in the internal structure of their equations which means to say that these warp drives always travel with a constant speed.But a real warp drive must accelerate from zero to a superluminal speed of about $200$ times faster than light in the beginning of an interstellar journey and de-accelerate again to zero in the end of the journey.In this work we expand the Natario vector introducing the coordinate time as a new Canonical Basis for the Hodge star and we introduce an extended Natario warp drive equation which encompasses accelerations.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[290] viXra:1712.0347 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 09:10:57

Finding The Next Term Of Any Time Series Type Or Non Time Series Type Sequence Using Total Similarity & Dissimilarity {Version 6} ISSN 1751-3030.

Authors: Ramesh Chandra Bagadi
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this research investigation, the author has detailed a novel scheme of finding the next term of any given time series type or non-time series type sequence.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[289] viXra:1712.0345 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 11:31:38

Earth is Bombarded with Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 19 Pages.

University of Southern Denmark researchers have conducted simulations of dark matter particles hitting the Earth. [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[288] viXra:1712.0344 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-07 03:00:23

Higgs-Tquark NJL 3-State System at LHC (for Higgs) and at Fermilab (for Tquark)

Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
Comments: 34 Pages.

E8 Physics (viXra 1804.0121) views Higgs as a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type Truth Quark -Truth antiQuark Condensate with 3 mass states for Higgs and Truth Quark: Low-mass - 125 GeV Higgs and 130 GeV Truth Quark; Middle-mass - 200 GeV Higgs and 174 GeV Truth Quark; High-mass - 240 GeV Higgs and 220 GeV Truth Quark. This paper is about observations of Higgs and Truth Quark mass states and data analysis such as histogram Error Bars and Bin Widths. Version 5 (v5) adds material about LHCP Bologna 2018.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[287] viXra:1712.0342 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 19:37:22

Disjunctive Sequence are Rare

Authors: F.L.B.Périat
Comments: 2 Pages.

Voici la démonstration que les nombres univers sont infiniment rare.
Category: Number Theory

[286] viXra:1712.0341 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-08 05:38:49

Stable Tetraquarks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

Physicists peering inside the neutron are seeing glimmers of what appears to be an impossible situation. The vexing findings pertain to quarks, which are the main components of neutrons and protons. The quarks, in essence, spin like tops, as do the neutrons and protons themselves. Now, experimenters at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Newport News, Va., have found hints that a single quark can briefly hog most of the energy residing in a neutron, yet spin in the direction opposite to that of the neutron itself, says Science News. [10] The puzzle comes from experiments that aimed to determine how quarks, the building blocks of the proton, are arranged inside that particle. That information is locked inside a quantity that scientists refer to as the proton's electric form factor. The electric form factor describes the spatial distribution of the quarks inside the proton by mapping the charge that the quarks carry. [9] Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Lattice QCD gives the same results as the diffraction patterns of the electromagnetic oscillators, explaining the color confinement and the asymptotic freedom of the Strong Interactions.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[285] viXra:1712.0340 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:40:56

Noi lauri

Authors: Eugen Evu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Profesoara W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, de la Institutul Indian de Tehnologie din Chennai (India), şi profesorul romȃn Florentin Smarandache, de la Universitatea New Mexico din Statele Unite, au primit Premiul statului New Mexico la categoria Ştiinţă şi Matematică pentru cartea lor “Algebraic Structures Using Natural Class of Intervals”, publicată de Editura de Educaţie din oraşul Columbus, în anul 2011.
Category: Social Science

[284] viXra:1712.0339 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:41:35

Nominalizarea Lui Florentin Smarandache Pentru Premiul Nobel Pentru Literatură

Authors: Geo Stroe
Comments: 7 Pages.

Academia DacoRomână din Bucureşti, România, l-a nomi-nalizat pe scriitorul avangardist trilingv (română-franceză-engleză) Florentin Smarandache pentru Premiul Nobel pentru Literatură pe anul 2011. Niciun scriitor trilingv nu a primit Premiul Nobel până în prezent.
Category: Social Science

[283] viXra:1712.0338 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:42:22

Nonsensul Sensului

Authors: Doina Drăgan
Comments: 3 Pages.

Voi face câteva referințe critice asupra cărții Paradoxismul Civic (Nonsensul Sensului). Pamflete, autori Florentin Smarandache și Andrușa R. Vătuiu, Editura Primus, Oradea, 2016. Cititorul, poate observa (afla) de pe coperta IV a cărții ce fel de mișcare internațională în literatură este paradoxismul, când și de cine a fost înființat acest curent (în 1980 în România, de către artistul și omul de știință Florentin Smarandache), cînd și unde a fost publicat primul manifest (în 1983 în prima carte paradoxistă, Le Sens du Nonsens/Sensul nonsensului, în Maroc).
Category: Social Science

[282] viXra:1712.0337 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:46:31

O Călătorie în Antarctica

Authors: Eva Halus
Comments: 2 Pages.

Matematician, om de știință, scriitor – așa se recomandă dr. Florentin Smarandache, autorul cărții “La capătul Pământului: Expediție în Antarctica”. Pasionat de călătorii, el a vizitat 49 de țări până acum, iar în perioada 19-28 decembrie 2015 a participat la o expediția în Antarctica, la bordul vasului olandez Plancius.
Category: Social Science

[281] viXra:1712.0336 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:47:19

O Fațetă a Postmodernismului

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 35 Pages.

Când se va scrie o Istorie a culturii române, care să cuprindă creațiile apărute după Decembrie 1989 – în țară și diasporă – un loc aparte va trebui rezervat literaturii de sertar.
Category: Social Science

[280] viXra:1712.0335 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:49:59

Ofensiva Paradoxismului

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 34 Pages.

În ciuda faptului că unii critici şi teoreticieni literari se prefac a ignora noua mișcare și pe întemeietorul ei principal - Florentin Smarandache, ea este o realitate ce se impune tot mai mult.
Category: Social Science

[279] viXra:1712.0334 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:50:42

O, Florentin :Ecrivez Vos Paradoxes !

Authors: Khalil Raiss
Comments: 4 Pages.

Le jeune poète roumain Ovidiu Florentin vit à Sefrou en sa qualité de prof coopérant. Selon son sentiment, il vit un PARADOXE car il enseigne les maths dans un lycée, là-bas.
Category: Social Science

[278] viXra:1712.0333 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:51:23

O Ipostază de Excepție a Spiritului Uman

Authors: Valerica Ionilete
Comments: 5 Pages.

Profesorul Florentin Smarandache s-a născut la 10 decembrie 1954, în comuna Bălcești (astăzi oraș) din județul Vâlcea și este în prezent conferențiar universitar doctor la Facultatea de Matematică de la Universitatea „New Mexico” din Gallup, New Mexico, SUA.
Category: Social Science

[277] viXra:1712.0332 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:52:05

O Lecție de Viață

Authors: Mirela Teodorescu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache este un savant în dome-niul științelor, publicist (în toate formele jurnalismului) și un mare iubitor de necunoscut. Acest tărâm al necunos-cutului îl provoacă la cercetare, la elucidarea enigmelor, a incertitudinilor, neclarităților, de aici a decurs și teoria sa neutrosofică, teoria neutralităților.
Category: Social Science

[276] viXra:1712.0331 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:53:17

Oltenescul Boț de Humă

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 5 Pages.

,,Întreabă-mă, să te-ntreb” , Editura ,,Macarie”, Târgovişte, 1999, 60 p, este o arenă în care Florentin Smarandache e ,,hărţuit” cu întrebările de Veronica Balaj, Mihail I. Vlad Emilian Mirea, Adrian Dinu Rachieru, Ada Cârstoiu, Ioan Nicoară şi Cornel Popa.
Category: Social Science

[275] viXra:1712.0330 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:54:03

Oltenia lui Ovidiu Florentin

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 3 Pages.

Prima imagine a Olteniei culturale este una opusă austerității. În locul sobrietății rigide, de circumstanță, te întâmpină starea de perpetuă agitație, lucrul făcut în văzul lumii.
Category: Social Science

[274] viXra:1712.0329 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:54:43

O Lume ca Nelumea

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 7 Pages.

În teatru, ca şi în proză, intrarea lui Florentin Smarandache este devastatoare. E un cutremur de nouă grade pe scara Richter. Nimic nu rezistă.
Category: Social Science

[273] viXra:1712.0328 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:55:22

On Paradoxism

Authors: Žakalin Nežić
Comments: 5 Pages.

Begun in the 1980s by Florentin Smarandache, a revolutionary writer, artist, and mathematician, whose works are considered innovative and progressive, as well as controversial, paradoxsim is an avant-garde movement involving literature, art, philosophy, and science.
Category: Social Science

[272] viXra:1712.0327 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:56:11

O Raită Prin Rai

Authors: Andruşa R. Vătuiu
Comments: 8 Pages.

Ȋn vara anului 2015, profesorul universitar dr. Florentin Smarandache ne-a surprins cu o nouă carte.* Autor, co-autor, editor, co-editor a peste 140 de cărţi şi peste 175 lucrări ştiinţifice, matematician renumit, a părăsit pentru o perioadă lumea numerelor, a para-doxului şi a neutrosofiei, pentru a pătrunde ȋntr-o lume mirifică, un arhipelag pierdut undeva ȋn Pacific, unde natura explodează prin imagini ieşite din comun, unde ritmul de viaţă parcă este altul decât cel cotidian iar oamenii ȋşi dezvăluie toată prietenia şi dragostea de care sunt ȋn stare.
Category: Social Science

[271] viXra:1712.0326 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:56:50

Originalitatea Unui Poet

Authors: D. R. Popa
Comments: 2 Pages.

Am primit de curând cartea de versuri "Le sens de non-sens", scrisă de Ovidiu Florentin (Florentin Sma-randache) și tipărită de Editions Artistique din Maroc.
Category: Social Science

[270] viXra:1712.0325 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:57:42

Outer-art

Authors: Al. Sfârlea
Comments: 2 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache, matematicianul și artistul multilateral, stabilit în SUA înainte de ʼ89, care și-a ”împrumutat” numele unor formații matematice și a fondat, în 1980, un curent literar de avangardă – paradoxismul -, fiind, de asemenea, și creatorul ”logicii neutrosofice” (în filosofie, dar și autorul unor versuri de oținută respectabilă, reușește, din nou, să fie suprinzătorși original.
Category: Social Science

[269] viXra:1712.0324 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:58:23

Outer-Art. Avatarurile Unui Comentariu Critic

Authors: Mugur Grosu
Comments: 8 Pages.

Se spune că un reprezentant al școlii Ukiyo-e obișnuia să se semneze Hoksai - cel nebun după desen. Sunt nevoit să folosesc sintagma se spune că deoarece merg pe mâna celor ce popularizează semnalele îndepărtate ale lumii artelor plastice.
Category: Social Science

[268] viXra:1712.0323 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:59:04

O Viaţă de Căutări şi de Creaţie

Authors: Ştefan Dumitrescu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Plecat de pe plaiurile Bălceştiului de Olteţ, profesorul şi scriitorul Florentin Smarandache, actualmente profesor uni-versitar în Statele Unite, face parte din acea categorie a per-sonalităţilor complexe, neliniştite, însetate de cunoaştere şi de adevăr, aflat tot timpul pe un drum care nu se va termina niciodată, al căutării absolutului şi al căutării de sine, al creaţiei şi descoperirii.
Category: Social Science

[267] viXra:1712.0322 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:59:59

Păcală, Extraterestrul și Zmeul

Authors: Al. Mirodan
Comments: 1 Page.

Poet, prozator, matematician și altele, profesorul Florentin Smarandache (stabilit în Statele Unite în anii '80) este și un talentat autor de teatru pentru copii.
Category: Social Science

[266] viXra:1712.0320 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:01:20

Palimpsestul „ReSemnării”

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduţescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Profesorul româno-american Florentin Smarandache este întemeietorul celui mai puternic curent literar-artistic românesc contemporan: paradoxismul.
Category: Social Science

[265] viXra:1712.0319 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:01:57

Par(ad)oxisme

Authors: Ioan Danilă
Comments: 4 Pages.

Nu e deloc uşor să-ţi croieşti un drum al tău în literatură, cu precădere în poezie.
Category: Social Science

[264] viXra:1712.0318 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:02:37

Paradoximul la Maturitate

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduţescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache este întemeietorul paradoxismului. Întâi de toate, este un matematician cu o reputaţie excepţională, are şiruri de numere care-i poartă numele, este fondatorul unei geometrii neeuclidiene, este conducător de doctorat în mai multe universităţi ale lumii: S.U.A., Australia, Indonezia, China etc. Domnia sa este, pe de altă parte, şi poet, prozator, dramaturg.
Category: Social Science

[263] viXra:1712.0317 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:06:11

Paradoximul, O Direcţie de Gândire şi Creaţie

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduţescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache este întemeietorul paradoxismului. Întâi de toate, este un matematician cu o reputaţie excep-ţională, are şiruri de numere care-i poartă numele, este fondatorul unei geometrii neeuclidiene, este conducător de doctorat în mai multe universităţi ale lumii: S.U.A., Australia, Indonezia, China etc. Domnia-sa este, pe de altă parte, şi poet, prozator, dramaturg.
Category: Social Science

[262] viXra:1712.0316 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:07:01

Paradoxism and Postmodernism

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 14 Pages.

For a better understanding of the aims of this essay it is necessary to recall, at least fugitively, the partial (in)adequacy of the notion and the term of postmodernism, what, in spite of the fact that it is recognized for quite a long time in the literature of specialty, still arouses controversies.
Category: Social Science

[261] viXra:1712.0315 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:07:51

Paradoxism Civic

Authors: Andrei Pogány
Comments: 5 Pages.

În primăvara lui 2016, Florentin Smarandache şi Vătuiu Roauă Ion Andruşa, coautori, publică, la Editura Primus din Oradea, volumul lor intitulat „Paradoxismul Civic (Nonsensul Sensului)”.
Category: Social Science

[260] viXra:1712.0314 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:08:42

Paradoxism la Cafeneaua Ceainăria de Platină

Authors: Sorin Găinariu
Comments: 9 Pages.

În „Cafeneaua culturală” din cadrul Complexului Rotonda Boromir din centrul Râmnicului a avut loc în 26 iulie a.c. un eveniment de excepție.
Category: Social Science

[259] viXra:1712.0313 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:12:42

Paradoxism și Postmodernism

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 18 Pages.

Pentru o înțelegere cât mai apropiată de intențiile acestui eseu, se impune să amintim măcar în treacăt, parțială (in)adecvare a noțiunii și termenului de postmodernism, care, în ciuda faptului că s-a impus demult în literatura de specialitate, suscită încă (și incită) la controverse.
Category: Social Science

[258] viXra:1712.0312 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:16:44

Paradoxism și Postmodernism: O Privire Critică

Authors: Mihai Sporiș
Comments: 8 Pages.

Am încercat să ne lămurim, printr-o carte a lui Ion Soare, „Paradoxism și Postmodernism în creația Florentin Smarandache”, care sunt locul și importanța vâlceanului nostru mondializat în cultură, Florentin Smarandache. Demersul lui Ioan Soare, lăudabil în esența lui și în modul de abordare, suferă de unele deficiențe.
Category: Social Science

[257] viXra:1712.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:17:38

Paradoxism’s Offensive

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 19 Pages.

...Therefore, the literary histories are put in front of an event- a literary one, certainly! - that they will have, volens-nolens, to mention, in the worst case, if not to analyze at an equal level with the other movements from the so large and complex field of the letters: the paradoxism.
Category: Social Science

[256] viXra:1712.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:18:42

Paradoxismul Este O Boală Care se Ia!

Authors: Mircea Brenciu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Totul a început odată cu scrisoarea trimisă din Istanbul la redacția publicației Curentul din München. Expeditor – poetul-matematician Florentin Smarandache, aflat în azil politic la Înalta Poartă. Destinatar – scriitorul și criticul Titus Popescu, aflat în exil într-o Germanie ospitalieră.
Category: Social Science

[255] viXra:1712.0309 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:20:19

Paradoxismul O Nouă Fațetă a Postmodernismului

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 23 Pages.

La Smarandache, istoria prea vie a României "de ieri" este stoarsă până la lacrimă şi caricatură, încât orânduirea fonfoistă a lui Hon Hyn a paralizat şi pârjolit totul-de la ideea de libertate până la aceea de muncă.
Category: Social Science

[254] viXra:1712.0308 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:21:22

Paradoxismul Sau Drama Automatismelor

Authors: Geo Vasile
Comments: 4 Pages.

De-a lungul a 139 de pagini plus 4 de bibliografie se întinde strădania eseistului Titu Popescu de a impune paradoxismul drept un concept estetic teoretizat şi ilustrat prin cărţile lui Florentin Smarandache, încă tânărul autor rezident în SUA.
Category: Social Science

[253] viXra:1712.0307 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:22:31

Paradoxismul şi Turismul Rural

Authors: Gheorghe Săvoiu, Ion Iorga-Simăn, Constantin Manea, Marian Ţaicu
Comments: 18 Pages.

Paradoxismul, în dubla sa calitate de curent literar şi metodă ştiinţifică de abordare a realităţii, a fost datorat matematicianului şi logicianului Florentin Smarandache şi a început ca un protest anti-totalitar impotriva unei societăţi plasate în autarhie sau izolare aproape completă, aşa cum era România anilor ’80, când valorile culturale şi ştiinţifice erau manipulate iar cele materiale deţinute aparent de un singur grup ale căror idei şi nevoi aveau prioritate absolută şi impact politic.
Category: Social Science

[252] viXra:1712.0306 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:23:43

Paradoxismul un Logos Ascuns

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 10 Pages.

Poezia paradoxistică, în ceea ce a realizat mai nobil, mai durabil, a sondat după misterele lumii, dincolo de realitatea imediată, adică în idee, de la înălţimea căreia se poate începe ca un evantai tot arsenalul liric: melancolia, angoasa, subtilitatea, discreţia ş.c.!.
Category: Social Science

[251] viXra:1712.0305 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:24:41

Paradoxologia Vieții și Ispita de Neant

Authors: Dumitru Ichim
Comments: 6 Pages.

OEra prin 1980. Florentin Smarandache, cunoscut ca matematician şi poet, în calitate de participant la viaţa polis-ului, într-un mod "politicos", ia o "atitudine politică" împotriva regimului comunist totalitar, iniţiind Mişcarea Literară Paradoxistă.
Category: Social Science

[250] viXra:1712.0304 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:28:13

Paradoxologie și Paradoxism

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 12 Pages.

La începutul deceniului opt al acestui secol, un cunoscut dramaturg, om de teatru, francezul Jacques Sarthou, de la Teatre de l'Île de France, primind de la Florentin Smarandache Manifeste non-conformiste pour un nouveau mouvement Iitteraire: le Paradoxisme, s-a simţit atât de entuziasmat la citirea. programului noii mişcări, încât l-a proclamat pe autor "le plus grand poete du XX -eme siecle".
Category: Social Science

[249] viXra:1712.0303 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:32:29

Effect of Dark Matter and Dark Energy on Discreteness of Universe

Authors: Amir Ali Tavajoh
Comments: 13 Pages.

Existence of Dark Matter is proved by the flat rotation curves which show the distribution of luminous matter and dark matter when we move from the De Vaucuoleur spheroid of galaxy to the farthest points from center of galaxy. The dark matter increases as we get far from it, on the contrary, the luminous matter decreases. There are two types of Dark Matter: 1- Baryonic Dark Matter, 2- Non-baryonic Dark Matter; The volunteers for elements of dark matter are as follows: 1. MACHO (known as Baryonic Dark Matter) 2. Neutrinos (based on OPERA experiment, it is more probable that Tau neutrinos would be the fundamentals of dark matter), these are candidates for Non-baryonic Dark Matter, Hot Dark Matter. 3. Neutralinos (Candidate for Cold Dark Matter) 4. WIMP (Candidate for Cold Dark Matter) Dark energy and Dark Matter are making the universe accelerating in a way that the voids get totally empty and superclusters get heavier in the universe by pushing the galaxies located at the void to the superclusters. The primordial universe was continuous and there was no void, but as time goes and the superclusters appeared, voids appeared as well and the universe turn out to be discrete.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[248] viXra:1712.0302 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:29:05

Paradoxology and Paradoxism

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 6 Pages.

At the beginning of 1980’s, a well-known playwright and man of theatre, the Frenchman Jacques Sarthou from Theatre de l’Ile de France, receiving from Florentin Smarandache the “Manifeste non-conformiste pour un nouveau movement litter ire, le Paradoxisme”, was so enthusiastic at the reading of the new movement’s programme, that claimed the author “le plus grand poete du xx-eme siecle”.
Category: Social Science

[247] viXra:1712.0301 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:29:50

Paradoxul Mulțimilor

Authors: Valeriu Perianu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Avem enunțul: "Dacă orice mulțime este inclusă într-o altă mulțime, mulțimea tuturor mulțimilor în ce este inclusă?".
Category: Social Science

[246] viXra:1712.0300 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:30:33

Paradoxurile Unui Spirit

Authors: Nicolae Rusu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Se știe că valorificarea creațiilor folclorice este o activitate de importanță majoră pentru perpetuarea în timp a unui popor. În această idee, firește, au insistat încă în anii de dominație sovietică și cercetătorii în domeniu din spațiul geografic dintre Nistru și Prut.
Category: Social Science

[245] viXra:1712.0299 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:31:18

Pledoarie Pentru Omul Liber

Authors: Dan Tărchilă
Comments: 5 Pages.

Formulele teatrului modern continuă să seducă și să influențeze dramaturgia contemporană, impunându-și continuu amprenta dată de patroni, de la inițiatori până astăzi.
Category: Social Science

[244] viXra:1712.0298 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:32:08

Poems

Authors: David Castleman
Comments: 2 Pages.

The sensations of our living perceptions are celeb-rated in their mad wild glory. Every page exclaims riotously with announcement of sensation, and (perhaps) uncontrollably.
Category: Social Science

[243] viXra:1712.0297 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:32:51

Poetica Patafizicii

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 4 Pages.

În primele luni ale acestui an, a văzut lumina ti-parului cartea Estetica paradoxismului, de Titu Popescu*.
Category: Social Science

[242] viXra:1712.0296 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:33:34

Poezia Paradoxistă

Authors: Adrian Lesenciuc
Comments: 8 Pages.

Matematicianul Florentin Smarandache a înființat în anii ´80 o mișcare literară în zona tulbure de inter-ferență a artelor cu științele exacte – Mișcare Literară care a făcut înconjurul mapamondului.
Category: Social Science

[241] viXra:1712.0295 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:34:18

Poezia Unui Matematician

Authors: Constantin Popescu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Literatura română de azi își înmulțește numărul de poeți a căror profesie de bază este matematica cu craioveanul Ovidiu Florentin, al cărui volum de versuri, intitulat Sentimente fabricate în laborator, a apărut în acest an, în versiune franceză, în Maroc.
Category: Social Science

[240] viXra:1712.0294 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:35:01

Popasuri Scriitoricești, 2

Authors: Ion Părăianu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Să vorbești despre Florentin Smarandache trebuie să ai curajul unui luptător, care, când intră în ring, să fie sigur de victorie, ceea ce, în cazul de față, nu se poate. Florentin Smarandache nu poate fi învins!
Category: Social Science

[239] viXra:1712.0293 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:35:57

Popasuri Scriitoricești, 3

Authors: Marian Pătrașcu
Comments: 10 Pages.

În vara anului trecut, prietenul și făcătorul de reviste Petre Cichirdan, m-a informat că dl. Florentin Smarandache, neobositul spirit enciclopedic oltean, profesor la New Mexico University, SUA, intenționează să scoată o antologie intitulată Popasuri scriitoricești pe Olt și Olteț.
Category: Social Science

[238] viXra:1712.0292 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:36:45

Posibilul Imposibilului

Authors: Mirela Teodorescu
Comments: 18 Pages.

Sunt oameni pentru care sunt mult prea puţine lucruri pe care nu ştiu să le facă, să le abordeze, să le înțeleagă. Sunt oameni cărora le este de ajuns să-i priveşti că au înţeles semnificaţia, sunt oameni pentru care n-ai terminat de rostit propoziţia că au şi dat soluţia, sunt … oameni!
Category: Social Science

[237] viXra:1712.0291 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:37:44

Postface to Defective Writing

Authors: Stephen J. Crothers
Comments: 1 Page.

So as not to render Smarandache non-Smarandache, or perhaps both Smarandache and not Smarandache, I have had to refrain from a conservative impulse to render everything herein strictly in terms of the rules of English grammar, syntax and orthography.
Category: Social Science

[236] viXra:1712.0290 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:39:28

Post-Modernismul Paradoxist

Authors: George Băjenaru
Comments: 6 Pages.

Prin arta sa, poetul Smarandache îmi aminteşte de precizia matematică a artei gravorului olandez Maurits Comelis Escher, de procedeul inversiunii raportului formă/fond, dar mai ales de ambiguitatea care l-a facut celebru pe Escher.
Category: Social Science

[235] viXra:1712.0289 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:40:12

Post-Paradoxismul

Authors: Titu Popescu
Comments: 8 Pages.

Când publicasem, în 1995, Estetica paradoxismului, nu mă așteptasem ca o asemenea riscantă construcție teoretică să înregistreze un ecou neașteptat: a apărut ediția a II-a în anul 2001, iar în 2002 să fie tradusă în limba engleză: The Aesthetics of Paradoxism.
Category: Social Science

[234] viXra:1712.0288 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:43:08

Preface to Through Tunnels of Words

Authors: Ovidiu Ghidirmic
Comments: 6 Pages.

The title of the volume immediately captures attention. Through tunnels of words, a metaphore of the last poem of the volume, wants to suggest the unidirectional going of the poetical speech through the tunnels of the words of the one single poem.
Category: Social Science

[233] viXra:1712.0287 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 02:47:40

Prefață la Prin Tunele de Cuvinte

Authors: Ovidiu Ghidirmic
Comments: 6 Pages.

Poetul se dezice de el însuși, de o ipostază a sa lirică anterioară. Titlul volumului ne atrage, numaidecât, atenția.Prin tunele de cuvinte, o metaforă din poemul ultim al volumului, vrea să sugereze mersul unidirecțional al discursului poetic.
Category: Social Science

[232] viXra:1712.0286 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:00:47

Premierea Unui Egiptean... ,,smarandachist"!

Authors: Mircea Monu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Ziarul nostru a scris în 15 decembrie 2007 despre apariția în Egipt, în limba araba, a cărții ,,Neutrosofia în filozofia arabaʺ, scrisă (împreuna cu vâlceanul Florentin Smarandache) de lect. univ. dr. Salah Osman, de la Departamentul de Filozofie al Facultății de Arte a Universitații ,,Minufiyaʺ din orașul Shibin Al Kawm, Guvernoratul (provincia) Minufiya, din Delta Nilului și despre participarea vâlceano-americanului Florentin Smarandache, corespondent special al ziarului nostru, la oconferință internațională pe tema netrosofiei îngândirea arabă, desfășurată în 16 decembrie 2007 la sediul acestei universități.
Category: Social Science

[231] viXra:1712.0285 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:03:20

Pseudo-Eseu Asupra Unui Nou Curent Literar Euro-American:paradoxismul

Authors: Ion Rotaru
Comments: 31 Pages.

În ciuda marei, arzătoarei dorințe a întemeietorului ei, Mișcarea Paradoxistă nu s-a născut odată cu el, la 10 decembrie 1954, la Bălceşti, j. Vâlcea, în România. Căci aceasta este data venirii pe lume a lui FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE, actualmente rezident în USA, profesor de matematici, autor de "nonpoeme", fost disident anticeauşist, fugit din ţară înainte de aşa zisa revoluţie din decembrie 1989, cu un popas mai prelungit în Turcia, într-un lagăr de lângă Ankara.
Category: Social Science

[230] viXra:1712.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:04:16

Puritate Nebună, Nebună, Nebună

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 3 Pages.

Albumul lui Florentin Smarandache, „Outer-art”, volumul II, Editura „Conphis”, Râmnicu Vâlcea, 2002, 166 p, consilier editorial Ion Soare, coperta: Florentin Smarandache, este o super carte, oglindă cazută pe gânduri, excepţională lecţie de libertate şi semnul unui talent fără borne.
Category: Social Science

[229] viXra:1712.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:05:29

Qu`est-ce Que C’est le Paradoxisme ?

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 4 Pages.

On confond souvent le paradoxe avec l’exercice plat et ennuyeux de réhabilitation du truisme.
Category: Social Science

[228] viXra:1712.0282 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:06:35

Radicalizarea Fastidioasă a Inversității

Authors: Marian Popa
Comments: 20 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache (n. 10.12.1954 Bălcești; liceul pedagogic absolvit la Craiova, în 1972; tot acolo licența în matematică, în 1979, apoi programator într-o uzină, profesor de liceu în țară și în Maroc, 1982-1984; refugiat politic în 1988-90 în Turcia, emigrant în SUA, computerist, universitar în New Mexico) a debutat poetic în revista școlii în 1970.
Category: Social Science

[227] viXra:1712.0281 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:07:42

Recidiva Paradoxistă

Authors: Ion Urda
Comments: 5 Pages.

Paradoxism... s-a vorbit și se va mai vorbi despre acest curent literar fundamentat de sclipirea minții unui năbădăios oltean care și-a luat lumea-n cap și a reușit apoi să și-o aștearnă la picioare.
Category: Social Science

[226] viXra:1712.0280 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:08:23

Review

Authors: Arnold Skemer
Comments: 2 Pages.

I must come to the crux of the matter and ignore the introduction and window dressings of this opuscule.* From out of the abstruse prose with its strang syntax, comes the declaration of the compatibility of Paradoxism with the great cultural juggernaut of our times, Post-modernism.
Category: Social Science

[225] viXra:1712.0245 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-15 00:19:55

Was the J. F. Kennedy Assassination a Conspiracy?

Authors: Jorma Jormakka
Comments: 10 Pages. Typos corrected.

In the year 2001 Donald B. Thomas published in the journal Science&Justice an article where the acoustic evidence in the J. F. Kennedy assassination case was re-evaluated. Two later articles rebutted the claims of Thomas. In this article it is shown that while the synchronization points used by Thomas are not confirmed by the present study, the main conclusion of Thomas is correct: the earlier synchronization was invalid. The article shows that signals that were claimed to be crosstalk have apparently been manipulated by signal processing methods.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[224] viXra:1712.0244 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-13 13:47:16

A Review of Multiple Try MCMC Algorithms for Signal Processing

Authors: Luca Martino
Comments: 46 Pages. (to appear) Digital Signal Processing, 2018.

Many applications in signal processing require the estimation of some parameters of interest given a set of observed data. More specifically, Bayesian inference needs the computation of a-posteriori estimators which are often expressed as complicated multi-dimensional integrals. Unfortunately, analytical expressions for these estimators cannot be found in most real-world applications, and Monte Carlo methods are the only feasible approach. A very powerful class of Monte Carlo techniques is formed by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. They generate a Markov chain such that its stationary distribution coincides with the target posterior density. In this work, we perform a thorough review of MCMC methods using multiple candidates in order to select the next state of the chain, at each iteration. With respect to the classical Metropolis-Hastings method, the use of multiple try techniques foster the exploration of the sample space. We present different Multiple Try Metropolis schemes, Ensemble MCMC methods, Particle Metropolis-Hastings algorithms and the Delayed Rejection Metropolis technique. We highlight limitations, benefits, connections and dierences among the different methods, and compare them by numerical simulations.
Category: Statistics

[223] viXra:1712.0243 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-10 06:59:03

Stochastic Control of the Universe

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 5 Pages. This is part of the Hilbert Book Model project

In contrast to the approach taken by mainstream physics, the Hilbert Book Model applies stochastic control of dynamic coherence and binding of module components. Each module owns its private stochastic process. All stochastic processes own a characteristic function.
Category: Quantum Physics

[222] viXra:1712.0242 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-09 03:30:52

Diversity of Floating Platforms

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 3 Pages. This is part of the Hilbert Book Model project

Physical reality archives its dynamic geometric data in a read-only repository. This repository emerges from its foundation which is an orthomodular lattice. The repository is a combination of a series of separable Hilbert spaces that share the same infinite dimensional vector space. For the definition of the inner product of pairs of vectors the separable Hilbert spaces apply a private version of the quaternionic number system. A non-separable Hilbert space embeds the separable Hilbert spaces. The version of the quaternionic number system acts as a parameter space. These parameter spaces float over a background parameter space.
Category: Quantum Physics

[221] viXra:1712.0241 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-09 03:33:59

Nature's Basic Dark Quanta

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 3 Pages.

Two kinds of super-tiny shock fronts represent nature’s basic dark quanta. All other discrete objects in nature are configured by these dark quanta.
Category: Quantum Physics

[220] viXra:1712.0240 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:09:07

Revoluție Etern Revoltată

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 4 Pages.

Până în 1984, când publica a doua ediţie a volumului „Le sens du non-sens”, în limba franceză, la Fés, în Maroc (prima tot în Maroc, 1983), Florentin Smarandache îşi cioplise deja câteva pietre pentru templul său: „L’heure de la planète”, 1980, Craiova, „Formules pour l’esprit”, 1981, Bucureşti, „Problèmes avec et sans …problèmes”, 1983, Fés, Maroc (în limba franceză).
Category: Social Science

[219] viXra:1712.0239 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:09:48

Să Schimbăm Lumea Numai cu Puterea Gândului!

Authors: Andrușa R. Vătuiu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache a revenit cu un nou foto-videojurnal instantaneu, „Viitorul a început în trecutˮ,* continuând cu o serie de flash-uri narative, după cum ne-a obișnuit deja, surprinzând în mod magistral esența experiențelor trăite pe alte meleaguri.
Category: Social Science

[218] viXra:1712.0238 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:10:29

Satire, Humor and Symbolism

Authors: A. Johnson
Comments: 3 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache, like many Eastern Eur-opean writers, uses satire, humor and symbolism to disguise political exposés on the totalitarian regime under which he lived and worked – a regime, which often threatened and carried out against the writers and intellectuals who opposed them, harsh punishment, including coercion, intimidation, creation of damaging dossiers, ostracization, confiscation of their writings, imprisonment, and even death.
Category: Social Science

[217] viXra:1712.0237 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:11:15

Scrieri Defecte

Authors: Daniel Deleanu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Perseverent în a-și răspândi pe mai multe meridiane arta poetică paradoxistă, al cărei creier și cap de afiș este, încrezător în posibilitățile de afirmare deschise de drumul pe care singur și l-a croit și, nu în ultimul rând, susținut de câțiva critici români dintre care se detașează Ion Rotaru și Titu Popescu – ultimul chiar autor al unei cărți axate pe estetica paradoxismului, Florentin Smarandache este astăzi un nume care începe să capete din ce în ce mai multă pregnanță.
Category: Social Science

[216] viXra:1712.0236 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:11:58

Scriitori de pe Olt și Olteț

Authors: Ion Jianu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Prolificul scriitor oltean Florentin Smarandache, stabilit în SUA de dinainte de 1990, a publicat un volum antologic cuprinzând câteva portrete ale unor scriitori și publiciști olteni din Dolj și Vâlcea.
Category: Social Science

[215] viXra:1712.0235 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:12:44

Scriitorul Florentin Smarandache se Impune în Sua

Authors: Mircea Marinescu
Comments: 8 Pages.

La 23 martie 1990 ateriza la aeroportul din Phoenix (Arizona) un grup de cinci refugiați români veniți din lagărele turcești după o așteptare de 2-3 ani (!). printre aceștia era și Florentin Smarandache; despre care nu știam mare lucru la vremea aceea. A fost găzduit la domnul Nicoară (ce lucra la ”Tolstoy Foundation” și de aceea mulți noi emigranți luau primul contact cu dumnealui) vreo două luni jumătate pe când l-am vizitat eu.
Category: Social Science

[214] viXra:1712.0234 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:13:24

Scripta Furtiva

Authors: Octavian Blaga
Comments: 1 Page.

Poemele cu poeme ale lui Florentin Smarandache sunt o surpriză foarte plăcută în peisajul oarecum anost al poeziei româneşti de început de mileniu trei (ReSemnare, Oradea, 2013; PreSimţiri şi PostSimţiri, Oradea, 2013).
Category: Social Science

[213] viXra:1712.0233 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:14:12

Short Notes on Smarandache

Authors: Charles T. Le
Comments: 3 Pages.

In his volume of poems, paradoxically called ʺNonPoemsʺ (Xiquan Publ. Hse., Phoenix – Chicago, 1990), the poet Florentin Smarandache (1954-) wrote empty/blank poems! These poems have no lines and no titles at all (page 87 to 93)!
Category: Social Science

[212] viXra:1712.0232 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:14:58

Soarta Unui om

Authors: Mircea Radu Iacoban
Comments: 4 Pages.

Ciudat personaj olteanul Smarandache! Și-a lăsat nevasta cu un copil mititel și altul pe cale să se nască, spre a o „tăia” către Istanbul prin septembrie 1988.
Category: Social Science

[211] viXra:1712.0231 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:15:40

Străin Printre Străini

Authors: George Mitin Varieșescu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache: un român care nu a uitat de ce a fost obligat să-și părăsească cuibul drag, pe timpul lui Ceaușescu. Un cadru didactic, care rămâne fără... cadre, un inginer fără... inginerie, un familist fără.. familie, un patriot... fără patrie, un amic fără... amici, un...
Category: Social Science

[210] viXra:1712.0230 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:16:16

Strunind Caii Albi ai Poeziei

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 2 Pages.

Poet venit dinspre partea științelor, Ovidiu Flo-rentin* a descoperit că drumul cel mai scurt dintre două sentimente este versul lui. Pe baza acestui principiu, încearcă să lumineze întunericul sufletului cu superbă insolență și nemăsurat orgoliu, sfidând primejdia mani-erismului.
Category: Social Science

[209] viXra:1712.0229 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:17:01

Templul Zburător

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 5 Pages.

Gogoaşa literaturii mondiale a secolului al XX-lea a făcut de mai multe ori explozie (deloc în surdină), născând câteva tornade, câteva vârtejuri şi, firesc, mai multe adieri: futurismul (1909), saudasismul (1910), crepuscularismul (1911), imagismul (1913), akmeismul (1913), vorticismul (1914), dadaismul (1916), creaţionismul (1917), ultraismul (1918), suprarealismul (1924), realismul socialist (1934), ermetismul (1936).
Category: Social Science

[208] viXra:1712.0228 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:18:14

Tradiția Paradoxismului

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 14 Pages.

Cine sunt paradoxiștii?
Category: Social Science

[207] viXra:1712.0227 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:18:53

Triumful Paradoxismului

Authors: Elena Adriana Răducan
Comments: 4 Pages.

Seventh International Anthology on Paradoxism, apărutăîn 2012, editor Florentin Smarandache, poate fi considerată un triumf al paradoxismului, locul metaforelor fiind luat de antiteze şi oximoroni.
Category: Social Science

[206] viXra:1712.0226 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:19:41

Two Mathematicians Poets: Ion Barbu and Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 7 Pages.

According to his own confession, till 25 years old Florentin Smarandache was not interested by literature, but he even scorned it.
Category: Social Science

[205] viXra:1712.0225 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:20:20

Un Binom Inteligent

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 3 Pages.

Tăioasă, ca o răzbunare de critic literar, poezia lui Florentin Smarandache te ţine încordat la maxim gorki.
Category: Social Science

[204] viXra:1712.0224 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:21:15

Un Breviar al Eliberării Duhului

Authors: Adrian Botez
Comments: 4 Pages.

Volumul şapte al Antologiei Paradoxismului Internaţional/ SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL ANTHOLOGY ON PARADOXISM – 2012 (The Educational Publisher Inc. 1313 Chesapeake Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43212,USA), o antologie realizată de nimeni altul decât de iniţiatorul Mişcării Paradoxiste Internaţionale, FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE, beneficiază de contribuţii de la scriitori din lumea largă.
Category: Social Science

[203] viXra:1712.0223 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:28:50

Statistical Correlation on Physico Chemical Analysis an Integrative Teaching Approach

Authors: Sushanta Saha, Joydeep Datta, Harasit Kumar Mandal
Comments: 03 Pages.

In this note we wish to report a general teaching methodology which correlates the most common analytical data with Relative Standard Deviation (RSD). Then there data of RSD can be introduced in standard regression software like Origin Pro 8.0, enabling the analytical ability of the Physico-Chemical experiments which are in the syllabus of our Physical Chemistry teaching approach.
Category: Chemistry

[202] viXra:1712.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:34:57

Un Cowboy în Mahala

Authors: Marinela Preoteasa
Comments: 6 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache a scris acest volum, terapeutic pentru el cât şi pentru cei care-l citesc, încercând să se vindece de nostalgia anilor de copilărie şi adolescenţă, de iubirile curate, îngereşti, ale anilor de liceu şi facultate, în amintirea anilor de „mare şmecher” a vieţii studentului studios (demonstrată printr-o escapadă la mici şi bere, departe de ochii părinţilor, însemnând pentru sufletul lui curat, de şef de promoţie, o mare încălcare a legilor de conduită onorabilă!).
Category: Social Science

[201] viXra:1712.0221 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:35:41

Un Débat Contemporain Sur la Poésie

Authors: Jean-Michel Levenard
Comments: 16 Pages.

Avouons-le d'emblée, ce qui importe dans la démarche de Florentin Smarandache avant que de s'accorder ou de se perdre en discussion sur la valeur intrinsèque de ses créations, c'est qu' elle ouvre un débat contemporain sur la poésie.
Category: Social Science

[200] viXra:1712.0220 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:36:35

Un Franc-Tireur Paradoxiste

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 12 Pages.

Un poète venu du côté des sciences, Florentin Smarandache, a découvert que le chemin le plus court entre deux sentiments est le vers et, sur la base de ce principe, cherche à éclairer l’obscurité de l’âme avec une superbe insolence et un orgueil démesuré, bravant le danger du maniérisme du pastiche.
Category: Social Science

[199] viXra:1712.0219 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:39:14

Un Franctiror Paradoxist

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 19 Pages.

Poet venit dinspre partea știinţelor, FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE a descoperit că drumul cel mai scurt dintre două sentimente este versul.
Category: Social Science

[198] viXra:1712.0218 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:39:55

Universul Lui Smarandache

Authors: Mihail I. Vlad
Comments: 2 Pages.

Am mai afirmat și cu alte prilejuri că la o judecată dreaptă a scrisului românesc nu se poate neglija contri-buția de substanță a scriitorilor din afara granițelor Țării.
Category: Social Science

[197] viXra:1712.0217 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:40:33

Un Jurnal de Lagăr

Authors: T. Topoloveanu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Prin amabilitatea doamnei Marilena Preoteasa, profesoară, cândva editor al unei reviste slătinene, ne-a fost dat să cunoaștem, nu direct, ci prin forța cuvântului scris și tipărit, peripețiile celor atrași înainte de 1989 de mirajul occidentului, sătui de vitregiile totalitarismului comunist.
Category: Social Science

[196] viXra:1712.0216 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:41:36

Un Jurnal Freudian

Authors: Lucian Chișu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Am mai scris despre "cazul" Smarandache nu cu mult timp în urmă.
Category: Social Science

[195] viXra:1712.0215 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:43:50

Un Jurnal Marocan

Authors: Titu Popescu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Jurnal marocal este din perioada când autorul predase matematica în nordul Africii, este un text de început al maestrului paradoxismului, când încă nu-şi radicalizase experimentele literare. Cartea apare nu în America,unde trăieşte acum, nu în România, de unde se trage, ci la...Chişinău.
Category: Social Science

[194] viXra:1712.0214 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:44:28

Un Nume de Rezonanţă în Cultură şi ştiinţă

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 6 Pages.

Născut la 10 decembrie 1954 în comuna (azi – oraşul) Bălceşti din judeţul Vâlcea, Florentin Sma-randache este, indubitabil, unul dintre cei mai cunoscuţi olteni din lume! „Serialul” său memorialistic Frate cu meridianele şi paralelele, ajuns la cel de-al IX-lea volum, ar avea darul să convingă singur pe oricine s-ar îndoi de îndreptăţirea aprecierii noastre.
Category: Social Science

[193] viXra:1712.0213 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:45:09

Un Oltean în Antarctica

Authors: Andrușa R. Vătuiu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Încă din prima lună a anului 2016, profesorul universitar Florentin Smarandache ne surprinde cu o nouă apariție editorială: “La capătul pământului: Expediție în Antarctica”.
Category: Social Science

[192] viXra:1712.0212 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:45:46

Un Răsfăț al Literaturii Sfârșitului de Secol

Authors: Ada Cârstoiu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Originar din comuna Bălcești, județul Vâlcea, acest domn al cuvântului răstoarnă concepții, mentalități, prin înființarea la Craiova în anii ʼ80 -ʼ81 a Mișcării Literare Paradoxiste, al cărei reprezentat este.
Category: Social Science

[191] viXra:1712.0211 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:46:36

Un Savant Polivalent

Authors: Mihaly Bencze
Comments: 10 Pages.

Prof. univ. dr. Florentin Smarandache este un polivalent – el este autorul, co-autorul, editorul şi co-editorul a 139 de cărţi şi a peste 175 lucrări ştiinţifice.
Category: Social Science

[190] viXra:1712.0209 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:48:20

Un Teatru Pentru O Lume întoarsă pe Dos

Authors: Al. Florin Țene
Comments: 4 Pages.

O bună lecție de teatru critic aflăm în volumul lui Florentin Smarandache, întitulat programatic Metaistorie (Editura Doris, București).
Category: Social Science

[189] viXra:1712.0208 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:49:06

Un ţipăt şi O Eflorescenţă a Spiritualităţii Româneşti

Authors: Ştefan Dumitrescu
Comments: 21 Pages.

Acum, după ce i-am recenzat mai multe cărţi lui Florentin Smarandache, lecturând America - paradisul diavolului, (apă-rută la Editura Aius, Craiova, 1994), Frate cu meridianele şi paralelele, vol. 6 (Editura Silviana, Râmnicu Vâlcea, 2010) şi Dragă Domnule Rotaru.
Category: Social Science

[188] viXra:1712.0207 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 03:49:43

Vizitez şi învăţ

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduțescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Profesorul Florentin Smarandache este fondatorul curen-tului estetic paradoxist, primul curent cu accentuate funda-mente logico-ştiinţifice. Totodată, paradoxismul este printre foarte, foarte puţinele direcţii estetice impuse în ultimii 20 de ani. Prin adepţii săi, mişcarea de gândire paradoxistă aprinde lumini pe toate continentele.
Category: Social Science

[187] viXra:1712.0206 [pdf] replaced on 2018-03-12 09:03:33

Delphi

Authors: M. W. Roberts
Comments: 15 Pages.

An optical communication system is described. The system provides a unique operational capability.
Category: Quantum Physics

[186] viXra:1712.0202 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 19:30:08

Conjecture de Brocard et Nouvelle Conjecture

Authors: Réjean Labrie
Comments: 1 Page.

542 Place Macquet
Category: Number Theory

[185] viXra:1712.0201 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 21:21:19

Reflections on the Reality of the Wavefunction

Authors: Jean Louis Van Belle MAEc BAEc BPhil
Comments: 18 Pages.

This paper further explores the structural similarities between the elementary quantum-mechanical wavefunction and circularly polarized electromagnetic waves to further tune a possible physical interpretation of the wavefunction. The interpretation that is offered analyzes the real and the imaginary part of the wavefunction as oscillations which each carry half of the total energy of the particle. These oscillations are perpendicular to each other, and the interplay between both may describe how energy propagates through space over time. The model is based on three fundamental premises: 1.The dimension of the matter-wave field vector is force per unit mass (N/kg), as opposed to the force per unit charge (N/C) dimension of the electric field vector. This dimension is an acceleration (m/s2), which is the dimension of the gravitational field. 2.This gravitational disturbance may cause a charged mass to move about some center, combining linear and circular motion. This interpretation may reconcile the wave-particle duality to some extent: fields interfere but if, at the same time, they do drive a pointlike particle, this may explain why, as Feynman puts it, “when you do find the electron some place, the entire charge is there.” This hybrid hypothesis is supported by an elegant yet simple derivation of the Compton radius of an electron. 3.In light of the direction of the magnetic moment of an electron in an inhomogeneous magnetic field, the plane which circumscribes the circulatory motion of the electron should also comprise the direction of its linear motion. Hence, unlike an electromagnetic wave, the plane of the two-dimensional oscillation cannot be perpendicular to the direction of motion of our electron. Finally, this paper addresses an issue which has hampered other physical interpretations of the wavefunction: amplitude transformations when going from one representation (or reference frame) to another. Indeed, the author re-visits the original mathematical arguments here and shows that the proposed model, and the related physical interpretation of the wavefunction, are not incompatible with the key results and mainstream logic in this regard.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[184] viXra:1712.0200 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:28:50

Florentin Smarandache le Poete du Point Sous le I

Authors: Florin Vasiliu
Comments: 32 Pages.

Mais, surtout, quand serait le lecteur interese par la vie d'un poete? Un lecteur passione de poesie pourrait repondre:"jamais".
Category: Social Science

[183] viXra:1712.0199 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:29:41

Florentin Smarandache Or/and the First Source of Paradoxism (Instead of Introduction)

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 3 Pages.

As if it wanted to be in accordance with the paradoxism and even to confirm it, the way the mathematician writer Florentin Smarandache is received is ... paradoxical.
Category: Social Science

[182] viXra:1712.0198 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:30:25

Florentin Smarandache: Poetul Matematician

Authors: Ion Machidon
Comments: 3 Pages.

Profesorul Florentin Smarandache, care trăieşte departe de ţară, în afară de meseria sa de dascăl, se ocupă îndeaproape de literatură, scriind cărţi de poezie, proză, teatru ş.a., dar nu ignoră ştiinţele exacte, precum mate-maticile.
Category: Social Science

[181] viXra:1712.0197 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:32:38

Florentin Smarandache Sau/și Întâiul Izvor al Paradoxismului

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 4 Pages.

Parcă vrând să fie în ton cu paradoxismul, să-l confirme chiar, modul de receptare a scriitorului matematician este ...paradoxal.
Category: Social Science

[180] viXra:1712.0196 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:34:01

Florentin Smarandache și Paradoxismul

Authors: Ion Rotaru
Comments: 13 Pages.

... el rămâne în istoria literaturii, cum am spus chiar de la început, prin aceea că este, vrem - nu vrem, "părintele" Paradoxismului.
Category: Social Science

[179] viXra:1712.0195 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:34:49

Florentin Smarandache, un Creator Polivalent

Authors: George Roca
Comments: 7 Pages.

Prof. univ. dr. Florentin Smarandache este un om al renaşterii. Dovadă e şi faptul că a publicat în foarte multe domenii: matematică (teoria numerelor, statistică, geometrie non-Euclidiană, structuri algebrice), computere (inteligenţă artificială, fuziunea informaţiei), fizică (fizica cuantică, fizica particulelor), economie (economie culturală, teoria poly-em-porium), filosofie (neutrosofia – o generalizare a dialecticii, logica neutrosofică – o generalizare a logicii fuzzy intuiţio-niste), literatură (poezie, proză, roman, eseuri, nuvele, drame, teatru pentru copii, folclor, traduceri), artă (desene expe-rimentale, colaje, pictură de avangardă).
Category: Social Science

[178] viXra:1712.0194 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:37:02

Florentin Smarandache un Poet cu Punctul Sub I

Authors: Florin Vasiliu
Comments: 28 Pages.

Semnatarul acestor rânduri se află confruntat cu două aserțiuni: Cine este F. Smarandache. A doua: Poetul nu are biografie.
Category: Social Science

[177] viXra:1712.0193 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:37:54

Florentin Smarandache – Văr cu Magellan și Columb

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 5 Pages.

Volumul „Legi de compoziţie internă”, Edition El Kitab, Fés, Maroc, 1982, 131p, de Florentin Smarandache propune un nou poet şi o nouă poezie.
Category: Social Science

[176] viXra:1712.0192 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:38:36

Formulele Pentru Spirit Ale Lui Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Adriana Elena Răducan
Comments: 7 Pages.

Am răsfoit pe îndelete „Formule pentru spirit”, o carte de poezii a poetului Florentin Smarandache. Viaţa de fiecare zi, prinsă într-o altă dimensiune, îmi apare ca o existenţă filosofică, filtrată prin fugara privire a celui care trăieşte cu patetism fiecare clipă.
Category: Social Science

[175] viXra:1712.0191 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:39:23

Formule Pentru Spirit

Authors: Constantin Matei
Comments: 2 Pages.

Ovidiu Florentin s-a afirmat la vârsta de douăzeci și cinci de ani ca un strălucit matematician, publicând merituoase studii și probleme în aproape toate revistele de prestigiu din țară. La vârsta de douăzeci și șase de ani scrie prima poezie.
Category: Social Science

[174] viXra:1712.0190 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:41:11

Formules Pour L'esprit

Authors: Jawad Ben Serghini
Comments: 3 Pages.

Formules pour l'esprit, sentiments pour l'âme, images pour l'imagination, est-elle une définition lus vivante et plus durable pour la poésie, et est-elle poésie plus immortelle que celle qui s’adresse à l’homme, à l’esprit, à l’imagination...
Category: Social Science

[173] viXra:1712.0189 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:41:52

Fotojurnal Paradoxist

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduţescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache a acreditat o specie literară paradoxistă şi sincretică: fotojurnalul instantaneu. Este vorba despre un discurs literar hipertextual cu elemente fotografice, reportericeşti, culturale şi ştiinţifice.
Category: Social Science

[172] viXra:1712.0188 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:42:38

Fotojurnalul Instantaneu, O Nouă Specie Literară Paradoxistă

Authors: Mircea Monu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Matematicianul şi scriitorul Florentin Smarandache, fondatorul Mişcării Literare Paradoxiste, oltean născut şi crescut în Bălceşti, judeţul Vâlcea, absolvent al liceului pedagogic (început în Craiova şi terminat în Râmnicu Vâlcea), şef de promoţie al Facultăţii de Matematică din Craiova, profesor cooperant la un liceu din oraşul Sefrou (Maroc, 1982-1984), emigrat ilegal în anul 1988 (fugit în Turcia, dintr-o excursie în Bulgaria), apoi emigrat legal din Turcia (unde a stat doi ani, 1988-1990, într-un lagăr de refugiaţi politic) în SUA, trăgându-se dintr-un strămoş venit în România din Grecia, are, zic eu, în sânge „microbul călătoriei” – a călătorit până acum în peste 40 de ţări din Lume (din toate cele cinci continente!), motiv pentru care am considerat că a devenit, ca un paradoxist ce este, „Frate cu meridianele şi paralelele” (acest supranume al său va deveni titlul unei serii de „note de călătorie”, care are, până acum, şase volume).
Category: Social Science

[171] viXra:1712.0187 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:43:29

Frați cu Fratele Meridianelor și Paralelelor

Authors: Marin Bulugea
Comments: 6 Pages.

În 19 iunie 2004, când l-am văzut pe Florentin Smarandache, fondatorul Mișcării Literare Paradoxiste, mă miram că-lvăd, că mai are ʺo țârăʺ și împlinește cercul 50 pe trunchiul vieții, mă mai minunam că paradoxistul are un nume predestinat, care strălucește într-un fas-cinant tărâm al matematicii, domeniu situat dincolo de perceperea mea, dar și în cel al poeziei și prozei -Florentin-Floare, Smarandache-Smarald - Floare de Smarald -, și că frăția sa cu meridianele și paralelele lumii îl ajută să fie, deja, un om universal.
Category: Social Science

[170] viXra:1712.0186 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:47:31

Funcția Smarandache

Authors: Gheorghe Tomozei
Comments: 7 Pages.

Prodigiosul poet și matematician Florentin Sma-randache e, încă, un necunoscut – efectiv ilustru – pentru cititorul român.
Category: Social Science

[169] viXra:1712.0185 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:50:32

Generozitatea Faţă de Confraţi se Cunoaşte După Fapte

Authors: Al. Florin Ţene
Comments: 3 Pages.

Zilele trecute am primit, printr-un intermediar, un volum antologic semnat de cunoscutul profesor univer-sitar din SUA, scriitorul paradoxist, Florentin Smaran-dache ( propus pentru Premiul Nobel ), originar de pe meleagurile vâlcene. Despre apariţa acestui volum aflasem de la autor, în urmă cu câteva luni, promiţându-mi că mi-l trimite cât de curând.
Category: Social Science

[168] viXra:1712.0184 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:51:16

Geometria Literelor

Authors: Marinela Preoteasa
Comments: 3 Pages.

Încă din 1979, odată cu poemul „Cifrele au început să vibreze”, publicat în “Năzuinţe”, nr. 26-27, 1980, pe cerul poeziei româneşti a răsărit o stea: Florentin Smarandache. De atunci, părintele paradoxismului îşi trădează sensibilitatea şi se lasă descoperit ca poet.
Category: Social Science

[167] viXra:1712.0183 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:52:25

Globtrotterul Smarandache ot Gallup

Authors: Eugen Evu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Jurnalul lui Florentin Smarandache, Cum am descoperit America, focalizat pe anii 1991-93, ne-a ajuns la lectură prin bunăvoința autorului, aflat acum în New Mexico.
Category: Social Science

[166] viXra:1712.0182 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:54:16

Imaginația Derutantă

Authors: Constantin Sorescu
Comments: 2 Pages.

În Formule pentru spirit (Ed. Litera), Ovidiu Florentin amestecă, sub titluri pompoase, imagini pregnante și imagini stridente. Separația e greu de făcut, deși senzația de inautentic e întemeiată.
Category: Social Science

[165] viXra:1712.0181 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:55:30

În Căutarea Timpului Viitor

Authors: Mirela Teodorescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache, autorul fotojurnalului instantaneu „Am ajuns în Rai”,* apărut în toamna anului 2015, este un distins profesor de matematici şi ştiinţe la Universitatea din New Mexico, SUA.
Category: Social Science

[164] viXra:1712.0180 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:56:19

Inchizitorul Angelic

Authors: Geo Vasile
Comments: 3 Pages.

Cel mai recent volum publicat de Florentin Smarandache cuprinde trei piese, ce se adaugă la masivul dosar al autorului - victimă și acuzator, deopotrivă - al totalitarismului: Formarea omului nou, O lume întoarsă pe dos, Patria de animale.
Category: Social Science

[163] viXra:1712.0179 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:57:01

India Magică

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 9 Pages.

Este de mirare pentru contemporanii noștri, și mai ales dacă sunt români, că tind la o specializare savantă într-un domeniu științific sau altul (vezi premiile Nobel) să mai aibă și preocupări... literare, când munca de cercetare le impune un program riguros de lucru, când timpul trebuie drămuit în permanență.
Category: Social Science

[162] viXra:1712.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:57:40

În Miezul Paradoxismului

Authors: Tudor Negoescu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Ultima apariție editorială a poetului Janet Nică, mentorul cenaclului literar Clepsidre, din Bechet, este, de această dată, o culegere de texte de critică literară (Făt-Frumox din lacrimă de paradox, Editura MJM, Craiova, 2004), comentarii făcute pe marginea câtorva dintre cărțile insolitului scriitor paradoxist Florentin Smaran-dache.
Category: Social Science

[161] viXra:1712.0177 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 00:58:47

Însemnare a Călatoriei Mele, Florentin Smarandache Din Bălceşti

Authors: Tudor Negoescu
Comments: 5 Pages.

După ce şi-a “irosit atâţia ani” în domeniul pur teoretic al matematicii - cum mărturiseşte undeva, mai mult în glumă, bănuim-, Florentin Smarandache a devenit un autor “pragmatic”, adaptându-se “cerinţelor practice americane”.
Category: Social Science

[160] viXra:1712.0176 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:01:42

Întâmpinare

Authors: Cezar Ivănescu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Îl cunosc de mai bine de un deceniu și îi cunosc și cărțile sale, în manuscris sau publicate, și cred că această nouă carte, “Emigrant la infinit”, versuri americane, consolidează o operă literară și un destin.
Category: Social Science

[159] viXra:1712.0175 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:02:26

Întreabă-Mă, Să te întreb

Authors: Ion Radu Zăgreanu
Comments: 4 Pages.

La Editura „Macarie” din Târgoviște a fost publicată a patra carte a scriitorului Florentin Smaran-dache, Întreabă-mă, să te întreb, ea fiind precedată de Exist împotriva mea – versuri (1994), Emigrant la nesfârșit – versuri americane (1996) și Interviuri cu Florentin Smarandache (1998), autori Veronica Balaj și Mihail I. Vlad.
Category: Social Science

[158] viXra:1712.0174 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:03:13

Între Patru Ochi

Authors: Liviu-Florian Jianu
Comments: 25 Pages.

O mie de cuvinte despre o carte nu te pot învăța mai multe despre ea, decât o face cartea însăși.
Category: Social Science

[157] viXra:1712.0173 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:04:01

Jurnal de Lectură

Authors: Valentin Dascălu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Janet Nică, el însuși poet experimental, publică o "monografieʺ despre controversatul matematician româ-no-american Florentin Smarandache. Ieșind din rând, cum se pronunța un nou matematician craiovean, Cezar Avramescu, Florentin Smarandache a lansat un nou curent literar, paradoxismul.
Category: Social Science

[156] viXra:1712.0172 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:04:57

Jurnal liric

Authors: George Mirea
Comments: 3 Pages.

În aceste prepoeme, autorul cunoscut/ contro-versat pentru ”cutezanța” sa de a impune o nouă formă/doctrină de exprimare poetică/artistică/literară – paradoxismul – (vezi Ion Soare, Un scriitor al paradoxurilor: Florentin Smarandache, monografie, 1994 și, de același autor, Paradoxism și modernism, eseu, 2000) ni se prezintă calm, sub aspect doctrinar, mlădios și profund, aluziv și rafinat, total lipsit de stridențe.
Category: Social Science

[155] viXra:1712.0171 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:06:28

Парадоксы духа

Authors: Nikolae Rusu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Общеизвестно, что изучение народного творчества имеет важное значение для увековечения во времени ценностей всего народа. Этой мысли придерживались, естественно, и в советские времена специалисты, занимавшиеся фольклористикой на территории между Днестром и Прутом.
Category: Social Science

[154] viXra:1712.0170 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:07:20

La Tradition du Paradoxisme

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 10 Pages.

Qui sont les paradoxistes? Des écrivains irrévérentieux au regard de la tradition littéraire, du turbulents initiateurs d’ un nouveau credo poétique? Des rebelles décidés à dénoncer les conventions du monde contemporain?
Category: Social Science

[153] viXra:1712.0169 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:08:06

Le Paradoxysme

Authors: Paul Courget
Comments: 2 Pages.

Avec son livre qui est à la fois rappel d’un manifeste, élaboration démonstrative, plaidoyer, essais de définition et propositions d’exemples types, le turbulent écrivain et poète Roumain Florentin Smaran-dache, nous met en mesure (à nous de juger !), non pas d’adhérer car il s’agit là d’une thèse au demeurant assez ésotérique, mais d’essayer de comprendre tous les mystères, parfois apparemment contradictoires, du Mouvement paradoxyste.
Category: Social Science

[152] viXra:1712.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:09:24

Les Mecanismes du Paradoxisme

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 3 Pages.

Il faut dire, dès le début, que le paradoxisme ne se résume pas à une attitude ludique, bien que le jeu représente la formule magique du passage “du règne de la nécessité à celui de la liberté” (1).
Category: Social Science

[151] viXra:1712.0167 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:10:11

Les Roumains, Seraient-Ils Tous Des Ionesco ?

Authors: Driss Elm-Houar
Comments: 2 Pages.

Je viens de faire la connaisance d’un professeur de mathématiques roumain dont la formation et la culture sont d’autant plus impressionnantes qu’il est encore très jeune... Florentin est déjà mon ami et je dois dire que pour la deuxième fois - car j’ai déjà eu l’occaision de connaître Petre, un immigré roumain à Bruxelles – je suis tout simplement étonné.
Category: Social Science

[150] viXra:1712.0166 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:25:54

Libertatea S-a Născut la Mahala

Authors: Tudor Negoescu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Recunosc, din ipostaza ipocritului lector, că, descoperind în mirificul spaţiu virtual al Internetului “Cântece de mahala”, ale lui Florentin Smarandache, mi-am şoptit în barbă: “ Ce-ar mai putea aduce nou în poezia mahalalei acest autor, când, în trecut, ne-au încântat cu artisticele lor producţii un Garcia Lorca, un Miron Radu Paraschivescu? Vom trăi şi vom vedea sau, în pur spirit paradoxist, vom muri şi vom vedea!”
Category: Social Science

[149] viXra:1712.0165 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:26:42

Literatura Avizată de Spații științifice

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 7 Pages.

Un spirit iconoclast, în România ca și în Statele Unite ale Americii, al cărui cetățean a devenit, se numește de acum legal Florentin Smarandache (căcă înainte de 1989, a publicat versuri cu pseudonim, în țară și în Maroc)!
Category: Social Science

[148] viXra:1712.0164 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:27:45

Literatura Paradoxistă Increată de Smarandache

Authors: Mircea Marinescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Smarandache, cât a locuit în casa aceea din Phoenix,părea timid, ruşinos, şi sta în camera lui citind ori scriind într-un carnet.
Category: Social Science

[147] viXra:1712.0163 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:28:29

Lumea într-un Vers

Authors: Ovidiu Ghidirmic
Comments: 25 Pages.

Emigrat în Statele Unite ale Americii – după multe peripeții și după aproape doi ani petrecuți în lagărul de azilanți din Turcia – pentru a scăpa de teroarea tota-litarismului comunist, printr-o mare voință de afirmare și de creație, care este marca oricărui destin de excepție, românul Florentin Smarandache – aparținând, astăzi, generației de mijloc – a ajuns, într-un timp record, în numai câțiva ani, câți s-a scurs din 1990 încoace, un nume de mare notorietate, în literatura și știința mondială. Rareori, istoria literaturii și a științei a mai înregistrat un atât de fulgerător și de senzațional succes.
Category: Social Science

[146] viXra:1712.0162 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:29:15

Malagambe și Argotice

Authors: Alexandru Sfârlea
Comments: 2 Pages.

Aceste Cântece de mahala ale „tartorelui” para-doxismului (i-aș zice smarandachism!) apărute (tot) la Casa de presă și editură „Anotimp” și Ed. Abaddaba, Oradea, 2000, se compune (pe din două), din „malagambe” și „argotice”.
Category: Social Science

[145] viXra:1712.0161 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:30:06

Marginalii la Scrieri Defecte

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Tipul de "lector in fabula", definit de Umberto Eco, presupune descifrarea unui text literar nu numai prin grila de receptare, ci şi prin cea de emitere, de formulare a codului unui enunţ.
Category: Social Science

[144] viXra:1712.0160 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:33:01

Mecanismele Paradoxului

Authors: Constantin M. Popa
Comments: 5 Pages.

Trebuie spus,de la început,că paradoxismul nu se subsumează unei atitudini ludice,deși jocul reprezintă formula magică a trecerii "din regnul necesității în cel al libertății".
Category: Social Science

[143] viXra:1712.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-07 01:33:41

Meridiane şi Paralele: Nimic în Plus, Nimic în Minus

Authors: Mirela Teodorescu
Comments: 10 Pages.

Frate cu meridianele şi paralelele (vol. IX) de Florentin Smarandache este o carte de însemnări şi fotografii din excursii şi călătorii cu scop ştiinţific întreprinse de autor în Statele Unite ale Americii din toamna anului 2014 până în vara anului 2015.
Category: Social Science

[142] viXra:1712.0158 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 07:08:18

Novel Molecular-Kinetic Mechanism of Separation of Internal Energy of Gas in the Gravitational Field.

Authors: V.S. Vasilenko, A.I. Tsabevska, A.A. Malgota
Comments: 8 Pages. 8p. Russian

For the first time it was shown that in the thermally isolated vessel, filled by ideal gas with an identical on volume temperature, and placed in the gravitational field took place a separation of internal energy of gas. A vertical gradient of temperature appeared due to molecular-kinetic motion of gas in the gravitational field - without participation macroscopic moving of gas volume with adiabatic expansion/compression. This phenomenon allows to construct perpetual motor of the second kind. It, in turn, gives an opportunity to assert that the processes are possible in non-equilibrium stationary thermodynamics close system, attended with reduction of entropy and impedimental to thermal death of Universe.
Category: Classical Physics

[141] viXra:1712.0157 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:05:29

Strong Light-Matter Interaction

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16] Now a team of Penn State electrical engineers have a way to simultaneously control diverse optical properties of dielectric waveguides by using a two-layer coating, each layer with a near zero thickness and weight. [15] Just like in normal road traffic, crossings are indispensable in optical signal processing. In order to avoid collisions, a clear traffic rule is required. A new method has now been developed at TU Wien to provide such a rule for light signals. [14]
Category: Quantum Physics

[140] viXra:1712.0156 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:28:13

10 Excited Electrons by Torrebotana Central Line: Tete Vic Equation.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 15 Pages.

This is 10th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Electron excited states are born referenced to central line denominated Torrebotana with origin always in the first Origin Electronic System (OES) of all atom: 1s [6,9]. This central line that defines energies and charges (z) for central excited states is given by Tete-Vic equation. Excited states are directed towards Torrebotana Central Line approaching when n and l of destination excited state increase. Fist, Torrebotana Central Line application is centred in Beryllium case for which excited state energy is approaching Torrebotana as indicated above. Subsequently, other atoms are studied to corroborate what is seen in Be case and to discover trends in terms of Atomic Number (Z) that serve to open new research lines
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[139] viXra:1712.0155 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:32:27

Excited Electrons: Lan Plains for Tete Vic Equation.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 17 Pages.

This is 11th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Torrebotana Central Energetic Line (EJ) [1] supplies energetic values for electron excited states very close to reference [2]. Excited states are grouped into curves that are destiny function, and consequently orbital quantum number plays major role, and attraction towards Torrebotana Central Energetic Line is greater when orbital quantum number increases (s<p<d) [1]. LAN factor is included in Tete-Vic Equation to give circulation to different routes divided by destination reason. Analogy is as follows: 1s Original electronic system (1s OES) creates main ideal line (Torrebotana Central Energetic Line) considering Born electronic system (BES) and simultaneously draws Serelles Secondary Lines in which energy of excited states runs according to destiny (within destiny has special importance orbital quantum number as indicated before, as well as J or Term). LAN plain is jump to Serelles Secondary Line with jumps in which LAN is practically constant throughout Serelles Secondary Line since LAN has small variation with energy. 1s22s as non-excited or initial state and 1s2ns as excited or final state are selected to show such LAN behaviour.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[138] viXra:1712.0153 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:39:55

13 Relation of Fly Piep de Garberí: LAN-1 and Ionization Energy.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 20 Pages.

This is 13th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Electon excited states arise around Torrebotana Central Line [1] by Tete-Vic equation which is attached in P47. Serelles Secondary Lines are originated from Torrebotana Central Line by LAN inclusion. Attraction towards Torrebotana Central Line is accentuated as n and l are increased [1,3]. Relation of Flui Piep de Garberí states linear behaviour between inverse of factor seen in Serelles Secondary Line, i.e. LAN, and zs (Start charge according to P46 non-excited electronic extreme charge). This relation is Z function (atomicity relation) and is connected to P44 Necessary NIN relationships [5] because includes LAN: charge and energy of BES and 1s OES. Ionization energy (IE) of higher atomic number is estimated from Relation of Flui Piep de Garberí and estimate deviation is grouped according to electron configuration.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[137] viXra:1712.0152 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:43:07

14 Excited Electron: Relation of Silva de Peral & Alameda: Lan Interatomicity with Energetic Relation.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 17 Pages.

This is 14th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda refers to excited states and provides linearity between specific energy relationship and LAN of Serelles Secondary Line [2,4] that allows creation of said secondary line obtained from Torrebotana Central Line [1]. Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda differs from previous relations of Riquelme de Gozy and Flui Piep de Garberí. Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda refers to one single excited state and to all atoms. Following case is treated in introductory way of this Relation: jump from 1s2 to 1sns (isoelectronics with He).
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[136] viXra:1712.0151 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:46:54

15 Excited Electron: Relation of Silva de Peral & Alameda II: Jump from ns to Ns.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 16 Pages.

Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA) is introduced in [5] and refers to excited states and provides linearity between specific energy relationship and LAN of Serelles Secondary Line [2,4] that allows creation of said secondary line obtained from Torrebotana Central Line [1]. SPA in jump 1s2→1sns with Term=3S and J=1 (isoelectronics with He) is treated in [5] and is now pursued with different jump and with higher non-excited or start n: nss→ns (with ns(start n)>1) Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda refers to one single excited state and to all atoms. Silpovgar relation is theory that searchs jump globalization [5] and is applied to nss→ns with enlargement dedicated to different isoelectronic series that present same jump.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[135] viXra:1712.0149 [pdf] replaced on 2018-03-29 08:35:17

On the General Solution to the Bratu and Generalized Bratu Equations

Authors: L. H. Koudahoun, J. Akande, D.K.K. Adjaï, Y.J.F. Kpomahou, M. Nonti, M. D. Monsia
Comments: 8 pages

This work shows that the Bratu equation belongs to a general class of Liénard-type equations for which the general solution may be exactly and explicitly computed within the framework of the generalized Sundman transformation. In this perspective the exact solution of the Bratu nonlinear two-point boundary value problem as well as of some well-known Bratu-type problems have been determined.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[134] viXra:1712.0148 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:54:40

17 Excited Electron: Spa IV: Silpovgar IV with Piepflui. Excess Relativistic: Influence in Lan and Spa

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 27 Pages.

This is 17th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA) is studied in [5,7] and refers to excited states and provides linearity between specific energy relationship and LAN of Serelles Secondary Line [2,4] that allows creation of said secondary line obtained from Torrebotana Central Line [1]. [6] and [7] are first and second and this is third and last of three articles that make up a unit. First part of this article concludes Silpovgar study on nss→ns with Mc Flui transform for Silpovgar III and part two of Silpovgar I. Second part is centred on other jumps behaviour that lead to confluence of Silpovgar IV. Third part closes with 5) Other electronic jumps and emphasizes in Silpovgar IV: on the one hand at X→np jump location and on the other with Piepflui or Constant spacing. Finally, 1s2→1sns (Term=1S and J=0) brings two main points: Primitive energetic correlation of Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA PEC) and First application of Relativistic effects.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[133] viXra:1712.0147 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 09:57:44

18 Excited Electron: Feliz Theory of eo Vision Relativistic II: Influence in Riquelme de Gozy

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 20 Pages.

This is 18th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). First application of Relativistic effects is made with Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda in 1s2→1sns (Term=1S and J=0) where initial relativity postulates (from P61 to P64) are established [8]. This second part seeks to corroborate excess relativistic role in ideality deviation of Riquelme de Gozy whereas Relativistic effect has been seen with Relation of Silva de Peral y Alameda in [8].
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[132] viXra:1712.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:00:23

19 Excited Electron: Pepliz Lan Empire I: LANn→∞ Vs. Lan(p50)

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 15 Pages.

This is 19th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). LAN allows creation of Serelles Secondary Line from Torrebotana Central Line [1,2]. Different relations have LAN role as common link: Riquelme de Gozy (RG) [2] [3] and [9], Flui Piep de Garberí (FPG) [4] and Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA) [5,8]. This article works preferably wit RG relation. First part is dedicated to linearity between LANn→∞ and LAN(P050) in RG representation, as well as asymptotic tendency to its corresponding limits as ns is increased. Second part serves as introduction to Pepliz LAN empire as region of first quadrant in LAN(P65) vs. LAN(P50) representation that is subdivided into zones. Electron jumps are located in one or other zones depending on jump type. External and internal limits of Pepliz LAN empire are postulated.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[131] viXra:1712.0145 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:04:30

20 Excited Electron: Pepliz Lan Empire II: LANn→∞ Vs. Lan(p50)

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 30 Pages.

This is 20th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). LAN allows creation of Serelles Secondary Line from Torrebotana Central Line [1,2]. Different relations have LAN role as common link: Riquelme de Gozy (RG) [2] [3] and [9], Flui Piep de Garberí (FPG) [4] and Silva de Peral y Alameda (SPA) [5,8]. Pepliz LAN empire is LANn→∞ or LAN(P65) vs. LAN(P050) in RG relation as has been introduced in first part of Pepliz LAN empire [10]. This article has following main axes: 1) Deepen nsp^x→nsp^(x-1)ns that occupies empire zone between P69 and P72 limits 2) LAN amplitude: concept, behaviour and implications 3) Ionization energy obtained by Gozy method (IE Gozy method) 4) Annex or expansion with other empire zones and representation based on P69
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[130] viXra:1712.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:07:33

21 Electron Probability: Pub Cpep I (Probability Union Between Cpep) Necessary Nin Relationships

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 22 Pages.

This is 21st article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).In [9], P44 Necessary NIN Relationships is introduced with CPOTI-AL division as line to be deepened and implies that Electronic Systems values [6-8] follows trends along nuclear charge. This article is the first part for PUB CPEP treatment and considers CPEP breakdown whose Advance presents atomicity and sensitivity to IE variations (P75) From P76 to P78 is the section dedicated to CPEP of different BES that, considered correlatively, form groups and linear trends.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[129] viXra:1712.0143 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:17:31

22 Electron Probability: PUB CPEP II in "Flui BAR" (Flui (BES A (Global Advance) Region)

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 22 Pages.

This is 22nd article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). P44 Necessary NIN Relationships is introduced with CPOTI-AL division as a line to be deepened and implies that Electronic Systems values [6-8] follows trends along nuclear charge [09]. [10] is the first part for PUB CPEP treatment and considers CPEP breakdown whose Advance presents atomicity and sensitivity to IE variations (P75). Second part in PUB CPEP presents two main lines related to NIN: * P79 establishes simple arithmetic equations between CPEP and elements related (CPEP-i, A and Ai) * P80 (A)→0 stays in Flui BAR where electron configurations reach Global Advance equal to 0 at specific Z intervals
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[128] viXra:1712.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:20:30

23 Orbital Capacity by Advancement of Numbers Electron Probability: Pub Cpep III: "Flui BAR" II and Cpep-I

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 20 Pages.

This is 23rd article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).First part is centred on orbital capacity where advancement of numbers must be accomplished; simple trend that also allows predicting electrons can fit into future orbitals. Advancement of numbers is with orbitals present in each period and also in consecutive order [11] where all lower n orbitals are filled before proceeding with upper n. Base structure of electron with two electronic extremes governed by Victoria equation is right-angle triangle whose three sides are: Hi, ci and ri [1,2]. This geometric figure also appears in advancement of numbers because orbital capacity is conditioned by triangular number that can be recomposed in equilateral triangle an in turn in two equal right triangles. Already in field dedicated to NIN concept into electronic extremes [1,9], following parts conclude PUB CPEP introduction [10] and [11] with Flui BAR extension to find connection between different principal quantum numbers and first contact with CPEP-i and its corresponding Individual Advance (Ai).
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[127] viXra:1712.0141 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:23:19

24 Electron Probability: 1s Electron Birth: the Last Diligence to Poti Rock & Snow Hill Victoria

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 20 Pages.

This is last article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).CPOTI-AL-d→∞ evolution with Z is carried out in this article where CPOTIAL-d→∞ is CPOTI anular limit when d→∞ and Z is atomic number. ain axis is CPOTI-ALd→∞ for 1s electron and relativistic relation existence that can justify its behaviour. Two final acts present so-called matter surprise and relation of remaining OES with initial OES for all: 1s OES. OES (origin electronic system) are all ns electrons and origin of all is 1s [1,12]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[126] viXra:1712.0140 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 10:51:29

On Fermat's Last Theorem. Revised.

Authors: Richard Wayte
Comments: 8 Pages.

A solution of Fermat’s Last Theorem is given, using elementary function arithmetic and inference from worked examples.
Category: Algebra

[125] viXra:1712.0139 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-03 05:31:20

A Proof of the Falsity of the Axiom of Choice.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 1 Page.

We show that the axiom of choice is false.
Category: Set Theory and Logic

[124] viXra:1712.0138 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 14:07:08

Topological Clustering as a Method of Control for Certain Critical-Point Sensitive Systems

Authors: Martin J. Dudziiak
Comments: 6 Pages. submitted to CoDIT 2018 (Thessaloniki, Greece, April 2018)

New methods can provide more sensitive modeling and more reliable control, through use of dynamically-alterable local neighborhood clusters comprised of of the state-space parameters most disposed to be influential in non-linear systemic changes. Particular attention is directed to systems with extreme non-linearity and uncertainty in measurement and in control communications (e.g., micro-scalar, remote and inaccessible to real-time control). An architecture for modeling based upon topological similarity mapping principles is introduced as an alternative to classical Turing machine models including new “quantum computers.”
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[123] viXra:1712.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 14:10:05

Neoplexus – Developing a Heterogeneous Computer Architecture Suitable for Extreme Complex Systems

Authors: M. J. Dudziak, M. Tsepeleva
Comments: 6 Pages. submitted to CoDIT 2018 *Theassaloniki, Greece, April, 2018)

NeoPlexus is a newly established permanent program of international collaborative scientific research and application development. It is focused upon the design, construction and application of a new architecture and family of computing machines that are adept at solving problems of control involving extreme complex systems (XCS) for which conventional numerical computing methods and machines are fundamentally inadequate. The GCM involves a different foundation of computing from classical Turing Machines including qubit-based quantum computers and it incorporates geometrical and specifically topological dynamics. The target for implementation is to construct molecular-scale platform using protein-polymer conjugates and MEMS-type microfluidics.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[122] viXra:1712.0136 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 14:22:18

Quantum Processes in Physical and Biological Systems

Authors: Martin Dudziak
Comments: 250 Pages.

PhD thesis, 1993
Category: Quantum Physics

[121] viXra:1712.0135 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-29 10:30:25

Beal's Conjecture as Univariate Polynomial Identity Derived from Algebraic Expansion of Powers of Binomials: Analysis and Proof

Authors: Kamal Barghout
Comments: 17 Pages. Copy right-ask permission before use

The general equation of Beal’s conjecture + = , at points where its variables are numerically equal, is identified as a univariate polynomial identity derived from algebraic expansion of powers of binomials which upon expansion and reduction to two terms produces + ≡ , where the general polynomial equation has integer solution at the intersection with the line − = 0 as a special case and satisfies Beal’s condition of perfect power terms; , , , are positive integers, > 2 and + = . This algebraic identity can be represented by the addition of two vectors in the vector space of the set of all polynomials in the form () = for ∈ ℚ as a subspace of the infinite vector space over ℚ of all polynomials with basis 1, , 2 , … with the ordinary addition of polynomials and multiplication by a scalar from ℚ, where is particular to any solution to the equation. Here we look for elements in the ℚ field where the rational number can be converted to a number in exponential form that successfully combines with the basis-element to produce perfect power terms. Accordingly, it is shown that all three monomials of the identity equation numerically produce terms of perfect powers by following the rules of exponentiation which produces integer solutions to Beal’s general equation and can be obtained by expanding the corresponding binomial identity.
Category: Number Theory

[120] viXra:1712.0134 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 18:26:23

Emergence of the Laws of Nature in the Developing Universe 1a

Authors: Evgeny A Novikov
Comments: 11 Pages.

Evolution of our universe with continuous production of matter by the vacuum, is described. The analysis is based on the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger), supported by the cosmic data without fitting. Various types of matter are selected by the vacuum in accordance with stability of the developing universe. All laws of nature are emergent and approximate, including the conservation of energy. The (3+1)-dimensional space-time and gravity were selected first. Than came quantum condensate of gravitons (dark matter). Photons and other ordinary matter were selected much later during formation of galaxies, when the background condensate becomes gravitationally unstable. The effect of radiation on the global dynamics is described in terms of conservation of the enthalpy density. Mass of neutrino (as the first massive fermionic particle) is estimated, in accord with experimental bound. The electric dipole moment of neutrino is also estimated. The oscillations of neutrinos are explained in terms of interaction with background condensate. The phenomena of subjective experiences are also explained in terms of interaction of the action potentials of neurons with the background dipolar condensate, which opens a new window into the dark sector of matter. The Qmoger theory goes beyond the Standard Model and the Quantum Field Theory, but can be combined with their achievements. Key words: quantum modification of general relativity, emergence of the laws of nature, isenthalpic universe, oscillating neutrinos, subjective experiences and dark sector of matter.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[119] viXra:1712.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 19:25:11

Proton/electron Mass Ratio and Gravitational Constant Due to Special Relativity

Authors: Preston Guynn
Comments: 7 Pages.

Since relativistic length contraction occurs only in the direction of motion and not in the transverse direction, rotation results in an effect known as Thomas precession. Thomas precession acts as a counter rotation. Because precession increases non-linearly according to the Lorentz factor, rotation minus precession has a maximum value. The maximum value of rotation velocity minus precession velocity is termed the maximum difference velocity and is designated vm. We showed in previous work that this is the physical basis of charge structure, electromagnetic effects, and the fine structure constant. In this report the proton/electron mass ratio is formulated in terms of vm, the speed of light, and the electron mass. The proton mass calculated using the formula is well within the standard uncertainty of the CODATA value. The gravitational constant is formulated similarly, and the calculated result is well within the standard uncertainty of the CODATA value. These results build on the framework established in our previous reports.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[118] viXra:1712.0131 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 01:33:15

Sketching 'trinions' and 'heptanions'

Authors: Kohji Suzuki
Comments: 9 Pages.

Attempting to abstract exterior derivative and Hodge star operator, we discuss two number systems sketchily.
Category: General Mathematics

[117] viXra:1712.0130 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 03:12:10

Standing Wave and Reference Frame

Authors: Eric Su
Comments: 4 Pages.

A standing wave consists of two identical waves moving in opposite direction. In a moving reference frame, this standing wave becomes a traveling wave. Based on the principle of superposition, the wavelengths of these two opposing waves are shown to be identical in any inertial reference frame. According to Doppler Effect, a moving wave detector will detect two different frequencies on these two waves. Consequently, the wave detector will detect different speeds from both waves due to the same wavelength but different frequencies. The calculation of the speed of the microwave in the standing wave is demonstrated with the typical household microwave oven which emits microwave of frequency range around 2.45 GHz and wavelength range around 12.2 cm.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[116] viXra:1712.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 03:30:55

Quantum Entanglement in Biological System

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Quantum Physics

[115] viXra:1712.0128 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-06 04:00:27

Basics of Astrophysics Revisited. III Supercritical Sun Idea.

Authors: Edgars Alksnis
Comments: 1 Page.

Supercritical state of solar matter might overcome some remaining difficulties of liquid Sun concept.
Category: Astrophysics

[114] viXra:1712.0127 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 07:59:31

New Candidate for Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] " We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit. " [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22] They're looking for dark matter—the stuff that theoretically makes up a quarter of our universe. [21] Results from its first run indicate that XENON1T is the most sensitive dark matter detector on Earth. [20] Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) in Germany have now come up with a new theory on how dark matter may have been formed shortly after the origin of the universe. [19] Map of dark matter made from gravitational lensing measurements of 26 million galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey. [18] CfA astronomers Annalisa Pillepich and Lars Hernquist and their colleagues compared gravitationally distorted Hubble images of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 and two other clusters with the results of computer simulations of dark matter haloes. [17] In a paper published July 20 in the journal Physical Review Letters, an international team of cosmologists uses data from the intergalactic medium— the vast, largely empty space between galaxies—to narrow down what dark matter could be. [16]
Category: Astrophysics

[113] viXra:1712.0126 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-10 20:20:02

Problems in Contemporary Physics

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 10 Pages.

Abstract: Contemporary physics has many unsolved problems. Most of them are due to inadequacy of theories or illogical application of one theory to seemingly similar problem elsewhere. An alternative concept, presented in book ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’ proposes to provide logical explanations to all these apparent problems. In this article, author proposes to present short notes and pointers to detailed explanations in the book. All explanations are based on a single assumption that ‘Substance is fundamental and matter alone provides substance to all real entities’. There are neither imaginary particles nor mysterious actions nor actions at a distance through empty space in this concept. Cause and effect relations are followed in all topics.
Category: Classical Physics

[112] viXra:1712.0125 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 09:31:43

A Simultaneous Interpretation of Existing Data on Non-Ideality of Gases and Solutions; Simple Equations of State Without Empirical Concepts and Parameters; Langmuir Isotherm for Three Dimensions (Dedicated to the Memory of J.H. Van’t Hoff)

Authors: Raji Heyrovska
Comments: 46 Pages. This fundamental paper in 1984, was approved by the Editor but not by the referee. Eventually published elsewhere: Complete list in: http://vixra.org/abs/1603.0133

Existing data on the actual pressure, volume, temperature (for gases) and osmotic pressure, molar volume, temperature (for solutions) are described by simple analogous equations of state, valid for low as well as high concentrations. Deviations from ideality are ascribed to a) the volume of gas molecules, b) solvation and c) molecular and ionic association and dissociation as a result of intermolecular and interionic forces.Other main findings supporting the above conclusions are 1) a simple quantitative relation between equivalent conductivity, degree of dissociation and osmotic pressure, 2) linear dependence of the product of concentration and the coefficients of diffusion and viscosity on the osmotic pressure, 3) linear dependence of the e.m.f. of concentration cells on the logarithm of osmotic pressure, with the slope depending on solvent polarization and 4) quantitative fit of the Langmuir isotherm for occupation of space. As a consequence of the above, representation of non-ideality by activity and fugacity coefficients is not necessary. (This was originally submitted to Coll.Czechsl.Chem.Communs. in 1984, see comments.)
Category: Chemistry

[111] viXra:1712.0124 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 10:39:09

Solitonic Model of the Electron, Proton and Neutron

Authors: Pavel Sladkov
Comments: 26 Pages.

In paper, which is submitted, electron, proton and neutron are considered as spherical areas, inside which monochromatic electromagnetic wave of corresponding frequency spread along parallels, at that along each parallel exactly half of wave length for electron and proton and exactly one wave length for neutron is kept within, thus this is rotating soliton. This is caused by presence of spatial dispersion and anisotropy of strictly defined type inside the particles. Electric field has only radial component, and magnetic field - only meridional component. By solution of corresponding edge task, functions of distribution of electromagnetic field inside the particles and on their boundary surfaces were obtained. Integration of distribution functions of electromagnetic field through volume of the particles lead to system of algebraic equations, solution of which give all basic parameters of particles: charge, rest energy, mass, radius, magnetic moment and spin.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[110] viXra:1712.0123 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-09 08:01:02

Complete Solutions to Quadratics with a TI-83 Plus

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 8 Pages. This draft adds screen captures.

Code is given for complete, exact solutions of quadratic polynomials using the TI-83 family of calculators.
Category: General Mathematics

[109] viXra:1712.0122 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 11:17:24

The Massless Axion-Higgs Vacuum Rigid String Particle, Even in Micro and Macro Dark Matter Black Hole Nuclei.

Authors: Leo Vuyk
Comments: 36 Pages.

The Massless Axion-Higgs Vacuum Rigid String particle, is the transformer into all other particles and even concentrated in Micro and Macro Dark Matter Black Hole Nuclei. Quantum FFF Theory is basically a classical theory based on transformable rigid string based building blocks of a raspberry shaped clockwork multiverse, however these building blocks are all instantly guided by long distance entanglement between CP symmetric copy universal bubbles. As a consequence Quantum FFF Theory should be called a semi classical theory, Those particles are supposed to be based on only one original transformable ring shaped massless virgin particle called the Axion/Higgs vacuum and black hole particle assumed to be the product of the symmetric cyclic cold big bang black hole nucleus as the creator of only one symmetrical raspberry shaped multiverse equipped with an even number of material and anti material universal bubbles. The sheer simplicity of such a system is perhaps the reason that I could not find comparable proposals for theories of everything.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[108] viXra:1712.0121 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 08:35:04

芝诺悖论隐藏的数学危机

Authors: Liu Ran
Comments: 3 Pages.

芝诺悖论的前提假设,抽象模型不一致导致的混乱。
Category: General Mathematics

[107] viXra:1712.0119 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 09:41:11

The Laws of Sociodynamics

Authors: Arsen A. Movsesyan
Comments: 6 Pages.

The purpose of this article is to tell briefly about the newly discovered fundamental Laws of Sociodynamics, which are the driving force of the evolution of society and the determining factor of the world historic process. Based on the principle of symmetry of the Laws of Nature the relationship between the Laws of Thermodynamics and Sociodynamics is shown, due to which the Fifth Law of Thermodynamics has been formulated. In doing so the objectivity of the concept of «spirituality» has been substantiated. The article is of an interdisciplinary nature at the junction of Sociodynamics and Thermodynamics.
Category: Social Science

[106] viXra:1712.0118 [pdf] replaced on 2018-06-02 07:01:07

Lorentz Symmetry from Multifractal Scaling

Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 13 Pages.

We show that relativistic invariance is encoded in the multifractal structure of the Standard Model near the electroweak scale. The approximate scale invariance of this structure accounts for the flavor hierarchy and chiral symmetry breaking in the electroweak sector. Surprisingly, it also accounts for breaking of conformal symmetry in General Relativity and the emergence of a non-vanishing cosmological constant.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[105] viXra:1712.0117 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 10:56:12

Photon Upconversion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

This achievement is considered as an important landmark for the realization of practical application of photon upconversion technology. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18] This is an important clue for our theoretical understanding of optically controlled magnetic data storage media. [17] A crystalline material that changes shape in response to light could form the heart of novel light-activated devices. [16] Now a team of Penn State electrical engineers have a way to simultaneously control diverse optical properties of dielectric waveguides by using a two-layer coating, each layer with a near zero thickness and weight. [15] Just like in normal road traffic, crossings are indispensable in optical signal processing. In order to avoid collisions, a clear traffic rule is required. A new method has now been developed at TU Wien to provide such a rule for light signals. [14] Researchers have developed a way to use commercial inkjet printers and readily available ink to print hidden images that are only visible when illuminated with appropriately polarized waves in the terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum. [13]
Category: Quantum Physics

[104] viXra:1712.0116 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 11:40:08

Light as a Matter Wave? A Simple Mathematical Examination of Two Proposed Concepts

Authors: Raymond HV Gallucci
Comments: 4 Pages.

At least three authors have proposed the concept of light as a traveling series of ‘matter waves.’ Such a concept does not require an ‘aether’ medium as does the more prevalent concept of light, if behaving as a wave, doing so analogous to other types of ‘disturbance waves,” such as sound or water. One author’s concept is examined mathematically for plausibility and, when found to be so, extended qualitatively to incorporate that of the other authors’ to at least what is hoped may be viewed as a reasonable extent.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[103] viXra:1712.0115 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-25 18:37:13

Spacetime Conversion into Matter

Authors: Gary Heen
Comments: 7 Pages.

The model put forth in this paper presupposes that spacetime is not a mathematical abstraction but has a basis in physical reality with matter and spacetime being convertible states of the same theoretical quantum particle. This postulated quantum particle is composed of D-branes and Type I strings and the nomenclature for this brane/string complex is the B-string.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[102] viXra:1712.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 19:33:31

There is a Gravitational Plane Wave Pulse Incident on a Finite Mass Where Conservation of Energy and Momentum Does not Hold

Authors: Karl De Paepe
Comments: 3 Pages.

We present an example of a gravitational plane wave pulse incident on a finite mass where conservation of energy and momentum does not hold.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[101] viXra:1712.0113 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 21:50:14

Multiplicative Versions of Infinitesimal Calculus

Authors: D Williams
Comments: 8 Pages.

An overview of some types of multiplicative infinitesimal calculi is given. Analogs of standard results ("Simpson's" Product, "Maclurin's" Product, fundamental theorems, etc) are shown. An area that deserves more attention.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[100] viXra:1712.0112 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 21:54:44

Do Birds Flow? Using Dimensional Analysis to Model Bird Dynamics

Authors: D Williams
Comments: 3 Pages.

Ecological analogs of Reynolds Number and other dimensionless numbers are used to "derive" an alternative version of the Wilson-MacArthur Species-Area Law. A crude attempt is made to verify such in the field from observations.
Category: Physics of Biology

[99] viXra:1712.0111 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 21:59:05

Betting on a Tossed Fair Coin - Some Unexpected Results

Authors: D Williams
Comments: 8 Pages.

Some examples are given of very counterintuitive results from betting on a tossed fair coin. Various betting schemes are examined and a preliminary partial classification scheme produced. A call is made for more research with a list of things that are needed.
Category: General Mathematics

[98] viXra:1712.0110 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 22:02:28

A Possible Alternative Model of Probability Theory?

Authors: D Williams
Comments: 8 Pages.

A possible alternative (and non-standard) model of probability is presented based on non-standard "dx-less" integrals. The possibility of other such models is discussed.
Category: Statistics

[97] viXra:1712.0109 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 23:58:43

Victoria Equation the Dark Side of the Electron.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 21 Pages. This is first article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at document end).

Following postulates focus application on atomic electrons which, by balancing and swinging of electronic extremes around pivot or initial position, achieve electron cloud with specific positions and momentums and always maintaining initial energy with electronic extremes energy sum (equi-energetic state or ES). First Victoria Equation applications serve to make an initial approximation to atomic radius, to show 2 electronics extremes radial distribution from which velocities and momentums are derived, as well as to know nuclear radius distance and energy of both electronic extremes as function of parameter called birth wavelength division.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[96] viXra:1712.0108 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 00:34:35

A02 Electronic Extremes: Orbital and Spin (Introduction)

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 12 Pages.

Electron that is born in a pivot position and swings from this position with two electronic extremes (EE) is introduced in article dedicated to Victoria Equation [1]. These two electronic extremes always provide equi-energetic sum and their energetic distribution is radius (ri) or division (d) function. In this article, electron begins to show in three dimensions. First, by expanding its radial dimension to two dimensions with a circular orbit movement. Second, reaching three dimensions by raising and lowering these circular orbits with division variations (Swinging movement). In the previous sentence two electron movements have been included: orbital movement with circular movement in specific division and spin movement when moving between orbits changing division with swinging movement like a screw.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[95] viXra:1712.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 01:15:44

03 Relations Between Electronic Extremes: Rotation Time as Probability and Feliz I.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 22 Pages.

To the absence of repulsion inter electronic by charge saturation (P04) [1], relation between electrons is added in this article. This relationship conditions ionization energies (birth energies or Eo). After several ideas, relation developed is based on coupling between electrons probability. Electron Probability is introduced based on electron orbital turn time. Firstly, electron probability is defined according to division and radial distance. Variable Compaction Factor or First Feliz Solution is included to correct rising probability with the distance. Finally, electron Probability with Variable Compaction Factor is compared to current orbital representation.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[94] viXra:1712.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 01:44:27

What Cut the Dinosaurs

Authors: Nikitin V.N., Nikitin IV, Nikitina N.N.
Comments: 5 Pages.

High-energy currents of the Moon caused cataclysms on the Earth. The observed flares on the objects of the solar system are the result of explosions of energy bubbles.
Category: Astrophysics

[93] viXra:1712.0105 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 01:50:08

04 Feliz II the Prudent: Probability Radial Closure with High Order Variable CF

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 17 Pages.

Electronic extreme Probability (Pi) as orbital turn time [3] is obtained with its orbital circumference (ci) [2] divided by its velocity (vi) [1]. Regardless of PEP, whether 1 for 1s Hydrogen or 2 for rest, is verified that First Feliz Solution and its variable CF with first-order approximation changes monotonous PA increase when rA increases [3]. Probability radial closure objective is achieved by using Second Feliz Solution with high order variable CF (Theoretically to order infinite). Second Feliz Solution factors importance is studied and its relationship with d, division in which electronic extreme is found, is checked. As consequence, variable CF behaviour differs to division near 1, intermediate and high. This is 4th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[92] viXra:1712.0104 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 02:20:04

05 Feliz III the King Major: Orbital Filled Keeping Probability Electronic Distribution.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 19 Pages.

Electronic Extreme Probability (Pi), defined in [3] as quotient between orbital circumference (ci) [2] and velocity (vi) [1], includes CF from being constant to variable. Initially, variable CF is 1-order [3] to become in high-order (theoretically up to order infinite) achieving probability radial closure [4]. If probability radial closure is achieved by Second Feliz Solution [4], now arrival at orbital geometric limit and orbital volume filling are acquired with CPOTI coefficient of Third Feliz Solution. These actions are performed by radial probability distribution curve that is kept constant. Finally, a method by trial and error is included to find orbital geometric limit. This is 5th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end).
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[91] viXra:1712.0103 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 03:07:22

06 Feliz IV Planet Coupling: Probability Curves Nin Coupling from Origin Electron.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 17 Pages.

This is 6th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). Fourth Feliz Solution is exposed to justify electron lobes magnitudes (z, MON or CPOTI) that can be in n principal quantum number by means of NIN (negative in negative) concept extension. First electron that exists in a new n principal quantum number has origin role with respect to other electrons that are later incorporated (P34) in this NIN concept extension. This origin electron is defined by electronic system that gives rise to other electronic systems of this same n number (P35 and P36). Origin electron MON values are included in P37 and P38 with first relations between them and equation that allows to obtain MON for No Origin electrons is defined in P39. Probability coefficient that relates two electrons is released (P42) and, together with MON (P39), z (P41) and CPOTI (P43) couplings, serve to Probability curves coupling.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[90] viXra:1712.0102 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 03:40:40

07 Nin Coupling Values in N=2 and Oxygen Electronic Density.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 17 Pages.

This is 7th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). P34 NIN III: ns electron as origin of lobes in same n by curves coupling [6] is used to obtain z, CPOTI-AL and CPEP in n=2. These values are used in later studies and are applied here to estimate maximum Oxygen electron density with simple method. Estimate must corroborate Fluorine example that is in agreement with references [6]. By this method, Probability (Pi) calculations are directed to delimited ri (Electronic extremes-nucleus radial distance) differentials rather than divisions (d). Thanks to this change, Pi curves of different electrons can be added or calculation centred on concrete ri can be made.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[89] viXra:1712.0101 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 04:24:01

08 Electron Probability with Nin Coupling in N=2.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 13 Pages.

This is 8th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). A and B Electronic Extremes Probability (Pi) curves with Geometric NIN Coupling (GNC) and Probabilistic NIN Coupling (PNC) are studied in n=2 quantum number. CPEP , CPOTI and z data [7] are used. Hi vs. ci is represented in GNC and Pi vs. ri in PNC. Maximum Pi is calculated with ri variation of 0,1 pm and compared with references. Finally, by way of example, Nitrogen outermost electron is represented both when reaches CPOTI angular limit (CPOTI-AL) and for lobe always growing (LAG) [5].
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[88] viXra:1712.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 04:49:58

Ideal Universal Medium

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 5 Pages.

Abstract: No actions can be performed at a distance through empty space. An all-encompassing medium is essential to facilitate (apparent) physical actions between material bodies at a distance. Aether, used in aether-theories and other imaginary entities currently used to explain various physical phenomena are too vague and fails to describe many physical actions of matter bodies, logically. By realising a real entity that fills the entire space as an all-encompassing universal medium, the formless space can be replaced with a structured real entity. An ideal universal medium should be a real entity with positive existence and with all properties currently assigned to space or to other imaginary entities like; different types of aether, imaginary particles or various types of fields.
Category: Classical Physics

[87] viXra:1712.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 05:14:50

09 Electron Probability with Nin Coupling in N>2 and Necessary Nin Relationships.

Authors: Javier Silvestre
Comments: 15 Pages.

This is 9th article of 24 dedicated to atomic model based on Victoria equation (Articles index is at end). First part continues electron density study [6,8] with atoms in Groups I, II and from XIII to XVIII (s and p blocks) whose n principal quantum number is higher than 2. Fundamental difference lies in Origin Electronic System MON (OES MON), which decreases as n increases (P37 [6]). Another factor that affects to lesser extent is Ionization Energy (IE) decrease when n increases. As in articles past, IE is given by [9] as Initial Energy (Eo) [1] and Maximum Probability radius to compare with contributed by NIN coupling is given by [10] and [11]. In the second part CPOTI-AL division and value are indicated and P44 Necessary NIN Relationships is introduced as one line to be deepened and implies that Electronic Systems values [6-8] follows trends along nuclear charge.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[86] viXra:1712.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 06:02:16

Proof of Goldbach's Conjecture and Twin Prime Conjecture

Authors: Choe Ryujin
Comments: 6 Pages.

Proof of Goldbach's conjecture and twin prime conjecture
Category: Number Theory

[85] viXra:1712.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-05 06:15:59

Deceleration of Massive Bodies Due to Forehead and Backhead Collisions with Gravitons

Authors: Michael A. Ivanov
Comments: 4 Pages.

The additional deceleration of massive bodies in the model of low-energy quantum gravity due to forehead and backhead collisions with gravitons is re-calculated in this note. It is shown that this deceleration $w$ is equal to: $w=-H_{0}c \cdot 4v^{2}/c^{2}\cdot (1-v^{2}/c^{2})^{0.5},$ where $H_{0} $ is the Hubble constant, $c$ is the velocity of light, $v$ is the body's velocity relative to the background.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[84] viXra:1712.0096 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-13 04:39:42

Molecular Diffusion Model as an Alternative to Dark Energy

Authors: Karan R.Takkhi
Comments: 4 pages, 1 figure

Dark energy is rightfully considered as the reason for causing the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Universe expanding at an accelerated rate instead of slowing down or coming to a stop seems extremely uncanny. The Big Bang theory is strongly favoured and the most accepted theory for the origin of the Universe. On the other hand the competing Steady State theory also has an equal importance for some scientists. In this paper I present a theory that bridges the gap between the Big Bang theory and the Steady State theory. A theory/model has also been introduced in order to explain the mysterious accelerated expansion of the Universe. According to this theory/model, the large-scale structures are receding away from each other at an accelerated rate instead of space undergoing accelerated expansion.
Category: Astrophysics

[83] viXra:1712.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:19:31

Exilul Continuu

Authors: Eugen Evu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Am colaborat peste 15 ani cu prof. Florentin Smarandache în tandem. Are un umor pe care l-aş defini tragic. Desigur, în cazul său, încă de când preda matematici în Bălceştii vâlceni, acest destin a fost foarte asumat.
Category: Social Science

[82] viXra:1712.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:21:09

Exist împotriva Mea

Authors: Ion Radu Zăgreanu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Printre apariţiile recente ale acestei edituri se numără şi volumul de versuri "Exist împotriva mea", volum aparținînd lui Florentin Smarandache.
Category: Social Science

[81] viXra:1712.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:21:50

Exorcistul din Pheonix

Authors: Geo Vasile
Comments: 4 Pages.

Mărturisesc că de Mișcarea Paradoxistă sau, pe scurt, Paradoxismul, n-am auzit decât în urma primirii la redacție a unor ”materiale” semnate de Florentin Sma-randache, în prezent rezident permanent în SUA.
Category: Social Science

[80] viXra:1712.0092 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:22:32

Exotica și Cutremurătoarea Indonezie

Authors: Ștefan Dumitrescu
Comments: 15 Pages.

Există fără îndoială destin, Destine, iar multe dintre ele, prin voia Lui Dumnezeu, sau a împrejurărilor sunt cu adevărat excepționale. Un asemenea destin excepțional este cel al matematicianului Florentin Smarandache, din Bălceștii Oltețului, născut la jumătatea veacului al XX-lea.
Category: Social Science

[79] viXra:1712.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:23:14

Experimentând Experimentul

Authors: Tudor Negoescu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Să-nchizi pasărea în cușcă și să-i spui, cu ipocrizie: „Ia-ți cerul în primire, semnează pentru el, în numele înaltelor noastre idealuri revoluționare!
Category: Social Science

[78] viXra:1712.0090 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:24:05

Extensica şi Estetica Paradoxistă

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduțescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

În linia paradoxismului, curent literar pe care l-a întemeiat cu aproape 30 de ani în urmă, profesorul la University of New Mexico (U.S.A.) Florentin Smadandache a acreditat în 2004 un de tip de scriere sincretică pe care l-a denumit “fotojurnal instantaneu”.
Category: Social Science

[77] viXra:1712.0089 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:24:48

Făt–Frumos Din Lacrimă de Paradox

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 5 Pages.

Volumul „Antichambres et antipoésies ou bizarreries”, 1984, imprimé au Maroc, Alipress, Fés, invită nu numai la o reconfortantă bizarerie dar şi la o mănoasă reverie.
Category: Social Science

[76] viXra:1712.0088 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:25:39

Fișă de Dicționar

Authors: Aurel Sasu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Smarandache Florentin, n. 10 dec. 1954, Bălceşti, jud. Vâlcea. Poet, prozator şi eseist.
Category: Social Science

[75] viXra:1712.0087 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:26:23

Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Ion Rotaru
Comments: 18 Pages.

Despre un ”american”, supranumit de mine și... ”părintele” Paradoxismului, Florentin Smarandache (n. 10 dec. 1954, com. Bălcești, j. Vâlcea, absolvent al facultății de matematici din Craiova, cu doctoratul luat la Chișinău, în 1997 - fost profesor în localitatea natală, mai întâi, apoi la Craiova și la Colegiul ”Sidi El Hassan Lyussi”, din Maroc, în prezent funcționând ca ”assistant Professor of Mathematics” la ”University of New Mexico, Gallup din SUA) am putea foarte bine vorbi în capitolul consacrat ”optzeciștilor, neoavangardiști”.
Category: Social Science

[74] viXra:1712.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:28:08

Florentin Smarandache a Poet with the Dot Under the I

Authors: Florin Vasiliu
Comments: 29 Pages.

The author of these lines is confronted with two assertions.
Category: Social Science

[73] viXra:1712.0085 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:28:55

Florentin Smarandache Față cu Sfinxul... Egiptean!

Authors: Mircea Monu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Vâlceanul Florentin Smarandache (născut la 10.12.1954, în Bălcești), conf. Univ. dr. la Facultatea de Matematică a Universității New Mexico din Gallup, SUA, corespondent special al ziarului nostru, se va afla duminică, 16 decembrie 2007, în Egipt pentru a susține o conferință despre neutrosofie – o extindere dialecticii (capitol al filozofiei care susține existența contrariilor), prin admiterea existenței și a categoriei ”neutralitate”.
Category: Social Science

[72] viXra:1712.0083 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:45:31

The Neutrino Cross Sections in the Scale-Symmetric Theory

Authors: Sylwester Kornowski
Comments: 7 Pages.

In the Standard Model (SM), neutrinos interact with quarks through charged current interactions (mediated by W bosons) and neutral current interactions (mediated by Z bosons). When we take into account the uncertainties then the measured in accelerator and the IceCube experiments cross-sections for neutrinos divided by their energy are consistent with the SM predictions. But there is still the proton spin crisis concerning the quarks and gluons so the SM assumptions for the neutrino-nucleon scattering are not clear. Here we calculated the ratios of cross section for neutrinos to neutrino energy using the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST). According to SST, rotating neutrino produces a halo and disc (it looks as a miniature of active massive galaxy) both composed of the Einstein spacetime components which gravitate and are local i.e. are non-relativistic. The sum of masses of the neutrino halo and disc is equal to the neutrino energy. On the other hand, cross-section of neutrino is defined by radius of the disc which density is much higher than the neutrino halo. Below the threshold neutrino energy equal to 2.67 TeV, pions and other hadrons are not produced in the cost of neutrino energy (their production decreases both radii i.e. of the halo and disc) so the ratio of cross-section to neutrino energy is invariant. Above the threshold energy, more and more neutrino energy is consumed on the production of pions and heavier hadrons - it leads to a slower increase in cross section at higher energies in such a way that the ratio of cross section to neutrino energy decreases practically to zero for neutrino energy about 2,800 TeV (this is due to the scattering on heaviest atomic nuclei). The threshold energy for antineutrinos is two times higher than for neutrinos but the ratio of cross section to antineutrino energy for energies lower than the threshold energy is two times lower than for neutrinos - it follows from the internal helicities of nucleons, muons, neutrinos and antineutrinos. Obtained results are consistent with experimental data and we can verify presented here model because of the SST predictions.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[71] viXra:1712.0081 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 07:40:22

The Mathematics of Eating

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 19 Pages.

Using simple arithmetic of the prime numbers, a model of nutritional content of food need and content is created. This model allows for the dynamics of natural languages to be specified as a game theoretical construct. The goal of this model is to evolve human culture.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[70] viXra:1712.0079 [pdf] replaced on 2018-01-09 06:44:26

Einstein was Likely Right: “God Does Not Play Dice” Does Randomness Break Down at the Planck Scale ?

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 2 Pages.

This note briefly outlines how numbers that appear to be totally and independently random switch to become deterministic at the Planck scale. In other words, God does not play dice.
Category: Quantum Physics

[69] viXra:1712.0078 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-03 14:01:11

The Internal Reason of Lifespan Depending on Season of Birth

Authors: Bing Luo
Comments: 12 Pages.

The human body always follows the ancient rhythm. When the relative space locations of the earth and the sun change, the blood volume every organ of human body gets and the functions of the organs will change synchronously. Before conception, the nutrition obtained by the sperm (from spermatogonium to mature spermatozoa) and the ovarian follicle (from primary follicle to mature follicle) changes with the seasons in Chinese lunar calendar, which may be the most important internal reason of lifespan depending on season of birth.
Category: Physics of Biology

[68] viXra:1712.0076 [pdf] replaced on 2018-03-07 15:31:15

The Algebra of Non Local Neutrino Gravity

Authors: M. D. Sheppeard
Comments: 23 Pages. Publication being prevented

The elementary algebra underlying the non local neutrino hypothesis is used to explain discrepancies in the value of Hubble's constant in terms of other physical constants, in the approximation of the R=ct semiclassical cosmology with Mach's principle. It is assumed that quantum gravity breaks the equivalence principle, in conjunction with a quantum Higgs mechanism, and this new view of the electroweak vacuum indicates an absence of dark matter and dark energy. We introduce mass quantisation in the Brannen-Koide scheme in this context.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[67] viXra:1712.0075 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-03 16:13:54

Emergence of the Laws of Nature in the Developing Universe 1

Authors: Evgeny A Novikov
Comments: 11 Pages.

Evolution of our universe with continuous production of matter by the vacuum, is described. The analysis is based on the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger), supported by the cosmic data without fitting. Various types of matter are selected by the vacuum in accordance with stability of the developing universe. All laws of nature are emergent and approximate, including the conservation of energy. The (3+1)-dimensional space-time and gravity were selected first. Than came quantum condensate of gravitons (dark matter). Photons and other ordinary matter were selected much later during formation of galaxies, when the background condensate becomes gravitationally unstable. The effect of radiation on the global dynamics is described in terms of conservation of the enthalpy density. Mass of neutrino (as the first massive fermionic particle) is estimated, in accord with experimental bound. The electric dipole moment of neutrino is also estimated. The oscillations of neutrinos are explained in terms of interaction with background condensate. The phenomena of subjective experiences are also explained in terms of interaction of the action potentials of neurons with the background dipolar condensate, which opens a new window into the dark sector of matter. The Qmoger theory goes beyond the Standard Model and the Quantum Field Theory, but can be combined with their achievements. Key words: quantum modification of general relativity, emergence of the laws of nature, isenthalpic universe, oscillating neutrinos, subjective experiences and dark sector of matter.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[66] viXra:1712.0073 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-07 23:25:52

Several Treasures of the Queen of Sciences

Authors: Leszek W. Guła
Comments: 4 Pages.

Theorem about the primitive Pythagorean triple. The proper proof of the Fermat’s Last Theorem (FLT). The proof of the Goldbach’s Conjecture.
Category: Number Theory

[65] viXra:1712.0071 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-26 10:08:54

The IQ of Artificial Intelligence

Authors: Dimiter Dobrev
Comments: 24 Pages. Serdica Journal of Computing

All it takes to identify the computer programs which are Artificial Intelligence is to give them a test and award AI to those that pass the test. Let us say that the scores they earn at the test will be called IQ. We cannot pinpoint a minimum IQ threshold that a program has to cover in order to be AI, however, we will choose a certain value. Thus, our definition for AI will be any program the IQ of which is above the chosen value. While this idea has already been implemented in [3], here we will revisit this construct in order to introduce certain improvements.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[64] viXra:1712.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 01:02:42

Derivation of Interactions from Dirac Equation

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 12 Pages.

In this work, we show that a massless physical field that accompanies a massive particle can be derived from Dirac equation, such as an electron is accompanied by the Coulomb electrostatic field, and we show that Dirac equation can also be generalised to form a field equation to describe internal dynamics of massless physical fields by considering the components of the momentum operators as matrix operators rather than scalar operators as in the original Dirac equation. One of many remarkable results that can be obtained from the generalised Dirac field equation is a linear potential that may be used to describe the quark confinement at large distances in the quark model.
Category: Quantum Physics

[63] viXra:1712.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:00:09

A 101-a Carte de Florentin Smarandache!

Authors: Mircea Monu
Comments: 2 Pages.

În această săptămână, a apărut la Editura ʺOffsetcolorʺ Râmnicu Vâlcea cea de-a 101 carte a lui Florentin Smarandache: „Exotica și cutremurătoarea Indonezie” (cutremurătoare la figurat, dar și la propriu, pentru că a fost surprins aici de un puternic cutremur, Indonezia fiind situată în zona seismica numită în geografie și în seismologie „centura de Foc a Pacificului”).
Category: Linguistics

[62] viXra:1712.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:01:50

About Florentin Smarandache, Again...

Authors: Ion Rotaru
Comments: 4 Pages.

We have written about him on other occasions too: when the Paradoxist Manifesto or the recollections of the prodigious writer in the volume Fled were published. The founder of the International Paradoxist Movement is full of surprises, of course.
Category: Linguistics

[61] viXra:1712.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:03:50

Actualitatea Paradoxismului

Authors: Alex Balog
Comments: 14 Pages.

Matematician, poet, romancier și dramaturg, Florentin Smarandache s-a născut la 10 decembrie 1954, în comuna Bălcești, județul Vâlcea. După absolvirea Facultății de Matematică din cadrul Universității din Craiova, lucrează ca profesor în comuna natală, apoi, la Colegiul ”Nicolae Bălcescu” din Craiova. Între 1982-1984 va trece dincolo de granițele țării, predând matematica la Colegiul ”Sidi El Hassan Lyoussi” din Sefrou, Maroc.
Category: Linguistics

[60] viXra:1712.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:05:42

A Drama of Ephemerality

Authors: Mircea Sever
Comments: 2 Pages.

Under the aegis of Provence University, Chantel Signoret translated in France Ovidiu Florentinʼs volume of poetry Formule pentru spirit (Formules pour lʼesprit –Formulas for the Spirit), initially published in 1981 (Romanian edition).
Category: Social Science

[59] viXra:1712.0063 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:06:46

Afinităţile Lui Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Al. Florin Țene
Comments: 3 Pages.

Mi-a sosit de peste ocean, din Statele Unite ale Americii, antologia de poezie universală întocmită de cunoscutul poet paradoxist Florentin Smarandache, intitulată destul de personal "Afinităţi", editura "Dorul", 1998, Narrésundby, Danemarca, carte apărută în condiţii grafice excelente.
Category: Social Science

[58] viXra:1712.0062 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:07:36

Agenția Noe

Authors: Liviu Jianu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Între romanul lui Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, și Jurnal de profesor în Africa al lui Florentin Smarandache, există afiliații de sânge non-conformist și protestatar; ambii eroi naufragiază, primul, nevoit, pe o insulă necunoscută, al doilea, voit, în Maroc, în Africa.
Category: Social Science

[57] viXra:1712.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:08:21

Alienarea Sub Totalitarism

Authors: Mircea Brenciu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Recenta istorie a postmodernismului, cu întreaga lui tevatură nonconformistă, dar pragmatică, se regăsește definitoriu în generosul fond elitist al paradoxismului.
Category: Social Science

[56] viXra:1712.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:09:25

Anti-Poèmes

Authors: Paul Courget
Comments: 3 Pages.

Depuis le symbolisme jusqu'à la dernière guerre, le mouvement poétique français avait vu fleurir une vingtaine d'écoles en ʺismeʺ. Le demi-siècle courant fut plus sobre et ne se signala guère que par la tentative "lettriste" d'Isidore lsou.
Category: Social Science

[55] viXra:1712.0059 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:10:13

Antiscrisori Paradoxiste

Authors: Ion Segărceanu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Cartea cunoscutului profesor Florentin Smarandache de la Universitatea New Mexico, Gallup – SUA, poartă acest titlu simplu şi direct, cu specificarea „antiscrisori”, vrând să evidenţieze de la bun început relaţia caldă, amicală, ca de la discipol la magister, cu reputatul om de litere Ion Rotaru, profesor la Universitatea din Bucureşti, autor al monu-mentalei lucrări „O istorie a literaturii române de la origini până în prezent”.
Category: Social Science

[54] viXra:1712.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:11:16

Antologia a şasea Paradoxistă în Cotidianul Internaţional

Authors: Marinela Preoteasa
Comments: 4 Pages.

Sixth Internaţional Antology on paradoxism, 2010, editată de Florentin Smarandache, ne pune în temă cu starea actuală a lucrurilor şi fenomenelor din spaţiul internaţional al existenţei paradoxismului.
Category: Social Science

[53] viXra:1712.0057 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:12:41

Antologie-Dicţionar al Scriitorilor de pe Olt şi Olteţ

Authors: Ştefan Dumitrescu
Comments: 11 Pages.

Când eram copil şi ascultam sau citeam poezii îi divinizam pe poeţi… George Coşbuc, Mihai Eminescu, Vasile Alecsandri au fost pentru mine zei…În adolescenţă îi iubeam, mă gândeam la ei ca la culmi ale perfecţiunii umane şi ale iubirii divine…
Category: Social Science

[52] viXra:1712.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:14:22

Apocalipsul ca Formă de Guvernare

Authors: Geo Vasile
Comments: 6 Pages.

Celebru în matematici prin funcția ce-i poartă numele și faimos în literatură ca naș al mișcării para-doxiste, Florentin Smarandache, omul nostru din Phoenix (Arizona), n-a avut astâmpăr nici anul acesta, reușind să publice două cărți în România și să facă un turneu în Brazilia.
Category: Social Science

[51] viXra:1712.0055 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 02:36:13

A Trilogy in Paradoxism

Authors: Žakalin Nežić
Comments: 3 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache’s a Trilogy in Paradoxism isa framework of dialogue and stage settings that can be used to create an infinite number of performances depicting life under a variety of repressive, dictatorial, or totalitarian regimes.
Category: Social Science

[50] viXra:1712.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:06:04

Bancul ca Specie Paradoxistă

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduţescu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Dacă admitem că nu există persoană ca măcar o dată în viaţă să nu fi spus un banc, putem accepta inferenţa caracterului universal al bancului.
Category: Social Science

[49] viXra:1712.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:28:09

Brûle le Feu Rouge !

Authors: Jawad Ben Serghini
Comments: 5 Pages.

Dire que le sens du non sens n’est que le fruit du contact d’un mathématicien roumain avec la langue française, dans un pays arabe, serait sans doute résumer, et de la façon la plus concise, la situation gravement paradoxal de l’auteur, mais ce serait aussi l’accuser, avec un grain de mauvaise foi, d’être un ʺtouristeʺ de la littérature française, touriste interéssé, bien informé et averti, avouons-le.
Category: Social Science

[48] viXra:1712.0052 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:48:08

Călătoria, O Ieşire în Afara Timpului

Authors: Ion Radu Zăgreanu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Pentru Florentin Smarandache, scopul călătoriilor este unul al cunoaşterii: “e bine să cunoşti lumea şi să compari sisteme de viaţă, culturi, civilizaţii, credinţe diferite”. Florentin Smarandache preferă o stare “boemă” a călătoriilor, o liber-tate totală, spontaneitate, o visare “cu ochii deschişi în aceas-tă lume preocupată de material” (cităm din volumul al IV-lea din seria jurnalieră a voiajărilor sale intitulate, Frate cu meri-dianele şi cu paralele, volum apărut la Râmnicu-Vâlcea, 2008).
Category: Social Science

[47] viXra:1712.0051 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:48:55

Călătorii Neutre

Authors: Adrian Botez
Comments: 6 Pages.

Trebuie să mărturisim că, atunci când am văzut, pe coper-tă, titlul: “Frate cu meridianele şi paralelele”, vol. 6 (Ed. Silviana, Rm.-Vâlcea, 2010), gândul ne-a zburat la un Josef Conrad, cu “Proscrisul din Arhipelag”, la Karel Čapek, cu “Impresiile de călătorie” (din Spania, Italia, Olanda, Danemarca, Suedia, Norvegia…), ori la Jean Bart al nostru, cu “Europolis”-ul lui, sau, chiar, la „călătorul” nautic Radu Tudoran!
Category: Social Science

[46] viXra:1712.0050 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:49:40

Călătorind în Rusia Actuală

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Apropiindu-se de împlinirea unei vârste rotunde (n. 10 dec. 1954), Florentin Smarandache, profesor la New Mexico University (USA), tinde să-și stabilizeze preocupările de spe-cialitate – sub raport științific și tehnic.
Category: Social Science

[45] viXra:1712.0049 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:50:28

Cântece de Mahala

Authors: Ion Roșioru
Comments: 3 Pages.

”Fac și eu ce nu pot: literaturizez neliterarul”, spune într-un text al său părintele paradoxismului, Florentin Smarandache, autodiagnosticându-se. Și în Cântece de mahala (Ed. Abaddaba, Oradea, 2000), acest român stabilit în America, matematician de profesie și literat prolific, continuă să experimenteze un limbaj fără frontiere în direcția stradalului, zeflemelii, ocării, înjurăturii, descântecului, blestemului, miștoului etc., cu ovădită plăcere a zicerii de dragul zicerii, fletrisândfalsele pudori, într-o competiție, parcă, de revalorificare a expresiilor neaosiste și de evidențiere a demonetizării altora.
Category: Social Science

[44] viXra:1712.0048 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:51:16

Cartea de la Guangdong

Authors: Dan Ionescu
Comments: 5 Pages.

La editura Education Publisher, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A., profesorul universitar doctor Florentin Smarandache a publicat ca autor şi coordonator volumul “Extensics in Higher Dimensions” (2012). Cartea este, pe de o parte, rezultatul prezenţei sale pentru 3 luni (mai-august 2012) la Research Institute of Extension Engineening, Guangdong University of Technology (China), iar, pe de altă parte, este rezultanta cercetării personale şi a colaborării cu specialişti din România preocupaţi de aplicarea Extensicii şi a Neutrosophic Theory în diferite zone ale cunoaşterii.
Category: Social Science

[43] viXra:1712.0047 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:52:05

Carte de Colorat Puterea (Prostia) pe Nas

Authors: Liviu Jianu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Am încercat să dau de urma alter-ego-urilor lui Păcală în literatura universală: l-am găsit pe Nastratin Hogea, la albanezi, pe soldatul Svejk, la cehi, pe Till Ulenspiegel, la olandezi.
Category: Social Science

[42] viXra:1712.0045 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:55:45

Ce Este Paradoxismul?

Authors: Emilia Popescu-Diculescu, Marin Popescu-Diculescu
Comments: 13 Pages.

Cândva, pe la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea, mai precis în 1880, când Al. Macedonski se întreba în revista sa ”Literatorul” în articolul-program ”Despre logica poeziei” și mai apoi în 1892 în alt articol despre ”Poezia viitorului” dacă nu cumva ”logica poeziei este prin urmare însăși absurdul” sau mai plastic ”dacă albeața crinilor poate să fie altceva decât simbolul inocenței”, constatând anumite ”corespondențe” între ”muzică și imagine”, între sunete și culori, înlocuind discursul poetic prin sugestie, respingând ”epitetul ornant” al lui Titu Maiorescu și acceptând ternul, neologismul, refrenul obsedant, nelogica în dauna sublimului și înțelesului imediat la prima vedere.
Category: Social Science

[41] viXra:1712.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:56:27

Cercurile Unei Vârste de Cleștar

Authors: Marian Barbu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Împlinind 45 de ani la 10 decembrie 1999, Flo-rentin Smarandache vine spre jumătatea veacului de existență cu două lame de blestem ale culturii – una trăind și arcuindu-și postura de matematician, alta, de scriitor nonconformist declarat.
Category: Social Science

[40] viXra:1712.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:57:46

Communication Neutrosophic Routes

Authors: Mirela Teodorescu
Comments: 8 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache and Ştefan Vlăduţescu the authors and coordinators of the book Communication Neutrosophic Routes, published by Education Publishing, Ohio, USA, on May 2014, are two remarcable professors, with many researches in neutrosophical, communication, mathematic, literature domains, social sciencies.
Category: Social Science

[39] viXra:1712.0042 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:58:27

Confesiunea ca Vocație

Authors: Constantin Mateescu
Comments: 5 Pages.

Un ʺjurnalʺ tipărit în timpul vieții, la încă în plină tinerețe, dă pentru început măsura originalității acestei cărți atât de altfel, atât de diferită de tot ce am citit în genul memorialistic.
Category: Social Science

[38] viXra:1712.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 03:59:19

Considerații pe Marginea Unor Poezii de Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Nicolae Novac
Comments: 2 Pages.

Cine își închipuie că poezie se cheamă acele bucăți în care versurile rimează, se înșeală amarnic. Florentin Smarandache vine să ne dovedească acest lucru prin cele câteva poezii pe care le avem în față.
Category: Social Science

[37] viXra:1712.0040 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:00:28

Coșmar la Pătrat

Authors: Janet Nică
Comments: 11 Pages.

Deşi sfârşitul romanului ne îndeamnă să interpretăm ce nu se poate interpreta, imaginaţia noastră înflorită „ca un cactus în deşert” este dusă de mână spre bordeiul unui sens, adevărat sâmbure de împărăţie.
Category: Social Science

[36] viXra:1712.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:01:31

Cum e Posibilă O Estetică a Paradoxismului?

Authors: Radu Enescu
Comments: 8 Pages.

O prima întrebare ne este stârnită de nedumerirea privitoare la titlu acestui volum*: Există oare o estetică a paradoxismului? În urma unei analize mai îndeaproape a celor două concepte, am putea trage concluzia că între ele există un fel de „îngemănare” și unele „paralelisme” care, cum se spune „axiomatic”, se întâlnesc la „infinit”.
Category: Social Science

[35] viXra:1712.0038 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:02:33

Curentul Literar Paradoxist

Authors: Florin Vasiliu
Comments: 18 Pages.

În anii '80 a apărut pe meleagurile Olteniei manifestul unei mişcări literare noi, paradoxismul. Întemeietorul acesteia este matematicianul Florentin Smarandache, fugit în SUA, cu doi ani înainte de răsturnarea regimului totalitarist din România.
Category: Social Science

[34] viXra:1712.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:03:24

De la Multistructură şi Multispaţiu la “recepţionarea Multidimensională Estetică şi Paradoxistă Smarandache”

Authors: Ştefan Vlăduțescu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Paradoxismul funcţionează după regula de inferare care spune “totul este posibil, chiar şi imposibilul”. Această regulă de inferare este continuă, repetabilă şi constantă. Este deci legică şi, prin urmare, universală.
Category: Social Science

[33] viXra:1712.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:04:34

De la Nimic, la 100% Sau de la Dadaism, la Paradoxism

Authors: Victor Martin
Comments: 6 Pages.

Dacă dadaismul a fost un curent literar și artistic, caracterizat prin negarea oricărui raport între gândire și expresia artistică, prin ridicarea hazardului la rangul de principiu, adică mai nimic, paradoxismul este o mișcare internațională de avangardă în literatură, artă, filosofie, chiar și știință, bazată pe folosirea excesivă de antiteze, antinomii, contradicții, oximorone, parabole, paradoxuri, în creație, adică totul, în condițiile în care literatura celor ce s-au autoclasicizat în comunism și imediat după, formată din roman plicticoase sau monografii ale secundei, nu reprezintă decât apă de ploaie. Etimologic, paradoxismul e teoria și școala de folosire excesivă a paradoxurilor în creație.
Category: Social Science

[32] viXra:1712.0035 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:06:03

Despre Aventura Paradoxistă

Authors: Alexandru Lungu
Comments: 1 Page.

Deosebit de bogate şi concludente apar paginile consacrate rădăcinilor genetice ale aradoxismului.
Category: Social Science

[31] viXra:1712.0034 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:06:58

Despre Nelume

Authors: Daniela Pisoiu
Comments: 4 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache, matematician și poet român exilat în SUA și-a uzitat talentele în direcții greșite –talente poetice în matematică și talente matematice înpoezie, după cum afirma în scurta sa autobiografie; filozoful problemelor fără soluții este de fapt, un om obișnuit care trăiește eroic.
Category: Social Science

[30] viXra:1712.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:07:42

Destin

Authors: Al. Florin Țene
Comments: 6 Pages.

Noul volum, intitulat Destin, al paradoxistului Florentin Smarandache, apărut la Editura Ajus, Craiova, se află sub zodia conceptului rațiunii care conține trăsături esențiale ale principiului randamentului.
Category: Social Science

[29] viXra:1712.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:08:27

Destine Excepţionale

Authors: Ştefan Dumitrescu
Comments: 11 Pages.

Există, fără îndoială, destin, Destine, iar multe dintre ele, prin voia Lui Dumnezeu sau a împrejurărilor, sunt cu adevărat excepţionale. Un asemenea destin excepţional este cel al matematicianului Florentin Smarandache, din Bălceştii Olte-ţului, născut la jumătatea veacului al XX-lea.
Category: Social Science

[28] viXra:1712.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:09:11

Din ”bube, Mucegaiuri și Noroi...”

Authors: George Mirea
Comments: 8 Pages.

Lista ”temelor, motivelor, subiectelor și cuvintelor ce pot fi ”suspectate” ca nefiind literare și, deci, refuzat de lirism, de conotații estetice apte să ne furnizeze acel miraculos katharsis etc., a fost ”abrogată”, în principiu, încă de Titu Maiorescu.
Category: Social Science

[27] viXra:1712.0030 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:10:10

Din Nou Despre Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Ion Rotaru
Comments: 6 Pages.

Despre care am mai scris şi cu alte ocazii: când cu publicarea ManifestuJui Paradoxist sau a memoriilor prodigiosului condeier din volumul Fugit.
Category: Social Science

[26] viXra:1712.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:10:54

Distihuri Paradoxiste

Authors: Valentin Borda
Comments: 3 Pages.

Paradoxul, devenit o practică destul de obișnuită în limbajul oamenilor, e frecvent și în lirica populară și – surprinzător – chiar în zona științelor exacte. Literatura cultă a făcut apel la el prea puțin sau deloc.
Category: Social Science

[25] viXra:1712.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:13:04

Doi Matematicieni Poeți: Ion Barbu și Florentin Smarandache

Authors: Ion Soare
Comments: 12 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache a fost dezinteresat de literatură, Q,a chjar o dispreţuia. Va fi fost aceasta o,reacţie, normală pânăla un punct,a omului-de ştiinţă (în speţă - a matematicianului) faţă de produsele imaginarului.
Category: Social Science

[24] viXra:1712.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:14:32

Drumuri și Gropi

Authors: Alexandru Lungu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Drumul poetic al lui Florentin Smarandache este peste măsură de zbuciumat. Pornit dintr-o ambiție ve-hementă de a realiza o nouă avangardă, botezată și clamată zgomotos paradoxism, acest drum trebuia, ine-vitabil, să ducă la altceva.
Category: Social Science

[23] viXra:1712.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:15:54

Emigrant la Nesfârșit

Authors: Ion Radu Zăgreanu
Comments: 3 Pages.

Florentin Smarandache a publicat în anul 1994 la Editura „Macarie” din Târgoviște volumul de versuri Exist împotriva mea. Aceeași editură îi lansează un nou volum de poezii Emigrant la nesfârșit (1996).
Category: Social Science

[22] viXra:1712.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:16:42

Epoca Paradoxistă

Authors: Marinela Preoteasa
Comments: 3 Pages.

Sixth Internaţional Antology on paradoxism, editată de Florentin Smarandache, ne pune în tema cu starea actuală a lucrurilor şi chiar a fenomenelor naturii din spaţiul carpato-dunărean, şi nu numai....
Category: Social Science

[21] viXra:1712.0024 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:17:22

Epuizarea Realului în Virtual

Authors: H. Breteanu
Comments: 2 Pages.

Fără îndoială, unul dintre cei mai prolifici creatori români și actuali, cu un registru de exprimare absolut derutant, de la matematici la pionieratul curentului paradoxist, Florentin Smarandache ne-a mai trimis două cărți, așadar avem o mică bibliotecă a sa!
Category: Social Science

[20] viXra:1712.0023 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-04 04:18:52

Estetica Paradoxismului

Authors: Radu Enescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

"Paradoxismul" e şi el o "revoltă"; am putea adăuga "culturală", "ştiinţifică". Dar n'ar fi de ajuns. O revoluţie "coperniicană"? E poate termenul cel mai potrivit.
Category: Social Science

[19] viXra:1712.0022 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-02 07:59:55

Arrow of Time is a Relative Concept

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

An international team of researchers has conducted an experiment that shows that the arrow of time is a relative concept, not an absolute one. [14] Researchers at UCM and CSS have encountered a partial violation of the second law of thermodynamics in a quantum system known as Hofstadter lattice. [13] Any understanding of the irreversibility of the arrow of time should account the quantum nature of the world that surrounds us. [12] Entropy, the measure of disorder in a physical system, is something that physicists understand well when systems are at equilibrium, meaning there's no external force throwing things out of kilter. But new research by Brown University physicists takes the idea of entropy out of its equilibrium comfort zone. [11] Could scientists use the Second Law of Thermodynamics on your chewing muscles to work out when you are going to die? According to research published in the International Journal of Exergy, the level of entropy, or thermodynamic disorder, in the chewing muscles in your jaw increases with each mouthful. This entropy begins to accumulate from the moment you're "on solids" until your last meal, but measuring it at any given point in your life could be used to estimate life expectancy. [10] There is also connection between statistical physics and evolutionary biology, since the arrow of time is working in the biological evolution also. From the standpoint of physics, there is one essential difference between living things and inanimate clumps of carbon atoms: The former tend to be much better at capturing energy from their environment and dissipating that energy as heat. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[18] viXra:1712.0021 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-02 10:10:29

The Colour-Independent Charges of Quarks of Magnitude 2/3 and -1/3 in the Standard Model are Basically Wrong!

Authors: Syed Afsar Abbas, Mohsin Ilahi, Sajad Ahmad Sheikh, Sheikh Salahudin
Comments: 4 Pages.

The Standard Model in spite of being the most successful model of particle physics, has a well-known shortcoming/weakness; and which is that the electric charges of quarks of magnitude 2/3 and -1/3 are not properly quantized in it and are actually fixed arbitrarily. In this paper we show that under a proper in-depth study, in reality these charges are found to be basically "wrong". This is attributed to their lack of proper colour-dependence. Here the proper and correct quark charges are shown to be actually intrinsically colour dependent and which in turn give consistent and correct description of baryons in QCD. Hence these colour dependent charges are the correct ones to use in particle physics.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[17] viXra:1712.0020 [pdf] replaced on 2020-09-12 16:33:31

The Mass Modelling Principle of Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 4 Pages. 5 references

In stellar metamorphosis stars lose mass as they evolve, therefore a simple principle can be drawn up regarding their mass loss and modeling for future scientists.
Category: Astrophysics

[16] viXra:1712.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-02 12:52:22

The Troncated Integral

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in french

It is showed that a large class of functions defined by integrals verify the Riemann Hypothesis.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[15] viXra:1712.0018 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-03 02:40:26

Helicobacter Pylori is the Cause of Human Gastric Cancer.

Authors: Ilija Barukčić
Comments: 50 pages. Copyright © 2018 by Ilija Barukcic, Jever, Germany. Published by: Modern Health Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018. https://doi.org/10.30560/mhs.v1n1p43

Objective: Many times a positive relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer has been reported, yet findings are inconsistent. Methods: A literature search in PubMed was performed to re-evaluate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and carcinoma of human stomach. Case control studies with a least 500 participants were consider for a review and meta-analysis. The meta-/re-analysis was conducted using conditio-sine qua non relationship and the causal relationship k. Significance was indicated by a p-value of less than 0.05. Result: All studies analyzed provide impressive evidence of a cause effect relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer (GC). Two very great studies were able to make the proof that H. pylori is a necessary condition of human gastric cancer. In other words, without H. pylori infection no human gastric cancer. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the cause of gastric carcinoma.
Category: Statistics

[14] viXra:1712.0017 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-30 06:45:17

The 2017 Nobel Prize for Physics Was Awarded to a Fraud.

Authors: D. Chakalov
Comments: 25 Pages. Typos corrected. Comments welcome.

After a brief recall of the widely known, and still unsolved problems of the coupling of gravity to matter and the non-linear transport of mass-energy (equivalent to “200 solar masses per second”) by gravitational waves (GWs), it is concluded (p. 19) that the alleged “detection” of GWs and black holes on 14 September 2015, dubbed GW150914, is impossible, and therefore is FRAUD. I also provide various conditions under which the conclusion can be proven false and refuted. For example, regarding the origin of GW energy, if the so-called “mixed procedure” (Jose Pereira) can be derived from non-linear GW effects (MTW p. 968) due to arbitrary GW amplitude (Michele Maggiore) inducing stresses in matter (Robert Wald), say, in a plastic bottle (p. 21) at distance 1 AU from GW150914, the conclusion by Hermann Weyl on the linearized approximation of GR (p. 19) will be refuted. Then all projects in GW astronomy, including Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), will be duly vindicated, and I’ll eat my hat.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[13] viXra:1712.0016 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-03 05:42:39

Reverse Qubits

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

A group of scientists at the Niels Bohr Institute (NBI), University of Copenhagen, has figured out how to make spin qubits perform controlled backward rotations. [29] Researchers from Google and the University of California Santa Barbara have taken an important step towards the goal of building a large-scale quantum computer. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[12] viXra:1712.0015 [pdf] replaced on 2019-05-02 05:03:02

Theology as a Cognitive Discipline

Authors: Arsen A. Movsesyan
Comments: 11 Pages.

The article provides a solution to the problem of classification of the Theological Disciplines. This important problem is solved on the basis of a new Theory of Cognition, which is built proceeding from some general physical representations and heuristic glance at the basics of General Psychology. The criterion for completeness of any cognitive system, which is critical for classification of the Theological Disciplines is also formulated and justified. Relevant Theological Disciplines are represented in tabular form. This shows that Theology is an important fundamental cognitive discipline. A substantiated assertion about the unity of the processes of scientific and theological cognition is one of the important conclusions of this article.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[11] viXra:1712.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 16:29:25

The Spherical Energy Perturbations Symmetry of QCD Constituents Quantizes EFE as the Glue-balls

Authors: Yazzed Al-Harbi
Comments: 13 Pages.

Yang-Mills theory, one of the most important questions is to mathematically explain the mass gap, or nonzero mass, in quantum applications of the formulas. By deriving continuous lattice and perturbative formulations in this paper for QCD constitutions representing the mass gap, As a consequence The fourmulations obey general and special relativity, Newton's gravitational law and Klein-Gordon equation as the "Glue-balls".
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[10] viXra:1712.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 16:28:58

The Angular Momentum Problem with Barycenters in Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

A serious problem is brought to light concerning establishment's acceptance of stars not losing most of their mass and their acceptance of the permanence of orbits. This is due to the angular momentum of objects in the outer solar system being way too high to maintain a stable barycenter given stars lose considerable mass as they evolve.
Category: Astrophysics

[9] viXra:1712.0010 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-06 04:06:06

Bell’s Theorem Refuted Mathematically for Professor X.

Authors: Gordon watson
Comments: 3 Pages.

Bringing an elementary knowledge of sums and averages to Bell (1964), we refute Bell’s theorem.
Category: Quantum Physics

[8] viXra:1712.0008 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-06 05:53:38

On Velocity Gauge Field Approach of Interactions

Authors: Jean Pierre Rukundo
Comments: 5 Pages.

A unified Mathematical framework which describes particles interactions both in classical field theory of gravity and quantum field theory is presented, by introducing a velocity gauge field. The velocity gauge field Lagrangian is developed and shown to be equivalent to the Dirac field and related to the Electromagnetic field. The velocity fields interactions are shown to produce the Einstein-Hilbert action Lagrangian. Similar extension of the Mathematical framework to the Electromagnetic field produces the Quantum electrodynamics and Yang-Mills fields Lagrangians. Finally, a unified Lagrangian describing both velocity field and Electromagnetic field types is presented and alternative formulation suggested.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[7] viXra:1712.0007 [pdf] replaced on 2017-12-06 05:56:21

On Spacetime Transformations

Authors: Jean Pierre Rukundo
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, a general spacetime transformation from biquaternion left and right multiplications is introduced. First, it is shown that the transformation leaves the spacetime length invariant. Furthermore, the Lorentz transformation is derived as a special case of the general biquaternion transformation. Surprisingly, some commutation and anticommutation properties generally found in quantum mechanics are manifested by the biquaternion transformation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[6] viXra:1712.0006 [pdf] replaced on 2018-03-21 05:27:42

A Normal Hyperbolic, Global Extension of the Kerr Metric

Authors: Ll. Bel
Comments: 9 Pages. A section has been added

A restriction of the Boyer-Lindquist model of the Kerr metric is considered that is globally hyperbolic on the space manifold ${\bf R}^3$ with the origin excluded, the quotient $m/r$ being unrestricted. The model becomes in this process a generalization of Brillouin's model, describing the gravitational field of a rotating massive point particle.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[5] viXra:1712.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 03:09:57

The Shape of Water and the Tethered Proton

Authors: Seamus McCelt
Comments: Pages.

Tethered by a proton? How could that happen?
A mainstream proton is just a non-existent point.
The only way a proton could tether something is if it made from threads. And they do NOT know it yet but -- that is exactly what a proton is -- threads.
A free proton looks like this...

Neutron: ●~~~
Proton: ~~~●~~~
Electron: ~~~∗~~~
Hydrogen: ~~~∗~~~●~~~

Two hydrogen atoms can plug their electrons into the vacant corners of an oxygen cubic atom. That creates an H2O water molecule and leaves the hydrogen protons dangling on the outside of the thread mesh-type cage. That is why they claim the hydrogen atoms are positively charged. The hydrogen electrons gets fixed into the octet cube and leave the proton on the outside. That is also how it can tether another atom / molecule.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[4] viXra:1712.0004 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 03:27:16

Emergence of the Laws of Nature in the Developing Universe

Authors: Evgeny A Novikov
Comments: 11 Pages.

Evolution of our universe with continuous production of matter by the vacuum, is described. The analysis is based on the quantum modification of the general relativity (Qmoger), supported by the cosmic data without fitting. Various types of matter are selected by the vacuum in accordance with stability of the developing universe. All laws of nature are emergent and approximate, including the conservation of energy. The (3+1)-dimensional space-time and gravity were selected first. Than came quantum condensate of gravitons (dark matter). Photons and other ordinary matter were selected much later during formation of galaxies, when the background condensate becomes gravitationally unstable. The effect of radiation on the global dynamics is described in terms of conservation of the enthalpy density. Mass and electric dipole moment of neutrino (as the first massive fermionic particle) are estimated. The oscillations of neutrinos are explained in terms of interaction with background condensate. The phenomena of subjective experiences are also explained in terms of interaction of the action potentials of neurons with the background dipolar condensate.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[3] viXra:1712.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 06:09:14

Microworld_ 38. EmDrive and Other Magnetic Ethereal Flow-Through Jet Engines

Authors: N.N.Leonov
Comments: 18 Pages. English and russian texts

In the early two thousands, EmDrive (R.Shawyer) and Antigravity Engine (V. Leonov) were invented which operation principles were known neither to the inventors nor to the contemporary science. Studies based on the methods of the theory of non-linear oscillations found that those devices were flow-through engines wherein jets are made of ether and the magnetic field acts as a compressor.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[2] viXra:1712.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 08:25:47

SLAC High-Temperature Superconductivity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

Scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have shown that copper-based superconductors, or cuprates – the first class of materials found to carry electricity with no loss at relatively high temperatures – contain fluctuating stripes of electron charge and spin that meander like rivulets over rough ground. [29] Researchers from Google and the University of California Santa Barbara have taken an important step towards the goal of building a large-scale quantum computer. [28] Physicists have shown that superconducting circuits—circuits that have zero electrical resistance—can function as piston-like mechanical quantum engines. The new perspective may help researchers design quantum computers and other devices with improved efficiencies. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[1] viXra:1712.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2017-12-01 10:54:44

Comments on The Pitzer Equations Formulated on the Assumption of Complete Dissociation of Strong Electrolytes

Authors: Raji Heyrovska
Comments: 3 Pages. This short paper was accepted for publication in JPCRD, but its publication was stopped by NIST after it was proof-read. Over the years it has proved to be correct; see Structural Chem. 24 (2013) 1895-1901; DOI 10.1007/s11224-013-0256-7.

In the past years many articles have been pub¬lished in JPCRD which are based on the Pitzer equations formulated on the assumption of complete dissociation of strong electrolytes at all concentrations. However, in this current author’s opinion, these equations are so complex that they suggest that mere is some concep¬tual error. To quote some articles in Chemistry in Britain, Franks points out that “tinkering with the Debye-Hückel equation may produce better fits to experimental data over increasingly wider ranges of concentration, but it is only a curve fitting exercise." According to this current author, the above complex state of the mathematical description of the solution properties is due to the conventional assumption that strong electrolytes are completely dissociated in aqueous solutions. In recent years, it has been shown by the present author that strong electrolytes are indeed only partially dissociated in aqueous solutions, and this has been confirmed experimentally and supported by molecular dynamic simulations for saturated solutions.
Category: Chemistry