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1007 Submissions

[55] viXra:1007.0058 [pdf] submitted on 31 Jul 2010

Determination of Proton and Neutron Radii

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 2 Pages.

In note we calculate Proton and Neutron radii
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[54] viXra:1007.0056 [pdf] replaced on 22 Aug 2010

The Cyclotron Notebooks

Authors: Philip Gibbs
Comments: 66 Pages, originally published as a website in March 1996.

The cyclotron note books are a collection of essays about fundamental physics and metaphysics. The central essay is about the principle of event-symmetric space-time, a new theory about how to do quantum gravity. The style is more technical in some parts than in others. Each essay can be read independently but if you find that one of them has terms which you don't understand you may find them explained in an earlier one. The later ones may be too difficult for the layman and even I don't understand the last one.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[53] viXra:1007.0055 [pdf] submitted on 30 Jul 2010

A Model of the Electron

Authors: R. Wayte
Comments: 47 Pages.

A geometrical/mechanical model of the electron has been developed based on the measured fine structure constant, anomalous magnetic moment, and a solution of Einstein's equations of general relativity applied to electromagnetism. Properties such as charge, mass and spin have been explained from a classical viewpoint, and then α and μ calculated in agreement with experiment.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[52] viXra:1007.0054 [pdf] replaced on 11 Aug 2010

Possibility to Explain Aether and Gravitational Wave from Electromagnetic-Dynamics Equations

Authors: Yoshiro Nohara
Comments: 6 pages

The generalized Maxwell equations in vacuum are basically the equations for steady states, which satisfy both energy and force conservation laws. However, superpositions of the steady states often break those conservation laws, although the generalized Maxwell equations are kept. To study those cases, we derived electromagnetic-dynamics equations, which include the generalized Maxwell equations, energy and force conservation laws, and dynamics of scalar fields. These equations explain that the scalar fields may work as the aether propagating the electromagnetic wave, and scalar waves may work as the gravitational waves.
Category: Classical Physics

[51] viXra:1007.0053 [pdf] submitted on 30 Jul 2010

Russian Numerals: a Clue to Aryan Counting

Authors: Valery P. Dmitriyev
Comments: 1 pages

Russian numerals fit into a rhymed mnemonic verse. Almost exact correspondence to names of respective Greek letters and many parallels with Sanscrit, Greek, Latin, English and German numerals occur.
Category: Linguistics

[50] viXra:1007.0052 [pdf] submitted on 30 Jul 2010

A Mathematical Model of the Quark and Lepton Mixing Angles

Authors: J. S. Markovitch
Comments: 15 pages

A single mathematical model encompassing both quark and lepton mixing is described. This model exploits the fact that when a 3×3 rotation matrix whose elements are squared is subtracted from its transpose, a matrix is produced whose non-diagonal elements have a common absolute value, where this value is an intrinsic property of the rotation matrix. For the traditional CKM quark mixing matrix with its second and third rows interchanged (i.e., c - t interchange), this value equals one-third the corresponding value for the leptonic matrix (roughly, 0.05 versus 0.15). By imposing this and two additional related constraints on mixing, and letting leptonic ϕ23 be maximal, a framework is defined possessing just two free parameters. A mixing model is then specified using values for these two parameters that derive from the solution to a simple equation, where this solution also accurately reproduces the fine structure constant. The resultant model, which is entirely free from parameters adjusted to fit the mixing data, possesses the following angles θ23 = 2.367442, θ13 = 0.190986, θ12 = 12.920966, ϕ23 = maximal, ϕ13 = 0.013665, and ϕ12 = 33.210911, which fit the experimental quark and lepton mixing angles. At the time of its introduction in 2007, this model had a 7.0σ disagreement with the value for |Vub|, whereas a revised value for |Vub| from the same source now yields a disagreement of just 1.6σ.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[49] viXra:1007.0051 [pdf] submitted on 29 Jul 2010

On the Invariance of the Velocity of Light

Authors: Bertrand Wong
Comments: 14 pages

The Special Theory of Relativity postulates that the velocity of light would always be invariant at 186,000 miles per second at all inertial frames. The paper examines this aspect of the Theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[48] viXra:1007.0050 [pdf] submitted on 28 Jul 2010

Thermodynamic Foundations of General Relativity (The Primary Gas Representation of Particle-X)

Authors: V.A.Induchoodan Menon
Comments: 19 pages

The author after introducing the concept of the vean (vacuum energy absorption) process shows that it not only crystallizes the progressive nature of time but also causes gravitation and the red shift of light emitted by far off galaxies [1]. He now shows that the thermodynamics of the primary gas in a gravitational field leads to the principle of equivalence and to its field equations of general relativity. The curvature of the space-time is seen to emerge from the anisotropy of the fluctuations in the Higgs field in the neighborhood of a massive body arising from the vean process. According to him unlike the currently accepted interpretation of general relativity the gravitational field based on the vean process does not exhibit non-linearity.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[47] viXra:1007.0049 [pdf] submitted on 28 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (6): The Chinese Remainder Theorem And Goldbach' Primes

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 4 pages. In Chinese

By the Chinese Remainder Theorem, we can obtain Goldbach' Primes
Category: Number Theory

[46] viXra:1007.0048 [pdf] submitted on 28 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (5): When I=1~r, the P and N Are Incongruent Modulo Pi, the P is Goldbach' Primes

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 2 pages. In Chinese

When i=1~r, the p and N are incongruent modulo pi, The p is Goldbach' Primes
Category: Number Theory

[45] viXra:1007.0047 [pdf] replaced on 20 Aug 2010

Using Gravitation to Emulate Electromagnetism.

Authors: S. Halayka
Comments: 3 Pages.

The possibility of Universe-scale black holes living in closed 3D space of constant positive curvature was briefly considered in previous work. Further consideration of this possibility is given here. A possible link between gravitation and electromagnetism is discussed.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[44] viXra:1007.0046 [pdf] submitted on 27 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (4): the Expression of the Number of Goldbach' Primes

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 3 pages. In Chinese

Use the inclusion-exclusion to show that the expression of the number of Goldbach' Primes.
Category: Number Theory

[43] viXra:1007.0045 [pdf] submitted on 27 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (3): Goldbach' Primes and Eratosthenes' Sieve Method

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 1 pages. In Chinese

By Eratosthenes' sieve method, we can obtain Goldbach' Primes.
Category: Number Theory

[42] viXra:1007.0044 [pdf] submitted on 12 Jul 2010

On Using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger Three-Particle States for Superluminal Communication

Authors: Raymond W Jensen
Comments: 19 pages, Presented at the SPESIF-2010 Conference at JHU Applied Physics lab in Feb. 2010

Using a three-particle entangled system (triple), it is possible in principle to transmit signals faster than the speed of light from sender to receiver in the following manner: From an emitter, for every triple, particles 1 and 2 are sent to the receiver and 3 to the sender. The sender is given the choice of whether or not to measure polarization of particle 3. Meanwhile the receiver measures particle correlation vs. relative polarization angle for the polarizers of particles 1 and 2. The particle 1 and 2 correlation statistics depend on whether or not particle 3 polarization was measured, instantaneously. This dependence is a basis for faster-than-light communication.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[41] viXra:1007.0043 [pdf] submitted on 26 Jul 2010

Special Theory of Relativity in Absolute Space and the Symmetric Twin Paradox ( On the Possibility of Absolute Motion )

Authors: Golden Gadzirayi Nyambuya, Mabedle Donald Ngobeni
Comments: 21 pages, 10 figures, 1 table.

Departing from the traditional case where one twin stays put while the other rockets into space, we consider the case of identically accelerated twins. Both twins depart at uniform relativistic speeds in opposite directions for a round trip from the Earth on their 21th birthday destined into space to some distant constellation that is a distance L0 in the rest frame of the Earth. A "proper" application of the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) tells us that the Earth bound observers will conclude that on the day of reunion, both twins must both have aged the same albeit their clocks (which where initially synchronized with that of the Earth bound observers) will have registered a duration less than that registered by the Earth bound observers. In the traditional twin paradox, it is argued that the stay at home twin will have aged more than the traveling twin and the asymmetry is attributed to the fact that the travelling twin's frame of reference is not an inertial reference frame during the periods of acceleration and deceleration making it illegal for the travelling twin to use the STR in their frame, thus "resolving" the paradox. This same argument does not hold in the case considered here as both twins will undergo identical experiences where each twin sees the other as the one that is in motion. This means, each twin must conclude that the other twin is the one that is younger. They will conclude that their ages must be numerically different, thus disagreeing with the Earth bound observers that their ages are the same. This leads us to a true paradox whose resolution is found in the deduction that motion must be absolute. We provide a thought-experiment on how to measure absolute motion. Through this thought-experiment, we extend the second postulate of the STR to include the direction of propagation of light, namely that not only is the speed of light the same for all observers, but the direction of propagation as-well. Succinctly, the speed of light along its direction of motion in the absolute frame of reference is the same for all observers in the Universe. In an effort to try and resolve the symmetric twin paradox, we set-forth a relativistic aether model, which at best can be described as the Special Theory of Relativity in Absolute Space. By recalibrating several experiments performed by other researchers in the past, we find that the Earth's speed through the aether is in the range 240 ± 80 kms-1.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[40] viXra:1007.0042 [pdf] replaced on 2014-01-05 09:03:16

Universal Medium

Authors: Nainan K. Varghese
Comments: 12 Pages. Originally published in General Science Journal

‘Action at a distance through empty space’ is an illogical assumption. An all-encompassing medium is essential to facilitate physical actions. Aether, used in aether-theories is too vague and it fails to describe many physical actions about 3D matter-bodies, logically. Alternative concept, presented in the book, ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’ envisages an all-encompassing medium, which has real constituent matter-particles, structure, properties and actions. For details, kindly refer to same [1].
Category: Classical Physics

[39] viXra:1007.0041 [pdf] submitted on 26 Jul 2010

Electromagnetic Stealth with Parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

Authors: T. E. Raptis
Comments: 8 pages.

We analyze a theoretical example of parallel electric and magnetic fields in a hypothetical anisotropic medium with varying susceptibility. We deduce the polarization characteristics and we discuss the conditions under which this could be utilized in electromagnetic invisibility.
Category: Classical Physics

[38] viXra:1007.0040 [pdf] replaced on 4 Aug 2010

Entropy and 'The Arrow of Time', A Love Story

Authors: Constantinos Ragazas
Comments: 4 pages

In this short note we offer a new definition of entropy and derive an interesting relationship between entropy and time. In light of this relationship, we show how The Second Law of Thermodynamics can be interpreted as saying that every physical process requires a lapse of time. In simple language, the Second Law says that 'everything happens over some positive time-interval'. This defines 'the arrow of time'. This understanding of entropy maintains the reciprocal relationship between entropy and temperature, makes entropy 'additive', and preserves the notion that entropy provides a measure of 'available energy' to do work. What does change, however, is the idea that entropy is a measure of disorder, and the Universe is doomed to thermal death.
Category: Classical Physics

[37] viXra:1007.0039 [pdf] submitted on 25 Jul 2010

Can the Edges of a Complete Graph Form a Radially Symmetric Field in Closed Space of Constant Positive Curvature?

Authors: S. Halayka
Comments: 13 Pages.

In earlier work, it was found that the edges of a complete graph can very nearly form a radially symmetric field at long distance in at 2D and 3D space if the number of graph vertices is great enough. In this work, it is confirmed that the edges of a complete graph can also very nearly form a radially symmetric field in closed 2D and 3D space of constant positive curvature if the graph is small compared to the entirety of the space in which it lives and if the number of graph vertices is great enough.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[36] viXra:1007.0038 [pdf] submitted on 24 Jul 2010

Michelson-Type Interferometer Operating at Effects of First Order with Respect to V/c

Authors: V.V. Demjanov
Comments: 11 pages

          More than hundred years the opinion persists that Michelson interferometer can not detect aether wind by effects of first order with respect to the ratio υ/c. Below there will be shown that the degenerations of the interfer-ometer's sensitivity to effects of first order can be lifted changing the traditional configurations of the device. My experiment demonstrated that a two-media device operating at effects of first order can reliably measure the shift of the interference fringe (and thus the speed of "aether wind"), and much more successfully than by Michelson interferometer operating at effects of second order. Unlike in the traditional approach, in the interferometer of first order light rays (after splitting at semi-transparent plate) propagate in both orthogonal arms to rebounding mirrors in a one optical medium (with the dielectric permittivity ε1), and return after reflection to a plate re-uniting them for interference via another medium (with the dielectric permittivity ε2). The shift of interference fringe is reliably registered (in rotation of the interferometer by 90o) even at gas light carrying pairs with arm's length up to 1 m. With this the fringe shift appears to be proportional to υ/c and difference ε1–ε2.
          The experimental findings have been interpreted basing on classical scheme of ray optics by two methods: 1) with the Fresnel model of dragging light by moving optical medium neglecting terms quadratic in υ/c (including the Lorentz contraction of the longitudinal to v arm as quadratic with respect to υ/c), 2) with the classical theory of the frequency dispersion of moving dielectric media, supplemented by the accounting classical and relativistic Doppler effects describing translatory motion (with velocity v) of particles of interferometer light carriers in aether. From observations of the fringe shift on the interferometer of first order with respect to υ/c there was found (at the latitude of Obninsk) the change of the horizontal projection of the Earth's velocity relative to luminiferous aether in the limits 140<υ<480 km/s depending on the local time of the day and night.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[35] viXra:1007.0037 [pdf] submitted on 24 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (2): When the P is Congruent to N Modulo Pi, the P is not Goldbach' Primes

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 2 pages.

When the p is congruent to N modulo pi, the p is not Goldbach' Primes.
Category: Number Theory

[34] viXra:1007.0036 [pdf] submitted on 24 Jul 2010

Goldbach' Conjecture (1): Goldbach' Primes are Symmetric Primes

Authors: Tong Xin Ping
Comments: 2 pages.

When n/2 + x and n/2 - x or y and y + (N-y) are primes, they are Goldbach' Primes. Put it another way, The Goldbach' Primes are symmetric primes.
Category: Number Theory

[33] viXra:1007.0035 [pdf] submitted on 23 Jul 2010

A New Proof of an Inequality of Oppenheim

Authors: Marian Dincă, J. L. Díaz-Barrero
Comments: 4 pages.

In this short note a new proof of a classical inequality involving the areas of a pair of triangles is presented.
Category: Geometry

[32] viXra:1007.0034 [pdf] replaced on 2012-01-11 19:14:18

On the Gini Mean Difference Test for Circular Data

Authors: David D. Tung, S. Rao Jammalamadaka
Comments: 14 Pages.

In this paper, we propose a new test of uniformity on the circle based on the Gini mean difference of the sample arc-lengths. These sample arc-lengths, which are the gaps between successive observations on the circumference of the circle, are analogous to sample spacings on the real line. The Gini mean difference, which compares these arc-lengths between themselves, is analogous to Rao's spacings statistic, which has been used to test the uniformity of circular data. We obtain both the exact and asymptotic distributions of the Gini mean difference arc-lengths test, under the null hypothesis of circular uniformity. We also provide a table of upper percentile values of the exact distribution for small to moderate sample sizes. Illustrative examples in circular data analysis are also given. It is shown that a generalized Gini mean difference test has better asymptotic efficiency than the corresponding generalized Rao's test in the sense of Pitman asymptotic relative efficiency.
Category: Statistics

[31] viXra:1007.0032 [pdf] submitted on 21 Jul 2010

Because there is Inertial and Gravitational Mass

Authors: Raffaele Cogoni
Comments: 4 pages. Italian and English combined

The matter in the universe, is equipped with inertial and gravitational mass and thus weight, this is due to the fact that interactions between bodies, traveling at a finite speed not exceeding that of light.
Category: Classical Physics

[30] viXra:1007.0031 [pdf] submitted on 19 Jul 2010

A New Generic Class of Beltrami "Force-Free" Fields. Part-I: Theoretical Considerations

Authors: T. E. Raptis
Comments: 13 pages.

We report on a new general class of solutions of the Beltrami equation, with special characteristics. We also provide examples of solutions that also satisfy Maxwell equations. A subset of these solutions can be isolated which corresponds to "gauge" fields. A special projective geometry of vacuum fields is also revealed and discussed.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[29] viXra:1007.0030 [pdf] submitted on 19 Jul 2010

The Alpha Torque and Quantum Physics

Authors: Zhiliang Cao, Henry Cao
Comments: The paper is from a published book "The Alpha Torque" by Zhiliang Cao and Henry Cao. The title was published by CreateSpace with the following eStore URL: https://www.createspace.com/3458701

In the center of the universe, there isn't a super massive black hole or any specific energy holding the universe together. The source of this supposed energy is in the space itself. The space itself is not a complete void. In fact, space itself has a simple movement. This very movement dominates every aspect of physical existence. Nothing can exist without it. The movement is called the Torque. This theory can make it easier to understand Quantum Physics.
Category: Classical Physics

[28] viXra:1007.0029 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

Super Linear Algebra

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 294 pages

In this book, the authors introduce the notion of Super linear algebra and super vector spaces using the definition of super matrices defined by Horst (1963). This book expects the readers to be well-versed in linear algebra.
Category: Algebra

[27] viXra:1007.0028 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

Super Fuzzy Matrices and Super Fuzzy Models for Social Scientists

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache, K. Amal
Comments: 280 pages

The concept of supermatrix for social scientists was first introduced by Paul Horst. The main purpose of his book was to introduce this concept to social scientists, students, teachers and research workers who lacked mathematical training. He wanted them to be equipped in a branch of mathematics that was increasingly valuable for the analysis of scientific data.
Category: Social Science

[26] viXra:1007.0027 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

Superbimatrices and Their Generalizations

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 410 pages

The systematic study of supermatrices and super linear algebra has been carried out in 2008. These new algebraic structures find their applications in fuzzy models, Leontief economic models and data-storage in computers.
Category: Algebra

[25] viXra:1007.0026 [pdf] submitted on 17 Jul 2010

Using Simple Number Theory to Predict Stable Isotopes

Authors: Sean C. Williams
Comments: 15 pages

An abstract method is described for predicting stable isotopes using simple number theory based on a system of predefined combinations, or "Blocks", of protons and neutrons. Each Block is made up of a prime number of protons, and a binary power increase in the number of neutrons. Predictions using the Block system fully includes all the stable isotopes.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[24] viXra:1007.0025 [pdf] submitted on 17 Jul 2010

The New Prime Theorem (341)-(390)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 61 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (341)-(390) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

[23] viXra:1007.0024 [pdf] replaced on 19 Jul 2010

Verification of Cepheid Variable Distance Measurements Using Roxy's Ruler

Authors: Bruce Rout
Comments: 6 pages

There has been some controversy over the validation of using the period/luminosity relationship of Cepheid variables to measure the distance to galaxies[2]. We present here a statistical analysis of distance variations for 21 galaxies between Cepheid variables and Roxy's Ruler. The analysis shows there is no systemic error in Measurements to galaxies using Cepheid variables and that such measurements are valid within well defined degrees of error.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[22] viXra:1007.0023 [pdf] submitted on 14 Jul 2010

Planck Constant Estimation Using Constant Period Relativistic Symmetric Oscillator

Authors: J. Bar-Sagi
Comments: 15 pages

The electromagnetic wave quantum-energy depends only on its frequency, not on the emitting system's radiation power. The proportionality constant between the frequency and the quantumenergy of the electromagnetic wave, the Planck's constant is in the essence of quantum mechanics. This constant is known experimentally but till now there was no clue for calculating its value on a theoretical basis. In the present work a methodology for calculating a lower bound for Planck's constant is presented, based on simple principles. In order to get a reasonable good lower bound it is necessary to have a model of a relativistic oscillator whose period is independent of its energy and which efficiently radiates electromagnetic energy. It is highly desired that the mathematics involved is simple enough to enable good insight into the results. Such a model can also be used for other investigations, and therefore, in this work a potential that conserves the vibration period of symmetric oscillators at relativistic velocities is found and analyzed. The electrically charged system of constant period is used to calculate a lower bound Hm of the Planck's constant h . The value of Hm is smaller than h by a factor very close to √3 . The explanation of this factor also explains the value of Planck's constant. From this value the fine structure constant value is calculated and a new interpretation of this constant obtained.
Category: Quantum Physics

[21] viXra:1007.0022 [pdf] replaced on 2014-11-30 15:46:42

Inertial Frame Error Discovery Derives Stellar Aberration and Paradox Free Special Relativity Via Huygens Principle.

Authors: Peter A Jackson, Richard K Nixey
Comments: 26 Pages. Updated version.

We identify an observer frame error which influenced physics at a critical time. Refraction due to relative media motion was considered from the incorrect inertial frame for Stellar Aberration by Lodge (1893) after Michelson's null result, giving a light path 'dragged' from the refractive plane normal by the incident medium.[1] But in the frame of the new medium (Earth) the light path refracts back towards the normal. Jones's (1970) spinning glass disk experiment inherited that wrong observer frame.[2] We find that using correct rotating observer frames is consistent with Special Relativity (SR) and that the error erroneously falsified the Stokes/Fresnel frame 'drag' theory supported by Michelsons finding, producing incorrect assumptions and paradox. We extend Young's experiment and consider the Huygens-Fresnel Principle,[3] wave/particle coupling, extinction, and shocks, finding quantum vacuum field implications. SR's postulates are confirmed but important domain limits emerge at Maxwell's near/far field transition zone. A quantum mechanism giving mutually exclusive hierarchical inertial systems derives SR. We find extra predictive powers, symmetries and the ability to resolve perceived paradox and anomalies. New perspectives on Stokes, Raman and beyond arise from a local reality model using Einstein's 1952 view that 'space' is actually; "infinitely many spaces in relative motion."
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[20] viXra:1007.0021 [pdf] submitted on 10 Jul 2010

The New Prime Theorem (191)-(240)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 61 pages

Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (191)-(240) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

[19] viXra:1007.0020 [pdf] submitted on 13 Jul 2010

The Formula of the Particle Radii

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 1 page

The Formula of the Particle Radii
Category: Quantum Physics

[18] viXra:1007.0018 [pdf] submitted on 11 Jul 2010

An Equation that Changed the Universe: F-Bar = Mc2/R

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 14 pages

This paper explains the behavior of the entire universe from the smallest to the largest scales,found an equation that changed the universe: F-bar = -mc2/R, established the expansion theory of the universe without dark matter and dark energy, It shows that gravity is action-at-a-distance and that a gravitational wave is unobservable.Thus,a new universe model is suggested that the universe has a centre consisting of the tachyonic matter.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[17] viXra:1007.0017 [pdf] replaced on 14 Jul 2010

The Single Thread

Authors: Giuliano Bettini
Comments: 11/12 pages, v2 in Italian, v3 in English

This short paper explores intriguing analogies between helical structures of electron and elementary particles and circular supercoiled DNA. I propose a strong relation between the dispositions Lk=Tw+Wr (Lk=const., changing Twist and Writhe) and the quark compositions Q=I3+Y/2 (examples: Q=const., varying Isospin an Hypercharge; or Strangeness S or Y=const. varying Charge and Isospin).
Category: Quantum Physics

[16] viXra:1007.0016 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

Studies in Statistical Inference, Sampling Techniques and Demography

Authors: Rajesh Singh, Jayant Singh, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 64 pages

This volume is a collection of five papers. Two chapters deal with problems in statistical inference, two with inferences in finite population, and one deals with demographic problem. The ideas included here will be useful for researchers doing works in these fields.
Category: Statistics

[15] viXra:1007.0015 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

A Class of Stationary Sequences

Authors: Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 3 pages

We define a class of sequences {an} by a1 = a and an+1 = P(an), where P is a polynomial with real coefficients. For which a values, and for which polynomials P will these sequences be constant after a certain rank? Then we generalize it from polynomials P to real functions f. In this note, the author answers this question using as reference F. Lazebnik & Y. Pilipenko's E 3036 problem from A. M. M., Vol. 91, No. 2/1984, p. 140. An interesting property of functions admitting fixed points is obtained.
Category: Number Theory

[14] viXra:1007.0014 [pdf] submitted on 13 Mar 2010

Special Set Linear Algebra and Special Set Fuzzy Linear Algebra

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache, K Ilanthenral
Comments: 469 pages

This book for the first time introduces the notion of special set linear algebra and special set fuzzy linear algebra. This is an extension of the book set linear algebra and set fuzzy linear algebra. These algebraic structures basically exploit only the set theoretic property, hence in applications one can include a finite number of elements without affecting the systems property. These new structures are not only the most generalized structures but they can perform multi task simultaneously; hence they would be of immense use to computer scientists.
Category: Algebra

[13] viXra:1007.0013 [pdf] submitted on 10 Jul 2010

The New Prime Theorem (291)-(340)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 61 pages

Using Jiang function J2(ω) we prove that the new prime theorems (291)-(340) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

[12] viXra:1007.0012 [pdf] submitted on 9 Jul 2010

Surmounting the Cartesian Cut Further: Torsion Fields, the Extended Photon, Quantum Jumps, The Klein-Bottle, Multivalued Logic, the Time Operator Chronomes, Perception, Semiosis, Neurology and Cognition

Authors: Diego L. Rapoport
Comments: 89 page.

We present a conception that surmounts the Cartesian Cut -prevailing in science- based on a representation of the fusion of the physical 'objective' and the 'subjective' realms. We introduce a mathematical-physics and philosophical theory for the physical realm and its mapping to the cognitive and perceptual realms and a philosophical reflection on the bearings of this fusion in cosmology, cognitive sciences, human and natural systems and its relations with a time operator and the existence of time cycles in Nature's and human systems. This conception stems from the self-referential construction of spacetime through torsion fields and its singularities; in particular the photon's self-referential character, basic to the embodiment of cognition ; we shall elaborate this in detail in perception and neurology. We discuss the relations between this embodiment, bio-photons and wave genetics, and the relation with the enactive approach in cognitive sciences due to Varela. We further discuss the relation of the present conception with Penrose's theory of consciousness related to non-computatibility -in the sense of the Goedel-Turing thesis- of quantum processes in the brain.
Category: Mind Science

[11] viXra:1007.0011 [pdf] submitted on 8 Jul 2010

A New Proof Daniel Pedoe and Oene Bottema Inequalities

Authors: Marian Dincă, Şcoala Generală
Comments: 1 page.

In the paper given a new proof the two inequalities using unitary method.
Category: Geometry

[10] viXra:1007.0010 [pdf] submitted on 8 Jul 2010

On the Critical Temperatures of Superconductors: a Quantum Gravity Approach

Authors: Andrea Gregori
Comments: 30 pages.

We consider superconductivity in the light of the quantum gravity theoretical framework introduced in [1]. In this framework, the degree of quantum delocalization depends on the geometry of the energy distribution along space. This results in a dependence of the critical temperature characterizing the transition to the superconducting phase on the complexity of the structure of a superconductor. We consider concrete examples, ranging from low to high temperature superconductors, and discuss how the critical temperature can be predicted once the quantum gravity effects are taken into account.
Category: Condensed Matter

[9] viXra:1007.0009 [pdf] submitted on 7 Jul 2010

Neutrosophic Bilinear Algebras and Their Generalizations

Authors: W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 404 pages.

This book introduces the concept of neutrosophic bilinear algebras and their generalizations to n-linear algebras, n>2.
Category: Algebra

[8] viXra:1007.0008 [pdf] submitted on 7 Jul 2010

A "New and Simple Idea", Dark Matter-Energy and the Crisis in Physical Theory

Authors: Frederick E. Alzofon
Comments: 20 Pages.

Correction of an omission in A. Einstein's operational definitions of time and space intervals in the special theory of relativity leads to an improved phenomenological and conceptual foundation for a previously proposed unified field theory. In combination with Einstein's researches on the fluctuation in energy of black body radiation, there results a "new and simple idea" of the kind Professor Richard Feynman felt to be necessary for the solution of the cosmological constant problem. A brief description of the formalism of the theory is presented. The infinite zero-point energy of the vacuum is eliminated. A model for the origin of inertial mass and dark matter-energy is deduced. The resulting relation between observed matter and dark matter-energy leads to a restriction on their magnitudes. The magnitudes of the latter quantities are then estimated from astronomical data. A model is proposed for the origin of the gravitational field in terms of a dynamic process at the basis of the proposed theory. The success of the special theory of relativity in predicting the results of three crucial observations establishing the validity of the general theory of relativity and the elimination of the infinite vacuum energy suggest that the unified field theory can lead to a solution of the cosmological constant problem.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[7] viXra:1007.0007 [pdf] submitted on 7 Jul 2010

Fiat Lux

Authors: Ron Bourgoin
Comments: 3 Pages.

In the vast reaches of space between galaxies, we find dust. Where did it come from, this dust? We hypothesize it is generated by light escaping from the galaxies. We then make a quantum leap and suggest our Universe began from light escaping from other universes.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[6] viXra:1007.0006 [pdf] replaced on 24 Jan 2011

A Causal Net Approach to Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

Authors: R.D. Bateson
Comments: 19 pages.

In this paper we discuss a causal network approach to describing relativistic quantum mechanics where each vertex on a causal net represents a possible point event or particle observation. By constructing the simplest causal net based on Reichenbach-like conjunctive forks in proper time we can exactly derive the 1+1 dimension Dirac equation for a relativistic fermion and correctly model quantum mechanical statistics. Symmetries of the net provide various quantum mechanical effects such as quantum uncertainty and wavefunction, phase, spin, negative energy states and the effect of a potential. The causal net can be embedded in 3+1 dimensional space-time and is consistent with the conventional Dirac equation. In the low velocity limit the causal net approximates to the Schr�dinger equation and Pauli equation for a fermion in an electromagnetic field. Extending to different momentum states the net is compatible with the Feynman path integral approach to quantum mechanics that allows calculation of well known quantum phenomena such as diffraction.
Category: Quantum Physics

[5] viXra:1007.0005 [pdf] replaced on 2012-11-22 05:57:29

A Hamiltonian Whose Energies Are the Zeros of the Riemann XI Function

Authors: Jose Javier Garcia Moreta
Comments: 12 Pages.

· ABSTRACT: We give a possible interpretation of the Xi-function of Riemann as the Functional determinant det ( E - H ) for a certain Hamiltonian quantum operator in one dimension 2 2 d V (x) dx - + for a real-valued function V(x) , this potential V is related to the half-integral of the logarithmic derivative for the Riemann Xi-function, through the paper we will assume that the reduced Planck constant is defined in units where h =1 and that the mass is 2m =1.In this case the Energies of the Hamiltonian operator will be the square of the imaginary part of the Riemann Zeros 2 n n E =g Also trhough this paper we may refer to the Hamiltonian Operator whose Energies are the square of the imaginary part of the Riemann Zeros as H or 2 H (square) in the same case we will refer to the potential inside this Hamiltonian either as 2 V (x) or V (x) to simplify notation. · Keywords: = Riemann Hypothesis, Functional determinant,
Category: Mathematical Physics

[4] viXra:1007.0004 [pdf] submitted on 5 Jul 2010

On Smarandache Semigroups

Authors: A.K.S.Chandra Sekhar Rao
Comments: 4 pages.

The notion of completely regular element of a semigroup is applied to characterize Smarandache Semigroups. Examples are provided for justification.
Category: Algebra

[3] viXra:1007.0003 [pdf] replaced on 15 Jul 2010

Gravitation as a Thermodynamic Process of the Primary Gas That Represents a Particle-IX

Authors: V.A.Induchoodan Menon
Comments: 19 pages

The author after clarifying the concepts of imaginary time and reversible time shows that progressive time which is experienced by macroscopic systems is a direct result of the vean (vacuum energy absorption) process which also leads to the collapse of wave function apart limits to entanglements [1]. He now shows that the vean process could result in a gradient in the energy of the vacuum fluctuations in the Higg's field near a massive body which in turn could produce the gravitational field. According to the author, the accumulation of the mass by a particle by the vean process would be so small that an electron would have increased its rest mass by only 10% over a period of 1 billion years. It is shown that part of the red shift observed in distant galaxies could be attributed to the reduced mass of electrons in the distant past. He suggests that the observed expansion of universe could be a direct result of the vean process.
Category: Quantum Physics

[2] viXra:1007.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2 Jul 2010

The New Prime Theorem (241)-(290)

Authors: Chun-Xuan Jiang
Comments: 61 pages

Using Jiang function J2(ω) we prove that the new prime theorems (241)-(290) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions.
Category: Number Theory

[1] viXra:1007.0001 [pdf] submitted on 1 Jul 2010

Efecto Doppler, Transformaciones de Lorentz Y Dilatación Del Tiempo

Authors: Xavier Terri Castañé
Comments: 11 pages

It is generally considered that the Doppler effect, predicted by the theory of special relativity of Einstein, is an indirect proof for the correctness of the Lorentz transformations. In this article it appears the formula for the Doppler effect from the new relational transformations. We also study the relationship between the Doppler effect and the time dilation of Einstein's special relativity theory.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology