Authors: Dirk J. Pons, Arion D. Pons, Aiden J. Pons
Existing theories are unable to build nuclear structures from the strong interaction upwards. This limitation applies to quantum chromodynamics, binding energies, the shell model, liquid-drop model, and the semi-empirical mass formula. This paper solves part of this problem, starting from a non-local hidden variable (NLHV) design solution. The Cordus theory for the synchronous interaction (strong force is used to predict that protons and neutrons may form different types of bonds, with different stability. Specifically the synchronous interaction is found to be able to assemble particules in- and out-of-phase (cis- and trans-phasic respectively). We identify the role of the neutrons in nuclear bonding, and how the proton and neutron are bonded, and the advantages to both in doing so. In contrast to conventional models of the nucleus, the Cordus theory predicts that protons in stable nuclei are not bound directly together, nor in an amorphous collection (liquid drop), nor as shells, but rather through neutrons as intermediaries. The neutrons provide a set of discrete forces that are complementary to those of the proton, and it is the resulting synchronicity of discrete forces that creates the stable bonding within the nucleus, and has nothing to do with charge per se. Falsifiable predictions are identified. The internal structures of the hydrogen nuclides are derived. The work is significant in that it provides underpinning principles for explaining nuclear bonding and the nuclides. The implications are that nucleus structure is not a simple assembly of points, nor a packing of spheres, but an assembly of rod-like structures into three-dimensional chains of protons and neutrons, hence nuclear polymer.
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[v1] 2013-09-03 21:32:08
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